Upload
vuonghanh
View
223
Download
2
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Ch 10. Soils and Subsidence
A. Soil ClassificationB. Engineering Properties of Soil C. Settlement, Consolidation, Subsidence
Weathering forms Soils
Chemical Weathering in Soils
Oxidation: 4FeSiO3 + O2 + H2O FeO(OH) + 4SiO2
Hydration: CaSO4 + 2H2O CaSO4·2H2O
Hydrolysis
Expansive Soils (clay rich) Platelets of clay Negatively charged surfaces
Adsorb water . Causing expansion
SoilHorizons
(Illuvial zone)
K Carbonate precipitation and grain coating
R Bedrock (typically with some illuviated clay in fractures)
(Eluvial zone)
Tropical Soils
Oxisols (Laterites) form in humid tropical climates
Iron and Aluminum oxides
Clays (Kaolinite, Gibbsite, Geothite)
Formation of Aluminum Ore
Arid Soils
Upward movement of soil water transports salts into shallow soil
Soil Orders Soil Taxonomy Classification System Table 10.3
US Soils
Engineering Classification of Soils Based on:
grainsize and plasticity (i.e., clay content)
USCS (ASTM D-2487)
Galveston Bay Subsidence
Houston and coastal areas subsiding sue to pumping
Land Subsidence
Subsidence related to pumping
Reduced pressure increases weight supported by soil skeleton
Water is expelled and land subsides
Interferometer Satellite
imagery used to detect subsidence on a mm scale