Power Factor Correction - KVC Industrial Supplies Sdn Bhd · Five PFC capacitor series for power factor correction and detuned filter Parameter Symbol/Unit PhaseCap™ Premium

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Power Factor CorrectionProduct Profile 2004

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General

Awareness of the necessity ofpower quality is increasing, andpower factor correction (PFC) willbe implemented on a growingscale in future. Enhancing powerquality – improvement of powerfactor – saves costs and ensures afast return on investment.In power distribution, in low- andmedium-voltage networks, PFCfocuses on the power flow (cos ϕ)and the optimization of voltagestability by generating reactivepower – to improve voltage qualityand reliability at distribution level.

How reactive power isgenerated

Every electric load that works withmagnetic fields (motors, chokes,transformers, inductive heating,arc-welding generators) producesa varying degree of electrical lag,which is called inductance. This lagof inductive loads maintains thecurrent sense (e.g. positive) for atime even though the negative-going voltage tries to reverse it.This phase shift between currentand voltage is maintained, currentand voltage having opposite signs.During this time, negative poweror energy is produced and fedback into the network. When cur-rent and voltage have the samesign again, the same amount ofenergy is again needed to buildup the magnetic fields in inductive

loads. This magnetic reversalenergy is called reactive power. In AC networks (50/60 Hz) such aprocess is repeated 50 or 60 timesa second. So an obvious solutionis to briefly store the magneticreversal energy in capacitors andrelieve the network (supply line) ofthis reactive energy.For this reason, automatic reactivepower compensation systems(detuned/conventional) are installedfor larger loads like industrialmachinery. Such systems consist of a group of capacitor units thatcan be cut in and cut out andwhich are driven and switched bya power factor controller.

Power factorLow power factor (cos ϕ)

Low cos ϕ results in higher energy consumption

and costs, less power distributed via the

network, power loss in the network, higher transformer losses, increased voltage drop in power

distribution networks.

Power factor improvement

Power factor improvement can beachieved by compensation of reactive power

with capacitors, active compensation – using

semiconductors, overexcited synchronous

machine (motor/generator).

Types of PFC (detuned or conventional)

individual or fixed compensation(each reactive power producer isindividually compensated),

group compensation (reactivepower producers connected asa group and compensated as awhole),

central or automatic compensa-tion (by a PFC system at acentral point),

mixed compensation.

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Contents

PFC capacitor series overview 6

Five PFC capacitor series cover all requirementsfor power factor correction and detuned filters

Information about PFC capacitors 8

Design of capacitors– MKK/MKP technology– Self-healing– Vacuum impregnation– Overpressure disconnector

Cautions– Temperature class of capacitors to standard IEC 831-1– Enclosure of capacitors (IPxx)– Current rating / Maximum admissible overcurrent– Maximum admissible overvoltage– Mean life expectancy– Fuse protection– Switching of capacitors– Discharging– Capacitors in networks with harmonics– Installation– Mechanical damage– Vibration resistance– Connection– Grounding– Storage and operating condition

5EPCOS AG

PFC capacitors

PhaseCap Premium capacitors (230 … 525 V, 5.0 … 33.8 kvar/premium) ............................ 16

PhaseCap HD capacitors(400 … 525 V, 40.0 … 60.0 kvar/heavy duty) ...................... 23

WindCap capacitors(690 … 800 V, 5.0 … 36.0 kvar/wind turbine) ...................... 27

PhiCap capacitors(230 … 525 V, 0.5 … 30.0 kvar/economical) ........................ 32

MKV Cap capacitors(400 … 690 V, 5.0 … 18.0 kvar/up to + 70 °C ambient temperature) .................................... 41

PFC controllers

BR604 and BR6000 series .................................................. 44

Capacitor contactors 50

Reactors

Antiresonance harmonic filter reactor .................................. 54Discharge reactor ................................................................ 60

Dynamic power factor correction

Thyristor module TSM-LC .................................................... 62

Fundamentals of power factor correction

General information ............................................................ 66Formulas ............................................................................ 68Cautions, installation and maintenance ................................ 71Selection tables .................................................................. 75Detuned filtering .................................................................. 77Table of required kvar .......................................................... 79Component selection table .................................................. 80Further publications ............................................................ 87

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PFC Capacitor Series Overview

Five PFC capacitor series for power factor correction and detuned filter

Parameter Symbol /Unit PhaseCap™ Premium PhaseCap™ HD

Power QR [kvar] 5.0 ... 33.8 40.0 ... 60.0

Rated voltage VR [VAC] 230 ... 525 400 ... 525

Inrush current IS [A] up to 200 * IR up to 200 * IR

Temperature class –25/D –25/DMax. temp. 55 °C Max. temp. 55 °CMax. mean 24 h = 45 °C Max. mean 24 h = 45 °CMax. mean 1 year = 35 °C Max. mean 1 year = 35 °C

Losses:– Dielectric QL [W/kvar] < 0.2 < 0.2– Total QL [W/kvar] < 0.45 < 0.35

Max. humidity Hrel 95% 95%

Safety – triple (self-healing, overpressure triple (self-healing, overpressure disconnector, dry technology) disconnector, dry technology)

Impregnation – inert gas inert gas

Mean life expectancy DB(co) up to 115 000 h up to 130 000 h

Connection – SIGUT™, block-type, SIGUT™, block-type,safety terminal safety terminal

Cooling – natural natural

Case/shape – aluminum/cylindrical aluminum/cylindrical

Enclosure IPxx IP20, optionally IP54 IP20

Standard IEC 831-1+2, UL 810 5th edition, IEC 831-1+2, UL 810 5th editioncULfile # E238746

Application PFC and detuned systems PFC and detuned systems

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WindCap™ PhiCap MKV Cap

5.0 ... 36.0 0.5 ... 30.0 5.0 … 18.0

690 ... 800 230 ... 525 400 … 690

up to 300 * IR up to 200 * IR up to 300 * IR

–25/D –25/D –25 ... +70 °CMax. temp. 55 °C Max. temp. 55 °C Max. temp. 70 °CMax. mean 24 h = 45 °C Max. mean 24 h = 45 °C Max. mean 24 h = 55 °CMax. mean 1 year = 35 °C Max. mean 1 year = 35 °C Max. mean 1 year = 45 °C

< 0.2 < 0.2 < 0.2< 0.4 < 0.45 < 0.5

95% 95% 95%

triple (self-healing, overpressure dual (self-healing, overpressure disconnector) dual (self-healing, overpressuredisconnector, dry technology) disconnector)

inert gas soft resin oil

up to 130 000 h up to 100 000 h up to 150 000 h

SIGUT™, block-type, B32344 series: screw terminalsafety terminal SIGUT™, block-type, safety terminal

B32340/B32343 series:fast-on terminals

natural natural natural

aluminum/cylindrical aluminum/cylindrical aluminum/cylindrical

IP20, optionally IP54 IP00, IP20, optionally IP54 IP00

IEC 831-1+2, UL 810 5th edition, IEC 831-1+2, UL 810 5th edition IEC 831-1+2, cUL file # E96954cUL file # E238746

PFC, detuned systems and wind turbines PFC and detuned systems PFC and harmonic filtering

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Design of capacitors

MKK/MKP technologyThe broad field of application forcapacitors combined with physicaland economic considerationscreates the need for differentdielectric technologies.When it comes to low-voltagepower factor correction, MKK/MKPtechnology (metalized plasticfilm/polypropylene) has turned outas currently the most suitable andmost economic technology. Thethickness of the dielectric differs as

a function of voltage rating. Themetalization (with zinc and alu-minum as its major constituents)and edge enhancement withextra junctions or cross-profilemetalization play a significant rolein achieving high current handlingand stable capacitance. Heavy-edge and special film cuttingtechnique (optimized combination

of wavy and smooth cuts) pro-duces a maximum effective surfacefor the metal spraying or contactingprocess (winding design). Thisresults in high surge current with-stand capability. The bucklingeffect on the film edge of thewinding – the cause of contactedge problems – is eliminated inthis way.

Information about PFC Capacitors

Capacitorwindings

Section A Section A

Solid contact

zone

Without EPCOS wavy cut

EPCOS wavy cut

Metalization

Metalization

Metalization

Metalization

Metalization

Flame- sprayed area

Crackspossible

Film and film-freemargin

Film andfilm-free margin

Heavy edge

Heavy edge

Flame-sprayed contact area (Zn) Large effectivecontact area

Metal sprayinglayer (Zn)

Wavy cut design

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Self-healingAn electric breakdown is possibleas the result of thermal or electricoverload or at the end of useful life.This results in a small arc thatevaporates the metalization in theregion of the breakdown in amatter of microseconds. The gaspressure caused at this spot bythe high temperature blows thenow vaporous metalization out ofthe breakdown region.

This means that a non-conductingisolation region free of metalizationis formed here.During and after the breakdownthe capacitor is fully functional.The reduction in capacitancecaused by self-healing is lessthan 100 pF, i.e. of an order thatcan only be verified by a precisionmeasuring instrument.

Vacuum impregnationThe active winding elements areheated and then dried for a definedperiod. Impregnation (e.g. by gas)is performed under vacuum. In this way air and moisture areextracted from the inner capacitor,and oxidation of the electrodesas well as partial discharges areavoided. Afterwards capacitorsare hermetically sealed in cases(e.g. aluminum). The elaborateprocess ensures excellent capaci-tance stability and long service life.

1 Dielectric2 Metalized electrodes3 Material displacing shock wave4 Air gap with metal vapor

5,6 Plasma zone7 Boundary layer between gas

phase dielectric and plasma8 Breakdown channel9 Gas phase dielectric

10 Zone of displaced metalization and dielectric (isolating region)

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r1 10

4 2

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8 10 1

2 4

245

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10 101

1

399 7

37 9

30 µm 10 µm

Self-healing

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Overpressure disconnectorElectrical components do not haveunlimited life expectancy; thisapplies to self-healing capacitorstoo. As polypropylene-type capaci-tors seldom produce a pronouncedshort circuit, HCR fuses or circuitbreakers alone do not offer sufficientprotection.All capacitors featured in this cata-log are consequently fitted with adisconnector that responds only tooverpressure. If numerous electric

breakdowns occur over time or asthe result of thermal or electricoverload (within IEC 831 specifica-tion), the formation of gas pro-duces a rise in pressure inside thecapacitor case. This causes achange in length because of curva-ture of the lid or stretching of theexpansion bead. Expansionbeyond a certain degree will sepa-rate the internal wires and discon-nect the capacitor from the line.

FAILURE TO FOLLOWCAUTIONS (P. 10–13) MAYRESULT, WORST CASE, IN PREMATURE FAILURES,BURSTING AND FIRE.

Caution:

To ensure full functionality of anoverpressure disconnector, thefollowing is required:

1. The elastic elements must notbe hindered, i.e.– connecting lines must be

flexible leads (cables),– there must be sufficient

space for expansion abovethe connections (stated forthe different models),

– folding beads must not beretained by clamps.

2. Maximum allowed fault currentof 10 000 A in accordance withUL 810-standard must not beexceeded.

3. Stress parameters of thecapacitor must be withinIEC 831 specification.

Solid connected

Overpressure disconnector activated

Pressure

Expansion topExpansion bead

Overpressure disconnector

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Temperature class of capacitors (according IEC 831-1)

Frequency Max. voltage Max. duration Remarks50/60 Hz (Vrms)Line frequency 1.00 * VR Continuous duty Highest mean during entire operating time

of capacitor; exceptions (see below) are admissible for times of < 24 h

Line frequency 1.10 * VR 8 h daily Line voltage fluctuationsLine frequency 1.15 * VR 30 min daily Line voltage fluctuationsLine frequency 1.20 * VR 5 min daily Line voltage fluctuationsLine frequency 1.30 * VR 1 min daily Line voltage fluctuationsLine frequency Such that current does not exceed maximum admissible figure (Imax. = 1.3 * IR)with harmonics

Enclosure First digit Second digitIP00 No protection against finger touch and ingress of solid foreign bodies No protection against ingress

of waterIP20 Protection against finger touch and solid foreign bodies ≥ 12.5 mm diameter No protection against ingress

of waterIP41 Protection against tool touch and solid foreign bodies ≥ 1 mm diameter Drip-water protection

IP54 Protection against tool touch and solid foreign bodies ≥ 1 mm diameter, Splash water protectionprotection against dust deposit

Enclosure of capacitors (IPxx)

Maximum admissible overvoltage

Temperature class Temperature of capacitor surrounding air

Maximum Maximum mean for 24 h Maximum mean for 1 yearB 45 °C 35 °C 25 °C

C 50 °C 40 °C 30 °C

D 55 °C 45 °C 35 °C

Temperature class of capaci-tors to standard IEC 831-1

Capacitors are divided into tem-perature classes. Each class isrepresented by a number followedby a letter, e.g. –25/D. The numberis the lowest ambient temperatureat which a capacitor may operate.The upper limit temperature isindicated by the letter (see tableabove).The useful life of a capacitordepends very much on tempera-ture. Proper cooling of a capacitormust ensure that the maximumtemperature is not exceeded, other-wise useful life is degraded. Whenconfiguring a circuit, one shouldmake sure that capacitors are notsubjected to heat from adjacentcomponents (reactors, bus bars,etc). Forced cooling is preferablefor compact designs. And it ishighly inadvisable to arrangecapacitors directly above reactors.Exeeding specified temperaturelimits may set in worst case thesafety device out of operation.

Enclosure of capacitors (IPxx)For different models there aredifferent types of enclosure. Thetype of enclosure is indicated by adesignation consisting of the twoletters IP followed by two digits.

Current rating/maximumadmissible overcurrent

The rated current (IR) is the currentresulting for rated voltage (VR)and frequency (in Hz), excludingtransients. Maximum permitted RMScurrent for each particular capacitoris specified in the data sheet.Continuously exceeding of the nomi-nal current will lead to increasedself-heating of the capacitor andreduce life time. The maximumadmissible overcurrent (Imax) of 1.3*IRto IEC standard 831 is maintainedby all capacitors in this catalog. Thefigures for overcurrent allow for thecombined effects of harmonics, over-voltage and capacitance tolerance.

Maximum admissible overvoltageCapacitors from EPCOS are suit-able for operation on overvoltages

quoted by IEC 831 (see table).Overvoltages higher than 1.15*VR

reduce life time of the capacitorand must not occur more than 200times during life time of capacitor.Overvoltages above 1.3*VR mustnot occur at all, appropriate over-voltage protection (e.g. againstlightning strikes) must be ensured.

Mean life expectancyThe mean life expectancy of powercapacitors is mainly governed bythe following factors:– duration of overload,– ambient temperature and the

resulting case temperature,– maximum rms current and the

resulting case temperature,– voltage height and duration.The calculated life expectancy ofthe various series is stated fornominal operating conditions.If components are stressed lessthan the IEC 831 factors, longeruseful life can be expected, anda correspondingly shorter one orincreased failure rate if nominalparameters are exceeded.

Cautions

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Fuse protectionPower capacitors have to be pro-tected against short circuits byfuses or thermal magnetic overcur-rent relays. Slow-blow, low-voltagehigh-breaking-capacity fuses (HRC)are preferable. The fuse ratingshould be 1.6 to 1.8 times the ratedcurrent of the capacitor. Magneticshort circuit relays should be set tobetween 9 and 12 times rated cur-rent to prevent them responding tohigh inrush currents. Maximumallowed fault current of 10 000 A inaccordance with UL 810 standardmust be ensured by the applicationdesign.

HRC fuses must not be usedfor switching. Resulting electricarcing can cause death! It mayalso cause capacitor failures, andresult, worst case, in capacitorbursting and fire.

Switching of capacitorsWhen a capacitor is switched to anAC system, the result is a resonantcircuit damped to a greater or less-er degree. In addition to the ratedcurrent, the capacitor accepts atransient current that is a multipleof (up to 200 times) its rated cur-rent. Fast switching, low-bouncecontactors should be used, andhave the switching capacity forcapacitive currents stated by theproducer. Special capacitor con-tactors with leading contacts thatfeature precharging resistors todamp inrush currents are recom-mended. As per IEC 831 standard,a maximum of 5 000 switchingoperations per year is acceptable.Before considering a highernumber of switching operations,please contact EPCOS.

DischargingCapacitors must be discharged toa maximum of 10 % of rated volt-age before they are switched inagain. This prevents an electric

impulse discharge in the applica-tion, influences the capacitor‘suseful life in PFC systems, andprotects against electric shock.The capacitor must be dischargedto 75 V or less within 3 min. Theremust not be any switch, fuse orany other disconnecting devicein the circuit between the powercapacitor and the dischargingdevice. EPCOS supplies capacitordischarge resistors to all series,alternatively discharge reactorsare available.

Caution: Discharge and shortcircuit capacitor before handling!

Capacitors in networks withharmonicsHarmonics are produced in theoperation of electric loads with anonlinear voltage/current charac-teristic (e.g. rectifiers and invertersfor drives, welding apparatus anduninterruptible power supplies).Harmonics are sinusoidal voltagesand currents with higher frequen-cies of a multiple of the 50 or 60 Hzline frequency. In low-voltage three-phase systems the 5th and7th harmonics are especiallytroublesome. Detuned capacitorsshould be used for power factorcorrection in systems subject toharmonics. These represent aseries resonant circuit of powercapacitor and reactor. The circuit istuned so that the series resonantfrequency is below the lowestharmonics appearing in the system.This produces an inductiveresponse to all frequencies abovethe series resonant frequency,avoiding resonances with systeminductances. Depending on theselected series resonant frequency,part of the harmonic current istaken up by the detuned powercapacitors. The remainder of theharmonic current flows into thesuperordinate system. The use ofdetuned power capacitors thuscontributes to reducing voltage

distortion through harmonics andlessens the disturbing effect onproper operation of other electricloads.Most international standards limitTHD-V on LV side to 5 %. Howeverit has to be noted that in manygrids these levels are exceededand even lower distortion, e.g.3–4 % THD-V can generateextreme overcurrents in case ofresonance condition.Maximum overcurrents as specifiedunder technical data of each seriesmust not be exceeded.Resonance must be avoided byappropriate panel design.Resonance may cause very highovercurrents which can lead tocapacitor failures, and worst case,to explosion and fire.

InstallationSpecifications like IEC 61921,VDE 0100, VDE 0101, VDE 0560part 4 and 46, EN 60831 andIEC 831 apply to the installationand operation of power capacitors.Capacitors should be sited in cooland well ventilated locations awayfrom other heat-radiating elements.Natural heat dissipation is generallysufficient for cooling purposes ifenough air is able to flow to andaway from them and the capacitorsare spaced at least 50 mm apart.Otherwise, in a less well ventilatedenvironment, forced cooling (fans)will be necessary, scaled so thatthe maximum admissible ambienttemperature is not exceeded.Useful life of capacitors stronglydepends on the operating tempera-ture (refer to page 11, temperatureclasses of capacitors).Exceeding maximum allowed tem-perature may set the safety deviceout of operation.

FAILURE TO FOLLOWCAUTIONS (P. 10–13) MAYRESULT, WORST CASE, IN PREMATURE FAILURES,

Cautions

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Mechanical damage:In case of dents or any other mechanical damage, capacitors must not be used at all.

Vibration resistance:The resistance to vibration of capacitors corresponds to IEC 68, part 2–6.Max. test conditions:

Test duration 2 h corresponding to max. 0.7 g

Frequency range 10 ... 55 Hz corresponding to max. 0.7 g

Displacement amplitude 0.75 mm corresponding to max. 0.7 g

These figures apply to the capacitor alone.

Because the fixing and the terminals may influence the vibration properties, it isnecessary to check stability when a capacitor is built in and exposed to vibration.Irrespective of this, you are advised not to locate capacitors where vibrationamplitude reaches the maximum in strongly vibrating equipment.

