POWER GCSE Revision booklet - Web viewNHS National Health Service:GP’s, ... use the case study to explain what the British Crime Survey reveals about domestic abuse in the home in

POWER GCSE Revision booklet 2014

Power (30 marks)

Paper 2

GCSE Sociology revision Booklet

Use the Collins Revision book (pages 70-83)

and the Nelson book (pages 148-173) to support your revision from this booklet

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The use of power need not involve coercion, force or the threat of force.

Power can be the ability to get what you want, despite any resistance or opposition you may face

One exercise power over others when they influence the person

Use page 72 of the Collins book to answer the following

What are the sources of power:

Coercive power is

Authority is

Power relationships

Read page 72 and 73 of the Collins

Define what is meant by power relationships:

Make a mind map of the different types of power relationships

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Democracy

Use page 148-149 of the Nelson book to answer:

What is democracy?

What are political parties and how important are they?

What does the spirit of democracy mean?

What are the four reasons that Britain’s democracy is strong?

1.

2.

3.

4.

Citizenship

Read page 72 of Collins

Citizenship can refer to a political and legal status which means:

And can also refer to active involvement in public life which means:

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VOTING BEHAVIOUR

Participation in the political Process

Read page 152- 153 of Nelson and answer:

What is political socialisation?

How can citizens be involved in the political process? Make three points:

Explain what has happened to political participation over the last 50 years? (Collins page 74)

Why may citizens not participate in the political process?

Draw a cycle of the unfortunate cycle of non participation

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What are the government concerns about non participation?

How has the government responded to the non participation?

Abstaining is when

Collins 75

What is a pressure group?

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In the box below write a summary of what factors affect the success of pressure group

Social factors influence voting behaviour

Social class

During 1950 and 1960’s sociologists felt a main class for voting behaviour was class.

Use page 154 of Nelson to answer:

What is class alignment?

What is class de-alignment?

What are floating voters?

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Use the case study on page 154 of Nelson to outline 6 reasons as to why the influence of social class has weakened over the last few decades.

Age and voting:

There is a link between age and voting in 2005 general election, labour led the Conservatives in all age groups except the over 55’s.

Gender and voting:

Women were more likely to vote conservative, but this is changing

In 2005 more women voted Labour than men, more men voted Conservative

Ethnicity and voting:

British Asian and black communities were more likely to vote labour than Conservative.

1992 81% Minority ethnic voters voted Labour while 10% voted Conservative

In 2001, 73% voted labour and 12% voted Conservative.

Social factors affecting the distribution of Power

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Some social groups are more likely to participate in pressure groups and politics than others

Those with better qualifications, in employment, higher income households than those that

do not have jobs, those without qualifications.

Middle class, middle age, white men more likely to become MP’s

Women, black people, young people, working class, disabled are underrepresented as MP’s

Women make up 50% of the population and make up 20% of MP’s at 2005 election

Explain what is meant by representative democracy and why is under representation seen as a problem to this?

Carefully plan and answer the question below:

‘Discuss how far sociologists would agree that the age and ethnicity are now important influences than social class on British peoples political attitudes and the way they vote. (12 marks)

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The Welfare State

The post war period

After the second world war, all political parties accepted

that government needed intervene and support its Citizens.

‘Identify two services

that are provided by the state’

(2 marks)

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A system in which the state takes responsibility for many of its

citizen’s health, welfare and social needs by providing services and

benefits

NHS National Health Service:

GP’s, hospitals, dentist provided, funded by central

government

National Insurance

Contributory

Non contributory

Means tested benefits

Write down the four problems with means testing in the circle below

Use page 78 of Collins to fill in the shapes and definitions below

Child benefit


Conservative approach to welfare state

Labour approach to welfare state

Neo liberal principles

The New view:

Modernisers in the Labour party now agree with the conservatives in that:

Private companies can provide services as efficiently as local councils or the government Competition provides the incentive to work hard ‘Everybody gets the same approach’ is not enough as citizens desire services tailored to their

needs.

Explain how the welfare state has been reformed (use page 157 of Nelson)

Social Issues and Social problems: the government response to this

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Use page 156 of Nelson to fill in the

table below


Use page 158 of Nelson to make revision notes on the following topics

Tackling unemployment and poverty: the problem in society is Poverty explain how this is being dealt with.

The ageing population

Welfare to work deal

Charities and voluntary organisation

‘Describe one social problem in society today and explain why this issue is seen as a social problem by many people’. (5 marks)

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Who has the Power?(When revising this please listen to : Snap – I’ve Got The power)Interest groups

Some sections of society can be quite powerful because of the part they play in society itself. Such as farmers as they can influence the cost of food. The farming interest can be challenged by the consumer interest though.

Interest groups must adhere to the rules set out by government , government does this to manage different interest groups in society.

Being on the inside

Relationship between decision makers and particular groups.

Some groups and wealthy individuals can give money to political groups: conservatives are usually supported by business interest and Labour by Trade Unions

Government needs advice of certain groups to ensure their policies are effective: NHS and medical interest. These Interest may advise through Committees so the government is well informed

MP’s and ministers may have business or professional backgrounds and they socialise and with these contacts of theirs and through this they sympathise and understand their interests.

Being on the outside

Groups outside of the decision making process have to persuade the government that their demands are worth considering. Use page 161 of Nelson to describe two ways that they may achieve this:

Political change:

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Between 1945 and 1979 governments accepted that they needed to consult business groups and trade unions about economic issues. The Conservatives felt that this gave TU’s too much influence it therefore pursued policies to weaken the TU’s, making them ‘Outsiders’. Since coming into power Labour have not restored the TU power and there is now more of a business interest reflected in politics.

Social Change

During the 1950s people became less deferential to traditional institutions and TU’s and some felt their interest were not sufficiently represented.

Outline the main features of the following movements: (page 162 of Nelson)

Women’s Movement

Gay and lesbian movement

Explain what globalisation is

Who is in control?

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For some power is what governments have and use but, for others power it is experienced more immediately and personally.

Power in the home

Privacy is an important freedom in British society and the home is private. So whatever happens in the home it is not subject to direct control by the authorities. Unless, there is clear evidence of wrong doing.

Read page 164 of Nelson, use the case study to explain what the British Crime Survey reveals about domestic abuse in the home in the box below

Use page 164 of Nelson to make a list of factors that influence power and authority in the house:

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Domestic Abuse


Make revision notes ‘in your own words’ on the following areas relating to power and who is in control

Power in the neighbourhood

Power in the workplace

Power at school

Go to page 160-167 of the Collins Revision book and answer the exam questions on power.

Answer the questions first and then use the suggested answers in the back to assess your own work.

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POWER GLOSSARY use your notes and books to complete this glossary.

Democracy

Member of parliament

Constituency

Political party

Prime minister

Monarchy

Citizen

Pressure groups

Authority

Class alignment

Socialist

Consensus

Conservatives

Old labour

Neo liberalism

Means tested

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Deferential

New social movement

Malestream

Direct action

Interest group

Nation state

globalisation

Trans national companies

Patriarchy

First past the post electoral system

community

National consensus

Stop and search

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Documents

POWER GCSE Revision booklet - Web viewNHS National Health Service:GP’s, ... use the case study to explain what the British Crime Survey reveals about domestic abuse in the home in