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System Engineering, Modeling, BPMN, Nanotechnology, Sorghum Waste
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SYSTEM ANALYSIS & DESIGNFOR NANOCOMPOS I T E F I LM PRODUCT I ON US I NG SORGHUM B I OMASS AS NANOF I L L ER
B E L L A D I N I L O V E LY, TAU F I K D J AT N A
Graduate Program, Dept. of Agroindustrial Technology Bogor Agricultural University
OUTLINEMotivation
Problem Statement
Objective & System Entity Construction
Methods
Result & Discussion
Conclusion
Packaging industry petroleum(Shchipunov 2012)
Sustainable, environmental-friendly, new
material(Angellier et al 2013)
Non-biodegradable environmentally
hazardous(Tang et al 2012)
Recycle constraint(Angellier et al 2013)
Fossil fuel extinction(Angellier et al 2013)
MOTIVATION
MOTIVATION
CaCO3
SORGHUM BAGASSE
Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)
can be replaced by natural material !
(filler)
composite
Biodegradable Renewable
High tensile strength High rigidity
High reinforcing potency Wide surface area
PROBLEM STATEMENT
Arrange real world representation where the whole components & processes synchronize completely
SYSTEM ANALYSIS & DESIGN
COMPLEXITY1
Any single disturbance in one step will exactly affect whole processes
INTERDEPENDENCIES2
SOLUTION :
OBJECTIVESTo analyze the influence of (1)
hydrolysis time & (2) plasticizer
ratio on product properties
To measure critical factor ranking
of nanocomposite film product
properties
SYSTEM ENTITY CONSTRUCTION
PROCESS: Sorghum-based Nanocomposite
Production BPMN model
INPUT OUTPUTAny product properties
improvement or not ?
Variables :1. Hydrolysis time2. Plasticizer ratio
STAKEHOLDERResearchers
(Business Process Modeling Notation)BPMN : Define process workflow in simpler, more flexible way to facilitate execution
1
2
SA&D METHODS
CRITICAL FACTOR RANKING : RELIEF
PROCESS HIERARCHY DIAGRAM (PHD)
BUSINESS PROCESS DIAGRAM (BPD)
BUSINESS PROCESS MODELING NOTATION (BPMN)
BPMN VERIFICATION
BPMN VALIDATION
PRODUCT PROPERTIES SELECTION1. Analysis
2. Design
X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)
Derivative Thermo-gravimetric (DTG)
Water Vapor Permeability (WVP)
Crystallinity index of nanocomposite Roles in film stability
Degradation temperature of nanocomposite
Roles in packaging quality & storage application
PRODUCT PROPERTIES SELECTION
1.
3.
2.
Water resistance of nanocomposite film Roles in maintaining the shelf-life of product
PHD(Process
Hierarchy Diagram)
BPD(Business Process Diagram)
Water Vapor Permeability (WVP)
WVP = [ Flux / A. P0 (RH1RH2) ] * xwhere:
x : film thickness (m); A : film surface area exposed to permeant (m2)
P0 : vapor pressure of pure water (1753.55 Pa at 25 oC)
(RH1RH2) : relative humidity gradient used in experiment
X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)Ctl = [ (II) / I ] x 100%
where:
I : diffraction intensity assigned to (200)
plane of cellulose
I : intensity measured at 2 18* calculated in x-ray diffraction angle width of
5o to 30o (2) with power of 20 kV and 2mA
THE FORMULAS :
Derivative Thermo-Gravimetric (DTG)
thermal stability of few amount (mg)
of sample placed on aluminum glass
was tested in nitrogen condition &
heating rate of 10 oC per minute.
BPMN (Business Process Modeling Notation)
BPMN (Business Process Modeling Notation)
We can control variable 1(hydrolysis
time)& then analyze its
influence on 3 product properties (XRD, DTG,
WVP)
DEPT.2 (SWIMLA NE 1)
OBJECTIVE 1For 1. To analyze the influence of varied hydrolysis time & plasticizer ratio
We can control variable 2 (plasticizer
ratio)& then analyze its influence on 3 product
properties (XRD, DTG, WVP)
DEPT.3 (SWIMLA NE 1)
Model Checking Output
VERIFICATION
VERIFIED !
No error or warning
VALIDATION
IMPROVEMENT !IMPROVEMENT !
Higher crystalinity,
Higher degradation temperature
(Curvelo et al. 2001)(Curvelo et al. 2001)
VALIDATIONLower permeability of water content
IMPROVEMENT!
VALID !
(Ghaderi et al. 2014)
XRD = (0+1+2+5+5+6) + (1+2+5+5+6) + (1+4+4+5) + (3+3+4) + (0-1) + (-1) ) = 60/42 = 1.429
7 x (100 94
WVP = (-1.5+1.8+3+3.8+4.8+5.1) + (0.2+1.5+2.3+3.3+3.6) + (1.3+2.1+3.1+3.4) + (0.8+1.8+2.1) + (-1-1.3) + (-0.3)7 x (100 94)
= 41.9/35.7 = 1.174
DTG = (-0.1+0.3+0.3+0.35+0.4+0.5) + (0.2+0.2+0.25+0.3+0.4) + (0+0.05+0.1+0.2) + (0.05+0.1+0.2) + (-0.05+0.15) + (-0.1)7 x (100 94)
= 3.5/3.5 = 1
T (oC) XRD DTG WVP Target
90 100 0 5.5
100 100 0.1 4
110 99 0.3 3.8
120 98 0.3 2.5
130 95 0.35 1.7
140 95 0.4 0.7
150 94 0.5 0.4
(CRITICAL FACTOR
RANKING)
RELIEF
1
2
3
For OBJECTIVE 2 2. To measure critical factor ranking of nanocomposite film product properties
1. Succeeded to represent whole
processes of the nanocomposite
production, as solution for the
complexity & inter-
dependencies2. Potentially contributes to cost &
time efficiency
ADVANTAGE & DISADVANTAGEOf This Model
1. Does not yet
represent a
physical model
(user interface)2. Needs current
data update of 3 product properties
(XRD, DTG & WVP)
CONCLUSION1. BPMN model designed
& simulated the
production system of
sorghum-based
nanocomposite film
2. BPMN analyzed influences
of varied hydrolysis time
& plasticizer ratio on 3 product properties (XRD,
DTG, WVP)
RECOMMENDING REMARKSIt is required to add more updated data of XRD, DTG & WVP product
properties for more advanced model
validation, & represent the system in
physical model (ex: user interface)
Thanks for your kind attention.
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