Connection:Make sure connection cables are of flexible type or flexible copper bands are used.This is mandatory to allow the overpressure disconnector work and avoid mechanicalstress on the terminals and feedthroughs.

The connection cables to the capacitor should be designed for a current of at least1.5 times the rated current so that no heat is conducted into the capacitor. If reactorsare used in an application, the distance between reactor and capacitor must be greatenough so that no heat of the reactors, which are operating at a much higher tem-perature level, is conducted via connection cable to the capacitors.

Avoid bending cable lugs, cables or other mechanical force on the terminals.Otherwise leakages may set the safety device out of operation.

Ensure firm fixing of terminals, fixing torque to be applied as per individual specification.

Maximum specified terminal current (please refer to technical data of specific series)must not be exceeded at any case.

Grounding:The threaded bottom stud of the capacitor has to be used for grounding. In casegrounding is done via metal chassis that the capacitor is mounted to, the layer ofvarnish beneath the washer and nut should be removed.

Storage and operating conditions:Do not use or store capacitors in corrosive atmosphere, especially where chloridegas, sulfide gas, acid, alkali, salt or the like are present. In dusty environments regularmaintenance and cleaning especially of the terminals is required to avoid conductivepath between phases and/or phases and ground.

FAILURE TO FOLLOW CAUTIONS (P. 10–13) MAY RESULT, WORST CASE,IN PREMATURE FAILURES, BURSTING AND FIRE.

Test duration 2 h

Frequency range 10 ... 55 Hz corresponding to max. 0.7 g

Displacement amplitude 0.75 mm

Cautions

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PFC controller

Capacitorcontactor

Harmonicssuppressionreactor

Transformer

Low voltage

Grid high voltage

Protection

M3~

M3~

Load structure

Dischargereactor

Dynamic PFC

Current transformer

Capacitor

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Overview

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PFC capacitorsPhaseCap Premium .............. 16PhaseCap HD ...................... 23WindCap .............................. 27PhiCap .................................. 32MKVCap .............................. 41

PFC controllersBR604 and BR6000 series .... 44

Capacitor contactors .... 50

ReactorsAntiresonanceharmonic filter reactor .......... 54Discharge reactor.................. 60

Dynamic power factorcorrectionThyristor module TSM-LC ................................ 62

Fundamentals of PFCGeneral information................ 66Formulas ................................ 68Cautions, installation and maintenance.................... 71Selection tables...................... 75Detuned filtering .................... 77Table of required kvar ............ 79Component selection table .... 80

16 EPCOS AG

General

PhaseCap capacitors in cylindricalaluminum cases have beendesigned for power factor correc-tion in low-voltage plant. Loads likemotors and transformers consumeactive power as well as reactivepower. Generators, supply cablesand other electrical distributionequipment, in turn, should berelieved of reactive power. TheMKK (metalized plastic compact)

AC series (> 5.0 to 33.8 kvar) isintended to increase packing den-sity per bank and cut componentcosts. Improved thermal responseand simplified installation areadvantages of the cylindricalaluminum case.

PhaseCap Premium PFC CapacitorsGas-impregnated Dry type Concentric winding Wavy cut Triple safety system

Applications

Automatic PFC equip-ment, capacitor banks

Individual fixed PFC (e.g. motors, transformers,lighting)

Group fixed PFC Tuned and detuned

capacitor banks

Features

Electrical Long life expectancy High pulse current

withstand capability (up to 200 * IR)

Corona-free

Mechanical andmaintenance Reduced mounting costs Maintenance-free

Safety Self-healing Overpressure

disconnector Touch-proof terminals Longterm approved

Environmental Dry design, inert gas No oil leakage

Please read information about PFC capacitors and cautions, page 8–13, and installation and maintenance instructions, page 71–74, to ensure optimumperformance and prevent products from failing, and in worst case, bursting and fire, etc. Products shown in this catalog reflect typical specifications.

17EPCOS AG


The compact PhaseCap capacitor isa self-healing, metalized polypropy-lene film capacitor. The current-carrying metal layer (electrode) isvapor-deposited onto one side ofthe film.

Compact design – low height,weight and volume

Three electrically separated capaci-tor elements are wound concentri-cally in a single operation onto aninsulated metal core tube, whichguarantees excellent winding preci-sion. The electrodes are connectedby metal spraying the face ends ofthe winding elements. The capacitorelements are star, delta or seriesconnected.

The compact MKK winding ele-ments are housed in a cylindricalaluminum case and hermeticallysealed by a press-rolled metal lid.

Triple safety system

Dry technology: instead of a liquidimpregnating agent, the capacitoris filled with gas. So there is norisk of leaking oil.

Self-healing: the capacitor repairsitself after overload (to IEC 831).

Overpressure disconnector: Refer to page 10.

Innovative and reliable SIGUTconnection technology

SIGUT terminals ensure reliableand straightforward connection,even in a parallel capacitor circuit,with benefits like: Simplified parallel connection, Protection against electric

shock hazard (IP20 to VDE 0106part 100),

Separate connection of discharge resistors,

Clamping device to preventloosening of screws,

Cable cross-sections up to16 mm2,

Max. 50 A total RMS current.

Life expectancy of up to 115 000 hours

After a long drying phase undervacuum to eliminate moisture fromthe active element, the capacitoris impregnated. The case is filledwith inert gas and sealed. Thenroutine tests are performed forgas leakage.

This production process helps toavoid oxidation and partial dis-charges (corona effect), promotingcapacitance stability over a longperiod, an essential in detuned PFC.

High inrush current withstandcapability is crucial

Capacitors used for power factorcorrection undergo a lot of switch-ing operations. The high inrushcurrents that go along with thismust be handled without degradinglife expectancy. The pulse strengthof this technology comes in partic-ular from the enlarged, sensitivecontact area (improved metalspraying). The breakthrough camewith a Siemens patent called thewavy cut, plus heavy-edge filmdesign. PhaseCap capacitors can

handle inrush currents of up to 200times rated current (max. 5 000switching operations p.a. accord-ing to IEC 831 standard).


18 EPCOS AG

Detail B

Compact windingwith C1,2,3

Connected

Detail A

Disconnected

Overpressure tear-off fuse

Terminal block

Standards IEC 831-1+2, EN 60831-1+2, UL 810 5th edition

Overvoltage Vmax VR + 10% (up to 8 h daily) / VR + 15% (up to 30 min daily) /VR + 20% (up to 5 min daily) / VR + 30% (up to 1 min daily)

Overcurrent Imax 1.5 * IR (including combined effects of harmonics, overvoltages andcapacitance tolerance)

Inrush current IS up to 200 * IR

Losses:– Dielectric < 0.2 W/kvar– Total < 0.45 W/kvar

Rated frequency f 50/60 Hz

Capacitance tolerance –5% / +10%

Test voltage, terminal/terminal VTT 2.15 * VR1, AC, 10 s

Test voltage, terminal/case VTC up to VR ≤ 660 V: 3000 VAC, 10 s; above VR = 660 V: 6000 VAC, 10 s

Mean life expectancy t LD(Co) up to 115 000 h

Ambient temperature –25/D; max. temp. 55 °C; max. mean 24 h = 45 °C; max. mean 1 year = 35 °C; lowest temperature = – 25 °C

Cooling natural or forced

Humidity Hrel max. 95%

Altitude max. 4 000 m above sea level

Mounting position random

Mounting and grounding threaded M12 stud on bottom of case

Safety dry technology, overpressure disconnector, self-healing, maximum allowed fault current 10 000 A in accordance with UL 810-standard

Discharge resistors discharge module included

Case extruded aluminum

Enclosure IP20, indoor mounting (optionally with terminal cap for IP54)

Dielectric polypropylene film

Impregnation inert gas

Terminals SIGUT terminal strip with electric shock protection (IP20), (VDE 0106 part 100), max. 16 mm2 cable cross-section, max. current 50 A

Certification cUL file # E238746

Number of switching operations max. 5 000 switchings per year according to IEC831


Technical Data and Limit Values


Overpressure disconnector (tear-off fuse)

19EPCOS AG

MKK230-D-05-01 5.0 13.1 6.3 15.7 3 * 104 121 x 164 1.3 B25667A2317A375 6

MKK230-D-07.5-01 7.5 18.8 9.0 22.6 3 * 150 121 x 164 1.3 B25667A2457A375 6

MKK230-D-10-01 10.4 26.1 12.5 31.4 3 * 209 121 x 164 1.5 B25667A2627A375 6

MKK230-D-12.5-01 12.5 31.4 15.01) 38.21) 3 * 250 121 x 200 1.7 B25667A2757A375 4

Type 50 Hz 60 Hz CR d x h Weight Ordering code Packing

Output IR Output IRunit 2)

kvar A kvar A µF mm kg

Rated voltage 230 VAC, 50/60 Hz, delta connection

MKK400-D-05-01 5.0 7.2 6.0 8.7 3 * 33 121 x 164 1.2 B25667A3996A375 6

MKK400-D-07.5-01 7.5 10.8 9.0 13.0 3 * 50 121 x 164 1.2 B25667A3147A375 6

MKK400-D-10-01 10.4 15.0 12.5 18.0 3 * 69 121 x 164 1.3 B25667A3207A375 6

MKK400-D-12.5-01 12.5 18.0 15.0 21.7 3 * 83 121 x 164 1.3 B25667A3247A375 6

MKK400-D-15-01 15.0 21.7 18.0 26.0 3 * 100 121 x 164 1.5 B25667A3297A375 6

MKK400-D-20-01 20.8 30.0 25.0 36.0 3 * 138 142 x 200 2.0 B25667A3417A375 4

MKK400-D-25-01 25.0 36.0 30.0 39.41) 3 * 166 142 x 200 2.2 B25667A3497A375 4


MKK415-D-05-01 5.0 7.0 6.0 8.4 3 * 31 121 x 164 1.2 B25667A4926A375 6

MKK415-D-06.3-01 6.3 8.7 7.5 10.4 3 * 39 121 x 164 1.2 B25667A4117A375 6

MKK415-D-10-01 10.4 14.5 12.5 17.4 3 * 64 121 x 164 1.2 B25667A4197A375 6

MKK415-D-12.5-01 12.5 17.4 15.0 20.9 3 * 77 121 x 164 1.3 B25667A4237A375 6

MKK415-D-15-01 15.0 20.9 18.0 25.1 3 * 93 121 x 164 1.4 B25667A4277A375 6

MKK415-D-16.7-01 16.7 23.3 20.0 27.9 3 * 103 121 x 164 1.5 B25667A4307A375 6

MKK415-D-20-01 20.8 29.0 25.01) 34.81) 3 * 128 121 x 200 1.7 B25667A4387A375 4

MKK415-D-25-01 25.0 34.8 30.01) 41.81) 3 * 154 142 x 200 2.1 B25667A4467A375 4


1) Temperature class deviation –25/B max. 45 °C2) Packing units for capacitors equal minimum order quantity. Orders will be rounded up to packing unit

or multiple thereof.

MKK440-D-05-01 5.0 6.6 6.0 7.9 3 * 27 121 x 164 1.2 B25667A4826A375 6

MKK440-D-07.5-01 7.5 9.9 9.0 11.8 3 * 41 121 x 164 1.2 B25667A4127A375 6

MKK440-D-10-01 10.4 13.7 12.5 16.4 3 * 57 121 x 164 1.3 B25667A4177A375 6

MKK440-D-11.2-01 11.2 14.7 13.4 17.7 3 * 61 121 x 164 1.4 B25667A4187A375 6

MKK440-D-12.5-01 12.5 16.4 15.0 19.7 3 * 69 121 x 164 1.4 B25667A4207A375 6

MKK440-D-14.2-01 14.2 18.7 17.0 22.4 3 * 78 121 x 164 1.5 B25667A4237A365 6

MKK440-D-15-01 15.0 19.7 18.0 23.6 3 * 82 121 x 164 1.6 B25667A4247A375 6

MKK440-D-18.8-01 18.8 24.7 22.6 29.6 3 * 103 142 x 200 2.0 B25667A4307A365 4

MKK440-D-20-01 20.8 27.3 25.0 32.8 3 * 114 142 x 200 2.1 B25667A4347A375 4

MKK440-D-25-01 25.0 32.8 30.01) 39.41) 3 * 137 142 x 200 2.3 B25667A4417A375 4

MKK440-D-28-01 28.2 37.0 33.81) 44.41) 3 * 154 142 x 200 2.5 B25667A4467A365 4

MKK440-D-30-01 30.0 39.4 – – 3 * 164 142 x 200 2.5 B25667S4497J375 4



Three-Phase Capacitors

Customized products available upon request. Minimum order quantity 200 pieces.


20 EPCOS AG

Discharge resistors included

Dischargeresistorset

MKK480-D-05-01 5.0 6.0 6.0 7.2 3 * 23 121 x 164 1.1 B25667A4696A375 6

MKK480-D-06.5-01 6.5 7.5 7.8 9.0 3 * 29 121 x 164 1.2 B25667A4866A375 6

MKK480-D-08.3-01 8.3 10.0 10.0 12.0 3 * 38 121 x 164 1.2 B25667A4117A375 6

MKK480-D-10-01 10.4 12.5 12.5 15.0 3 * 48 121 x 164 1.3 B25667A4147A375 6

MKK480-D-12.5-01 12.5 15.1 15.0 18.1 3 * 58 121 x 164 1.5 B25667A4177A365 6

MKK480-D-15-01 15 18.1 18.0 21.7 3 * 69 121 x 200 1.7 B25667A4207A365 4

MKK480-D-16.7-01 16.7 20.0 20.1 24.0 3 * 77 121 x 200 1.8 B25667A4237A355 4

MKK480-D-20-01 20.8 25.0 25.0 30.1 3 * 96 142 x 200 2.2 B25667A4287A375 4

MKK480-D-25-01 25.0 30.0 30.01) 36.11) 3 * 115 142 x 200 2.4 B25667A4347A365 4

MKK480-D-31-01 31.0 37.0 – – 3 * 143 142 x 200 2.4 B25667S4427J375 4





MKK525-D-06.3-01 6.3 6.9 7.5 8.3 3 * 24 121 x 164 1.1 B25667A5726A375 6

MKK525-D-08.3-01 8.3 9.2 10.0 11.0 3 * 32 121 x 164 1.2 B25667A5966A375 6

MKK525-D-10-01 10.4 11.5 12.5 13.7 3 * 40 121 x 164 1.4 B25667A5127A375 6

MKK525-D-12.5-01 12.5 13.8 15.0 16.5 3 * 48 121 x 164 1.5 B25667A5147A375 6

MKK525-D-15-01 15.0 16.5 18.0 19.8 3 * 58 121 x 200 1.7 B25667A5177A375 4

MKK525-D-16.7-01 16.7 18.4 20.0 22.1 3 * 64 121 x 200 1.8 B25667A5197A375 4

MKK525-D-20-01 20.8 22.9 25.0 27.5 3 * 80 142 x 200 2.2 B25667A5247A375 4

MKK525-D-25-01 25.0 27.5 30.01) 33.01) 3 * 96 142 x 200 2.5 B25667A5287A375 4

MKK525-D-30-01 30 33 – – 3 * 115 142 x 200 2.4 B25667A5347J375 4








21EPCOS AG

MKK230-I-05-01 5.2 22.6 6.2 27.0 313 121 x 164 1.1 B25667A2317A175 6

MKK230-I-08.3-01 8.3 36.2 10.0 44.0 502 121 x 164 1.3 B25667A2507A175 6

Rated voltage 230 VAC, 50/60 Hz




MKK400-I-7.5-01 7.5 18.8 9.0 22.5 149 121 x 164 1.1 B25667A3147A175 6

MKK400-I-8.3-01 8.3 20.8 10.0 25.0 166 121 x 164 1.1 B25667A3167A175 6

MKK400-I-12.5-01 12.5 31.2 15.0 37.5 249 121 x 164 1.3 B25667A3247A175 6


MKK525-I-12.5-01 12.5 23.8 15.0 28.6 144 121 x 164 1.5 B25667A5147A175 6

MKK525-I-15-01 15 28.6 18.0 34.3 173 121 x 200 1.7 B25667A5177A175 4


Plastic protective case for capacitor

Capacitor Ø For cable gland Cable diameter outside Dimensions Ordering code

l1 l2 l3 h

mm mm mm

121 x 164 IP54 9–13 134 110 177 243 B44066X9122A000

121 x 200 / 142 x 200 IP54 10–18 154.5 130.5 186 280 B44066X9142A000

Plastic protective terminal cover

Capacitor Ø For cable gland Cable diameter outside Dimensions Ordering code

Ø d1 Ø d2

mm mm mm

121 x 164 PG 13,5 9–13 116 125 B44066K1211A000

121 x 200 PG 16 10–14 116 125 B44066K1212A000

142 x 200 PG 21 14–18 137 145 B44066K1421A000


Single-Phase Capacitors


1) Packing units for capacitors equal minimum order quantity. Orders will be rounded up to packing unit or multiple thereof.

Protective casefor capacitor

Protectiveterminal cover


22 EPCOS AG

KLK1393-M

5±0.

516

+1 M12

19.6

±0.5

16.8±0,5

Marking

h+

40

d ±

1h

± 2

KLK1394-V

18

SW17

ø22

Creepage distance 12.7 mm min.

Clearance 9.6 mm min.

Nut C61010-A415-C15

Hex nutBM 12 DIN 439or

Toothed washerJ 12.5 DIN 6797

TorqueT = 10 Nm

TorqueT = 1.2 Nm

Impregnating hole

1 2

717

68.5

ø24h ±

3 15.5 ø8

KLK1392-E

l 3

ø27

l ± 1

l ± 1

KLK1645

ød1

821

1)54

ød 2

Cable gland

Capacitor Protective case for capacitor

Protective cover for terminal

Mounting

1) Perforation for second cable gland


Dimensional Drawings


23EPCOS AG

General

The new PhaseCap HD series isa follow-on development of theMKK AC series, covering thepower range above 40 through60 kvar with just one capacitor ina cylindrical aluminum case. ThePhaseCap HD is especially intend-ed for industrial applications withdemands for long life, constantcapacitance and high inrush cur-rent withstand capability, up to200 * IR.

Such applications require typicalpower steps of 25 or 50 kvarswitched by a PFC controller viaeach capacitor contactor. The newMKK AC series was developed toincrease packing density per bankand cut component costs.This means 60 kvar with only onecapacitor in a cylindrical aluminumcase, improved thermal responseand simplified installation.

PhaseCap HD PFC CapacitorsHeavy-duty type 50 kvar Gas-impregnated Wavy cut

Applications

Power factor correction Detuned capacitor banks

Features

Electrical Up to 60 kvar per case Low losses High pulse current

withstand capability (up to 200* IR)

Corona-free

Mechanical andmaintenance Reduced mounting costs Maintenance-free


disconnector Touch-proof terminals Long-term approved



24 EPCOS AG

The compact PhaseCap HDcapacitor is a self-healing, metal-ized polypropylene film capacitor. The current-carrying metal layer(electrode) is vapor-depositedonto one side of the film.


The entire capacitor is composedof three single-phase elementstacks. The electrodes are con-nected by metal spraying the faceends of the winding elements.The capacitor elements are deltaconnected. The winding elementsare housed in a cylindrical alu-minum case and hermeticallysealed by a press-rolled metal lid.


Dry technology: instead of aliquid impregnating agent, thecapacitor is filled with gas. Sothere is no risk of leaking oil.

Self-healing: the capacitorrepairs itself after overload (toIEC 831).

Overpressure disconnector: refer to page 10.


SIGUT terminals ensure reliableand straightforward connection,with benefits like: Protection against electric


Separate connection of dischargeresistors,


Cable cross-sections up to35 mm2,


Life expectancy of up to 130 000 operating hours

After a long drying phase undervacuum to eliminate moisture fromthe active element, the capacitor isimpregnated. The case is filled withinert gas and sealed. Then routinetests are performed for gas leakage.


