BAHASA INGGRIS
BAHASA INGGRISGERUNDS AND INFINITIVES
MAYA ISHATAFIAHNUR DEWI KERINA CHAIRU UMMAH KHAIRUNNISYAK
GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES
GERUNDSA gerund is a noun made from a verb by adding "-ing." The
gerund form of the verb "read" is "reading." You can use a gerund
as the subject, the complement, or the object of a sentenceGerunds
are formed with ING
Examples:
Reading helps you learn English. subject of sentenceHer favorite
hobby is reading. complement of sentenceI enjoy reading. object of
sentenceThey admitted to committing the crime.Leslie made up for
forgetting my birthday.He is thinking about studying abroad.
Gerunds can be made negative by adding "not."
Examples:He enjoys not working.The best thing for your health is
not smoking.
The use of gerundUsing gerund as the objects of prepositions:He
is interested in learning more about Biology.2. Using gerund as the
objects of certain verbs;I enjoy playing tennis3. Using gerund
after preposition.She is used to sleeping with the window open4.
Negative form: not preceded a gerund.We talked about not going to
the meeting, but finally decided we should go.
5. Either infinitive or gerund can be the subject of a sentence
when an action is being considered in a general sense. We can
say:Reading French is easier than speaking it or6. As a complement
of a verb:Her hobby is painting.7. Using gerund after go. Go is
followed by a gerund in a certain expressions to express, for the
most part, recreational activities. Such as:Did my mother go
shopping?
Infinitives Infinitives are the "to" form of the verb. The
infinitive form of "learn" is "to learn." You can also use an
infinitive as the subject, the complement, or the object of a
sentence.
RUMUSSubject + Verb + to infinitive
Subject + Verb + Object (nouns/ Pronouns) + to infinitive
Examples:
To learn is important. subject of sentenceThe most important
thing is to learn. complement of sentenceHe wants to learn. object
of sentence
Infinitives can be made negative by adding "not."
I decided not to go.The most important thing is not to give
up
Subject + Verb + to infinitiveI want to study English. (Saya
ingin belajar bahasa inggris)He refused to go. (Ia menolak pergi)I
hope to see you again. (Saya berharap bertemu kamu lagi)The driver
was ordered to stop. (Pengemudi itu diperintahkan untuk berhenti)I
expect to pass the test. (Saya berharap lolos tes)Were going out
for dinner. Would you like to join us?(Kita akan pergi keluar untuk
makan malam. Maukah kamu bergabung dengan kita?)Jenny offered to
lend me a little money.(Jenny menawarkan meminjamkan sedikit uang
kepada saya)Mrs. Allen promised to come tomorrow.(Nyonya Allen
berjanji untuk datang kemarin)Lucy pretended to know the answer to
my question.(Lucy berpura-pura mengetahui jawaban dari pertanyaan
saya)
Subject + Verb + Object (nouns/ Pronouns) + to infinitiveI want
you to study English, now. (Saya ingin kamu belajar bahasa inggris,
sekarang)The doctor advised him to stop smoking. (Dokter
menasehatinya untuk berhenti merokok)The police ordered the driver
to stop. (Polisi memerintahkan pengemudi itu berhenti)He advised me
to buy a new house. (Dia menganjurkan saya membeli rumah baru)I
expect Marry to pass the test.(Saya berharap Marry lolos tes)
THANK YOU
