[PPT]Présentation PowerPoint - energy.gov · Web viewThe EU Raw Materials Initiative - Critical Raw Materials for the EU - Trans-Atlantic Workshop Rare Earth Elements and Other Critical

European CommissionEnterprise and Industry RMI | A. Wittenberg | 03.12.2010 | 1/26

The EU Raw Materials Initiative- Critical Raw Materials for the EU -

Trans-Atlantic WorkshopTrans-Atlantic Workshop

Rare Earth Elements and Other Critical Materials for a Clean Energy FutureBoston, 03 December 2010

European CommissionEnterprise and Industry

Antje WittenbergMetals, Minerals, Raw Materials


Main challenges

EU highly dependent on imports of important raw materials (metals and industrial minerals) which are increasingly affected by market distortions

Still potential in Europe (self-sufficient supply for construction materials, potential for other raw materials), but exploration and extraction face ongoing increasing competition for different land uses and a highly regulated environment


The Raw Materials Initiative

Integrated strategy

based on three pillars

Right framework conditions

within the EU

in order to foster sustainable supply

from Europeansources

Ensuring accessto raw materials from

International Markets

under the same conditions as other

industrial competitors

Boosting resource efficiency

and recycling

to reduce the EU's consumption of

primary raw materials


Trade policy actions

1st pillar

Challenging unjustified trade distortive measures

Bilateral negotiations on export restrictions

Raising awareness► Trade Annual Activity Report 2009


Development policy 1st pillar

agreement African Union Commission / European Commission in Addis Ababa, June 2010, to launch a bilateral co-operation in three areas:

► Governance► Infrastructure / investment► Geological knowledge / skills

Based on African Mining Vision

and EU Raw Materials Initiative


Access to land

2nd pillar

Promote the exchange of best practice inland use planning and administrativeconditions for exploration and extraction

Encourage better networking between national geological surveys to increase theEU's knowledge base

Develop guidelines the compatibility between Natura 2000 and extractive activities


Promote research

2nd pillar

Under FP7 new funding opportunities have recently been created for projects on:

► Advanced underground technologies for intelligent mining

► Substitution of critical raw materials

► Coordination of activities in Member States in the area of the industrial handling of raw material


Efficiency & recycling

3rd pillar

Huge potential of EU’s Urban Mines

Tackle illegal shipment of waste to third countries through a more harmonised enforcement of Waste Shipment Regulation

Develop best practices in the area of collection and treatment of key waste streams

Develop eco-design measures aimed at fostering more efficient use of raw materials in products


Increase resource efficiency

3rd pillar

The Commission plans to publish a Roadmap on how to move towards a resource efficient Europe by summer 2011.

The roadmap will set out specific resource efficiency objectives, and how to meet them, based on actions up to 2020 with a time perspective of up to 2050.


Define critical raw materials


Methodology

41 raw materials analysed Time horizon: 10 years A pragmatic approach Three main aggregated indicators

► economic importance► supply risks► environmental country risks


41 raw materials analysedAluminum Antimony Barytes BauxiteBentonite Beryllium Borates ChromiumClays (incl. kaolin) Cobalt Copper DiatomiteFeldspar Fluorspar Gallium GermaniumGraphite Gypsum Indium Iron oreLimestone Lithium Magnesite MagnesiumManganese Molybdenum Nickel NiobiumPerlite Platinum Group Metals (PGMs) Rare earths (REE) Rhenium Silica sandSilver Talc TantalumTellurium Titanium Tungsten VanadiumZinc


Economic importanceImportance for economic value chain and emerging (key) technologies

Renewable energy:solar cells, wind turbines

Energy efficiency:hybrid and electric cars, LED lighting, batteries

Electronics:flat screens, mobile phones

Aerospace:light weight alloys


Emerging technologiesRaw material

Production 2006 [t]

Demand emerging tech. 2006 [t]

Demand emerging tech. 2030 [t]

Demand/prod. 2006

Demand/prod. 2030

Factor

Gallium 152 28 603 0.18 3.97 22

Indium 581 234 1.911 0.40 3.29 8.2

Germanium 100 28 220 0.28 2.20 7.9

Neodymium 16.800 4.000 27.900 0.23 1.66 7.2

Platinum 255 very small 345 0 1.35

Tantalum 1.384 551 1.410 0.40 1.02 2.5

Silver 19.051 5.342 15.823 0.28 0.83 2.9

Cobalt 62.279 12.820 26.860 0.21 0.43 2.1

Palladium 267 23 77 0.09 0.29 3.2

Titanium 7.211.000 15.397 58.148 0.08 0.29 3.6

Copper 15.093.000 1.410.000 3.696.070 0.09 0.24 2.7


Emerging technologies (2)

