Potential HTS Magnet Projects for MagLab

InvolvementMark D. Bird, et al.

Director of Magnet Science & Technology Division, NHMFL

1

SC Demo Coils do not require quench protection,

reliable technology.

SC User Magnets do!

2

• Hypersonic Windtunnel (Army)• ZeEMANS (SNS)• 30 T (1.28 GHz) NMR

– MIT– Nat. Inst. Mat. Science, Japan– Commercial Sources– MagLab

• Other High-Field YBCO Solenoids• 55 – 60 DC

Outline

Proposal SubmittedSubmitted

2012?

Discussions

Start 2010

2011?

~2010??

Project

Army Hypersonic Windtunnel• Goal:

– Demonstrate high-field, high-gradient magnet technology suitable for a hypersonic windtunnel (>Mach 8).

• Partners: – MSE Tech Applications, Inc, Butte Montana: Prime contractor– NHMFL: YBCO Conductor and Coil Technology Development– Sandia National Lab: 1MW electron beam– Princeton University: computational fluid mechanics– Lawrence Livermore National Lab: ultra-high pressure vessels– Oak Ridge National lab: materials development

High Pressure

Gas

SolenoidalMagnets

Electron Beam“Heater”

•Long runs (>1 sec)

•Clean Air

•Long Nozzle Life

•Long runs (>1 sec)

•Clean Air

•Long Nozzle Life

• Funding: – proposal submitted May 2010– $10M over 5 yrs for YBCO magnet technology

ZEEMANS (SNS)

SNS

• Coupled H2 moderator ideal for Zeemans• Instrument planned for at last remaining beamline on that moderator: 14A at SNS• Fringe field at adjacent beamline constrains sample position to 70 m from the moderator.

4

Spallation Neutron Source (SNS)

Oak Ridge, TN25 - 30T

0 MW, YBCO

• $20M Magnet Proposal to NSF July 2009

• $40M Beamline Proposal to DOE Feb 2010

• YBCO Insert:– 3-4 times the mass of the YBCO coils for 32 T magnet.– Plan to use same technology.– More advanced technology might be required.– 7-yr project starting 2011 or later

1.7 m

30 T NMR: Iwasa @ Francis Bitter Lab, MIT

• Funding: 3-Phase program from NIH• Schedule:

Year Phase Goal LTS MHz

HTS MHz Material

2000 25 T (1.07 GHz) NMR

2000 - 2002 I 350 MHz (8.2 T) 300 50 Bi-2223

2002 – 2007 II 700 MHz (16.4 T 600 100 Bi-2223

2007 25 T 30 T NMR

2008 – 2012 IIIa 1100 MHz (25.8 T) 500 600 Bi-2223 & YBCO

2012 - ? IIIb 1300 MHz (30.5 T) 700* 600 Same coils

*LTS Outsert = 16.4 T, 236 mm, 4.2 K

NMR Quality: Resistive joints.

Shielding currents high. Stability low.

Homogeneity low.

Do Phases I-IIIa test high-strain operation of coils, joints, etc?

30 T NMR: Iwasa Status for 1.1 GHz– 500 MHz LTS outsert exists @ FBNML

– Outer HTS coil = Bi2223• Tape delivered• Most of double-pancakes wound• Stainless Steel co-wound reinforcing strip, no insulation• Tests of double-pancakes w/o insulation show higher Ic than w/ insulation

– Inner HTS coil = YBCO• Tape delivered• ~5 double-pancakes wound• Cu co-wound stabilizer w/ ceramic insulation• Concern about winding and performance of YBCO coils

Nat. Inst. for Materials Science, Tsukuba, JA

• Presently 950 MHz available• 2009 demonstrated 500 MHz LTS/Bi-2223 driven system with similar

spectrum as 500 MHz persistent LTS magnet.• 1.03 GHz (24.2 T) project underway (Bi-2223)

– Coil constructed w/ 5 grades of Bi-2223.– Will replace innermost Nb3Sn coil of existing 920 MHz.

– Bi, Nb3Sn, NbTi coils all in series.

– New magnet to provide 1.03 GHz in 2010 fiscal yr.

• 1.3 GHz (30.5 T) project (YBCO)– 2010 Applied Superconductivity Conf

• De-lamination of YBCO impregnated coils, • Screening currents (3)• No schedule presented

– 2009 Magnet Technology Conf. • Design of 1.3 GHz magnet• YBCO screening currents (2)

– 2008 Applied SC Conf• 30 T YBCO magnet

Persistent 500 MHz

Bi-2223 500 MHzKiyoshi, et al., IEEE Trans on Appl. Supercond. 20, 3, pp 714 - 717

~30 T NMR: Commercial

• Agilent (Varian, Magnex)– No public plans for ~30 T NMR– Paul Noonan (Principal Engineer Magnet Tech) recruited from Oxford Instruments– Expressed interest in partnering w/ MagLab– Funding?

• Japan, Inc. – NIMS Partnering w/, Kobe Steel, Japan Superconductor Tech, Jeol Ltd for 1.03 GHz

Is it profitable?What level of homogeneity &

stability required?

Which conductor? What other technologies required?

Can we copy the national Labs?• Bruker

– 1 GHz (23.5 T, 54 mm, $16.3M) delivered w/ Nb3Sn

– Building YBCO tape manufacturing line, complete 2011?– 1.2 GHz (28.1 T) NMR:

• 2 Orders placed by Helmholtz Foundation?• >5 yrs for first system?

– Partner: Karlsruhe Inst. of Techn./Institute for Technical Physics • Funded by the German government • Exclusive licenses to and access by Bruker.

30 T NMR: MagLab

• YBCO appears to be best conductor for 30 T NMR• All work for 32 T will directly benefit 30 T NMR• What level of uniformity & stability is required?• How do we attain them?• Visiting scientist recently hired to focus on 30 T NMR.• Should we buy 20 T, 78 mm cold bore magnet from Oxford

Instruments? (Previously used by OI to test Bi-2212 coils.)• Should we partner w/ commercial suppliers?

Other Potential High-Field YBCO Solenoids• Muon Collider

– 40 - 50 T dc magnet for muon cooling– Collider to be located @ Fermi– Particle Beams Ltd & Brookhaven National Lab developing 2 nested

YBCO coils, ~10 T each.• MagLab will be involved in testing BNL coils, possibly involved in design &

construction.• Plan to use co-wound steel tape re-inforcement, no insulation.• These are demonstration coils to be tested in 20 T background field. • Not intended to be reliable user facility.

– Muons Inc, FermiLab, CERN & others• 15 SBIR’s to date

• 25 T Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage– BNL won award for high-field YBCO SMES

• Korean Basic Sciences Institute wants high-field magnets• Taiwan wants High Field Lab

COHMAG 60 T HYBRID: Another need for Materials Development

Existing 45T Hybrid @ NHMFL

30 MW Power Dissipation

Seitz-Richardson estimate of $20M,

$15M Actual

55T Hybrid Concept for

NHMFL

Cable-in-Conduit

Florida-Bitter

56 MWdc power

~2 mCable-in-

Conduit

Florida-Bitter

40% of the power is dissipated in the outermost resistive coil.

25 T, 400 mm radius, ~50 A/mm2.

NHMFL Materials Development to include HTS

Cables for 60T Hybrid

This slide shows objectives for distant future, unchanged since 2006.

Can a 60 T superconducting magnet be built?

Supported by:

~2m

60T Long Pulse 1998

900-MHz Ultra-Wide Bore 2004

75T, ~10ms, 2004

150T+, ~3 s, 2005

Florida-Bitter Magnets 1995

45T Hybrid 1999

25 T HTS 2003

200 mm

Thank You!

Other Scattering Magnets• Advanced Photon Source, ANL, Chicago• Institute Laue Langevin & European Synchrotron

Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France• National Superconducting Light Source II, BNL, NY• Etc.

• Numerous labs want >17 T magnets suitable for x-ray or neutron scattering.

• How productive is 25 T hybrid for Berlin?• Can magnets > 25 T be all-superconducting?

Test Section

HeatedGas

Nozzle Test SectionNozzle

Aerodynamic Window

Electron Beam“Heater”

SolenoidalMagnets

Mariah ConceptE-Beam Supersonic Thermal Energy Addition

Conventionally Heated Wind Tunnel•Short runs (msec)

•Flow contamination& dissociation

•Short Nozzle Life

•Short runs (msec)

•Flow contamination& dissociation

•Short Nozzle Life

•Long runs (>1 sec)

•Clean Air

•Long Nozzle Life

•Long runs (>1 sec)

•Clean Air

•Long Nozzle Life

High Pressure

Gas

Hypersonic Wind Tunnel Concepts

15

TODAY: Robust Worldwide Effort in High Bc Magnets:

Andong Nat. Univ., KoreaBPSUBruker Scientific, GermanyCEP, JapanCERN, SwitzerlandCMSE, ChinaCryogenic Ltd, EnglandCTSVFSDIT-MKT, JapanDOE-HEP, USADMSEENEA, ItalyFBML, USAFK, GermanyGSE, JapanHFLSM, JapanIbaraki University, JapanIEE-CAS, ChinaISTEC-SRL, Japan

ITER ORG, FranceKAIST, JapanKBSI, KoreaKERI, KoreaKyoto Univ., JapanNCPU, ChinaNHMFL, USANIMS, Tsukuba, JapanOxford Instruments, EnglandRIAS-SKT, JapanSEEESEI, JapanSJTU, ChinaSophia Univ., JapanSRL, JapanSSBC, JapanSuperPower, USAUniv. of Tokyo, JapanYNU, Japan

Brief scan of program for 21st International Conference on Magnet Technology, Oct 2009, Hefei, China

High Bc Magnets 1986 - 2006

• 1986: discovery of High Tc (High Bc) materials

• 1992 – 1997: Numerous labs worldwide develop 1 T ∆B coils.• 1999: MagLab 2nd to complete 3 T ∆B coil.• 2003: MagLab 1st to complete 5 T ∆B coil (25 T total).• 2005: COHMAG urges development of

– 30 T (1.28 GHz) NMR magnet (pg. 75).– Scattering magnets for neutrons & x-rays (pp. 70-74)– 60 T DC (pg. 75).

• 2006: YBCO 2G tape from Superpower

High Bc Materials

<12 TNbTi

<24 TNb3Sn

Bruker 1 GHz

→ →

~25 TBi-2223

NIMS, JapanMIT

>30 TYBCO Tape

MagLab, MIT, NIMS

Bi-2212 Round? Oxford Instr.

→

High Bc Publications 1992 - 2010# of Papers Presented at International

Magnet Technology Conference

1 T ΔB 3 T ΔB 5 T ΔB

2G YBCO tape

7 T ΔB

Presently ~40 organizations worldwide working on High Bc magnets!

# of

Pap

ers

Year

18

HTS insert coil trends

year BA+BHTS=Btotal

[T]

Jave

[A/mm2]

Stress [MPa] JexBAxRmax

2003

2008

2008

BSCCO20+5=25 T(tape)

20+2=22 T(wire)

31+1=31 T (wire)

89

92

80

175

109

89

2007 YBCO- SP I 19+7.8=26.8 T 259 379

2008 YBCO-NHMFL I 31+2.8=33.8 T 439 324

2009 YBCO –SP II 20+7.2=27.2 211 314

2009 YBCO-NHMFL II 20+0.1= 20.1 241 ~611

163 mm OD

39 mm OD

Bi-2212 38 mm OD

YBCO SP I 2007 87 mm OD

H. Weijers, et al. 1CO-01

High Bc Coils

<12 TNbTi

<24 TNb3Sn

Bruker 1 GHz→ →

~25 TBi-2223

NIMS, JapanMIT

Bi-2212 Round Oxford Instr.

>30 TYBCO Tape MagLab, MIT, NIMS, Bruker

→

SC User Magnets require quench protection, reliable

technology, demonstration coils do not.

High Bc Materials

32 T Magnet Project• Goal:

– 32 T, 32 mm bore, 500 ppm over 10 mm DSV, 1 hour to full field, dilution refrigerator w/ <20 mK for installation in TLH.

• Funding:– $2M grant from NSF for LTS coils, cryostat,

YBCO tape & other components of magnet system

– Core grant for development of necessary technology.

– Source of funds for dil fridge not known.

• Staffing:– >10.3 FTE’s to date in 2010

• Key Personnel– Denis Markeiwicz, NHMFL: PI, Magnet

Development– David Larbalestier, NHMFL: co-PI, SC Materials– Stephen Julian, Univ of Toronto: co-PI, science

YBCO

Nb3Sn

NbTi

32 T Approach• Commercial Supply:

– 17 T, 250 mm bore Nb3Sn/NbTi “outsert”

– cryostat

• In-House development:– 15 T, 32 mm bore YBCO coils– YBCO tape quality (Larbalestier)– Tape insulation technology (Weijers?)– Coil winding technology (Weijers)– Joint technology (Weijers)

• Schedule– Outsert purchasing to start early 2011– Project complete mid-2013

~20x mass increase

YBCO coils for 32 T

YBCO coils built to date

ZEEMANS Magnet

Spallation Neutron Source (SNS)

Oak Ridge, TN25 - 30T0 MW

Neutron ScatteringProposals Submitted

to NSF & DOE 22

1.7 m• Cable-In-Conduit Conductor Outsert:

– Nb3Sn similar to NHMFL and Berlin + NbTi Shield Coil

• YBCO Insert:– 3-4 times the mass of the YBCO coils for 32 T magnet.– Plan to use same technology.– More advanced technology might be required.

• Schedule– Conceptual Engineering Design of hybrid magnet funded

2006 – 2009– 2009 Changed insert from resistive to YBCO – 2009 July: Magnet Construction proposal to NSF– 2010 Feb: Beamline & Detector Construction proposal

submitted to DOE– 2018 Project complete

• Key Personnel– Collin Broholm, Johns Hopkins: PI, Science– Mark Bird, NHMFL: co-PI, magnet system– Garrett Granroth, SNS: co-PI, beamline & instrumentation

• Budget: $20M request for magnet, little contingency

ZEEMANS Location

SNS

• Coupled H2 moderator ideal for Zeemans

• Instrument planned for at last remaining beamline on that moderator: 14A at SNS

• Fringe field at adjacent beamline constrains sample position to 70 m from the moderator.

POWGEN FNPB

HySPEC

magnet

Utilities•water•electricity

70m

• Proposal submitted July 2009 to NSF for construction of 25-30 T all-superconducting magnet.• Proposal was submitted Feb 2010 to DOE for infrastructure, beamline & detectors.• Funding decision expected 4Q’10

G.E. Granroth, et al., 19th meeting on Collaboration of Advanced Neutron Sources, Grindelwald, Switzerland,

March 8-12 (2010)23

ZEEMANS Magnet

Spallation Neutron Source (SNS)

Oak Ridge, TN25 - 30T0 MW

Neutron ScatteringProposals Submitted

to NSF & DOE 24

1.7 m• Cable-In-Conduit Conductor Outsert:

– Nb3Sn similar to NHMFL and Berlin + NbTi Shield Coil

• YBCO Insert:– 3-4 times the mass of the YBCO coils for 32 T magnet.– Plan to use same technology.– More advanced technology might be required.

• Schedule– Conceptual Engineering Design of hybrid magnet funded

2006 – 2009– 2009 Changed insert from resistive to YBCO – 2009 July: Magnet Construction proposal to NSF– 2010 Feb: Beamline & Detector Construction proposal

submitted to DOE– 2018 Project complete

• Key Personnel– Collin Broholm, Johns Hopkins: PI, Science– Mark Bird, NHMFL: co-PI, magnet system– Garrett Granroth, SNS: co-PI, beamline & instrumentation

• Budget: $20M request for magnet, little contingency