Highest inrush current with-stand capability is crucial

Capacitors used for power factorcorrection undergo a lot of switch-ing operations. The high inrushcurrents that go along with thismust be handled without degradinguseful life. The pulse strength ofthis technology comes in particularfrom the enlarged, sensitive con-tact area (improved metal spray-ing). The breakthrough came with aSiemens patent called the wavycut, plus heavy-edge film design.

PhaseCap HD capacitors canhandle inrush currents of up to200 times rated current (max.5 000 switching operations p.a.according to IEC 831 standard).



25EPCOS AG





Overcurrent Imax 1.5 * IR including combinded effects of harmonics, overvoltages and capacitance tolerance






Test voltage, terminal/case VTC up to VR = ≤660 V: 3 000 VAC, 10 s






Mounting position upright



Discharge resistors discharge module included in delivery

Case extruded aluminum can

Enclosure IP20, indoor mounting




Number of switching operations max. 5 000 switchings per year according to IEC 831

Winding elements

Connected

Detail A Detail B

DisconnectedTear-off fuse disconnected

Terminal block



26 EPCOS AG


MKK400-D-40-21 40 58 48 69 3 * 265 142 x 317 4,4 B25669A3796J375 2

MKK400-D-50-21 50 72 601) 871) 3 * 332 142 x 355 4.7 B25669A3996J375 2

MKK 400 series: Rated voltage 400 VAC, 50/60 Hz, delta connection




kvar A kvar A µF mm v

MKK440-D-40-21 40 52 48 63 3 * 219 142 x 317 4.4 B25669A4657J375 2

MKK440-D-50-21 50 66 601) 791) 3 * 274 142 x 355 4.7 B25669A4827J375 2


MKK525-D-40-21 40 44 48 53 3 * 154 142 x 355 4.7 B25669A5467J375 2

KLK1393-M

5±0

.516

+1 M12

32±

0.5

24± 0.5

Marking

TorqueT = 10 Nm

TorqueT = 2.5 Nm

Impregnating hole

Creepage distance 15 mm min.

Clearance 12 mm min.

h+5

1

d (1

42–1

.5)

h ±2

KLK1394-V

Nut C61010-A415-C15



18

SW17

ø22

Capacitor Mounting



(suitable also for 415 V with 7.6% higher output)





27EPCOS AG

WindCap PFC CapacitorsFor PFC in wind turbines 690 V grids Harmonic filtering applications

General

WindCap heavy-duty AC capaci-tors in cylindrical aluminum caseshave been designed for powerfactor correction and harmonicsfiltering in wind turbine and indus-trial applications with 690 Vrequirements.

The new WindCap series demon-strates excellent performance intough conditions. Highest reliabilityand low life cycle cost are achievedby a mean life expectancy of up to130 000 hours.

Wind turbine generators have apower factor < 1, meaning thatproducers have to add powerfactor correction to improve per-formance.

WindCap capacitors provide relieffrom reactive power and reduceohmic losses in transformers,supply cables and other electricaldistribution equipment.

Features

Electrical Low losses High pulse current


Corona-free

Mechanical andmaintenance Reduced mounting costs Any mounting position Maintenance-free

Safety Self-healing Overpressure disconnector Touch-proof terminals

(IP 20) Long-term approved

MKK AC design &technology


Applications

Wind turbine generatorapplications

Industrial applicationswith distorted electricalnetworks

Harmonic filtering For 690/800 V grids


28 EPCOS AG

The compact WindCap capacitor is a self-healing, metalized poly-propylene film capacitor using MKK technology with self-healingproperties. The current-carryingmetal layer (electrode) is vapor-deposited onto one side of the film.


Three electrically separate capaci-tor elements are wound concentri-cally in a single operation onto aninsulated metal core tube, whichguarantees excellent winding pre-cision. The electrodes are connect-ed by metal spraying the face endsof the winding elements.

The capacitor elements are deltaconnected to minimize losses.The compact MKK winding ele-ments are housed in a cylindricalaluminum case and hermeticallysealed by a press-rolled metal lid.


Dry technology: instead of aliquid impregnating agent, thecapacitor is filled with gas. Sothere is no risk of leaking oil.

Self-healing: the capacitorrepairs itself after overload(to IEC 831).



SIGUT terminals ensure reliableand straightforward connection,even in a parallel capacitor circuit,with benefits like: Simplified parallel connection, Protection against electric


Separate connection ofdischarge resistors,


Cable cross-sections up to 16 mm2,


Life expectancy of up to130 000 operating hours

After a long drying phase undervacuum to eliminate moisture fromthe active element, the capacitoris impregnated. The case is filledwith inert gas and sealed. Thenroutine tests are performed forgas leakage.



Capacitors used for power factorcorrection undergo a lot of switch-ing operations. The high inrushcurrents that go along with thismust be handled without degradinguseful life. The pulse strength ofthis technology comes in particular

from the enlarged, sensitive con-tact area (improved metal spray-ing). The breakthrough came witha Siemens patent called the wavycut, plus heavy-edge film design.WindCap capacitors can handleinrush currents of up to 300 timesrated current (max. 5 000 switchingoperations p.a. according IEC 831standard).



29EPCOS AG


Compact windingwith C1,2,3

Connected

Detail A Detail B

DisconnectedOverpressure tear-off fuse

Terminal block



Overcurrent Imax 1.5 * IR including combined effects of harmonics, overvoltages and capacitance tolerance






Test voltage, terminal/case VTC 6 000 VAC, 10 s






Mounting position random




Case extruded aluminum

Enclosure IP20, indoor mounting (optionally IP54)




Certification cUL file # E238746





30 EPCOS AG

MKK690-D-05-11 5 4.2 6 5 3 * 11 121 x 164 1.3 B25668A6336A375 6

MKK690-D-10-11 10 8.4 12 10.1 3 * 23 121 x 164 1.4 B25668A6676A375 6

MKK690-D-12.5-11 12.5 10.5 15 12.6 3 * 28 121 x 164 1.5 B25668A6836A375 6

MKK690-D-15-11 15 12.6 18 15.1 3 * 34 121 x 164 1.5 B25668A6107A375 6

MKK690-D-20-11 20.8 17.5 25 21 3 * 47 142 x 200 2.0 B25668A6137A375 4

MKK690-D-25-11 25 21 30 25.1 3 * 56 142 x 200 2.2 B25668A6167A375 4






MKK800-D-5-11 5 3.6 6 4.3 3 * 8 121 x 164 1.2 B25668A7246A375 6

MKK800-D-10-11 10 7.2 12 8.7 3 * 17 121 x 164 1.3 B25668A7496A375 6

MKK800-D-12.5-11 12.5 9.0 15 11.0 3 * 21 121 x 164 1.4 B25668A7626A375 6

MKK800-D-15-11 15 11.0 18 13.0 3 * 25 121 x 164 1.5 B25668A7746A375 6

MKK800-D-20-11 20 14.5 24 17.3 3 * 33 142 x 200 2.0 B25668A7996A375 4

MKK800-D-25-11 25 18.0 30 22 3 * 41 142 x 200 2.3 B25668A7127A375 4

MKK800-D-28-11 28 20 33 24 3 * 46 142 x 200 2.4 B25668A7137A375 4


MKK765-D-30-11 30 23 36 28 3 * 55 142 x 200 2.4 B25668A7167J375 4

Plastic protective case for capacitor

For Degree l1 x h l3 l2 Weight Ordering codecapacitor diameter of protection

mm mm mm mm kg

121 x 164 IP54 134 x 243 177 110 0.3 B44066X9122A000

121 x 200 IP54 154 x 280 186 130.5 0.6 B44066X9142A000

142 x 200 IP54 154 x 280 186 130.5 0.6 B44066X9142A000

Plastic protective terminal cover

For For For cable ø d1 ø d2 Ordering codecapacitor diameter cable gland

mm mm mm mm

121 x 164 PG 13.5 9–13 116 125 B44066K1211A000

121 x 200 PG 16 10–14 116 125 B44066K1212A000

142 x 200 PG 21 14–18 137 145 B44066K1421A000



1) Packing units for capacitors equal minimum orderquantity. Orders will be rounded up to packing unit or multiple thereof.


Protective casefor capacitor

Protectiveterminal cover


31EPCOS AG

KLK1393-M

5±0.

516

+1 M12

19.6

±0.5

16.8±0,5

Marking

h+

40

d ±

1h

± 2

KLK1394-V

18

SW17

ø22

Creepage distance 12.7 mm min.

Clearance 9.6 mm min.

Nut C61010-A415-C15



TorqueT = 10 Nm

TorqueT = 1.2 Nm

Impregnating hole

1 2

717

68.5

ø24h ±

3 15.5 ø8

KLK1392-E

l 3

ø27

l ± 1

l ± 1

KLK1645

ød1

821

1)54

ød 2

Cable gland

Capacitor Protective case for capacitor


Mounting

1) Perforation for second cable gland




32 EPCOS AG

PhiCap PFC CapacitorsResin (Polyurethane) impregnated Stacked winding Dual safety system

General

PhiCaps are a tried and tested seriesof MKP (metalized polypropylene)capacitors from EPCOS which havebeen used for PFC applications formore than 15 years. The power range varies from 0.5 to 30.0 kvar and 0.7 to 6.0 kvar per single capacitor can, dependingon a three-phase or single-phase

capacitor design. The PhiCapcapacitor is especially intended forpower factor correction in industrialand semi-industrial applications.The capacitors are manufacturedusing metalized polypropylenefilm as the dielectric and housed ina cylindrical aluminum case.

Applications

Power factor correction(PFC)

Automatic capacitorbanks

Fixed PFC applications,e.g. motor compensation

Detuned PFC systems

Features

Electrical Up to 30 kvar per case for

three-phase applications Up to 6 kvar per case for

single-phase applications Long life expectancy up to

100 000 hours High pulse current with-

stand capability (up to200 * IR)

Mechanical &Maintenance Reduced mounting costs,

easy installation andconnection

Low weight and compactvolume

Maintenance-free


disconnector Insulated terminal (IP20)


33EPCOS AG


The PhiCap is a self-healing, metal-ized polypropylene film capacitor.The current-carrying AlZn metallayer is vapor-deposited onto oneside of the film.

Compact design – low weightand small volume

The entire three-phase capacitor iscomposed of three single-phaseelement stacks. The electrodes areconnected by metal spraying theface ends of the winding elements. The winding elements are encapsu-lated in a cylindrical aluminum caseand hermetically sealed either by apress-rolled metal lid or plastic diskwith fast-on terminals.

Dual safety system

Self-healing: the capacitor repairsitself after overload (to IEC 831standard). Self-healing capabilityprevents permanent dielectricbreakdown in case of sporadicvoltage surges, overcurrent orovertemperature (to IEC 831).


Connection technology

SIGUT block-type terminal forB32344 series– IP20– innovative clamping system

Fast-on terminals for B32340and B32343 series

Discharge resistors are includedin shipment.

PhiCap capacitor selection

To specify and select capacitors forPFC, several factors affecting theperformance and the expecteduseful life of the capacitors must beconsidered. Voltage Harmonics Temperature Total RMS current Inrush current/

switching operationsPermanent overvoltage shortensthe useful life of a capacitor. Thecapacitor’s rated voltage must beequal or higher than the operatingvoltage of the circuit to which it isconnected.

Harmonics produce overvoltageand overcurrent on the capacitorsthemselves. If the total harmonics

distortion level for voltage (THD-V)e.g. exceeds 5%, serious damage tothe installation may be caused bythe resonance of the circuit. In such cases usage of series re-actors (detuning) is recommended.

Operation of the capacitors abovethe upper category temperature levelwill accelerate degradation of thedielectric and shorten the capacitor’suseful life.

By keeping min. 20 mm spacing andPhiCap capacitors mounted inupright position, better thermal con-ditions will ensure best performanceand a longer useful life.

Residual voltage should not exceed10% of rated voltage for re-switchingcapacitors. During the charging peri-od of the capacitors the current is

very high – if they are connected inautomatic capacitor banks, it is verylikely that discharged capacitors areconnected to charged ones alreadyconnected to the grid. In suchcases the maximum permissiblecurrent peak reaches values up to150 * IR.

During the switching process ther-mal and electrodynamic stressesare developed caused by transientovercurrents of high amplitudeand frequency and may damagethe system. Capacitor contactorswith preloading resistors or series-inductance (cable twins betweencontactor and capacitor) will avoidexcessive transient currents.


34 EPCOS AG

Life expectancy of up to 100 000 operating hours

After a long drying phase toeliminate moisture from the activeelement, the capacitor is impreg-nated. The case is filled withbiodegradable soft resin.



Capacitors used for power factorcorrection undergo a lot of switch-ing operations. The high inrushcurrents that go along with thismust be handled without degradinguseful life. The pulse strength ofthis technology comes in particularfrom the enlarged, sensitive contactarea (improved metal spraying).

PhiCap capacitors can handleinrush currents of up to 200 timesrated current (max. 5 000 switchingoperations p.a. according to IEC831 standard).

Power factor improvement

Active power meter Apparentpower

Capacitor forcompensation

Reactivepower meter

GridP

SQ



35EPCOS AG

Overpressure disconnector

Detail A

Detail B

Double fast-on terminal

Disconnected

WindingC 1, 2, 3

Connected

Standards IEC 831-1+2, IS: 13340/41


Overcurrent Imax 1.5 * IR including combined effects of harmonics, overvoltages and capacitance




Capacitance tolerance –0%/+10%

Test voltage, terminal/terminal VTT 2.15 * VR; AC; 10 s

Test voltage, terminal/case VTC 3 000 VAC, 10s







Mounting and grounding threaded M 12 (10 Nm) for case size diam. > 53mmM 8 ( 4 Nm) for case size diam. ≤ 53mm

Safety Self-healing technology, overpressure disconnector, maximum allowed fault current 10 000 A in accordance with UL 810 standard



Enclosure IP20, indoor mounting (optional IP54)


Impregnation biodegradable soft resin

Terminals SIGUT screw terminals for B32344-series, max. current 50 A, max 16 mm2 cable cross section, fast-on terminals for B32340- & B32343-series





36 EPCOS AG

MKP230-D-0.5 0.5 1.3 0.6 1.6 3 * 10 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C2002A530 12

MKP230-D-0.7 0.7 1.9 0.9 2.3 3 * 15 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C2002A730 12

MKP230-D-1.0 1.0 2.5 1.2 3.0 3 * 20 63.5 x 129 0.30 B32343C2012A030 12

MKP230-D-1.5 1.5 3.8 1.8 4.6 3 * 30 63.5 x 129 0.40 B32343C2012A530 12

MKP230-D-2.5 2.5 6.3 3.0 7.6 3 * 50 79.5 x 198 0.60 B32344C2022A530 6

MKP230-D-5.0 5.0 12.6 6.0 15.1 3 * 100 89.5 x 273 1.70 B32344C2052A030 4

MKP230-D-7.5 7.5 18.8 9.0 22.6 3 * 150 89.5 x 273 2.10 B32344C2072A530 4

MKP230-D-10.0 10.0 25.1 12.0 30.2 3 * 200 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C2102A030 4





MKP400-D-1.0 1.0 1.4 1.2 1.7 3 * 7 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C4012A000 12

MKP400-D-1.5 1.5 2.2 1.8 2.6 3 * 10 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C4012A500 12

MKP400-D-2.0 2.0 2.9 2.4 3.5 3 * 13 63.5 x 129 0.40 B32343C4022A000 12

MKP400-D-2.5 2.5 3.6 3.0 4.3 3 * 17 63.5 x 129 0.40 B32343C4022A500 12

MKP400-D-5.0 5.0 7.2 6.0 8.6 3 * 33 63.5 x 129 0.40 B32343C4052A000 12

MKP400-D-6.3 6.3 9.1 7.5 10.8 3 * 42 79.5 x 198 0.60 B32344C4071A500 6

MKP400-D-7.5 7.5 10.9 9.0 13.1 3 * 50 79.5 x 198 0.90 B32344C4072A500 6

MKP400-D-8.3 8.3 12.0 10.0 14.4 3 * 55 79.5 x 198 0.90 B32344C4101A000 6

MKP400-D-10.0 10.0 14.4 12.0 17.3 3 * 66 79.5 x 198 0.90 B32344C4102A000 6

MKP400-D-12.5 12.5 18.1 15.0 21.7 3 * 83 89.5 x 273 1.30 B32344C4122A500 4

MKP400-D-15.0 15.0 21.7 18.0 26.0 3 * 99 89.5 x 273 1.70 B32344C4152A000 4

MKP400-D-20.0 20.0 28.9 24.0 34.7 3 * 132 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C4202A000 4

MKP400-D-25.0 25.0 36.1 30.0 43.3 3 * 166 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C4252A000 4


MKP415-D-1.0 1.0 1.4 1.2 1.6 3 * 6 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C4012A010 12

MKP415-D-1.5 1.5 2.1 1.8 2.4 3 * 9 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C4012A510 12

MKP415-D-2.0 2.0 2.8 2.4 3.4 3 * 12 53 x 114 0.40 B32343C4022A010 12

MKP415-D-2.5 2.5 3.5 3.0 4.2 3 * 15 63.5 x 129 0.40 B32343C4022A510 12

MKP415-D-5.0 5.0 7.0 6.0 8.4 3 * 31 63.5 x 154 0.40 B32343C4052A010 12

MKP415-D-6.3 6.3 8.8 7.5 10.6 3 * 39 79.5 x 198 0.60 B32344C4071A510 6

MKP415-D-7.5 7.5 10.4 9.0 12.5 3 * 46 79.5 x 198 0.60 B32344C4072A510 6

MKP415-D-10.0 10.0 13.9 12.0 16.7 3 * 61 79.5 x 198 0.80 B32344C4102A010 6

MKP415-D-12.5 12.5 17.4 15.0 20.9 3 * 77 89.5 x 273 1.30 B32344C4122A510 4

MKP415-D-15.0 15.0 20.9 18.0 25.1 3 * 92 89.5 x 273 1.30 B32344C4152A010 4

MKP415-D-20.0 20.0 27.8 24.0 33.0 3 * 123 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C4202A010 4

MKP415-D-25.0 25.0 34.8 30.0 41.7 3 * 154 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C4252A010 4







37EPCOS AG

MKP440-D-0.9 0.9 1.2 1.0 1.3 3 * 5 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C4011A040 12

MKP440-D-1.0 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.6 3 * 6 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C4012A040 12

MKP440-D-1.2 1.2 1.6 1.5 2.0 3 * 7 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C4011A540 12

MKP440-D-1.5 1.5 2.0 1.8 2.3 3 * 8 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C4012A540 12

MKP440-D-2.1 2.1 2.7 2.5 3.3 3 * 11 53 x 114 0.40 B32343C4021A540 12

MKP440-D-2.5 2.5 3.3 3.0 3.9 3 * 13 63.5 x 129 0.30 B32343C4022A540 12

MKP440-D-4.2 4.2 5.5 5.0 6.6 3 * 23 63.5 x 129 0.40 B32343C4051A040 12

MKP440-D-5.0 5.0 6.5 6.0 7.8 3 * 27 63.5 x 154 0.50 B32343C4052A040 12

MKP440-D-6.3 6.3 8.2 7.5 9.9 3 * 34 79.5 x 198 0.70 B32344C4071A540 6

MKP440-D-7.5 7.5 9.8 9.0 11.8 3 * 41 79.5 x 198 0.80 B32344C4072A540 6

MKP440-D-8.3 8.3 10.9 10.0 14.4 3 * 45 79.5 x 198 0.90 B32344C4101A040 6

MKP440-D-10.0 10.0 13.1 12.0 15.7 3 * 55 79.5 x 198 1.10 B32344C4102A040 6

MKP440-D-10.4 10.4 13.6 12.5 16.4 3 * 57 89.5 x 273 1.70 B32344C4121A540 4

MKP440-D-12.5 12.5 16.4 15.0 19.7 3 * 68 89.5 x 273 1.70 B32344C4151A040 4

MKP440-D-15.0 15.0 19.7 18.0 23.6 3 * 82 89.5 x 273 1.70 B32344C4152A040 4

MKP440-D-16.7 16.7 21.9 20.0 26.3 3 * 91 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C4201A040 4