Raw material Emerging technologies

Antimony Antimony-Tin-Oxide (~ In-Sn-O), micro capacitors

Cobalt Li-ion batteries, synthetic fuels

Gallium Semi-conductors, thin layer photovoltaics, IC, WLED

Germanium Fibre optic cable, IR optical technology

Indium Displays, thin layer photovoltaics

Platinum (PGM) Fuel cells, catalysts

Palladium (PGM) Catalysts, seawater desalination

Niobium Micro capacitors, ferroalloys

Neodymium (REE) Permanent magnets, laser technology

Tantalum Micro capacitors, medical technology


Critical raw materialsHigh supply risks High share of the worldwide production

► China (antimony, fluorspar, gallium, germanium, graphite, indium, magnesium, REE, tungsten)

► Russia (PGM)► Congo (cobalt, tantalum)► Brazil (niobium, tantalum)

Low substitutability ► REE, PGM

Low recycling rates► When used in very low concentrations


Environmental country risk

Ranking of eligible raw materials according to their environmental country risk

0,10 0,60 1,10 1,60 2,10 2,60 3,10 3,60 4,10

REE


Risk analysisREELithium


Critical raw materials

Borate

Fluorspar

Gallium

Iron

Magnesium

PGM

Tellurium

Aluminum Bauxite

Antimony

Barytes

Bentonite

Beryllium

Chromium

Clays

Cobalt

Copper

Diatomite

Feldspar

Germanium

Graphite

Gypsum

Indium

LimestoneLithium

Magnesite

ManganeseMolybdenum

Nickel

Niobium

Perlite

Rare Earths

Rhenium

SilicaSilverTalc

Tantalum

Titanium

Tungsten

Zinc

Vanadium

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

3,0

3,5

4,0

4,5

5,0

3,0 4,0 5,0 6,0 7,0 8,0 9,0 10,0

Economic Importance

Supp

ly R

isk


14 critical raw materialsGraphite

Rare Earth Elements (REE)

Fluorspar

Platinum Group Metals (PGM)


Recommendations

Two types of recommendations

follow-up and further support policy-oriented recommendations

(areas where measures should be undertaken)


Follow up and further support

Up-date the list every 5 years and enlarge the scope

Improve the availability and quality of statistical information and prepare a Yearbook

Carry out further studies, e.g. competition to land use, « cradle-to-grave » LCAs, emerging technologies

Establish a sub-group of the Raw Material Supply Group on criticality


Policy-oriented Access to primary resources

► Land use and permitting in the EU

► Company exploration as research (fiscal issues)

► Promote RTD

► Promote good governance in developing countries

Trade and investment► Maintain and strengthen the EU trade policy, pursue dispute settlement

in WTO, engage in consultations

► Raise awareness in multilateral fora

► A new EU-wide policy on foreign investment

► Coherence of EU policies with respect to raw materials


Policy-oriented (2)

Recycling► Improve collection► Prevent illegal exports of End-of-Life products► Promote research

Substitution ► Promote research

Material Efficiency► Minimise the raw material used► Minimise raw material losses


The Raw Materials Initiative

Integrated strategy

based on three pillars

Right framework conditions

within the EU

in order to foster sustainable supply

from Europeansources

Ensuring accessto raw materials from

International Markets

under the same conditions as other

industrial competitors

Boosting resource efficiency

and recycling

to reduce the EU's consumption of

primary raw materials


Thank you for your attention !

References:

Report on critical raw materials: http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/raw-materials/critical/index_en.htm

Report on best practices in area of land use planning, permitting and geological knowledge:http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/policies/raw-materials/sustainable-supply/index_en.htm

Natura 2000 guidelines:http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/natura2000/management/guidance_en.htm

Trade raw materials activity report 2009: http://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2010/june/tradoc_146207.pdf

Communication on the EU 2020 Flagship Initiative Innovation Union:http://ec.europa.eu/research/innovation-union/pdf/innovation-union-communication_en.pdf


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NE Extractive Industry EU27Construction Materials Industrial Minerals Metals

EU 2007, Eurostatlast up date 09/09/2010


Risk analysis

ZincClays


World Metal Price 1995-2010

6.08.2010accident in a small size Cu-mine, Chile


World Metal Price 1995-2010


R&D - preliminary findings

Documents

[PPT]Présentation PowerPoint - energy.gov · Web viewThe EU Raw Materials Initiative - Critical Raw Materials for the EU - Trans-Atlantic Workshop Rare Earth Elements and Other Critical