Posterior Abdominal WallPosterior Abdominal Wall

Dr. MortonDr. Morton

ANAT 6010ANAT 6010 Page 26Page 26

MusclesMuscles

•• Psoas majorPsoas major

and minorand minor

•• IliacusIliacus

•• QuadratusQuadratus

lumborumlumborum

•• DiaphragmDiaphragm

xx

Unit 2, p26Unit 2, p26

Diaphragm and Related StructuresDiaphragm and Related Structures

Unit 2, p26Unit 2, p26

T8T8

T10T10

T12T12

Ventral rami review

• Cervical plexus

• Brachial plexus

• Thoracic nn.

• Lumbar plexus

• Sacral plexus

Unit 2, p27Unit 2, p27

T12: SubcostalT12: Subcostal

L1: L1: IliohypogastricIliohypogastric

L1: L1: IlioinguinalIlioinguinal

Dermatomes and Peripheral NervesDermatomes and Peripheral Nerves

Cutaneous Fields

Lateral fem. cut. n.(L2-L3)

Anterior fem. cut. n.(L2-L4)

Lateral fem. cut. n.(L2-L3)

Anterior fem. cut. n.(L2-L4)

L5

L3

L1

L2

L4

Cutaneous Fields

Lateral fem. cut. n.(L2-L3)

Anterior fem. cut. n.(L2-L4)

L5

L3

L1

L2

L4

Dermatomes vs. Cutaneous Fields

Dermatomes and Peripheral NervesDermatomes and Peripheral Nerves

Unit 2, p27Unit 2, p27

Sympathetic Splanchnic NervesSympathetic Splanchnic Nerves

Unit 2, p27Unit 2, p27

Sympathetic Nerve PathSympathetic Nerve Path

Unit 2, p27Unit 2, p27

Parasympathetic Splanchnic NervesParasympathetic Splanchnic Nerves

Unit 2, p28Unit 2, p28

Abdominal AortaAbdominal Aorta

Unit 2, p29Unit 2, p29

Inferior Vena CavaInferior Vena Cava

•• Courses to the right of the midlineCourses to the right of the midline

•• Largest vein in the bodyLargest vein in the body

•• No valves (bidirectional flow, depending onNo valves (bidirectional flow, depending on

pressure gradient)pressure gradient)

•• Tributaries generally follow the similarly namedTributaries generally follow the similarly named

arteriesarteries

•• Exceptions existExceptions exist

•• Left gonadal v drains into the left renal vLeft gonadal v drains into the left renal v

•• Begins at L5, where the common iliac veins joinBegins at L5, where the common iliac veins join

Unit 2, p29Unit 2, p29

Inferior Vena CavaInferior Vena Cava

LymphaticsLymphatics

Unit 2, p30Unit 2, p30

Adrenals, Kidneys, Adrenals, Kidneys, UretersUreters

Unit 2, p31Unit 2, p31

Adrenal (Suprarenal) GlandsAdrenal (Suprarenal) Glands

•• Located on the superior pole of each kidneyLocated on the superior pole of each kidney

•• Separated from the kidneys by fasciaSeparated from the kidneys by fascia

•• Two partsTwo parts

•• CortexCortex

•• Mesodermal in originMesodermal in origin

•• Secretes corticosteroids and androgensSecretes corticosteroids and androgens

•• MedullaMedulla

•• Neural crest in originNeural crest in origin

•• Secrete catecholaminesSecrete catecholamines

•• Epinephrine (adrenaline)Epinephrine (adrenaline)

•• Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)

Adrenal Glands, continuedAdrenal Glands, continued

•• Arterial supplyArterial supply

•• Superior adrenal arteriesSuperior adrenal arteries

•• 6-8 branches from each inferior6-8 branches from each inferior

phrenic aphrenic a

•• Middle suprarenal arteriesMiddle suprarenal arteries

•• 1 or more from the abdominal aorta1 or more from the abdominal aorta

•• Inferior adrenal arteriesInferior adrenal arteries

•• 1 or more from each renal artery1 or more from each renal artery

Adrenal Glands, continuedAdrenal Glands, continued

•• Venous drainageVenous drainage

•• Suprarenal veinsSuprarenal veins

•• Right is short and empties into theRight is short and empties into the

inferior vena cavainferior vena cava

•• Left is longer and empties into theLeft is longer and empties into the

left renal veinleft renal vein

Kidneys to the BladderKidneys to the Bladder

KidneysKidneys

Unit 2, p31Unit 2, p31

Autonomic Nerves to the KidneysAutonomic Nerves to the Kidneys

Unit 2, p32Unit 2, p32

UretersUreters

Unit 2, p33Unit 2, p33

Urinary BladderUrinary Bladder

Unit 2, p33Unit 2, p33

Urinary BladderUrinary Bladder

Unit 2, p33Unit 2, p33

Urinary Bladder InnervationUrinary Bladder Innervation

Unit 2, p34Unit 2, p34

Pg. 34

Pg. 34