MKP440-D-20.8 20.8 27.3 25.0 32.8 3 * 114 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C4251A040 4

MKP440-D-25.0 25.0 31.9 30.0 38.4 3 * 138 94.0 x 348 2.10 B32344C4252A040 2

MKP440-D-28.0 28.0 36.7 – – 3 * 154 94.0 x 348 2.10 B32344C4282A040 2



Output IR Output IRunit1)


MKP-480-D-1.5 1.5 1.8 1.8 2.2 3 * 7 63.5 x 129 0.40 B32343C4012A580 12

MKP-480-D-2.0 2.0 2.4 2.4 2.9 3 * 9 63.5 x 129 0.40 B32343C4022A080 12

MKP-480-D-2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.6 3 * 11 63.5 x 129 0.40 B32343C4022A580 12

MKP-480-D-5.0 5.0 6.0 6.0 7.2 3 * 23 79.5 x 198 0.80 B32344C4052A080 6

MKP-480-D-6.3 6.3 7.6 7.5 9.1 3 * 29 89.5 x 273 0.80 B32344C4071A580 4

MKP-480-D-7.5 7.5 9.1 8.9 10.8 3 * 34 89.5 x 273 0.80 B32344C4072A580 4

MKP-480-D-8.3 8.3 10.1 10.0 12.1 3 * 38 89.5 x 273 1.70 B32344C4101A080 4

MKP-480-D-10.4 10.4 12.5 12.5 15.0 3 * 48 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C4121A580 4

MKP-480-D-12.5 12.5 15.0 15.0 18.0 3 * 57 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C4151A080 4

MKP-480-D-15.0 15.0 18.1 18.0 21.7 3 * 69 89.5 x 348 1.70 B32344C4152A080 4

MKP-480-D-16.7 16.7 20.0 20.0 24.0 3 * 77 89.5 x 348 1.80 B32344C4162A780 4

MKP-480-D-20.8 20.8 25.0 25.0 30.1 3 * 96 89.5 x 348 2.00 B32344C4202A080 4


MKP-525-D-1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 3 * 4 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C5012A020 12

MKP-525-D-1.5 1.5 1.6 1.8 2.0 3 * 6 53 x 114 0.30 B32343C5012A520 12

MKP-525-D-2.0 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 3 * 8 63.5 x 129 0.40 B32343C5022A020 12

MKP-525-D-2.5 2.5 2.7 2.7 3.0 3 * 9 63.5 x 129 0.40 B32343C5022A520 12

MKP-525-D-5.0 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.6 3 * 19 79.5 x 198 0.44 B32344C5061A020 6

MKP-525-D-6.3 6.3 6.9 7.5 8.3 3 * 24 79.5 x 198 0.80 B32344C5071A520 6

MKP-525-D-8.3 8.3 9.2 10.0 11.0 3 * 32 89.5 x 273 1.30 B32344C5101A020 4

MKP-525-D-10.4 10.4 11.5 12.5 13.7 3 * 40 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C5121A520 4

MKP-525-D-12.5 12.5 13.7 15.0 16.5 3 * 48 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C5151A020 4

MKP-525-D-16.7 16.7 18.3 20.0 22.5 3 * 64 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C5201A020 4

MKP-525-D-20.0 20.0 22.9 25.0 27.5 3 * 80 89.5 x 348 2.00 B32344C5202A020 4

MKP-525-D-25.0 25.0 27.5 30.0 33.0 3 * 96 89.5 x 348 2.10 B32344C5252A020 4




Customized products available upon request. Minimum order quantity 200 pieces.1) Packing units for capacitors equal minimum order quantity. Orders will be rounded up to packing unit or multiple there of.


38 EPCOS AG

Capacitor B32343 series

Creepage distance 9.6 mm

Clearance 12.7 mm

Diameter d (ø) 79.5 mm / 89.5 mm

Diameter d1 (ø) 75.0 mm / 85.0 mm

Expansion max. 13 mm

Mounting

M12 M5

Torque T=10 Nm T=2.5 Nm

Toothedwasher J12.5 DIN 6797

Hex nut BM12 DIN 439


Creepage distance 10.5 mm (ø 53) 10.0 mm (ø 63.5)

Clearance 13.0 mm (ø 53) 16.5 mm (ø 63.5)

Diameter (ø) 53 mm63.5 mm


Mounting

M12 M8(ø 63.5 mm) (ø 53 mm)

Torque T=10 Nm T=4 Nm

Toothed J12.5 J8.0 washer DIN 6797 DIN 6797

Hex nut BM12 BM 8 DIN 439 DIN 439

Three-phase capacitors




39EPCOS AG

MKP-230-I-0.8 0.8 3.6 1.0 4.3 50 63.5 x 105 0.30 B32340C2002A830 12

MKP-230-I-1.7 1.7 7.2 2.0 8.7 100 63.5 x 142 0.40 B32340C2012A730 12

MKP-230-I-2.5 2.5 10.9 3.0 13.1 150 63.5 x 142 0.50 B32340C2022A530 12



Output IR Output IRunit1)


MKP-400-I-0.8 0.8 2.0 1.0 2.3 15 63.5 x 68 0.30 B32340C3001A880 12

MKP-400-I-1.7 1.7 4.2 2.0 5.0 33 63.5 x 68 0.30 B32340C4012A700 12

MKP-400-I-2.5 2.5 6.3 3.0 7.5 50 63.5 x 105 0.40 B32340C4022A500 12

MKP-400-I-3.3 3.3 8.4 4.0 10.0 66 63.5 x 105 0.40 B32340C4032A300 12

MKP-400-I-4.2 4.2 10.4 5.0 12.5 83 63.5 x 142 0.40 B32340C4051A000 12

MKP-400-I-5.0 5.0 12.4 6.0 15.0 99 63.5 x 142 0.50 B32340C4052A000 12


MKP-415-I-0.8 0.8 2.0 1.0 2.4 15 63.5 x 68 0.35 B32340C4082A310 12

MKP-415-I-1.7 1.7 4.0 2.0 4.8 31 63.5 x 105 0.45 B32340C4012A710 12

MKP-415-I-2.5 2.5 6.0 3.0 7.2 46 63.5 x 105 0.50 B32340C4022A510 12

MKP-415-I-3.3 3.3 8.0 4.0 9.7 62 63.5 x 142 0.50 B32340C4032A310 12

MKP-415-I-5.0 5.0 12.0 6.0 16.7 91 63.5 x 142 0.60 B32340C4052A010 12


MKP-480-I-0.7 0.7 1.5 0.8 1.7 10 63.5 x 105 0.30 B32340C4001A880 12

MKP-480-I-1.4 1.4 2.9 1.7 3.5 19 63.5 x 105 0.30 B32340C4011A780 12

MKP-480-I-2.1 2.1 4.3 2.5 5.2 29 63.5 x 105 0.50 B32340C4021A580 12

MKP-480-I-2.8 2.8 5.8 3.3 6.9 38 63.5 x 142 0.50 B32340C4031A380 12


MKP-525-I-1.4 1.4 2.6 1.7 3.1 15 63.5 x 105 0.30 B32340C5011A730 12

MKP-525-I-2.8 2.8 5.2 3.3 6.2 31 63.5 x 142 0.50 B32340C5031A330 12

MKP-525-I-3.3 3.3 6.3 4.0 7.6 38 63.5 x 142 0.60 B32340C5032A320 12

MKP-525-I-4.2 4.2 8.0 5.0 9.5 48 63.5 x 142 0.70 B32340C5051A020 12


MKP-440-I-0.7 0.7 1.6 0.8 1.9 11 63.5 x 68 0.30 B32340C4001A840 12

MKP-440-I-1.4 1.4 3.2 1.7 3.8 23 63.5 x 68 0.30 B32340C4011A740 12

MKP-440-I-2.1 2.1 4.7 2.5 5.7 34 63.5 x 105 0.40 B32340C4021A540 12

MKP-440-I-2.8 2.8 6.4 3.3 7.6 46 63.5 x 105 0.40 B32340C4031A340 12

MKP-440-I-3.3 3.3 7.6 4.0 9.1 55 63.5 x 142 0.50 B32340C4032A340 12

MKP-440-I-4.2 4.2 9.5 5.0 11.4 68 63.5 x 142 0.50 B32340C4051A040 12

MKP-440-I-5.0 5.0 11.4 6.0 13.6 82 63.5 x 142 0.60 B32340C4052A040 12





Single-Phase Capacitors


40 EPCOS AG

Discharge resistors

Single-phase capacitors


KLK1685-F

DischargeResistorSet

KLK1645

ød1

821

1)54

ød 2

Cable gland

Ø in mm Ordering code

53 B44066K0530A000

63.5 B44066K0635A000

79.5 B44066K0795A000

89.5 B44066K0895A000


Creepage distance 10.0 mm

Clearance 16.5 mm

Diameter (ø) 63.5 mm


Mounting

M12

Torque T=10 Nm

Toothed washer J12.5 DIN 6797

Hex nut BM12 DIN 439




41EPCOS AG

General

The winding element of the MKVAC capacitor consists ofpolypropylene film and paper. The paper layers, carrying metallayers on each side, are separatedby a polypropylene film, serving as dielectric. This winding construction con-tributes to achieve low lossesand high pulse current withstandcapability. For impregnation ofthe capacitor, oil is used. The oil

Applications

Power factor correction toimprove the power quality– Applications with high

thermal loading – PFC systems dealing

with harmonic loads AC applications in

industrial electronics, e.g. high dv/dt

Tuned harmonic filter

Features

Electrical Long life expectancy

(up to 150000 h) Maximum pulse current


Mechanical andmaintenance Easy installation and

connection Maintenance-free


disconnector

MKV PFC CapacitorsFor high ambient temperatures (up to +70 ºC) High overcurrent capability

impregnation (due to the paper film)enables good heat dissipationfrom the winding element to thealuminum can’s surface, thus pre-venting hot spots in the windingelement.The capacitor is designed to coverambient temperatures of up to+70 °C max.


42 EPCOS AG

MKV PFC CapacitorsFor high ambient temperatures (up to +70 ºC) High overcurrent capability



Standards IEC 831-1+2, EN 60831-1+2, VDE 560-46+47, UL 810 5th edition

Overvoltage Vmax VR + 10% (up to 8 h daily) / VR + 15% (up to 30 min daily),VR + 20% (up to 5 min daily) / VR + 30% (up to 1 min daily)

Overcurrent Imax max. 1.8 * IR (including combined effects of harmonics,overvoltages and capacitance tolerance)




Capacitance tolerance –5 … +10%


Test voltage, terminal/case VTC VR ≤ 660 V: 3 000 VAC, 10 sVR ≤ 660 V: 6 000 VAC, 10 s


Ambient temperature max. temp. 70 °C; max. mean 24 h = 55 °C; max. mean 1 year = 45 °C; lowest temperature = – 25 °C






Safety overpressure disconnector, self-healing



Enclosure IP00, indoor mounting

Dielectric paper and polypropylene film

Impregnation oil

Terminals screw terminals, max. current 50 A

Certification UL for B25836A5117A372, B25836A6926A372


MKV400-D-5-01 5.0 7.0 6.0 8.5 40 3 * 33 79.2 x 248 1.3 B25836A4996A372 2

MKV400-D-10-01 10.0 14.0 12.0 17.0 40 3 * 66 121.6 x 248 2.9 B25836A4197A372 2

MKV400-D-12.5-01 12.5 18.0 15.0 19.7 40 3 * 83 121.6 x 248 3.0 B25836A4247A372 2

MKV400-D-15-01 15.0 22.0 18.0 26.0 40 3 * 99 121.6 x 248 3.1 B25836A3297A372 2


Type 50 Hz 60 Hz Imax RMS CR d x h Weight Ordering code Packing


kvar A kvar A A µF mm kg


MKV525-D-10-01* 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.2 40 3 * 38 99.3 x 248 2.1 B25836A5117A372* 2

MKV525-D-12.5-01 12.5 14.0 15.0 17.0 40 3 * 48 121.6 x 248 3.1 B25836A5147A372 2


MKV600-D-10.4-01* 10.4 10.0 12.5 12 40 3 * 30 121.6 x 248 3.1 B25836A6926A372* 2


MKV690-D-12.5-01 12.5 11.0 15 13.2 40 3 * 27 121.6 x 248 3.1 B25836A6836A372 2

1) Packing units for capacitors equal minimum order quantity. * Approval: ULOrders will be rounded up to packing unit or multiple thereof.


PFC controller

Capacitorcontactor


Transformer

Low voltage

Grid high voltage

Protection

M3~

M3~

Load structure

Dischargereactor

Dynamic PFC

Current transformer

Capacitor

Overview

1

2

3

4

5

6







EPCOS AG 43

44 EPCOS AG

PFC Controller BR604 and BR6000 SeriesIntelligent User-friendly Cost-effective

General

Controllers for power factor correc-tion in low-voltage systems mea-sure the actual power factor andconnect or disconnect capacitorsto achieve a certain desired value(cos ).

The single-phase electronic mea-suring system detects the reactiveand active component of thenetwork through the current andvoltage path. From this it calculatesthe phase shift between the funda-mentals of current and voltageand compares this with the settarget power factor.

If there are deviations of the powerfactor, capacitor stages areswitched in and out by the con-troller. The contactor control logicis optimized, so that the desiredcos is achieved with minimumswitching operations, thus ensuringan optimized life cycle of thecapacitor bank.

The innovative PFC controllersBR604 (4 stages) and BR6000 (6and 12 stages) offer very intelligentcontrol behavior and are extremelyuser-friendly thanks to menu-drivenhandling (plain language). Themultifunctional display makesinstallation, handling and mainte-nance as easy as possible.

– Overtemperature– Harmonics exceeded– Threshold value programmable– Internal error storage– Programming of 2nd signal

relay random

Recall recorded values– Number of contactor

switching operations*– Maximum voltage, U (Vmax)– Maximum reactive power,

Q (kvar)– Maximum value of harmonic*– Maximum active power,

P (kW)– Maximum apparent power,

S (kVA)– Maximum temperature (°C)* – Operation time of all capacitors*

Dynamic PFC (transistor output)*– Thyristor switching

Features

Display– Large and multifunctional LCD

(2 x 16 characters)– Graphic and alphanumeric – LCD illumination*

Intelligent control Menu-driven handling

(plain language) Self-optimizing control capability Recall function of recorded

values Four-quadrant operation

(e.g. stand-by generator) Large measuring voltage range* Powerful alarm output*

Display of numerous of systemparameters– System voltage (VAC)– Reactive power (kvar)– Active power (kW)– Frequency*– THD-V, THD-I*– Individual harmonics up to 19th*– Monitoring of individual

capacitor currents*– Apparent power (kVA)– Apparent current (A)– Temperature (°C)*– Real-time cos – Target cos – kvar value to target cos

Alarm output*– Insufficient compensation– Overcompensation– Undercurrent– Overcurrent* Only for BR6000 series


BR604

BR6000

45EPCOS AG


Weight: 1 kg 0.5 kg

Case: Panel-mounted instrument, Panel-mounted instrument, 144 x 144 x 60 mm 100 x 100 x 40 mm(cut out 138 x 138 mm) (cut out 92 x 92 mm)

Ambient conditions

Overvoltage class: III III

Pollution degree: 2 2

Operating temperature: –10 °C ... + 70 °C –10 °C ... + 70 °C

Storage temperature: –20 °C ... + 75 °C –20 °C ... + 75 °C

Sensitivity to interference (industrial areas): EN55082-2.1995 EN55082-2.1995

Spurious radiation (residential areas): EN55011 10.1997 EN55011 10.1997

Safety guidelines: EN61010-1 03.1994 + A2 05.1996 / EN61010-1 03.1994 + A2 05.1996 / IEC1010-1 1990 + A1 1992 IEC1010-1 1990 + A1 1992

Mounting position: any any

Humidity class: 15% to 95% without dew 15% to 95% without dew

Protection class: Front plate: IP54 according to IEC529 / DIN 40050 IP54 according to IEC529 / DIN 40050Rear: IP20 according to IEC529 / DIN 40050 IP20 according to IEC529 / DIN 40050

Operation

Supply voltage: 230 VAC, 50 and 60 Hz power lines 230 VAC, 50 and 60 Hz power lines

Target cos ϕ: 0.8 ind. – 0.8 cap. 0.8 ind. – 0.8 cap.

Switching and discharge time range: 1 – 1200 seconds 1 – 255 seconds

Number of control series: 20 series preset + control series 23 series preseteditor for free programming

Control modes: Series switching (LIFO), Series switching (LIFO), circular switching (FIFO), circular switching (FIFO),self-optimized intelligent control mode self-optimized intelligent control mode

Measurement

Measurement voltage range: 30 ... 300 VAC phase to neutral = supply voltage: 230 VAC (L-N)(i.e. 50 ... 525 V phase to phase)

Fundamental frequency: 50 and 60 Hz 50 and 60 Hz

Measurement current (CT): x/1 and x/5 Ampere possible x/1 and x/5 Ampere possible

Minimum operating current: 40 mA 40 mA

Maximum current: 5.3 A (sinusoidal) 5.3 A (sinusoidal)

Zero voltage release: < 15 ms < 15 ms

Switching outputs

Relay outputsNumber of relays: 6 and 12 stages available 4 stages availableSwitching voltage/power max. 250 VAC, max. 1000 W max. 250 VAC, max. 1000 W

Expected mechanical life: > 30 x 106 switching operations > 30 x 106 switching operationsExpected electrical life: > 5 x 106 switching operations > 5 x 106 switching operations

(load = 200 VA, cos ϕ = 0.4) (load = 200 VA, cos ϕ = 0.4)

Alarm relay potential-free contact (6 parameters) No

Technical data BR6000 series BR604 series


46 EPCOS AG


BR6000T for dynamic powerfactor correction

The dynamic power factor con-troller BR6000T represents thefollow-on development of theBR6000 series with new innovativeideas and a multitude of functions.

It has been especially designed tocontrol thyristor modules for directswitching of power capacitors forpower factor correction (for exam-

ple TSM-LC or similar). By using avery fast type of processor, it hasbeen possible to obtain extremelyshort switching cycles, which canbe used for dynamic power factorcorrection.

In addition to a switching time of<40 ms, the intelligent controlprinciple provides an extremelyfast tuning time by simultaneousswitching of several stages.

Individual parameters that can beedited allow optimized adjustmentto different thyristor modules.

Another innovation is the possibilityof a simple coupling of two PFCcontrollers with one another (forexample cascading in case of twosystems with two inputs and onecoupling switch). This is possiblewithout interface option.


* Including Windows software

Cautions: 1. Discharge time: Make sure that discharge time set in controller matches capacitor discharge time.

See page 12.2. Number of switchings: LV PFC capacitors according to standard IEC 831 are designed for up to 5 000 switching

operations. Make sure that 5 000 switching operations per year are not exceeded.3. Controller hunting must be avoided at any case!

