- Nelson Amaya - Teo randt - !incent "arcia - Austin "raha - #onathan $org
 D u k e  C i t y   S p a r
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- Constant modi(cations needed due to American emissions re)uirements *reduction in C+, or comlete dro rom mar/et temorarily0
- $echanical uel 2nection imlemented in 1465 - irst turo in 14'7 - S8itch rom magnesium loc/ to aluminum in 14'5 - 9igital engine electronics introduced in 1453 - Air-cooled until 1444
175:17 &
Simp le
Durab leCost
Efcien t
“In the beginning, I looked around and could not fnd the car I'd been dreaming o: a small, lightweight sports car that uses energy eciently. So I decided to build it mysel.  ! erdinand Porsche
- Air-cooling meant less arts and less sensiti<ity to ree=ing:oiling
- lat design lo8ers center o gra<ity
>n<eiled at the ran/urt $otor Sho8 in 1463 in the 411 */no8n as 4&10, roduced 13&h at 6,1&& rm.
Conorms to American emissions standards 8ithout comromising erormance?
1465, 14'%, 145&
irst turo e<er in a roduction sorts car arri<es in the 411 Turo, 14'7
 
acing rigin
riginal %.&L Bat-si ased on !D-deri<ed Bat-our, 8hich 8as concei<ed rimarily or racing
Commercial and racing de<eloment 8or/ed in arallel
irst race 8as the Targa lorio in Set. 1467 - a 4&7 e)uied 8ith a racing <ersion o the %.&L
8ith %1&h - $agnesium alloy castings, titanium connecting rods,
Deer caruretors
+acing 2nBuences on 9e<eloment
%.&L modi(ed 8ith Deer caruretors used in the 4&7
%.7L inBuenced y the 41' Bat-t8el<e
- stro/e lengthened, connecting rod design
%.'L Turo inBuenced y 41' turo and 411 racing engines
- Ba <al<e oerated y accelerator lin/age
- camshats suorted y our earings, not three
- comletely electronic ignition system
3.6L inBuenced y the 411 Carrera Clu "T
 
 
+e" cran,s*a$t
/al&e stems drilled and lled "it* sodium
E*aust /al&es diameter increased
Completel redesigned inta,e sstem
Motronic engine management sstem
 
• iring rder 1-6-%-7-3-;
• 9islacement 3.6 l
• +ated o8er %&& /D : %65 HP
• +ated seed 61&& rm
• $a. tor)ue at ;&&& rm %73 lt *33& Nm0
• Comression ratio 11.3 to 1
• +P$ oerating +ange &-65&&
 
basic principal t*at t*e $re'uenc o$
t*e air mass contained in a pipe o$ a
gi&en diameter increases as t*e
pipe is s*ortened
resonant i$ its corresponding
increase in pressure t*at e3ecti&el
impro&es t*e lling o$ t*e clinders
&olumetric efcienc5
are used
inta,e pipe is re'uired to maintain
 
nl t*e t*rottle &al&e is open and
t*e inta,e air is directed t*roug*
t*e $ull:lengt* o$ t*e pipes
2 et"een 000 rpm and 800 rpm
5
and t*e central part o$ t*e pipe is
raised -*e long pipes are
bpassed and t*e clinders are
aspirated directl $rom t*e lo"er
plenum c*ambers
opened to increase t*e $re'uenc
o$ pulsations bet"een t*e le$t and
 
uel System  The $67:&; Engine utili=es the $otronics System
• Port-inected uel system
• osch imlemented design o rail- tye uel deli<ery to meet rigorous Caliornia emissions standards.
• $echanically controlled 8ith <ariale timing adustments a<ailale
• +elaced y FE-#etronics, 8hich 8as controlled electronically y the EC>.
• 45 +N:55 $N *Premium >nleaded0
 
*ig*"a
+icardo $odel
•  This <ersion o the model included a dual-throttle ody !arioram setu and dual-ehaust system.
•  The <al<e timing 8as adusted ased on the inta/e and ehaust
duration *%6&:%7&0 as 8ell as the maimum lit or inta/e and ehaust <al<es *1%mm:11mm0.
•  The initial conditions on the inta/e side 8ere?  – Pressure? 1 ar
 – "as Temerature? 3&& F 
 – Dall Temerature? 3&& F 
•  The initial conditions on the ehaust side 8ere?  – Pressure? 1.&; ar
 – "as Temerature? 4&& F 
 – Dall Temerature? 7&& F 
 
- Nelson Amaya - Teo randt - !incent "arcia - Austin "raha - #onathan $org
  D  u   k e  C  i
  t  y   S   p a
  r  k s
rere, Paul. GThe Porsche 411.G "orsche #$$ Story: %he &ntire e(elopment )istory . 4th ed. !ol. 4. La !ergne? dcome LP, %&13. 43- 45,. Print.
GCarolio - Car Seci(cations I Technical 9ata.G *ar Specifcations atabase. Carolio.com. De. 1 ct. %&17.
Cars, Porsche. GAterSale Training.G *%&&70? ;%-6;. Print
Sto/losa, Aleander. Glat Siy? The E<olution o Porsche 411 Engine Si=e, Technology, and utut in the >.S.G Car and 9ri<er, 13 9ec. %&13. De. % ct. %&17. Jhtt?::log.caranddri<er.com:Bat-siy-the-e<olution- o-orsche-411-engine-si=e-technology-and-outut-in-the-u-s:K.
%he "orsche "rinciple , Porsche 2nternational, %&17. +etrie<ed rom htt?::888.orsche.com:international:aoutorsche:rincileorsche: