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PORTUGAL, november 13, 2005
School Development Project
GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY.
OPTION. EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITY.
Mirela ŢIBU – Teacher, Romania
November 13, 2005
GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Geographic Data - Information of the future
November 13, 2005
November 13, 2005
Our Planet Is Like an Oasis in the Universe
• FoodFood• Air / AtmosphereAir / Atmosphere• WaterWater• Energy / FuelEnergy / Fuel• MineralsMinerals• MedicineMedicine• Construction Construction MaterialsMaterials
. . . Our Spaceship Earth. . . Our Spaceship Earth
. . . Providing. . . Providing
November 13, 2005
Geography is connected …
…with all around us
November 13, 2005
• BiodiversityBiodiversity• Natural ResourcesNatural Resources• EnergyEnergy• Climate Climate (Global Warming) (Global Warming)• WaterWaterUrbanizationUrbanization
ResourceResource ConsumptionConsumption
PopulationPopulation
And It Is Not And It Is Not SustainableSustainable
Creating High Demand on the Environment
Creating High Demand on the Environment
PollutionPollution
Humans Are Having an Increased Effect on Our Planet
Humans Are Having an Increased Effect on Our Planet
November 13, 2005Geography and GIS Provide a
Promising Framework for Understanding What’s Going
On•ResourcesResources•ProcessesProcesses•RelationshipsRelationships•Threats/RisksThreats/Risks•DependenciesDependencies
. . . Improving Our . . . Improving Our Scientific KnowledgeScientific Knowledge
November 13, 2005. . . GIS Provides a Process for
Guiding and Integrating Human Activities
• Many Scales• Many Fields
. . . And a Framework For Action
ActionAction
DecideDecide
ObserveObserve
MeasureMeasure
AnalyzeAnalyze
PlanPlan
November 13, 2005
GIS is developingProject System Network
Integrated Co-ordinated Distributed
November 13, 2005
• Computerized instrument to define and analyze any elements or events that have a geographic component.
• System organized with informatics method, that allows to define, build, update and exploitation of geo-topographic maps.
• Modern technology that analyze information about the real position of the data with their significations.
What is GIS?
November 13, 2005
• A static map
• A GPS
• A simple software package
What isn’t GIS?
November 13, 2005GIS Components
GISGISDateDate
SoftwareSoftwarePeoplewarePeopleware
ProceduresProcedures
HardwareHardware
November 13, 2005Two methods to introduce and Two methods to introduce and
see the data in a GIS systemsee the data in a GIS systemRaster – Grid
– “pixels”– A location and a value– Satellite images and
photos are in this edition
Real Real worldworld
Vector – Linear
- Dots, lines & polygons
- “characteristic” (houses,
lakes, roads, buildings etc.)- Ascribes (dimension, type,
length, area etc.)
November 13, 2005
How GIS works
• The data is organized like a collection of thematic layers
November 13, 2005
The layers contain specific features
# ## #
#
##
##
#
####
##
##
#
##
#
#
#
DotsDots
LinesLines
PolygonsPolygons
TextText
November 13, 2005
The limit and the integration parts allows...
…visualization of the entire
Social factorsSocial factors
Biological factorsBiological factors
Engineering factorsEngineering factors
Area utilizationArea utilization
Environment factorsEnvironment factors
November 13, 2005
• Introduction
• Storage
• Administration
• Interrogation • Analysis
• Viewing
GIS development steps
The geographical data are the main material in a GIS.
November 13, 2005A software solution:A software solution:
ArcView GISArcView GIS application by ESRI application by ESRI• integrate maps, graphs, tables, pictures • mapping Visual instruments • editing of geographical and tabular
information• complex tool set for using texts, charts,
layouts • included programming framework (the
Avenue language)• capabilities of interrogate and
identifying maps characteristics• complex capacitates of analyzes
(extensions)• Viewing
November 13, 2005Basic elements in project Basic elements in project
development with ArcView development with ArcView GISGIS
ShapeShapeView - View - Shape Shape collectioncollection
ChartChart TablesTables
LayoutLayout Avenue ScriptsAvenue Scripts
November 13, 2005Types of data used in ArcView Types of data used in ArcView
GISGIS• Geographical dataGeographical data- - shape files (.shp),
themes from databases, files saved in
AutoCAD through maps digitizing
(.dwg);
• Attribute dataAttribute data - tables data from .dbf
files, Excel files, database servers as
ORACLE, SYBASE etc, ASCII files
• Imagine data – Imagine data – (.jpg, .gif)(.jpg, .gif)
• Grid dataGrid data - they need the Spatial
Analyst Extension
November 13, 2005Exploring the world using Exploring the world using
GIS transforms data into GIS transforms data into information and information information and information
into knowledgeinto knowledge• Data interrogation (Query)Data interrogation (Query) finding the optimal paths through given
points (Network Analyst) identifying all features with specific
properties
Dates analysisDates analysis
Spatial Analyst
Special analyze for business
environment (Business Analyst)
November 13, 2005
Who can use ArcView GIS?Who can use ArcView GIS?• Emergency servicesEmergency services – Police department, Firemen
department, Ambulance
• Agencies of environment protectionAgencies of environment protection- Monitorizing & Modelling
• BusinessBusiness– Distribution systems, client profile analysis, zone comparing, detailed reports, etc
• TransportationTransportation, , CommunicationsCommunications
• NNetworks utilities
• InstitutionsInstitutions– local, regional, governmental
• EducationEducation – – research, didactic process, etc
• AdministrationAdministration – institution, county, regional or national level
November 13, 2005
The geographic information is the future of information.
