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POSITION AND ROLE POSITION AND ROLE OF OF THE UNIVERSITY THE UNIVERSITY IN SOCIETYIN SOCIETY
Assoc. Prof. Ivan OSTROVSKÝ, PhDAssoc. Prof. Ivan OSTROVSKÝ, PhD
COMENIUS UNIVERSITY IN BRATISLAVACOMENIUS UNIVERSITY IN BRATISLAVA
BratislavaBratislavaOctober 2004October 2004
Thomas Hobbes: Leviathan (1651)
““If we acknowledge that universities represent If we acknowledge that universities represent sources of civil and moral teaching for preachers sources of civil and moral teaching for preachers and country nobility to draw their strength from and country nobility to draw their strength from it and then spread it among people, it and then spread it among people, great care should be paid to keeping these great care should be paid to keeping these sources clean, neither muddied by godless sources clean, neither muddied by godless politicians nor bewitched by bad ghosts.”politicians nor bewitched by bad ghosts.”
UNIVERSITY MISSIONUNIVERSITY MISSION
UNIVERSITYUNIVERSITY
government + NPgovernment + NP
PARTNERSPARTNERS
state administrationstate administration local selfgovernmentlocal selfgovernment
publicpublic
companies + NGOs +companies + NGOs +
HIGHER EDUCATIONHIGHER EDUCATION
CHANGESCHANGES
CHALLENGESCHALLENGES
non-elite approach = massification, free accesnon-elite approach = massification, free acces higher education as a businesshigher education as a business student as a „customer“student as a „customer“ competition for studentscompetition for students globalisationglobalisation less autonomy, more governmentless autonomy, more government
Quality AssuranceQuality Assurance Transparency and AccountabilityTransparency and Accountability Open European Higher Education AreaOpen European Higher Education Area
EUROPEAN TRENDSEUROPEAN TRENDS
HISTORY OF HE IN SLOVAKIAHISTORY OF HE IN SLOVAKIA
14651465 - Academia Istropolitana = first HE institution in Slovakia- Academia Istropolitana = first HE institution in Slovakia
18631863 - Slovakia = c - Slovakia = codificationodification of a reputable Slovak language of a reputable Slovak language
19. century19. century - - United Kingdom = Academic Rights in a written formUnited Kingdom = Academic Rights in a written form
19181918 - First CSR (Slovakia) - 2,5 mil. of population - First CSR (Slovakia) - 2,5 mil. of population vs. 500 secondary educated people vs. 500 secondary educated people
20042004 - - 27 HEIs,27 HEIs, > 100 000 HE students, > 100 000 HE students,
~ 2 ~ 277 000 graduates/ year 000 graduates/ year
19191919 - Comenius University founded - Comenius University founded > 1> 11515 000 graduates/8 000 graduates/855 years years
HIGHER EDUCATION 2004HIGHER EDUCATION 2004
Trnava
Nitra
Trenčín
Bratislava
Zvolen
Žilina
Ružomberok
Institutions Number ofNumber of studentsstudents
> 20 000
10 000 - 20 000
3 000 - 10 000
1 000 - 3 000
Košice
Liptovský Mikuláš
BanskáBystrica
Prešov
< 1000
0 25
Km
50
4 2 1
Komárno
6
Number: 27Number: 27Structure:Structure: 1x military academy1x military academy 1x police academy1x police academy 1x „health care“ university1x „health care“ university 3 x Academy of arts3 x Academy of arts 4x private HEIs4x private HEIs 1x religional HEI1x religional HEI 1x ethnical HEI1x ethnical HEI 15 x public „university“15 x public „university“
Stupava
Nitra
Trenčín
Bratislava
Lučenec
Žilina Poprad
PočetPočet študentovštudentov
> 3000
2000 - 2500
500 - 1 000
KošiceBanskáBystrica
< 100
0 25
Km
50
COMENIUS UNIVERSITYCOMENIUS UNIVERSITY
Trnava
Prešov
Zvolen
Ružomberok
Liptovský Mikuláš
Komárno
UNIVERSITYUNIVERSITY
source ofsource of EDUCATIONEDUCATION
source ofsource of KNOWLEDGEKNOWLEDGE
source of another source of another DUTIESDUTIES
UNIVERSITYUNIVERSITY
source ofsource of EDUCATIONEDUCATION
source ofsource of KNOWLEDGEKNOWLEDGE
source of another DUTIESsource of another DUTIES
UNIVERSITYUNIVERSITY
source ofsource of EDUCATIONEDUCATION applicants/enrolmentapplicants/enrolment studentsstudents
graduatesgraduates
4 : 1 = average ratio4 : 1 = average ratiogeographical distributiongeographical distribution40 % local 60% regional40 % local 60% regional
NO unemploymentNO unemployment
national university !national university !
