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PowerPoint Slide show adapted from PowerPoint Slide show adapted from Mrs. Skinners ClassMrs. Skinners Class
http://sciencewithskinner.com/http://sciencewithskinner.com/index.htmindex.htm
Describing and Measuring MotionDescribing and Measuring MotionHow do you recognize motion?How do you recognize motion?
An object is in An object is in motionmotion when its when its distancedistance from from another object is another object is changingchanging
What is a reference point?What is a reference point?
An An objectobject is in motion if it is in motion if it changes changes positionposition relative to relative to a a referencereference point point
How do scientists calculate How do scientists calculate speed?speed?
Speed – the Speed – the distancedistance the the object travels in one unit of object travels in one unit of timetime
Speed = Speed = distancedistance
timetime
What is constant speed?What is constant speed?
If the If the speedspeed of of an object does an object does notnot change, change, the object is the object is traveling at a traveling at a constant constant speedspeed
What is average speed?What is average speed?Most objects do not travel at constant Most objects do not travel at constant
speedspeed
To find average speed To find average speed dividedivide the total the total distancedistance by the total by the total timetime
Avgerage Speed = Avgerage Speed = distance2-distance2-distance1distance1
time2-time1time2-time1
What is Velocity?What is Velocity?SpeedSpeed in a given in a given
directiondirectionWhen you know the When you know the speedspeed
and and directiondirection of an of an object’s motion, you know object’s motion, you know the the velocityvelocity of the object of the object
Example 15 km/hour Example 15 km/hour westwardwestward
How do you graph motion?How do you graph motion?
You can show the You can show the motionmotion of an object of an object on a on a lineline graph in graph in which you plot which you plot distancedistance against against timetime
TimeTime is along the x- is along the x-axis and axis and distancedistance on on the y-axisthe y-axis
How do you interpret motion How do you interpret motion graphs?graphs?
A A straightstraight line indicates line indicates a a constantconstant speed speed
The The steepnesssteepness depends depends on how quickly or slowly on how quickly or slowly the object is moving the object is moving The faster the motion The faster the motion
the the steepersteeper the slope the slope
What is Acceleration?What is Acceleration?
The The raterate at which at which velocityvelocity changes changes
In science, In science, acceleration refers acceleration refers to:to:increasingincreasing speed speeddecreasingdecreasing speed speedchanging changing directiondirection
How do you calculate How do you calculate acceleration?acceleration?
To determine the acceleration rate To determine the acceleration rate of an object, you must calculate of an object, you must calculate the the changechange in velocity during each in velocity during each unit of unit of timetime
Acceleration = Acceleration = Final velocity – Initial Final velocity – Initial velocityvelocity
TimeTime