BR604-R4 230 4 – No No No B44066R6004E230 24

BR6000-R6 230 6 – Yes No No B44066R6006E230 24

BR6000-T6 230 – 6 Yes No No B44066R6106E230 24

BR6000-R12 230 12 – Yes No No B44066R6012E230 24

BR6000-T12 230 – 12 Yes No No B44066R6112E230 24

BR6000-R12/F 230 12 – Yes Yes No B44066R6212E230 24

BR6000-R12/S232* 230 12 – Yes Yes RS232 B44066R6312E230 24

BR6000-R12/S485 230 12 – Yes Yes RS485 B44066R6412E230 24

BR6000 Adapter B44066R9999E230

Type Voltage Output Alarm Switchover Interface Ordering code Packing50/60 Hz Relay Transistor output target unit

cos ϕϕ 1/2

Ordering codes

Accessories: Adapter for PFC Controller BR6000

Design: Compact form, all connections as screwtype clamp

Mounting: Snap on top hat rail

Technical data:Input voltage: grid without neutral max. 3 x 525 V

Output voltage 1: L1–N

Output voltage 2: 1/2 L1-N(To use this output, a V-transformer ratio of 2 has to be programmed on the BR6000)

Protection: necessary external according to cable cross-section

Max. ambient temperature – 20/+ 55 °C

Dimensions: Height 76 mm, width 45 mm, depth 110 mm

This adapter is used to align the PFC controller BR6000 to grids withoutneutral conductor. To achieve this, the input of the adapter is connected to the 3 phases of the grid, and the output is connected to the measuring voltage input of the controller.

The voltage at the measuring input must not exceed 525 V. At output “1/2 L1”half measuring voltage L-N is disposable.

Adapter BR6000

47EPCOS AG

PFC Controller BR604and BR6000 SeriesIntelligent User-friendly Cost-effective


BR604

BR6000

EPCOS AG48

PFC controller

Capacitorcontactor


Transformer

Low voltage

Grid high voltage

Protection

M3~

M3~

Load structure

Dischargereactor

Dynamic PFC

Current transformer

Capacitor

EPCOS AG

Overview

1

2

3

4

5

6







Overview

49

50 EPCOS AG

Features

Excellent damping of inrush current Improved power quality

(e.g. avoidance of voltage sags) Longer useful life of main

contacts of capacitor contactor Soft switching of capacitor and

thus longer useful life Enhanced mean life expectancy

of PFC system Reduced ohmic losses Leading contacts with wiper

function Tamper-proof and protected

resistors Easy access for cable connection

Capacitor contactors forswitching detuned and conven-tional three-phase capacitors

When a capacitor is switchedto an AC voltage, the result is aresonant circuit damped to agreater or lesser degree. In additionto the rated current, the capacitoraccepts a transient current that isa multiple of (as many as 200 times)its rated current. Fast switching,low-bounce contactors should beused.Because of the leading contacts,the inrush current spikes (reversecharging operations) are limited ordamped by resistance wires.

These current spikes would lead towelding of the contactor’s maincontacts and they are also harmfulfor the capacitors. Reduction ofthe inrush currents also avoidstransients and voltage sags.Leading contacts with a wiperfunction are used in these capaci-tor contactors, i.e. each leadingcontact is linked to the contactoryoke by a permanent magnet. Theleading contacts close before themain contacts and open when themain contacts are with certaintyclosed. This feature of the capaci-tor contactors guarantees effective,stable operation throughout usefullife. The single controlled leadingcontacts also enhance resistanceto soiling during operation.

The capacitor contactors aresuitable for direct switching of low-inductance and low-loss capacitorbanks (IEC 831, VDE 0560) with orwithout detuning reactors.They feature leading auxiliaryswitches and damping resistors toreduce peak inrush to < 70 * IR(inrush current).The capacitor contactors are weld-resistant up to a possible peakinrush current of 200 * IR. The back-up fuses gL (gG) should be scaledfor 1.6 to 1.8 * IR.All capacitor contactors come withan auxiliary contact (normally open).

Capacitor ContactorsSpecially designed for damping of inrush current in LV PFC systems


51EPCOS AG


Technical Data

Type B44066-…-J230/110Main contacts S1810 S2410 S3210 S5010 S6210 S7410

Rated insulation voltage VI VIS [VAC] 6902) 6902) 6902) 6902) 6902) 6902)

Admissible frequency of operation 1/h 120 120 120 120 120 80Contact life million 0.25 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.12

operations

Cable cross-sectionsolid or standard [mm2] 1.5–6 2.5–25 2.5–25 4–50 4–50 4–50

flexible [mm2] 1.5–4 2.5–16 2.5–16 10–35 10–35 10–35

flexible with multicore cable end [mm2] 1.5–4 2.5–16 2.5–16 6–35 6–35 6–35

Cables per clamp 2 1 1 1 1 1

Operating range of magnet coilsin multiples of control voltage VS 0.85–1.1 0.85–1.1 0.85–1.1 0.85–1.1 0.85–1.1 0.85–1.1

Auxiliary contacts1)

Rated insulation voltage VI VIS [VAC] 6902) 6902) 6902) 6902) 6902) 6902)

Rated current Ith

at ambient temperaturemax. 40 °C Icoth [A] 16 10 10 10 10 10

max. 60 °C Icoth [A] 12 6 6 6 6 6

Utilization category AC15220 to 240 V Icoth [A] 12 3 3 3 3 3

380 to 440 V Icoth [A] 4 2 2 2 2 2

Shortcircuit protectionHighest fuse rating Icoth [A] 25 20 20 20 20 20slow, gL (gG)Auxiliary contacts1) NO/NC 1/0 1/0 1/0 1/0 1/0 1/0

IEC 947-4-1, IEC 947-5-1, EN 60947-4-1, EN 60947-5-1, VDE 0660

1) Aux contacts: NO = 1; NC = 0; for all contactor types2) Applies to networks with grounded star point, overvoltage category I to IV, pollution severity 3 (industrial standard),

Vimp = 6 kV. Values for other conditions on request.

0–12.5 0–12.5 0–13 0–13 0–20 0–20 18 18 0.34 B44066S1810J110 48

10–20 10–20 10.5–22 10.5–22 17–33 17–33 28 28 0.6 B44066S2410J110 40

10–25 10–25 10.5–27 10.5–27 17–41 17–41 36 36 0.6 B44066S3210J110 40

20–50 20–50 23–53 23–53 36–82 36–82 72 72 1.1 B44066S6210J110 15

20–75 20–60 23–75 23–64 36–120 36–100 105 87 1.1 B44066S7410J110 15

Main technical parameters (110 V coil)

Capacitor power at ambient temperature, voltage, 50/60 Hz Current Weight Ordering Packing380–400 V 415–440 V 660–690 V max. kg code unit

50 ºC 60 ºC 50 ºC 60 ºC 50 ºC 60 ºC 50 ºC 60 ºCkvar kvar kvar kvar kvar kvar * A A

0–12.5 0–12.5 0–13 0–13 0–20 0–20 18 18 0.34 B44066S1810J230 48

10–20 10–20 10.5–22 10.5–22 17–33 17–33 28 28 0.6 B44066S2410J230 40

10–25 10–25 10.5–27 10.5–27 17–41 17–41 36 36 0.6 B44066S3210J230 40

20–33.3 20–33.3 23–36 23–36 36–55 36–55 48 48 1.1 B44066S5010J230 15

20–50 20–50 23–53 23–53 36–82 36–82 72 72 1.1 B44066S6210J230 15

20–75 20–60 23–75 23–64 36–120 36–100 105 87 1.1 B44066S7410J230 15

Main technical parameters (230 V coil)


52 EPCOS AG

KLK1719-4

49-5

0

59

45

35-36

ø5

M3.5

98

94

50

6.585

B44066S1810J230, B44066S1810J110

KLK1718-V

M5

ø4.5

606574

35

45 119.5

115.5

6.5

63

115

B44066S2410J230, B44066S3210J230

B44066S2410J110, B44066S3210J110

KLK1717-M

M6

ø5.5

50

60

90100

110

7.5

68

124.5

128.5

145

B44066S5010J230, B44066S6210J230,B44066S7410J230

B44066S6210J110, B44066S7410J110

KLK1694-E

1

2

3

4

5

6

A1

A2

L1 L2 L3

AUX

Connection diagrammB44066S1810J230 and B44066S1810J110 with wires on the bottom only




EPCOS AG 53

PFC controller

Capacitorcontactor


Transformer

Low voltage

Grid high voltage

Protection

M3~

M3~

Load structure

Dischargereactor

Dynamic PFC

Current transformer

Capacitor

53EPCOS AG

Overview

1

2

3

4

5

6







54 EPCOS AG

Features

High harmonic loading capability Very low losses High linearity to avoid choke tilt Low noise Convenient mounting Long expected life time Temperature protection (NC contact)

GeneralElectrical energy is a significantproduction factor for industry,and its efficient use should be aprimary objective. Reducing thereactive current component byPFC correction helps to saveenergy.The increasing use of modernpower electronic apparatus(drives, uninterruptible powersupplies, etc) produces nonlinearcurrent, influences and loadsthe network with harmonics (linepollution).

The power factor correction orcapacitance of the power capa-citor forms a resonant circuit inconjunction with the feedingtransformer. Experience showsthat the self-resonant frequency ofthis circuit is typically between 250and 500 Hz, i.e. in the region of the5th and 7th harmonics. Resonance can lead to the follow-ing undesirable effects:– overloading of capacitors,– overloading of transformers and

transmission equipment,– interference with metering and

control systems, computers andelectrical gear,

– resonance elevation, i.e. amplifi-cation of harmonics,

– voltage distortion.

These resonance phenomena canbe avoided by connecting capaci-tors in series with filter reactors.Detuned systems are scaled sothat the self-resonant frequency isbelow the lowest line harmonic.The detuned PFC system is purelyinductive seen by harmonics abovethis frequency. For the 50 Hz linefrequency, the detuned systemacts purely capacitively, thuscorrecting the reactive power.

Antiresonance Harmonic Filter ReactorDetuned Systems


55EPCOS AG



Harmonics*) V3 = 0.5% VR (duty cycle = 100%)V5 = 6.0% VR (duty cycle = 100%)V7 = 5.0% VR (duty cycle = 100%)V11 = 3.5% VR (duty cycle = 100%)V13 = 3.0% VR (duty cycle = 100%)

Effective current Irms = ß®(I12+I3

2 ... I132)

Fundamental current I1 = 1.06 * IR (50 Hz or 60 Hz current of capacitor)

Temperature protection microswitch (NC)

Filter reactors

Frequency 50 Hz or 60 Hz

Voltage 400, 440, 480 V

Output 5 … 100 kvar

Detuning 5.67%, 7%, 14%

Cooling natural

Ambient temperature 40 °C

Class of protection I

Enclosure IP00

Approval

Three-phase filter reactors to EN 61558/VDE 0532/EN60289

*) According to DIN ENV VV61000-2-2

Rated voltage V = 400 V, f = 50 Hz, p = 5.67% (fr = 210 Hz)Linearity: L ≥ 0.95 * LR for current up to 2.08 * I1

10 62 3.06 18.5 64 6.4 1c 10 mm2 Kl. B44066D5010S400 40

12.5 78 2.45 23.0 89 8.4 1d 10 mm2 Kl. B44066D5012S400 40

20 125 1.53 36.9 100 13 1e 10 mm2 Kl. B44066D5020S400 18

25 156 1.22 46.1 130 17 1f 10 mm2 Kl. B44066D5025S400 18

40 250 0.765 73.7 220 23 3b M6 Al-flat B44066D5040S400 18

50 312 0.612 92.1 290 31 3c M6 Al-flat B44066D5050S400 12

75 496 0,408 138.2 280 35 3c M8 Al-flat B44066D5075S400 12

100 625 0.306 183.8 390 47 3d M8 Al-flat B44066D5100S400 1

Power ∆ Inductance Irms Losses* Weight Drawing Terminal Ordering code Packingkvar capacitance (Ieff) number unit

3 * µF mH A W kg

*) Total max. losses, considering max. specified overvoltage and harmonic currents

Rated voltage V = 400 V, f = 50 Hz, p = 7% (fr = 189 Hz)Linearity: L ≥ 0.95 * LR for current up to 1.73 * I1

10 61 3.83 16.4 73 5.9 1c 10 mm2 Kl. B44066D7010S400 40

12.5 77 3.07 20.5 87 8.1 1d 10 mm2 Kl. B44066D7012S400 40

20 123 1.92 32.7 100 12 1e 10 mm2 Kl. B44066D7020S400 40

25 154 1.53 41.0 120 16 1f 10 mm2 Kl. B44066D7025S400 18

40 246 0.958 65.6 210 23 3b M6 Al-flat B44066D7040S400 18

50 308 0.766 81.9 210 24 3b M6 Al-flat B44066D7050S400 18

75 462 0.511 122.9 267 32 3c M8 Al-flat B44066D7075S400 12

100 617 0.383 164.2 370 46 3d M8 Al-flat B44066D7100S400 1


56 EPCOS AG



10 57 8.23 15.4 87 9.4 1d 10 mm2 Kl. B44066D1410S400 40

12.5 71 6.63 19.2 100 12 1e 10 mm2 Kl. B44066D1412S400 18

20 114 4.14 30.8 120 18 1f 10 mm2 Kl. B44066D1420S400 18

25 142 3.32 38.5 210 25 2a 10 mm2 Kl. B44066D1425S400 18

40 228 2.07 61.6 220 32 3c M6 Al-flat B44066D1440S400 1

50 285 1.66 76.9 340 34 3c M6 Al-flat B44066D1450S400 1

75 427 1.1 115.4 330 52 3d M8 Al-flat B44066D1475S400 1

100 570 0.829 154 450 62 3e M8 Al-flat B44066D1499S400 1


3 * µF mH A W kg


25 130 1.02 46.1 130 16 3a M5 Al-flat B44066D5025S401 18

50 260 0.51 92.2 230 26 3b M6 Al-flat B44066D5050S401 18

75 391 0.34 138.2 280 34 3c M8 Al-flat B44066D5075S401 12

100 521 0.255 184.3 370 48 3d M8 Al-flat B44066D5100S401 1


25 128 1.29 41.0 103 16 3a M5 Al-flat B44066D7025S401 18

50 257 0.64 81.9 205 24 3b M6 Al-flat B44066D7050S401 18

75 385 0.426 122.9 245 33 3c M8 Al-flat B44066D7075S401 12

100 514 0.319 163.9 310 45 3d M8 Al-flat B44066D7100S401 1


10 51 3.7 16.8 74 7 1c 10 mm2 Kl. B44066D5010S440 40

12.5 64 2.96 21.0 88 9 1d 10 mm2 Kl. B44066D5012S440 40

25 129 1.48 42.0 130 16.5 3a M5 Al-flat. B44066D5025S440 18

50 258 0.74 83.8 230 25 3b M6 Al-flat B44066D5050S440 18

75 387 0.49 125.6 260 36 3c M8 Al-flat B44066D5075S440 1

100 517 0.37 168.0 340 50 3d M8 Al-flat B44066D5100S440 1


10 50 4.64 14.9 71 6.5 1c 4 mm2 Kl. B44066D7010S440 40

12.5 63 3.71 18.7 85 8.5 1d 10 mm2 Kl. B44066D7012S440 40

25 127 1.86 37.2 105 17 3a M5 Al-flat B44066D7025S440 18

50 254 0.93 74.5 210 25 3b M6 Al-flat B44066D7050S440 18

75 382 0.618 112.2 250 35 3c M8 Al-flat B44066D7075S440 12

100 509 0.464 148.9 370 47 3d M8 Al-flat B44066D7100S440 1



25 118 2.76 38.5 130 25 2a 10 mm2 Kl. B44066D1425S401 18

50 237 1.38 77.0 250 34 3c M6 Al-flat B44066D1450S401 12

75 356 0.92 115.4 340 49 3d M8 Al-flat B44066D1475S401 1

100 475 0.69 154.0 400 55 3d M8 Al-flat B44066D1499S401 1


57EPCOS AG


25 106 1.55 37.2 100 16 3a M5 Al-flat B44066D7025S441 18

50 212 0.773 74.5 190 24 3b M6 Al-flat B44066D7050S441 18

75 318 0.515 111.8 235 34 3c M8 Al-flat B44066D7075S441 12

100 424 0.387 148.9 350 46 3d M8 Al-flat B44066D7100S441 1


25 98 3.34 35.0 100 24 2a 10 mm2 Kl. B44066D1425S441 18

50 196 1.67 70.0 240 35 3c M6 Al-flat B44066D1450S441 12

75 294 1.11 105.0 360 48 3d M8 Al-flat B44066D1475S441 1

100 392 0.836 140.0 450 52 3d M8 Al-flat B44066D1499S441 1


25 90 1.47 38.3 130 18 1f 10 mm2 Kl. B44066D5025S481 18

50 181 0.74 76.8 300 31 3c M8 Al-flat B44066D5050S481 12

75 271 0.49 115.1 230 33 3c M8 Al-flat B44066D5075S481 12

100 362 0.367 153.6 400 47 3d M8 Al-flat B44066D5100S481 1


12.5 44 3.68 17.0 71 6.5 1c 4 mm2 Kl. B44066D7012S481 40

25 89 1.84 34.2 103 13.2 1e 10 mm2 Kl. B44066D7025S481 18

50 178 0.92 68.4 240 24.2 3b M6 Al-flat B44066D7050S481 18

75 267 0.61 102.4 270 32 3c M8 Al-flat B44066D7075S481 12

100 357 0.46 136.7 270 35 3c M8 Al-flat B44066D7100S481 1


25 82 4.0 32.1 155 20 2a 10 mm2 Kl. B44066D1425S481 18

50 165 2.0 64.1 280 34 3c M6 Al-flat B44066D1450S481 12

75 247 1.33 96.2 350 48 3d M8 Al-flat B44066D1475S481 1

100 330 1.0 128.2 430 53 3d M8 Al-flat B44066D1499S481 1


25 107 1.235 42.0 125 18 3a M5 Al-flat B44066D5025S441 18

50 215 0.617 83.8 210 25 3b M6 Al-flat B44066D5050S441 18

75 323 0.412 126.0 300 33 3c M8 Al-flat B44066D5075S441 12

100 431 0.309 167.4 400 47 3d M8 Al-flat B44066D5100S441 1


10 47 10 14.0 87 10 1d 4 mm2 Kl. B44066D1410S440 40

12.5 58 8.03 17.5 95 13 1e 10 mm2 Kl. B44066D1412S440 18

25 117 4 35.0 130 26 2a 10 mm2 Kl. B44066D1425S440 18

50 235 2.12 70.0 260 40 3c M6 Cu-flat B44066D1450S440 1

75 353 1.34 105.0 350 52 3d M8 Al-flat B44066D1475S440 1

100 471 1 140.0 440 66 3d M8 Cu-flat B44066D1499S440 1


3 * µF mH A W kg




58 EPCOS AG

Terminals:

Connection Clamp Tightening Stripping Screwdrivertype size torque length point

Nm mm mm

Screw clamp 4 mm2 cl. 0.5 11.0 0.8 x 4.0

10 mm2 cl. 2.5 13.0 1.2 x 6.5

M5 Al-flat 3.0 – –

M6 Cu-flat 6.0 – –

Flat terminal M6 Al-flat 6.0 – –

M8 Cu-flat 13.0 – –

M8 Al-flat 13.0 – –

Antiresonance Harmonic Filter ReactorDetuned SystemsCautions


Warning note

During operation, all electricallyactive parts of this equipment suchas windings, electronic compo-nents, leads, fuses and terminalscarry a dangerous voltage whichcan lead to burns or electric shock.

Covers which protect theseelectrically active parts from beingtouched must not be opened orremoved during operation.

Before any assembly or mainte-nance work is started, all installa-tions and equipment must bedisconnected from the powersource.

Noncompliance with theseinstructions may lead to death,serious injury or major damageto equipment.

In order to exclude impermissibletemperatures and thus overload ofthe insulation system, the followingdirections must additionally beobserved:1. Only those protective devices

specified on the type plates, suchas fuses and motor protectionswitches, may be used. It ismandatory to observe the setvalues specified for the motorprotection switches. Any temper-ature-sensitive protective devicessuch as temperature switchesand temperature sensors mustbe connected in accordance withthe installation instructions.

2. High temperatures are permissiblefor the surfaces under ratedoperating conditions, and

especially in the event of over-load. Depending on the temper-ature class and type of loading,these may attain values of upto 260 °C and may also affectadjacent components whichhave been packed too densely.

3. The insertion position should beselected so that any coolingducts present within the windingare arranged vertically and thatthe current of cooling air is notimpeded by adjacent compo-nents, connecting leads etc.

4. The maximum voltage of theinsulating system specified onthe type plate must not beexceeded.

Noncompliance with theseinstructions may lead to consi-derable damage to equipmentor fire due to impermissibly hightemperatures.

59EPCOS AG

Drawing 1

Drawing 2

Insulation class B: 130 °C

Insulation class H: 180 °C

Insulation class H: 180 °C

b 1 d 1 d 2 d 3 e h l 1 l 2 n 1 n 2 n 3 n 4max max max

a 73 5.8 11 M5 60 159 150 178 49 113 53 166

b 88 5.8 11 M5 67 159 150 178 64 113 68 166

c 99 7 13 M6 62 181 182 219 56 136 69 201

d 119 7 13 M6 72 181 182 219 76 136 89 201

e 107 7 13 M6 66 221 228 267 70 176 77 249

f 131 7 13 M6 79 221 228 267 94 176 101 249

b 1 d 1 d 2 d 3 e h l 1 l 2 l 4 n 1 n 2max max max

a 162 10 18 M8 108 291 264 220 270 101 200

Drawing 3

b 1 d 1 d 2 d 3 e h l 1 l 2 l 4 n 1 n 2max max max

a 115 7 12 M6 103 210 228 190 – 94 176

b 133 10 18 M8 121 248 264 220 270 101 200

c 148 10 18 M8 137 269 300 250 300 118 224

d 169 10 18 M8 142 321 360 300 350 138 264

e 174 12 18 M10 171 385 405 350 410 141 316

ϑ

1

2

2n

d1

4n

KLK1703-H

e

h

n1

n3

b1

d2

2

n2

d1

+ +

4

KLK1704-Q

d2

b

n

1

1

h

e

1

ϑ

4

1

n2

2

d1

KLK1705-Y

1n

1b

e

h

2d

+ +ϑ

Drawing 1 Drawing 2

Drawing 3




EPCOS AG60

General

The losses of discharge reactorsare substantially lower than thoseof discharging resistors. This is veryimportant in modern power factorcorrection systems with high powerdensity because the useful life ofPFC capacitors depends verymuch on ambient temperature.

Discharge reactors satisfy therequirement for permanentlyconnected discharging devicesand for a discharge time of a fewseconds.

Because of its high AC resis-tance, the discharge reactor onlygenerates extremely small lossesduring operation of the capacitor.When the capacitors are turned off,there is very fast discharge overthe low DC resistance.

Fast discharging allows a fast re-switching in automatic PFCequipment. However, max 5 000switching operations (acc. to IEC 831) should be observed.

Features Fast discharge for fast

reconnection of capacitors Reduced losses Shockproof case for rail

mounting

Discharge Reactors

Ordering code B44066E9900S001

Voltage V R 230 to 525 V

Frequency f 50/60 Hz

Internal configuration 2 windings in V arrangement

Resistance R 4 900 ΩDischarge time t 230 V up to 25 kvar < 10 s / up to 50 kvar < 20 s /

up to 100 kvar < 40 s400 … 525 V up to 25 kvar < 5 s / up to 50 kvar < 10 s /

up to 100 kvar < 20 s

Power loss PLOSS < 1.8 W

Free-wheeling current I < 4.5 mA

Accepted discharge 1 x / (minute and 100 kvar)number

Insulation class RINS T40/B

Cable diameter ø 0.75 … 2 x 2.5 mm2

Terminals Fixing torque: 0.5 Nm

Installation location indoor

Ambient temperature –25 … + 55 °C

Cooling natural

Dimensions 90 mm x 45 mm x 59 mm

Weight 0.5 kg

U V W

72,5

45

34

89

545

Dimensional drawings


PFC controller

Capacitorcontactor


Transformer

Low voltage

Grid high voltage

Protection

M3~

M3~

Load structure

Dischargereactor

Dynamic PFC

Current transformer

Capacitor

EPCOS AG

Overview

1

2

3

4

5

6







61

62 EPCOS AG

Features

Easy installation: it can be used similar as a contactor

All the intelligence needed is offered within the thyristor module itself

Reaction time: 5 milliseconds only Permanent self-controlling of:

– voltage parameter– phase sequence– capacitor output

Display of– operation– faults– activation

Dynamic Power Factor CorrectionThyristor Module TSM-LC

General

Conventional systems for powerfactor correction are used to opti-mize the power factor and reducethe level of harmonics in the grid.The usage of new technologies inmodern industry has negativeimpacts on electric power qualityof the main supply networks, e.g.frequent high load fluctuations andharmonic oscillation. Excessivecurrents, increased losses andflickering will not only influence thesupply capacity but will also have asignificant impact on the operationof sensitive electronic devices. Thesolution for this are dynamic powerfactor correction systems.With the TSM-LC module we pro-vide the main component – “elec-tronic switch” – for dynamic powerfactor correction. The TSM-LC is afast electronically controlled, self-observing thyristor switch for

capacitive loads up to 50 kvar,which is capable to switch PFCcapacitors within a few millisec-onds as often as required.

Cautions:

Live parts in the PFC equipmentmust not be touched!Warning signs in the PFC systemsare required!Wait 10 minutes after the mainswitch is turned off – until the volt-age in the system has dropped toan uncritical value.In non-detuned systems (400 Vgrid) capacitors with a higher volt-age rating (e.g. 440 V) are needed.In detuned systems (400 V grid)capacitors with a voltage of 525 Vare needed.For discharging the capacitors,special high-voltage resistors typeEW22 are required. Standard resis-tors cannot be used!

In dynamic PFC systems dischargereactors cannot be used (thiswould be a short circuit of the high-voltage DC)!In PFC systems without filter circuitreactors current limiting reactors arerequired (e.g. BD-100) for the TSM.For short circuit protection, super-fast electronic fuses for protectionof the thyristor are required, stan-dard HRC fuses are not suitable:63 A/690 V (25 kvar);125 A/690 V (50 kvar) – 3 piecesper module.

FAILURE TO FOLLOWCAUTIONS MAY RESULT, WORSTCASE, IN PREMATURE FAILURESOR PHYSICAL INJURY.


63EPCOS AG


Technical Data

Voltage 3 x 400 V

Max. power type TSM-LC 25: 25 kvar for PFC systems with/without reactors up to 14%type TSM-LC 50: 50 kvar for PFC systems with/without reactors up to 14%a cascading of several modules is possible for increasing the kvar output

Activation 10–24 V DC, internal insulated

Switching time approx. 5 ms

Control features – voltage (availability and value)– phase sequence– capacitor output

Power circuit connection: 2 x two-phase (L1, L3) with 4 terminals 25 qmm

Losses type TSM-LC 25 Pv (in W) = 2.0 * l (in A) typical 75 W (therm)type TSM-LC 50 Pv (in W) = 2.0 * l (in A) typical 150 W (therm)

Fuses type TSM-LC 25 electronic fuse “superfast” NH00 AC 690 V – 63 Atype TSM-LC 50 electronic fuse “superfast” NH00 AC 690 V – 125 A

Dimensions 157 x 200 x 180 mm (w x h x d)

Thyristor modules for dynamic power factor correction

TSM-LC 25 RT PFC Module 400 25 B44066T0025E402 1

TSM-LC 50 RT PFC Module 400 50 B44066T0050E402 1

Type Description Voltage Output Ordering code Packing V kvar unit

at 50 Hz

Accessories for TSM-LC modules

Discharge resistors EW-22to be used for 25 kvar or 50 kvar stage, one unit per stage required B44066T0022E400 1

Current limitation reactor BD-100 for PFC systems without de-tuning reactorsto be used for 25 kvar or 50 kvar step, two units per step required B44066T0100E400 1

Type/Description Ordering code Packing unit

EW-22

Thyristor modules are deliveredpre-set for de-tuned applications.They can be modified by the userfor conventional applications withan internal switch.


64 EPCOS AG

1st Capacitorbranch

L1 (R)

L2 (S)

L3 (T)N

PE

Input(controller signal)

L

2nd Capacitorbranch

3rd Capacitorbranch

Fuse superfast125 A at 50 kvar 63 A at 25 kvar

Fuse superfast Fuse superfast

Filter *

DischargeResistor Ew22

PowerCapacitor

N L N k l

U Um lmInterferencemessage

relay

a b P1 1 2 3 4 5 6

+ 24V –

T2A

T2A

power factorcontroller

BR6000-T12

supply-voltage

Vb

meas.voltage

Vmmeas. current

Im (5A/1A)

k l


Dynamic PFC network: multiple stages

Please read information about PFC capacitors and cautions, page 8–13, and installation and maintenance instructions, page 71–74, to ensure optimumperformance and prevent products from failing, and in worst case, bursting and fire, etc. Products shown in this catalog reflect typical specifications. You are kindly requested to approve our product specifications or request our approval for your specification before ordering.

Input (controller signal)

L1 (R)

L2 (S)

L3 (T)

NPE

Capacitorbranch

Fuse superfast125 A at 50 kvar63 A at 25 kvar

Dynamic PFC network: one stage

PFC controller

Capacitorcontactor


Transformer

Low voltage

Grid high voltage

Protection

M3~

M3~

Load structure

Dischargereactor

Dynamic PFC

Current transformer

Capacitor

Overview

1

2

3

4

5

6







EPCOS AG 65

66 EPCOS AG

Fundamentals of Power Factor CorrectionGeneral Information

The rational use of electrical energycalls for economical generation,transmission and distribution withlittle loss. That means restricting allfactors in electrical networks thatcause losses. One of these factorsis lagging reactive power. Loadsin industrial and public electricalnetworks are primarily of an ohmic-inductive nature.The purpose of systems for powerfactor correction in networks is tocompensate the generated lag-ging reactive power by leadingreactive power at defined nodes.In this way impermissibly highvoltage drops and additional ohmiclosses are also avoided. The neces-sary leading power is produced bycapacitors parallel to the supplynetwork, as close as possible tothe inductive load. Static capacitivecompensation devices reduce the

lagging reactive power componenttransmitted over the network. Ifnetwork conditions alter, therequired leading reactive powercan be matched in steps by addingand taking out single power capac-itors (automatic PFC) to compen-sate the lagging reactive power.

Benefits of power factorcorrection

Payback in 8 to 24 monthsthrough lower power costs

Power factor correction reducesthe reactive power in a system.Power consumption and thuspower costs drop in proportion.

Effective installation useAn improved power factor meansthat an electrical installation worksmore economically (higher effectivepower for the same apparentpower).

Improved voltage quality Reduced voltage drop Optimum cable designCable cross-section can be re-duced with improvement of powerfactor (less current). In existinginstallations for instance, extra orhigher power can be transmitted.

Reduced transmission lossesThe transmission and switchingdevices carry less current, i.e. onlythe effective power, meaning thatthe ohmic losses in the leads arereduced.

Key components

Capacitor

Power factor correction capacitorsproduce the necessary leadingreactive power to compensate thelagging reactive power. PFC capaci-tors should be capable of withstand-ing high inrush currents caused byswitching operations (> 100 * IR). Ifcapacitors are connected in parallel,i.e. as banks, the inrush current willincrease (≥ 150 * IR) because thecharging current comes from thegrid as well as from capacitorsparallel to the one switched.

PFC controller

Modern PFC controllers are micro-processor-based. The micro-processor analyzes the signal froma current transformer and producesswitching commands to control thecontactors that add or removecapacitor stages. Intelligent controlby microprocessor-based PFCcontrollers ensures even utilizationof capacitor stages, minimized

number of switching operationsand optimized life cycle of thecapacitor bank.

Capacitor contactor

Contactors are electromechanicalswitching elements used to switchcapacitors or reactors and capaci-tors in standard or detuned PFCsystems. The switching operationcan be performed by mechanicalcontacts or an electronic switch(semiconductor). The latter solutionis preferable if fast switching is required for a sensitive load forexample.

Reactor (compensation and filtering)

Power distribution networks areincreasingly subjected to harmonicpollution from modern power elec-tronic devices, so called non-linearloads, e.g. drives, uninterruptiblepower supplies, electronic ballasts.Harmonics are dangerous forcapacitors connected in the PFCcircuit, especially if the capacitors

operate at resonant frequency. Theseries connection of reactor andcapacitor to detune the series res-onant frequency (the capacitor‘sresonant frequency) helps toprevent capacitor damage. Mostcritical frequencies are the 5th and7th harmonics (250 and 350 Hz at50 Hz). Detuned capacitor banksalso help to reduce the harmonicdistortion level and clean the network.

Fuse

A HRC fuse or MCCB acts asa safety device for shortcircuitprotection.

HRC fuses do not protect acapacitor against overload – theyare for short-circuit protectiononly

The HRC fuse rating shouldbe 1.6 to 1.8 times nominalcapacitor current

Do not use HRC fuses for switching (risk of arcing!) Refer to page 12.

Fundamentals of Power Factor CorrectionGeneral Information

Application Examples

kWh meter

Apparentpower

Capacitors forcompensation

kvarh meter

GridP

SQ

50%

50%

100%

PFCCNTRL.

Harmonicscompensation

X

Conventional power factor correction Harmonic filter with dynamic PFC

PFC controller

PFCcapacitors

M3

M3

Fuses

Thyristormodules

Capacitor contactors

Reactors

Power factor correction system with filter circuit reactors for reduction of harmonics

EPCOS AG 67

68 EPCOS AG

Power factor correctionTo achieve optimum power factorcorrection, a PFC system has tobe designed for the reactive powerrequired. The best method is toperform active and reactive powermeasurements prior to design.Measurements have to cover allimportant time periods during day- and nighttime to obtainreliable values for peak reactivepower requirements.

PFC formulas (active, reactive,apparent power)Active powerThe amount of input powerconverted into output power istermed active power and generallyindicated by P in watts [W] anddefined by the following formula:

P = 3 * V * I * cos ϕ [W]

The entire input power, e.g. appar-ent power, should be convertedinto useful output power stated asactive power, e.g. the real motorpower output. The quality of sucha power conversion is indicated ascos ϕ, the unity power factor.

Reactive powerElectrical machines work on theprinciple of conversion of electro-magnetic energy (e.g. electricmotors, transformers). Part of theinput energy is consumed tocreate and maintain the magneticfield. Inductive loads shift the anglebetween voltage and current (toa value > 0). Power created byportions of V and I waveformshaving opposite directions (+ and –) is called reactive power.This part of the energy (magneticreversal energy), defined asreactive power Q in volt amperereactive [var], cannot be convertedinto active power and is returnedto the electrical supply networkduring changes of the magneticfield. But the same amount ofenergy will be consumed by thenetwork again and required forthe next change of the magneticfield.

Q = 3 * V * I * sin ϕ [var]

Apparent PowerIn principle, applications of electricalequipment are based on conversionof electrical energy into some otherform of energy. The electrical powerdrawn by equipment from thesource is termed apparent power,indicated by S in volt ampere [VA],and consists of active and reactivepower.

S = 3 * V * I [VA]

Power factorElectrically, the power factor (indi-cated by k) of an electric circuit isdefined as the cosine of the phaseangle between the fundamental ofvoltage and current waveforms.Another definition of power factoris the ratio between active powerand apparent power.

power factor cos ϕ = active power / apparent power = P / S

Reactive power compensation Magnetic reversal energy suppliedto the network (reactive power) incircuits without compensation canbe stored temporarily in capacitorsand then used for the nextchange of magnetism, i.e. circuitswith reactive power compensa-tion. To calculate the requiredcapacitor reactive power QC in volt ampere reactive [var], thefollowing formula is used:

QC = P * (tan ϕ1 – tan ϕ2) [var]

A capacitor of QC kvar will compen-sate the inductive Q and compen-sate to a cos ϕ of 1. It is notcommon practice to aim for a cosϕ of 1 by installation of capacitorssince it may result in overcompen-sation due to load changes andresponse time of the controller.Generally, public utilities or powercompanies specify a value (cos ϕ2)to which the existing power factor(cos ϕ1) should be corrected.

Fundamentals of Power Factor CorrectionFormulas

69EPCOS AG


Connection and rating of capacitorsA general expression for the kvarrating of a capacitor:

QC = VC * IC [var]

VC * VC (VC)2QC = –––––––– = –––––XC XC

1 1XC = ––––– = ––––––––– * C 2 * f * C

QC = (VC)2 * * C = (VC)2 * 2 * f * C

Capacitor in single-phase PFCapplicationThe capacitor is connectedbetween the phase and neutralconductors and is subjected to thephase-neutral voltage (see above).

Capacitor in three-phase PFCapplication

STAR connectionThe capacitor is subject to avoltage of (VL / 3).

Thus total kvar compensation iscalculated as:

(VL)2QTOT = 3 * –––––– * * C(3)2

QTOT QTOTCSTAR = ––––––––– = –––––––––––––(VL)2 * (VL)2 * 2 * f

DELTA connectionThe capacitor is subjected to linevoltage VL, phase to phase.

Thus total kvar compensation iscalculated as:

QTOT = 3 * (VL)2 * * C

QTOT QTOTCDELTA = –––––––––– = ––––––––––––––3* (VL)2 * 3* (VL)2 * 2 * f

As a conclusion one can say:

CSTARCDELTA = –––––3

So PFC configurations are usuallydelta connected because star con-nection requires three times thecapacitance of a delta connection.

Calculation of capacitor ratingfor industrial installation

Example 1:Given parameters:

Induction motor 220 kWNetwork 440 VAC, (line delta) 3-phaseFrequency 50 HzPower factor– Current cos ϕ 0.7– Target cos ϕ 0.9

Calculation: Capacitor ratings for – STAR connection– DELTA connection

Target to correct the power factorto 0.9:

cos ϕ1 = 0.7 tan ϕ1 = 1.02cos ϕ2 = 0.9 tan ϕ2 = 0.48

QC = P (tan ϕ1 – tan ϕ2) = 220 * 1000 (1.02 – 0.48) = 118.8 kvar

STAR connection

VL 440VC = –––– = –––– = 254 V3 3

QTOT QTOTCSTAR = ––––––––– = –––––––––––––(VL)2 * (VL)2 * 2 * f

118.8 * 1000CSTAR = ––––––––––––––––– =(440)2 * 2 * 50

= 1954 µF / Line (phase)

CTOT = 5862 µF

DELTA connection

VC = VL = 440 V

QTOT QTOTCDELTA = –––––––––– = ––––––––––––––3*(VL)2 *· 3*(VL)2 * 2 * f

118.8 * 1000CDELTA = ––––––––––––––––––––– =3 * (440)2 * 2 * 50

= 651 µF / Line (phase)

CTOT = 1954 µF

Delta connection

VL651 µF

118.8 kvar

440 V/ 50 Hz

M

220 kWcos=0.7

Star connection

VL

1954 µF

70 EPCOS AG

Capacitor type selection (e.g. PhaseCap B25667…)

To reach the target cos ϕ of 0.9,118.8 kvar are required.

25 kvar * 4 + 18.8 kvar = 118.8 kvar= 4 pcs B25667A4417A375 +

1 pc B25667A4307A365 = 4 * 3 * 137 + 1 * 3 * 103 = 1953 µF / phase

Apparent power transmission

Due to power factor correction,the required apparent power trans-mission can be reduced by thevalue S1 – S2.

S1 uncompensated load:S1 = P / cos ϕ1 = 220 / 0.7 =

= 314 kVA

S2 compensated load:S2 = P / cos ϕ2 = 220 / 0.9 =

= 244 kVA

Reduction of apparent power aftercompensation:

S1 – S2 = 70 kVA

Thus, additional power of 70 * (0.9) = 63 kW can be supplied and transferred viathe existing network.

