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ThePossibleHongKong
OpenExchangePoint
Che-HooCHENG04Aug2016
DevelopingaBlueprintforGlobalR&ENetworkArchitecture
http://gna-re.net• TheGlobalNetworkArchitectureprogram(GNA)isaninternationalcollaborationbetweennationalresearchandeducation(R&E)networks.
• TheGNAtechnicalworkinggroupischargedwithdraftingablueprintforinterconnectingR&Enetworksonaglobalscale,basedonthelatesttechnologiesandpromisingdevelopments,withaten-yearhorizon.
• ThisblueprintwillenableR&Enetworkstoaligntheirspendingforintercontinentalbandwidth.
• Participationisopentoallregionsoftheworld.
PlanforGNA–High-levelArchitecture#1
http://gna-re.net/our-plan/• ThediscussionsinsidetheGNAgrouphaveledtoaglobalnetworkarchitecturemodelthatconsistsofapowerfulintercontinentaltransmissionsubstrate,consistingof:– GlobalOpenExchangePoints(GXPs)– High-bandwidthtransmissionpipes(runningbetweenGXPs)– forsharing
GNA – artist’s impressionCredit – Mian Usman (DANTE)
PlanforGNA–High-levelArchitecture#2
• TheGXPsinthisarchitecturemodelhavetwomajorfunctions:– Attachmentpointsforthehigh-bandwidthcircuitsofthesubstrate– forsharing
– ConnectionpointsfortheRegionalandNationalR&ENetworksthatarepartofandmakeuseoftheGNAinfrastructure
PlanforGNA–High-levelArchitecture#3
• WeenvisionatleasttwoGXPspercontinentorregionthatareplacedinconsultationwiththeregion’sR&ENetworkorganizations,takingtheintercontinentalfiber pathsintoaccount.
• TheGNAsubstratesupportsthecreation,modification,anddeletionofoverlaynetworks.Inthefirstinstance,thisisexpectedtobemanual.Overtime,itisexpectedthatthiscanbefullyautomated.
PlanforGNA–High-levelArchitecture#4
• Examplesofpermanentoverlaynetworksinclude:– GeneralpurposeIProutedinterconnect,supportingIPv4andIPv6,bothforunicastandmulticast
– CommercialPeeringServices– LHCOPNandotherOpticalPrivateNetworks– LHCONEandotherOpenNetworkEnvironments
PlanforGNA–High-levelArchitecture#5
• Examplesofadhocoverlaynetworksinclude:– Scienceinstrumentsupportnetworkslikefore-VLBIthatareonlyneededduringasciencerun
– VirtualOrganizationnetworksforlargemulti-continentsciencecollaborationslikeLHC,ITER,Climate,oragencieslikeNIH.
GXPExpectations#1http://gna-re.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/GNA-Open-Exchange-Expectations-v1.0-Technical.pdf• ServicesandCapabilities:
– afabricabletoaccommodateaconsistentsetofporttypesandtechnologies
– Colocation– Cross-connectstootherR&E,commercial&carrierfacilities– OutofBandaccess– Terminationandcross-connectionpointforinternationalcircuitsas
wellasdomestic/localconnections– Remotehandandon-callsupport(24x7)– Securityandaccess– Carrierneutral– Space,power,cooling,accesstoameetmeroom,physicalaccess
GXPExpectations#2• PrinciplesofOperation
– OpenAcceptableUseApproach:AbilitytointerconnectwithanyR&EEntity
– OpenAcceptableUseApproach:Supportfor“Commercial”Traffic– ProductionQualityOperationsRegime&CommunityEngagement– Measurement– PrivacyofDataPolicyStatement– Flexibilityandagilityinaccommodatingevolvingtechnologies– PerformanceAssuranceNodeandAdHocTesting– QoS /QueuingSupport– OpenAccesstopeering– TimelinessofServiceSupportandServiceDelivery
GXPExpectations#3• TechnologyandFunctionality
– TosupportthenetworkservicesrequiredbytheGNAmorethanjustlayer2best-effort– Layer2circuits
• SupportVLANtranslation• SupportGuaranteedBandwidthallocation• PolicerandShapersonperVLANandsetofVLANsbasis• TrafficBurstallowed• QinQ capabilities
– Supportpathprotectionandrestoration– DynamicCircuitProvisioning
• Supportdynamiccircuitprovisioningusingastandardizedprovisioningprotocol,e.g.NSI
– PolicyImplementation• GNAwillconsistoflinksprovidedbydifferentparticipants.Itisexpectedthatexchange
pointswillbeabletoimplementandenforcedifferentpoliciesoneachlinkasrequestedbythelinkowner.
