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Population Ageing in Asia-Pacific: challenges and opportunitiesSabine Henning, Ph.D.ChiefSustainable Demographic Transition SectionSocial Development Division
Workshop on “Using ICTs to support older persons in managing chronic disease”Phnom Penh, 23 April 2019
Older persons: many faces of one of the major achievements of development
Population ageing: a major achievement of development (total fertility and life expectancy at birth, world, 1950-2050)
0102030405060708090
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Yea
rs
Life
birt
hs p
er w
oman
(age
d 15
-49)
Total fertility (births per woman 15-49) Life expectancy at birth (years)
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).
Population ageing: facts and figures (1)(total number of older persons, regions of the world, 1950-2050)
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).
-0.1
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.7
0.9
1.1
1.3
Pop
ulat
ion
60 y
ears
or o
ver (
mill
ions
)
Africa AsiaEurope Latin America and the CaribbeanNorthern America Oceania
Population ageing: facts and figures (2)total (percentage of older persons, regions of the world, 1950-2050)
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Pop
ulat
ion
60 y
ears
or o
lder
as
perc
enta
ge o
f to
tal p
opul
atio
n
Africa AsiaEurope Latin America and the CaribbeanNorthern America Oceania
152020252526
45454553
656973
85115
Singapore (2000-2015)Republic of Korea (2000-2020)
China (2005-2025)Brazil (2010-2035)
Turkey (2010-2035)Japan (1970-1996)
Poland (1966-2011)Spain (1947-1992)
United Kingdom (1930-1975)Hungary (1944-1994)Canada (1944-2009)
United States (1944-2013)Australia (1938-2011)Sweden (1890-1975)France (1865-1980)
Years
The speed of population ageing is rapid in countries in Asia-Pacific (number of years required or expected for percent of population aged 65 or over to rise from 7 to 14 per cent)
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017) and US Census Bureau (2009). An Ageing World: 2008.
0 20 40 60 80 100
0-45-9
10-1415-1920-2425-2930-3435-3940-4445-4950-5455-5960-6465-6970-7475-7980-8485-8990-9495-99100+
Female MalePercentage
Women comprise the majority of older persons, Asia-Pacific, 2019 (percentage of older men and women in the total population by age group)
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).
• more likely to live alone• less likely to have an
income, own property, have a pension
• facing problems accessing services (health, housing etc.)
• more likely to be subject to neglect and abuse
Older women are ….
Population ageing: a major achievement of development – Cambodia (total fertility, 1950-2050)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Life
birt
hs p
er w
oman
(age
d 15
-49)
Total fertility (births per woman 15-49), Asia
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).
Population ageing: a major achievement of development – Cambodia (life expectancy at birth,1950-2050)
0102030405060708090
Yea
rs
Life expectancy at birth (years), Asia Life expectancy at birth (years), Cambodia
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).
Estimated and projected average annual rate of change (total population vs. population 60+), Cambodia, 1950-2030
-3-2-1012345678
Ave
rage
ann
ual r
ate
of c
hang
e (p
er c
ent)
total 60+
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).
6.64.5
12.2
7.1
17.1
10.2
24.2
16.9
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Asia, 1950 Cambodia,1950
Asia, 2017 Cambodia,2017
Asia, 2030 Cambodia,2030
Asia, 2050 Cambodia,2050
Percentage of total population
Population age structure (65+): Cambodia – Asia, 1950, 2017, 2030, 2050
-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15
0-45-910-1415-1920-2425-2930-3435-3940-4445-4950-5455-5960-6465-6970-7475-79
PercentageFemale, 2010 Male, 2010
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).
Population pyramid: Cambodia, 2010
-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15
0-45-910-1415-1920-2425-2930-3435-3940-4445-4950-5455-5960-6465-6970-74
PercentageFemale, 2020 Male, 2020
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).
Population pyramid: Cambodia, 2020
-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15
0-45-910-1415-1920-2425-2930-3435-3940-4445-4950-5455-5960-6465-6970-74
PercentageFemale, 2030 Male, 2030
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).
Population pyramid: Cambodia, 2030
5556
57 57 57 57
62
59
57
5556
5859
6061
6059 58 58
57 57
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
64
Proportion female
Proportion female among population 60+, Cambodia, 1950-2050
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017). World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision - Special Aggregates, DVD Edition; United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2017).
Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing (MIPAA)
Global guiding document on population ageingPriority direction:
A. Older persons and development;
B. Advancing health and well-being into old age;
C. Ensuring enabling and supportive environments.
•The 2030 Agenda is a holistic agenda - emphasizing the need to leave no-one behind •MIPAA and the 2030 Agenda are complimentary -MIPAA provides a more detailed action plan and will support the 2030 Agenda
MIPAA and 2030 Agenda
• Supporting MIPAA review• Population ageing an ICTs• Capacity-building on
measuring population ageing• Active ageing index• Capacity-building on
pensions• Research and analysis on
levels and trends in population ageing
• Etc.
What ESCAP is doing …
Population ageing agenda is an agenda for all generations
THANK YOU! [email protected]
UNESCAPUNESCAPUNESCAPUNITEDNATIONSESCAPUNITEDNATIONSESCAP