The power losses decrease withthe square of the current.PV1 – PV2 = I12 – I22

= approx. S12 – S2

2

The resistive transmission losses(power loss) PV are reduced by:

(S12 – S2

2) * 100% =S1

2

[(314)2 – (244)2] * 100% = 39.6%(314)2

Cable cross section calculation

Line current drawn by the motor:

I1 uncompensated load (0.7):

220 * 1000I1 = ––––––––––––––––– = 412 A3 * 440 * (0.7)

I2 compensated load (0.9):

220 * 1000I2 = ––––––––––––––––– = 320 A3 * 440 * (0.9)

Thus, the cable can carry anadditional load of 92 A, or thedesigner can reduce the cablecross-section.

Example 2:Given parameters:– Active power

P = 100 kW (peak)– Actual cos ϕ

= 0.75 = ϕ = 41.5° = tan ϕ1 = 0.88– Target cos ϕ*

= 0.93 = ϕ = 21.5° = tan ϕ2 = 0.4* set by power utility

Calculation of compensation:

QC = P * (tan ϕ1 – tan ϕ2)= 100 * (0.88 – 0.4)= 48 kvar

to be compensated to meet thepower factor requirement set bythe power utility. Common com-pensation would recommend acapacitor of at least 50 kvar.

Calculation using capacitor’sreactive power QC table:

cos ϕa (actual) = 0.75*cos ϕt (target) = 0.94** the cross point indicates factor

F = 0.52

QC = P * F = 100 * 0.52 = = 52.0 kvar

The required appropriate compen-sation to meet a cos ϕ of 0.93 is≥ 52.0 kvar

Capacitor output in case ofoperating voltage and/orfrequency different to nominalratings:

VNew2 fNewQNew = (–––––) * ––––* QCVR fR


71EPCOS AG

Fundamentals of Power Factor CorrectionCautions Installation and Maintenance

Ambient temperature

Capacitors are divided into tem-perature classes. Each class is represented by a number followedby a letter, e.g. –25 °/D. The numberis the lowest ambient temperatureat which a capacitor may operate.The upper limit temperature is indi-cated by the letter D, standing for55 °C. A maximum case tempera-ture of 60 °C must not be exceed-ed. Temperature is one of the mainstress factors for polypropylenecapacitors, having a major effecton their useful life. For highertemperature requirements up to70 °C (with natural cooling) MKVcapacitors from EPCOS should beselected.

Exceeding maximum allowedtemperature may set the safetydevice out of operation.

Inrush current

Switching LV PFC capacitors,especially when they are in parallelwith others that are already ener-gized, can cause high inrush cur-rents of up to 200 times ratedcurrent. This leads to additionalstress on contactors as well ascapacitors and reduces their usefullife. In addition, high inrush currentshave a negative effect on powerquality, producing transients andvoltage drops for example.

Although the MKK AC design withits wavy cut features excellentpulse withstand capability, limita-tion of inrush current is still recom-mended, e.g. for:

contactors with prechargingresistors,

serial air coils (> eight turns inthe connecting cable betweencontactor and capacitor with adiameter of 10 cm).

As per IEC 831 standard, a maxi-mum of 5 000 switching operationsis acceptable. Before considering ahigher number of switching opera-tions, please contact EPCOS.

Harmonics

Harmonics are produced in theoperation of electric loads with anonlinear voltage/current charac-teristic (e.g. rectifiers and invertersfor drives, welding apparatus anduninterruptible power supplies).Harmonics are sinusoidal voltagesand currents with higher frequen-cies of a multiple of the 50 or 60 Hz line frequency.Note: In applications subject toharmonics, you should only usepower capacitors with reactors,so called detuned capacitor banks.Depending on the selected seriesresonant frequency, part of theharmonic current is absorbed bythe power capacitor. The remain-der of the harmonic current flowsinto the superordinate system.

The use of power capacitors withreactors reduces harmonic distor-tion and lessens the disturbingeffect on proper operation of otherelectric loads.A major reason for installingdetuned capacitor banks is toavoid resonance. Resonance canmultiply existing harmonics andcreate power quality problems,as well as causing damage todistribution equipment.

Resonance cases must beavoided by appropriate appli-cation design in any case!Max. total RMS capacitorcurrent (incl. fundamentalharmonic current) specified intechnical data of the specificseries must not be exceeded.

Safety

Ensure good, effective ground-ing for capacitor enclosures.

Provide means of disconnectingand insulating a faulty compo-nent/bank.

Handle capacitors carefully,because they may still becharged even after disconnec-tion due to faulty dischargingdevices.

Follow good engineeringpractice.

Do not use HRC fuses to powera capacitor up and down (risk ofarcing).

Remember that the terminals ofcapacitors, connected bus barsand cables as well as otherdevices may also be energized.

EPCOS AG72

Overcurrent and short circuitprotection

Use HRC fuses or MCCBs forshort circuit protection. Shortcircuit protection and connectingcables should be selected sothat 1.5 times the ratedcapacitor current can be perma-nently handled.

HRC fuses do not protect acapacitor against overload –they are only for short circuitprotection.

The HRC fuse rating should be1.6 to 1.8 times rated capacitorcurrent.

Do not use HRC fuses to switchcapacitors (risk of arcing).

Use thermal / thermal magneticovercurrent relays for overloadprotection.

Maintenance

Periodically check that connec-tions and terminals are tight.

Regularly clean terminals/bush-ings to avoid short circuits due todust and soiling.

Check short circuit protectionfuses.

Make a current reading twiceannually to see if applicationconditions have altered.

Consider upgrading or modifyingthe PFC system if the applicationenvironment has changed.

In the event of a current abovenominal, check your applicationfor possible modification.

In the event of a significantincrease in nonlinear loading, callin a consultant for a harmonicsexamination.


If harmonics are present, con-sider installation of a detunedcapacitor bank (reactors).

Check discharge resistors/reac-tors and their functioning:– Power the capacitor up and

down.– The voltage across the termi-

nals must fall to < 75 V within60 s.

FAILURE TO FOLLOWCAUTIONS (P. 71–74) MAYRESULT, WORST CASE, IN PREMATURE FAILURES,BURSTING AND FIRE.PLEASE REFER TO PAGE 8–13.

73EPCOS AG


Mounting

Power capacitors should be installed in a cool and well ventilated location, and notclose to objects that give off heat, like filter circuit reactors and furnaces, or in directsunlight.

Leave enough space ontop of the capacitor anddo not fix any mountingcomponents at thecrimp or on top to allowlongitudinal expansionof the can and properfunctioning of the over-pressure disconnector.

The M12 stud also serves for grounding.Connect to ground or connect the capaci-tor to other conductive items that aregrounded. Note that suitable connectorsmust penetrate existing layers of lacquer toachieve good and constant conduction andsufficient current carrying capability.

Tighten the threaded M12 stud on the bottom of the case with 10 Nmtorque.

A minimum spacingof 20 mm is neces-sary betweencapacitors to ensureproper cooling.

≥ 20 mm

≥ 20 mm

PhaseCap, WindCap:Any mounting position of the capacitor ispossible, vertical and horizontal.

Remember to ensure sufficient cooling.

Capacitors installed in a cabinetshould be at the bottom to ensurethe least temperature stress.

74 EPCOS AG

Connection of supply cables for PhaseCap Premium, PhaseCap HD, WindCap

KLK1683-Y

Contact BlockScrew Terminal

ContactBody Block

Contact Bar

CeramicFeed Through

OhmicDischargeResistor

Connection CableCross Section,16/35 m 2 max.

Connection of capacitors in parallel not recommended; max. 50/130 A max. must not be exceeded at any case!

When connecting supply cables, observe the maximum permissible torque of 1.2 Nm for PhaseCap, PhiCap and WindCap; 2.5 Nm for PhaseCap HD.

The connecting cable should beflexible and of copper.

Do not use hard core cable!

Maximum cable cross-section is 16 mm2 for PhaseCap and WindCap;35 mm2 for PhaseCap HD.

Discharge resistors Discharge resistors are required to discharge capacitors and protect humans

against electric shock hazard as well as to switch capacitors in automatic PFCequipment (opposing phase).

EPCOS discharge resistors are designed to discharge capacitors to 75 V or lesswithin 60 seconds.

Before switching again, capacitors must be discharged to 10% or less of nominalvoltage.

Discharge resistors are included in delivery.

Caution: Discharge and short circuit capacitor before handling!

Note

Discharge resistors must not be configured between a connecting cable and thetop of the capacitor – short circuit risk.

Make sure resistors are firmly clamped and that there is enough space betweenresistors and between them and metallic parts of the capacitor case.

Discharge resistors must not touch any metallic part or the insulation of the cable.

KLK1684-7

Resistor Set

ConnectionCable

ConnectorBody Block

Capacitor Case

Ohmic Discharge

KLK1682-Q

Capacitor Case

Connection Cable

DischargeResistor

Correct mounting Wrong mounting


75EPCOS AG

Fundamentals of Power Factor CorrectionSelection Tables

Power 230 V– 60 Hz 400 V– 50 Hz 440 V– 60 Hz 480 V– 60 Hzkvar Current Fuse Sect. Current Fuse Sect. Current Fuse Sect. Current Fuse Sect.

A A mm2 A A mm2 A A mm2 A A mm2

2.5 6.3 10 2.5 3.6 10 1.5 3.3 10 1.5 3.0 10 1.5

5 12.6 25 4 7.2 16 2.5 6.6 16 2.5 6.0 16 2.5

7.5 18.8 35 6 10.8 16 2.5 9.9 16 2.5 9.0 16 2.5

10 25.1 50 10 14.4 25 4 13.2 25 4 12.0 25 4

15 37.7 63 16 21.6 35 6 19.8 35 6 18.0 35 6

20 50.2 80 25 28.8 50 10 26.4 50 10 24.0 50 10

25 62.8 100 35 36.0 63 16 33.0 63 16 30.0 50 16

30 75.3 125 50 43.2 80 25 39.6 80 25 36.0 63 25

40 100.4 160 70 57.6 100 35 52.8 100 35 48.0 80 35

50 125.5 200 120 72.0 125 35 66.0 125 35 60.0 100 35

75 188.3 350 2 x 95 108.0 160 70 99.0 160 70 90.0 160 70

100 251.0 400 2 x 120 144.0 250 120 132.0 200 120 120.0 200 120

150 216.0 350 2 x 95 198.0 350 2 x 95 180.0 350 2 x 95

200 288.0 500 2 x 120 264.0 500 2 x 120 240.0 400 2 x 120

Standard values: selection table for cables and cross sections

Selection of connecting cablecross-section, HRC fuse rating

The cross-section figures below areguidelines for operation in normalconditions at ambient tempera-tures up to 40 °C. Upgrade accord-ingly if conditions, e.g. temperatureor harmonics, differ.

The internal wiring of a capacitorbank is normally possible with asmaller cross-section. Various para-meters such as temperature insidethe cabinet, cable quality, maxi-mum cable isolation temperature,single- or multi-core cable andcable length have to be consid-ered for proper selection.

76 EPCOS AG

Fundamentals of Power Factor CorrectionSelection Tables

Individual PFC for motors

The capacitor output should be ap-prox. 90% of the apparent powerof the motor when idle. This meansa power factor of 0.9% at full loadand 0.95–0.98 during idling.

Important: The capacitor outputmust not be rated too high forindividual compensated machineswhere the capacitor is directlyconnected with the motor clamp.This especially applies when themachine has a big oscillatingweight and still continues to rotateafter switching off. The capacitorplaced in parallel may act as agenerator for the motor which willcause serious overvoltages. Theconsequence could be heavydamage to the capacitor as wellas to the motor.

Individual PFC of transformers

There are regional differences inthe guidelines of power suppliersconcerning the admissible size ofcapacitors directly connected witha transformer. Therefore a consul-tation with the respective powersupplier is recommend beforeinstallation of a compensationbank. Modern transformers havelaminations which only need lowcapacity to reverse the magnetism.In case the capacitor output is toohigh, stress increase may occurduring idling.

Capacitors with built-in fuseswitches are suitable. When thesecapacitors are directly connectedto the transformer clamps, youmust make sure that the input leadto the capacitor is rated for thefull short circuit power.

IMPORTANT: THE FUSESWITCHES ARE OPERATED BYCAPACITIVE LOAD. TO AVOIDDANGEROUS ARCS, THEY MAYNEVER BE DRAWN UNDERLOAD.

If disconnection of the capacitorshould be possible even when thetransformer is under operation, apower capacitor with automaticswitch must be chosen.

Standard values: Selection table for fixed PFC

Individual motorsMotor Capacitor power in kVAr (according to RPM)

HP 3000 1500 1000 750 500

2.5 1 1 1.5 2 2.5

5 2 2 2.5 3.5 4

7.5 2.5 3 3.5 4.5 5.5

10 3 4 4.5 5.5 6.5

15 4 5 6 7.5 9

20 5 6 7 9 12

25 6 7 9 10.5 14.5

30 7 8 10 12 17

40 9 10 13 15 21

50 11 12.5 16 18 25

60 13 14.5 18 20 28

70 15 16.5 20 22 31

80 17 19 22 24 34

90 19 21 24 26 37

100 21 23 26 28 40

120 25 27 30 32 46

150 31 33 36 38 55

180 37 39 42 44 62

200 40 42 45 47 67

225 44 46 49 51 72

250 48 50 53 65 76

TransformersTransfomer Capacitor power

kVA kvar

100 5

160 6.25

200 7.5

250 10

315 12.5

400 15

500 20

630 25

800 30

1000 40

1250 50

1600 60

2000 80

77EPCOS AG

Fundamentals of Power Factor CorrectionDetuned Filtering (PFC-DF)

General

When installing capacitors for PFCpurposes, we face the problem ofdealing with harmonics. We have to take them into account whendesigning the PFC system in orderto prevent parallel and / or seriesresonance conditions that woulddamage the whole electrical sys-tem.

When PFC capacitors are connec-ted, the inductance of the trans-former together with the capacitorsform a resonant circuit that couldbe excited by a harmonic currentgenerated by the load. This reso-nant circuit has a resonance fre-quency, and if a harmonic currentof this frequency (or close to it)

exists, it will lead the circuit into aresonance condition where highcurrent will flow through thebranches (L: the transformer andC: the capacitor bank), overloadingthem and raising the voltage acrossthem and across the whole electri-cal system that is connected inparallel.

PFC detuned filtering is a tech-nique to correct the power factoravoiding the risk of resonancecondition performed by shiftingthe resonance frequency to lowervalues where no harmonic currentsare present.

This is achieved by modifying thebasic LC circuit formed by thetransformer and the capacitor

bank, introducing a filter reactor inseries with the capacitors, makingthis way a more complex resonantcircuit but with the desired featureof having a resonance frequencybelow the first existing harmonic.This way it’s not possible to have areal resonance condition.

Besides this main objective, thereactor connected in series withcapacitors form a series resonantcircuit with a certain tuningfrequency at which the branchwill offer a low impedance path.Filtering of harmonic currents and“cleaning” of the grid will beachieved.

Components for PFC detunedfilters must be carefully selectedaccording to the desired PFCpurpose, to the harmonics presentin the system, to some featuresof the system like short circuitpower and impedances, to thedesired filtering effect and to thecharacteristics of the resonantcircuit configured.

For example, the voltage acrossthe capacitors will be higher thanthe nominal grid voltage when theyhave a reactor connected in series.

The reactors must be selected inline with the inductance value toobtain the desired tuning frequencyand current capability high enoughfor the harmonic current absorptionthat can be expected. The tuningfrequency is usually indirectlyreferred to as the detuning factor pand expressed as a percentage.

PFC detuned filtering is an engi-neering speciality that takesexperienced know-how to imple-ment it in a satisfying and safe way.

The next page shows someguidelines for design and selectionof components for PFC-DF.

78 EPCOS AG

Top 10 considerations for High-Performance PFC-DF

Determine the necessaryeffective power (kvar) of thecapacitor bank in order toobtain the desired PF.

Design the capacitor stages insuch a way that the sensibilityof the bank is around 15–20%of the total available power. It`snot useful to have a more sen-sitive bank that reacts with a 5or 10% of the total powerbecause this would lead to ahigh amount of switching oper-ations, wasting the equipmentunnecessarily when the realobjective is to have a highaverage PF.

2

1

Try to design the bank withstandard kvar values of effec-tive power steps, preferablymultiples of 25 kvar.

Measure the presence ofharmonic currents in the mainfeeder cable of the systemwithout capacitors at all possi-ble load conditions. Determinefrequency and maximumamplitude for every harmonicthat could exist.Calculate the Total HarmonicDistortion of Current THD-I = 100 * SQR[(I3)2+(I5)2+ ... +(IR)2]/IlCalculate every existing valuefor THD-IR = 100 * IR/Il

4

3 Measure the presence of har-monic voltages that mightcome from outside yoursystem, if possible measure the HV side.Calculate the Total HarmonicDistortion of Voltage THD-V = 100 * SQR[(U3)2+(U5)2+ ... +(UN)2]/Ul

Are there harmonics such as, THD-I > 10% or THD-V > 3%(measured without capacitors)?If YES use PFC-DF and goto consideration 7If NO use standard PFC andskip considerations 7, 8 and 9

6

5

Is there 3rd harmonic content,I3 > 0.2 * I5?If YES use PFC-DF with p = 14% and skipconsideration 8 If NO use PFC-DF with p = 7% or 5.67%and go to consideration 8

THD-V is: 3–7% use PFC-DF with p = 7% >7% use PFC-DF with p = 5.67% >10% ask for special filterdesign

8

7 Select the proper componentsusing EPCOS tables for PFC-DF and standard values foreffective power, the voltageand frequency of your grid,and the determined detunedfactor p.

9 Always use genuine EPCOSapplication-specific designedcomponents for PFC-DF.Please observe that reactorsare specified for their effectivepower at grid voltage and fre-quency. This power will be thereal effective power of thewhole LC set at fundamentalfrequency. Capacitors forPFC-DF must be selected fora higher rated voltage than thegrid’s because of the overvolt-age caused by the seriesconnection with the reactor. Contactors for capacitorsare designed as application-specific to reduce inrushcapacitors currents and tohandle capacitive loads in areliable way.

10

Fundamentals of Power Factor CorrectionDetuned Filtering (PFC-DF)

79EPCOS AG

QC = PA * (tan 1– tan 2)QC [kvar] = PA * F = active power [kW] * factor “F”

PA = S * cos = apparent power * cos tan 1 + 2 according to cos values ref. table

Example:Actual motor power P = 100 kWACTUAL cos 0.61TARGET cos 0.96Factor F from table 1.01Capacitor reactive power QC

QC = 100 * 1.01 = 101.0 kvar

TARGETcos = 0.96

Q

cos ≤ 1

Qc

current achievable (ACTUAL) (TARGET)

tan cos cos 0.80 0.82 0.85 0.88 0.90 0.92 0.94 0.96 0.98 1.00

Faktor F

3.18 0.30 2.43 2.48 2.56 2.64 2.70 2.75 2.82 2.89 2.98 3.182.96 0.32 2.21 2.26 2.34 2.42 2.48 2.53 2.60 2.67 2.76 2.962.77 0.34 2.02 2.07 2.15 2.23 2.28 2.34 2.41 2.48 2.56 2.772.59 0.36 1.84 1.89 1.97 2.05 2.10 2.17 2.23 2.30 2.39 2.592.43 0.38 1.68 1.73 1.81 1.89 1.95 2.01 2.07 2.14 2.23 2.432.29 0.40 1.54 1.59 1.67 1.75 1.81 1.87 1.93 2.00 2.09 2.292.16 0.42 1.41 1.46 1.54 1.62 1.68 1.73 1.80 1.87 1.96 2.162.04 0.44 1.29 1.34 1.42 1.50 1.56 1.61 1.68 1.75 1.84 2.041.93 0.46 1.18 1.23 1.31 1.39 1.45 1.50 1.57 1.64 1.73 1.931.83 0.48 1.08 1.13 1.21 1.29 1.34 1.40 1.47 1.54 1.62 1.831.73 0.50 0.98 1.03 1.11 1.19 1.25 1.31 1.37 1.45 1.63 1.731.64 0.52 0.89 0.94 1.02 1.10 1.16 1.22 1.28 1.35 1.44 1.641.56 0.54 0.81 0.86 0.94 1.02 1.07 1.13 1.20 1.27 1.36 1.561.48 0.56 0.73 0.78 0.86 0.94 1.00 1.05 1.12 1.19 1.28 1.481.40 0.58 0.65 0.70 0.78 0.86 0.92 0.98 1.04 1.11 1.20 1.401.33 0.60 0.58 0.63 0.71 0.79 0.85 0.91 0.97 1.04 1.13 1.331.30 0.61 0.55 0.60 0.68 0.76 0.81 0.87 0.94 1.01 1.10 1.301.27 0.62 0.52 0.57 0.65 0.73 0.78 0.84 0.91 0.99 1.06 1.271.23 0.63 0.48 0.53 0.61 0.69 0.75 0.81 0.87 0.94 1.03 1.231.20 0.64 0.45 0.50 0.58 0.66 0.72 0.77 0.84 0.91 1.00 1.201.17 0.65 0.42 0.47 0.55 0.63 0.68 0.74 0.81 0.88 0.97 1.171.14 0.66 0.39 0.44 0.52 0.60 0.65 0.71 0.78 0.85 0.94 1.141.11 0.67 0.36 0.41 0.49 0.57 0.63 0.68 0.75 0.82 0.90 1.111.08 0.68 0.33 0.38 0.46 0.54 0.59 0.65 0.72 0.79 0.88 1.081.05 0.69 0.30 0.35 0.43 0.51 0.56 0.62 0.69 0.76 0.85 1.051.02 0.70 0.27 0.32 0.40 0.48 0.54 0.59 0.66 0.73 0.82 1.020.99 0.71 0.24 0.29 0.37 0.45 0.51 0.57 0.63 0.70 0.79 0.990.96 0.72 0.21 0.26 0.34 0.42 0.48 0.54 0.60 0.67 0.76 0.960.94 0.73 0.19 0.24 0.32 0.40 0.45 0.51 0.58 0.65 0.73 0.940.91 0.74 0.16 0.21 0.29 0.37 0.42 0.48 0.55 0.62 0.71 0.910.88 0.75 0.13 0.18 0.26 0.34 0.40 0.46 0.52 0.59 0.68 0.880.86 0.76 0.11 0.16 0.24 0.32 0.37 0.43 0.50 0.57 0.65 0.860.83 0.77 0.08 0.13 0.21 0.29 0.34 0.40 0.47 0.54 0.63 0.830.80 0.78 0.05 0.10 0.18 0.26 0.32 0.38 0.44 0.51 0.60 0.800.78 0.79 0.03 0.08 0.16 0.24 0.29 0.35 0.42 0.49 0.57 0.780.75 0.80 0.05 0.13 0.21 0.27 0.32 0.39 0.46 0.55 0.750.72 0.81 0.10 0.18 0.24 0.30 0.36 0.43 0.52 0.720.70 0.82 0.08 0.16 0.21 0.27 0.34 0.41 0.49 0.700.67 0.83 0.05 0.13 0.19 0.25 0.31 0.38 0.47 0.670.65 0.84 0.03 0.11 0.16 0.22 0.29 0.36 0.44 0.650.62 0.85 0.08 0.14 0.19 0.26 0.33 0.42 0.620.59 0.86 0.05 0.11 0.17 0.23 0.30 0.39 0.590.57 0.87 0.08 0.14 0.21 0.28 0.36 0.570.54 0.88 0.06 0.11 0.18 0.25 0.34 0.540.51 0.89 0.03 0.09 0.15 0.22 0.31 0.510.48 0.90 0.06 0.12 0.19 0.28 0.480.46 0.91 0.03 0.10 0.17 0.25 0.460.43 0.92 0.07 0.14 0.22 0.430.40 0.93 0.04 0.11 0.19 0.400.36 0.94 0.07 0.16 0.360.33 0.95 0.13 0.33

Qc = Pmot * F (0.96) = …[kvar]100 * 1.01 = 101.0 kvar

Fundamentals of Power Factor CorrectionDefinition of Capacitor Reactive Power Qc

80 EPCOS AG

Detuning Factor Effective filter Voltage increase Selected Capacitor Calculatedoutput on capacitor capacitor voltage (min.) output capacitance

% kvar V V kvar 3*µF

5.67 10.00 424 440 11 62

5.67 12.50 424 440 14 78

5.67 20.00 424 440 22 125

5.67 25.00 424 440 28 156

5.67 40.00 424 440 45 250

5.67 50.00 424 440 57 312

5.67 75.00 424 440 85 469

5.67 100.00 424 440 114 625

7 10.00 430 440 11 61

7 12.50 430 440 14 77

7 20.00 430 440 22 123

7 25.00 430 440 28 154

7 40.00 430 440 45 246

7 50.00 430 440 56 308

7 75.00 430 440 84 462

7 100.00 430 440 112 617

14 10.00 465 480 12 57

14 12.50 465 480 15 71

14 20.00 465 480 24 114

14 25.00 465 480 30 142

14 40.00 465 480 49 228

14 50.00 465 480 61 285

14 75.00 465 480 92 427

14 100.00 465 480 123 570

Grid voltage: 400 V – 50 Hz detuned filters components selection table

5.67 25.00 424 440 28 130

5.67 50.00 424 440 57 260

5.67 75.00 424 440 85 391

5.67 100.00 424 440 114 521

7 25.00 430 440 28 128

7 50.00 430 440 56 257

7 75.00 430 440 84 385

7 100.00 430 440 112 514

14 25.00 465 480 30 118

14 50.00 465 480 61 237

14 75.00 465 480 92 356

14 100.00 465 480 123 475


Fundamentals of Power Factor CorrectionComponent Selection Table for LV PFC Antiresonance Filter Circuits

81EPCOS AG

Reactor Capacitor Reactor Contactor Cable* Fuse**inductivity ordering code ordering code ordering code cross-section rating

mH mm2 A

3.063 1 x B25667A4187A375 B44066D5010S400 B44066S1810J230 6 25

2.450 1 x B25667A4237A365 B44066D5012S400 B44066S1810J230 6 35

1.531 1 x B25667A4417A375 B44066D5020S400 B44066S2410J230 10 50

1.225 1 x B25667A4467A365 B44066D5025S400 B44066S3210J230 16 63

0.766 1 x B25667A4347A375 B44066D5040S400 B44066S6210J230 25 1001 x B25667A4417A375

0.613 2 x B25667A4467A365 B44066D5050S400 B44066S6210J230 35 125

0.408 3 x B25667A4467A365 B44066D5075S400 B44066S7410J230 50 200

0.306 4 x B25667A4467A365 B44066D5100S400 – 70 250

3.835 1 x B25667A4187A375 B44066D7010S400 B44066S1810J230 6 25

3.068 1 x B25667A4237A365 B44066D7012S400 B44066S1810J230 6 35

1.918 1 x B25667A4417A375 B44066D7020S400 B44066S2410J230 10 50

1.534 1 x B25667A4467A365 B44066D7025S400 B44066S3210J230 16 63

0.959 1 x B25667A4347A375 B44066D7040S400 B44066S6210J230 25 1001 x B25667A4417A375

0.767 2 x B25667A4467A365 B44066D7050S400 B44066S6210J230 35 125

0.511 3 x B25667A4467A365 B44066D7075S400 B44066S7410J230 50 200

0.384 4 x B25667A4467A365 B44066D7100S400 – 70 250

8.295 1 x B25667A4177A365 B44066D1410S400 B44066S1810J230 6 25

6.636 1 x B25667A4207A365 B44066D1412S400 B44066S1810J230 6 35

4.148 1 x B25667A4347A365 B44066D1420S400 B44066S2410J230 10 50

3.318 1 x B25667S4427J375 B44066D1425S400 B44066S3210J230 16 63

2.074 2 x B25667A4347A365 B44066D1440S400 B44066S6210J230 25 100

1.659 2 x B25667S4427J375 B44066D1450S400 B44066S6210J230 35 125

1.106 3 x B25667S4427J375 B44066D1475S400 B44066S7410J230 50 200

0.830 4 x B25667S4427J375 B44066D1499S400 – 70 250

1.021 1 x B25667A4417A375 B44066D5025S401 B44066S3210J230 16 63

0.510 2 x B25667A4417A375 B44066D5050S401 B44066S6210J230 35 125

0.340 3 x B25667A4417A375 B44066D5075S401 B44066S7410J230 50 200

0.255 4 x B25667A4417A375 B44066D5100S401 – 70 250

1.278 1 x B25667A4417A375 B44066D7025S401 B44066S3210J230 16 63

0.639 2 x B25667A4417A375 B44066D7050S401 B44066S6210J230 35 125

0.426 3 x B25667A4417A375 B44066D7075S401 B44066S7410J230 50 200

0.320 4 x B25667A4417A375 B44066D7100S401 – 70 250

2.765 1 x B25667A4347A365 B44066D1425S401 B44066S3210J230 16 63

1.383 2 x B25667A4347A365 B44066D1450S401 B44066S6210J230 35 125

0.922 3 x B25667A4347A365 B44066D1475S401 B44066S7410J230 50 200

0.691 4 x B25667A4347A365 B44066D1499S401 – 70 250

* Cable-cross section of capacitor bank internal wiring per selected kvar stage, e.g. between fuse-contactor-reactor-total capacitor output. Flexible copper wire to be used

** Fuse size of HRC fuses for short circuit protection of each individual stage of a capacitor bank

82 EPCOS AG



5.67 10.00 466 480 11 51

5.67 12.50 466 480 14 64

5.67 20.00 466 480 22 103

5.67 25.00 466 480 28 129

5.67 40.00 466 480 44 206

5.67 50.00 466 480 56 258

5.67 75.00 466 480 84 387

5.67 100.00 466 480 112 517

7 10.00 473 480 11 50

7 12.50 473 480 13 63

7 20.00 473 480 22 101

7 25.00 473 480 27 127

7 40.00 473 480 44 203

7 50.00 473 480 55 254

7 75.00 473 480 83 382

7 100.00 473 480 110 509

14 10.00 512 525 12 47

14 12.50 512 525 15 58

14 20.00 512 525 24 94

14 25.00 512 525 30 117

14 40.00 512 525 48 188

14 50.00 512 525 61 235

14 75.00 512 525 91 353

14 100.00 512 525 122 471



83EPCOS AG


mH mm2 A

3.706 1 x B25667A4177A365 B44066D5010S440 B44066S1810J230 6 25

2.965 1 x B25667A4207A365 B44066D5012S440 B44066S1810J230 6 35

1.853 1 x B25667A4287A375 B44066D5020S440 B44066S2410J230 10 50

1.482 1 x B25667A4177A365 B44066D5025S440 B44066S3210J230 16 631 x B25667A4207A365

0.927 1 x B25667A4287A375 B44066D5040S440 B44066S6210J230 25 1001 x B25667A4347A365

0.741 1 x B25667A4347A365 B44066D5050S440 B44066S6210J230 35 1251 x B25667S4427J375

0.494 1 x B25667A4287A375 B44066D5075S440 B44066S7410J230 50 2002 x B25667S4427J375

0.371 2 x B25667A4347A365 B44066D5100S440 – 70 2502 x B25667S4427J375

4.641 1 x B25667A4147A375 B44066D7010S440 B44066S1810J230 6 25

3.713 1 x B25667A4207A365 B44066D7012S440 B44066S1810J230 6 50

2.320 1 x B25667A4287A375 B44066D7020S440 B44066S2410J230 10 50

1.856 1 x B25667A4177A365 B44066D7025S440 B44066S3210J230 16 631 x B25667A4207A365

1.160 1 x B25667A4287A375 B44066D7040S440 B44066S6210J230 25 1001 x B25667A4347A365

0.928 1 x B25667S4427J375 B44066D7050S440 B44066S6210J230 35 1251 x B25667A4347A365

0.619 1 x B25667A4287A375 B44066D7075S440 B44066S7410J230 50 2002 x B25667S4427J375

0.464 2 x B25667A4347A365 B44066D7100S440 – 70 2502 x B25667S4427J375

10.037 1 x B25667A5147A375 B44066D1410S440 B44066S1810J230 6 25

8.030 1 x B25667A5177A375 B44066D1412S440 B44066S1810J230 6 35

5.019 1 x B25667A5287A375 B44066D1420S440 B44066S2410J230 10 50

4.015 1 x B25667A5347J375 B44066D1425S440 B44066S3210J230 16 63

2.509 2 x B25667A5287A375 B44066D1440S440 B44066S6210J230 25 100

2.007 2 x B25667A5347J375 B44066D1450S440 B44066S6210J230 35 125

1.338 3 x B25667A5347J375 B44066D1475S440 B44066S7410J230 50 200

1.004 4 x B25667A5347J375 B44066D1499S440 – 70 250

* Cable cross-section of capacitor bank internal wiring per selected kvar stage, e.g. between fuse-contactor-reactor-total capacitor output. Flexible copper wire to be used


84 EPCOS AG



5.67 25.00 466 480 28 107

5.67 50.00 466 480 56 215

5.67 75.00 466 480 84 323

5.67 100.00 466 480 112 431

7 25.00 473 480 27 106

7 50.00 473 480 55 212

7 75.00 473 480 83 318

7 100.00 473 480 110 424

14 25.00 512 525 30 98

14 50.00 512 525 61 196

14 75.00 512 525 91 294

14 100.00 512 525 122 392



5.67 25.00 509 525 28 90

5.67 50.00 509 525 56 181

5.67 75.00 509 525 84 271

5.67 100.00 509 525 112 362

7 25.00 516 525 27 89

7 50.00 516 525 55 178

7 75.00 516 525 83 267

7 100.00 516 525 111 357

14 25.00 558 690 44 82

14 50.00 558 690 88 165

14 75.00 558 690 133 247

14 100.00 558 690 177 330


85EPCOS AG


mH mm2 A

1.235 1 x B25667A4347A365 B44066D5025S441 B44066S3210J230 16 63

0.618 2 x B25667A4347A365 B44066D5050S441 B44066S6210J230 35 125

0.412 3 x B25667A4347A365 B44066D5075S441 B44066S7410J230 50 200

0.309 4 x B25667A4347A365 B44066D5100S441 – 70 250

1.547 1 x B25667A4347A365 B44066D7025S441 B44066S3210J230 16 63

0.773 2 x B25667A4347A365 B44066D7050S441 B44066S6210J230 35 125

0.516 3 x B25667A4347A365 B44066D7075S441 B44066S7410J230 50 200

0.387 4 x B25667A4347A365 B44066D7100S441 – 70 250

3.346 1 x B25667A5287A375 B44066D1425S441 B44066S3210J230 16 63

1.673 2 x B25667A5287A375 B44066D1450S441 B44066S6210J230 35 125

1.115 3 x B25667A5287A375 B44066D1475S441 B44066S7410J230 50 200

0.836 4 x B25667A5287A375 B44066D1499S441 – 70 250

1.470 1 x B25667A5287A375 B44066D5025S481 B44066S3210J230 16 63

0.735 2 x B25667A5287A375 B44066D5050S481 B44066S6210J230 35 125

0.490 3 x B25667A5287A375 B44066D5075S481 B44066S7410J230 50 200

0.368 4 x B25667A5287A375 B44066D5100S481 – 70 250

1.841 1 x B25667A5287A375 B44066D7025S481 B44066S3210J230 16 63

0.920 2 x B25667A5287A375 B44066D7050S481 B44066S6210J230 35 125

0.614 3 x B25667A5287A375 B44066D7075S481 B44066S7410J230 50 200

0.460 4 x B25667A5287A375 B44066D7100S481 – 70 250

3.982 1 x B25668A6107A375 B44066D1425S481 B44066S3210J230 16 631 x B25668A6137A375

1.991 2 x B25668A6107A375 B44066D1450S481 B44066S6210J230 35 1252 x B25668A6137A375

1.327 3 x B25668A6107A375 B44066D1475S481 B44066S7410J230 50 2003 x B25668A6137A375

0.995 4 x B25668A6107A375 B44066D1499S481 – 70 2504 x B25668A6137A375

* Cable cross-section of capacitor bank internal wiring per selected kvar stage, e.g. between fuse-contactor-reactor-total capacitor output. Flexible copper wire to be used


86 EPCOS AG

87EPCOS AG

Fundamentals of Power Factor CorrectionFurther Publications

Title / Language Ordering code

Technical publicationsYou can order these publications from your local EPCOS sales office or online at www.epcos.com.

General PFC catalog 2004 (English) EPC:26012-7600

PFC Controller BR6000 (English) EPC:26010-7600

Application Note: Damping of Inrush Current (English) EPC:26008-7600

You can order the following publications via our PFC Hotline.

PFC Controller Prophi (English and German)

Manual PFC Controller Prophi (English)

Manual PFC Controller BR6000 (English)

Application Note: Dynamic Power Factor Correction (English)

General publicationsMore Power with PhaseCap Reprint from Components Magazine (English)

Yellow cUL Listening Card for MKK series

Poster: PhaseCap HD – 2 in 1 (format 66 cm x 99 cm)

Poster: PhaseCap – Capacitors for Power Factor Correction (format 66 cm x 99 cm)

PFC Hotline:

EPCOS AGFK PM PFCPhone: ++49 89 636 2 38 17Fax: ++49 89 636 2 27 48

Herausgegeben von EPCOS AGUnternehmenskommunikation, Postfach 80 17 09, 81617 München, DEUTSCHLAND ++49 89 636 09, FAX (0 89) 636-2 26 89

EPCOS AG 2004. Vervielfältigung, Veröffentlichung, Verbreitung und Verwertung dieser Broschüre und ihres Inhalts ohne aus-drückliche Genehmigung der EPCOS AG nicht gestattet.

Bestellungen unterliegen den vom ZVEI empfohlenen Allgemeinen Lieferbedingungen für Erzeugnisse und Leistungen der Elek-troindustrie, soweit nichts anderes vereinbart wird.

Diese Broschüre ersetzt die vorige Ausgabe.

Fragen über Technik, Preise und Liefermöglichkeiten richten Sie bitte an den Ihnen nächstgelegenen Vertrieb der EPCOS AGoder an unsere Vertriebsgesellschaften im Ausland. Bauelemente können aufgrund technischer Erfordernisse Gefahrstoffe ent-halten. Auskünfte darüber bitten wir unter Angabe des betreffenden Typs ebenfalls über die zuständige Vertriebsgesellschaft ein-zuholen.

Published by EPCOS AGCorporate Communications, P.O. Box 80 17 09, 81617 Munich, GERMANY ++49 89 636 09, FAX (0 89) 636-2 26 89

EPCOS AG 2004. Reproduction, publication and dissemination of this brochure and the information contained therein withoutEPCOS’ prior express consent is prohibited.

Purchase orders are subject to the General Conditions for the Supply of Products and Services of the Electrical and ElectronicsIndustry recommended by the ZVEI (German Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers’ Association), unless otherwise agreed.

This brochure replaces the previous edition.

For questions on technology, prices and delivery please contact the Sales Offices of EPCOS AG or the international Representa-tives.

Due to technical requirements components may contain dangerous substances. For information on the type in question pleasealso contact one of our Sales Offices. Release: July 16, 2004

Documents

Power Factor Correction - KVC Industrial Supplies Sdn Bhd · Five PFC capacitor series for power factor correction and detuned filter Parameter Symbol/Unit PhaseCap™ Premium