• TheexchangepointsshouldbeabletoactasbothPolicyDecisionPoint(PDP)andPolicyEnforcementPoint(PEP)toenforceadmissionandusercontrolasdictatedbyconnectedorganizationpolicy.
InternetExchangePoint(IXP)
• DifferencesfromOXP– Internetfocused– Inter-ASinterconnectionswithBGP4– BigIXVLAN(BroadcastDomain)forpublicpeeringwithstrictcontrol
• PortSecurity– SingleMAC/IPv4/IPv6per“port”
– BLPA&MLPAviaRouteServers– Mostlylayer-2besteffort
WhatisHKIX?• HongKongInterneteXchange(HKIX) isthemainlayer-2InternetExchangePoint(IXP)inHKwherevariousautonomoussystemscaninterconnectwithoneanotherandexchangetraffic
• HKIXwasaprojectinitiatedbyITSC(InformationTechnologyServicesCentre)ofCUHK(TheChineseUniversityofHongKong) andsupportedbyCUHKinApr1995 asacommunityservice
• HKIXservesbothcommercialnetworksandR&Enetworks
• Theoriginalgoalistokeepintra-HongKong trafficwithinHongKong
21st AnniversaryofHKIX
• HKIXstartedwiththincoaxialcablesinApr1995
• Participantshadtoputco-locatedroutersatHKIXsitesinordertoconnect
• Itwasafreeservice
• HKIXstartedveryearly,wellbeforeincumbenttelcos startedtodoISPbusiness,sothatiswhyHKIXcanbesuccessful
ISP DISP A ISP B ISP C
Routes of ISP A
Routes of All ISPs in HKIX
Routes of ISP B
Routes of ISP C
Routes of ISP D
Routes of All ISPs in HKIX
Routes of All ISPs in HKIX
Routes of All ISPs in HKIX
MLPARoute
Servers
Routes of All ISPs in HKIX
Routes from All ISPs Switched Ethernet
HKIXModel—MLPAoverLayer2+BLPA
• MLPA (mandatory only for HK routes) traffic exchanged directly over layer 2 without going through MLPA Route Server
• BLPA over layer 2 without involvement of MLPA Route Server
• Supports both IPv4 and IPv6 over the same layer 2 infrastructure
HKIXToday• theHongKongInterneteXchange Ltd
– 100%ownedbyCUHK– Chargeableservicesbutnotreallyforprofit
• SupportsbothMLPA(MultilateralPeering)andBLPA(BilateralPeering)overlayer2
• SupportsIPv4/IPv6dual-stack• Moreandmorenon-HKparticipants• 241 autonomoussystemsconnected• 463 connectionsintotal
– 257 x10GE & 206 xGE– Afew100GEconnectionsarecoming
• 630+Gbps(5-min)totaltrafficatpeak• AnnualTrafficGrowth=30+%
YearlyTrafficStatistics
• AllowparticipantstoconnecttoHKIXmoreeasilyatlowercost fromthosesatellitesitesinHongKong
• OpentocommercialdatacentresinHKwhichfulfilminimumrequirementssoastomaintainneutralitywhichisthekeysuccessfactorofHKIX
• Intendtocreatewin-winsituationwithsatellitesitecollaborators
• TobenamedHKIX2/3/4/5/6/etc– HKIX2alreadyconfirmed- beingmigratedfromoldarchitectureto
newarchitecture
• HKIX1andHKIX1b(thetwoHKIXcoresiteslocatedwithinCUHKCampus)willcontinuetoserveparticipantsdirectly
SettingupMultipleHKIXSatelliteSites
R&ENetworksHavingPresenceinHK
• APAN-JP/JGN-X• ASCC-ASNET• ASGC• ASTI-PREGINET• CERNET/CERNET2• CSTNET• JUCC-HARNET• KISTI-KREONET2• NIA-KOREN• NUS• TEIN4
• MostoftheseR&EnetworkshavenetworkpresenceatMEGA-iAdvantage (MEGA-i)Building(butondifferentfloors)
• MostareconnectedtoHKIX-R&EatMEGA-i– HKIX-R&EisaspecialnodeofHKIX(www.hkix.net) whichservesR&Enetworksonlyandconnects
toHKIXcoreswitcheswith2x10GEcircuits
HKIX-R&E−SpecialSupportforR&ENetworksHavingPresenceinHK
• HKIXhelpsthoseR&ENetworkstointerconnectwithcommercialnetworks withoutrestrictionsviaHKIX-R&EswitchatMEGA-i
• SupportGE/10GETrunkPortsforR&ENetworksonly• Supportspecialpoint-to-pointVLANsforR&ENetworksonly
– Forprivateinterconnectionsamongany2R&Enetworks– JumboFramesupport
• Offercolo atnewHKIX1bsiteinsideCUHKCampus– Upto2racksperR&Enetwork
• DiscountedMRC– NoMRCforfibercross-connects– BasicRemoteHands&Eyesincluded– Thisofferalwaysstands
HKIX-R&ESwitchatMEGA-i
Utilizationofthe2x10GELinks
PossibleGuam-HK10G/100GCircuitTerminationPoint
• TobefundedbyNSFofUS:Confirmed?Timeline?• Ifgoahead,whereisthebestterminationpointinHK?
– BesttoterminateitatthepossibleHKOXP
• BesttohaveallR&Enetworksco-locatedinthesameroomwithlong-termcontractforeasiestinterconnectionsandsustainabledevelopment– Currently,individualR&EnetworksatMEGA-i needtorelocatefromonefloor
toanotherwithinMEGA-i onceevery2to3yearsduetochangeofsupplier– Layingfibercross-connectsacrossfloorswithinMEGA-i canbedifficult
sometimes• Twomainoptionswereidentified,butthereareotheroptions:
– MEGA-i• Colo,PowerandCross-Connectsareexpensive• BesttomovetothesameroomonthesamefloorinsideMEGA-i
– AlreadyconfirmedwithiAdvantage thatthisisfeasible,subjecttocommercialagreement
– CUHK/HKIX1b• Backhaulforinternationalcircuitsmaybemoreexpensive
ThingstoDetermine• DoweneedOpenExchangePointinHongKong(HKOXP)?Whotosetup
andoperateit?– IfHKhasaGlobalOpenExchangePoint(GXP),itcanbenefitmostpartofR&E
community• NotethatalotofR&EnetworkshavealreadychosentohavenetworkpresenceinHongKong
– JUCC/HARNET iswillingtocontributebyprovidingandoperatingtheswitchneededforGXP
• Mustsupport100G• MaygraduallytakeovertheexistingroleofHKIX-R&Enode(theleftpart)
• Whereshouldbethelocationofthesharedcolo spaceinHongKongforallR&EnetworkshavingpresenceinHK?
– MEGA-i?– CUHK/HKIX1b?– Othercommercialdatacenteroptions?
• BetterbeHKIXSatelliteSites
– Betterbelong-termandcost-effectivebutNOTverycriticalthough
TheDecisionProcess?
• Toomanystakeholdersinvolved• Differentstakeholdershavedifferentrestrictions• WillallR&Enetworksfollow?
– Relocatetheirequipmenttonewlocation?– TerminatetheirexistinginternationalcircuitstothenewHKOXPswitch?
• ForsharingamongallR&Enetworks
• Willexistinglayer-3networks(suchasTEIN)becomeoverlaynetworks?
• ItisNOTeasy…
HKOXPForumonAug3(Wed)• Healthydiscussionondifferentoptions• SomestakeholdersstillprefertostayatMEGA-i• “RoughConsensus”wastomaintainthestatusquoandtodo
regularreviewatthefutureAPANmeetings,whiletheset-upforHKOXPandtheestablishmentofGuam-HKcircuitarebeingdetermined
• Statusquoisagoodstartingpointasthingsareworkingfornow• Evolution,notrevolution
• Alsoreceivedfurthercommentsfromotherstakeholdersafter theForum– SomeprefertohaveeverybodyinthesameroominsideMEGA-i– SomeprefertomoveawayfromMEGA-i
• Morecommentsarewelcome
AnyQuestions/Comments/Suggestions?