Trends 1990 - 2003Number of students, teachers and running costs of CU
in 1990 - 2003
0
5 000
10 000
15 000
20 000
25 000
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
[per
son
s]
0
50
100
150
200
250
[mil
. S
k]
s
students
teachers
running costs
EducationComparison of enrolment and graduates in 1990 - 2003
1 000
2 000
3 000
4 000
5 000
6 000
enrolment
graduates
76,5%94,1%
91,6%85,5%
91,2%94,2%
93,5%87,2%
95,0%
efficiency
Education - graduates full
timeparttime
foreigners total Proportion in SR
Bc. 414 496 6 916
Mgr. 2 454 645 51 3 150
MUDr. 364 0 49 413
Bc. +Mgr. + MUDr. 3 232 1 141 106 4 479 16,65%
PhD. 34 194 17 245 29,98%CU total 3 266 1 335 123 4 724 17,12%CU proportion 18,10% 14,45% 39,68% 17,12%
HEIs total 18 047 9 238 310 27 595 100,00%
UNIVERSITYUNIVERSITY
source ofsource of EDUCATIONEDUCATION
source ofsource of KNOWLEDGEKNOWLEDGE
source of another DUTIESsource of another DUTIES
UNIVERSITYUNIVERSITY
original research and/or expertiseoriginal research and/or expertise
source ofsource of KNOWLEDGEKNOWLEDGE
contract research and/or expertisecontract research and/or expertise
SCI publications
1995 2001 2002 2003•Slovakia 2 179 2 214 2 124 2 264•Czech rep. 3 755 5 276 5 280 6 184•Hungary 3 666 5 026 4 776 5 418•Poland 8 077 11 817 12 237 14 526•Austria 6 437 9 578 9 057 10 608•Slovenia 917 1 744 1 749 2 045•Estonia 448 648 652 754
Research performance
SCI publications 2003
Slovakia 2264
Academy of Science 961
Universities 1159
SUT Bratislava 245
CU Bratislava 475
Research performance
2001-20032001-2003 proportions proportions
2001 % 2002 % 2003 %
Slovakia 2214 2124 2264Academy 874 39 859 40 961 42Universities 1111 50 1112 52 1159 51
SUT 343 31 247 22 245 21CU 406 37 441 40 475 41
Research performance
Grant´s successfluness VEGA 2004total (thds. Sk) proportion (%)
SUT Bratislava 60 614 25,4CU Bratislava 60 387 25,3UT Košice 27 618 11,6U. Of Agr. Nitra 18 233 7,6UPJŠ Košice 15 309 6,4UT Zvolen 17 485 7,3UVM Košice 12 279 5,1U.of Žilina 8 754 3,7U. Of Prešov 4 223 1,8UE Bratislava 3 745 1,6UKF Nitra 3 439 1,4under 1% 1 015 2,9TOTAL HEIs 240 000
...it is ~2,3% of total state contribution allocated by the quality
UNIVERSITYUNIVERSITY
source ofsource of EDUCATIONEDUCATION
source ofsource of KNOWLEDGEKNOWLEDGE
source of another source of another DUTIESDUTIES
UNIVERSITYUNIVERSITY
cultural and social element cultural and social element
employeremployer
source of another source of another DUTIESDUTIES
Human resourcesNumber of employes 1990 - 2003
3 500
4 000
4 500
5 000
5 500
tea
ch
ing
sta
ff
350
400
450
500
550
600
res
ea
rch
ers
CU total
Teaching staff
Research staff
COMENIUS UNIVERSITY IN BRATISLAVACOMENIUS UNIVERSITY IN BRATISLAVA
Hope and trust in our Hope and trust in our ownownpower are the power are the watchwordswatchwords for our futurefor our future
MINISTRY OF EDUCATIONMINISTRY OF EDUCATION
WARNINGWARNING::
THINKING IS THINKING IS
HARMFULLHARMFULL FOR FOR
YOUR HEALTHYOUR HEALTH ! !