For the development and efficient usage of this kind of information there must be trained specialists specialists and educated the beneficiariesbeneficiaries…
Where do we have to start?
From school!
November 13, 2005How can we get inside the How can we get inside the
GIS world?GIS world?• informing (presentations, Internet, specialized material)
• interdisciplinary classes (geography-computer science) even from the beginning classes, for understanding the concepts
• collaboration with other schools or institutions that use this technology
• taking the necessary steps for obtaining free educational software license for GIS (ex. ArcView GIS)
• introduction of some optional curricula based on GIS technologies
Useful LinksUseful Links
www.esri.com
www.gisday.com
ww.geosystems.ro
November 13, 2005The Advantages of The Advantages of
promoting GIS in schoolspromoting GIS in schools• initiation of future beneficiaries• forming specialists• developing of some viable partnerships between schools and institutions by involving the students in the creation of GIS projects useful to community• forming the team-work ability by assuming roles and responsabilities• making contact with the socio-profesional sphere, with the actual necessity of society• enhacing creativity
November 13, 2005
GIS in schoolsGIS in schools
Extensive CoursesFollows the discipline’s analytical curriculadeveloped by MEN (National Education Dpt)
Interdisciplinary Courses
Interdisciplinary Courses
Optional CoursesFollows the curricula developed by the teacher / teachers of that course
OPTIONAL CURRICULA
November 13, 2005
GIS technology –GIS technology – optional optional curriculacurricula
Argument:Argument:
The impact of GIS on the The impact of GIS on the society reveal that an essential society reveal that an essential component of school education, is component of school education, is represented by the study of GIS represented by the study of GIS concepts. concepts.
Developing students abilities Developing students abilities in communicate and using in communicate and using geographic data will create the geographic data will create the premises of their future premises of their future implication in designing and implication in designing and updating useful GIS. updating useful GIS.
November 13, 2005
General objectives General objectives • the description of essential concepts of GIS the description of essential concepts of GIS
technologytechnology
• Developing abilities to use specialized Developing abilities to use specialized
software applications (ex. ArcView GIS) for software applications (ex. ArcView GIS) for
GIS implementationGIS implementation
• developing skills for team-workingdeveloping skills for team-working
• Enlarge the area of selection for future Enlarge the area of selection for future
careercareer
November 13, 2005
Frequency Frequency 1 hour/ week1 hour/ week
Duration of course Duration of course 1 – 4 years – depending on the level of 1 – 4 years – depending on the level of
theoretic acquisitions and practical theoretic acquisitions and practical
abilities and on the number of solicitorsabilities and on the number of solicitorsPlace Place Computer science laboratoriesComputer science laboratories
Number of students Number of students
12-16 students/class12-16 students/class
GIS Projects developed by
“Grigore Moisil” Computer Science High School students with the permanent
support of the
IT specialists in ROMTELECOM IasiIaşi – Public Utilities Guide Iaşi – Public Utilities Guide Palace of Palace of Culture IaşiCulture Iaşi
Paşcani - Public Utilities GuidePaşcani - Public Utilities Guide SC. TOMIRIS SASC. TOMIRIS SA
Cultural CopouCultural Copou Teatrul Teatrul “Luceafărul”“Luceafărul”
Historical Center of IaşiHistorical Center of Iaşi Naţional TheatreNaţional Theatre
Computer Science High School Botanical Computer Science High School Botanical GardenGarden
Environment factors in Iaşi “EuroEd” Private Environment factors in Iaşi “EuroEd” Private SchoolSchool
School Net of Iaşi School Net of Iaşi
Cathedral of Moldova and BucovinaCathedral of Moldova and Bucovina
November 13, 2005
November 13, 2005
“ GIS applications are limited only by the imagination of
those who use them .”
Jack Dangermond - ESRI President