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PocketWorld inFigures2015 Edition

01 WIF 2015 prelim’s_01 WIF 2013 prelim’s 03/07/2014 11:54 Page 1

THE ECONOM I ST I N A S SOC IAT ION W I TH PROF I L E BOOKS LTD

Published by Profile Books Ltd, 3A Exmouth House, Pine Street, London EC1R 0JH

This edition published by Profile Books in association withThe Economist, 2014

Copyright © The Economist Newspaper Ltd, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003,2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

Material researched and compiled by Andrea Burgess, Mark Doyle, Ian Emery, James Fransham,

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A CIP catalogue record for this book is availablefrom the British Library

ISBN 978 1 78125 273 4


ContentsCONTENTS

8 Notes9 Abbreviations

11 Part I World Rankings

12 Countries: natural factsCountries: the largest Mountains: the highestRivers: the longest Deserts: the largest non-polar Lakes: the largest Islands: the largest

14 Population: size and growthLargest populations 2012 Largest populations 2025 Fastest growing populations Slowest growing populations

16 Population: matters of breeding and sexHighest and lowest crude birth rates Teenage births Highest and lowest fertility rates Highest and lowest contraception use by women

18 Population: ageHighest and lowest median age Oldest and youngest populations

19 City livingBiggest cities Largest urban areas City index of culture and environment SkyscrapersHighest and lowest population densityHighest and lowest % urban populationHighest and lowest change in urban areas Biggest rural populations

22 MigrantsBiggest migrant populations Biggest migrant populations in rich countriesFastest growing migrant populations in rich countries

23 Refugees and asylum seekersMost refugees by nationality Countries with largest refugee populations Asylum applications by originAsylum applications in industrialised countries

24 The world economyBiggest economies Biggest economies by purchasing powerRegional GDP Regional purchasing power Regional populationRegional international trade

26 Living standardsHighest and lowest GDP per head Highest and lowest purchasing power

28 The quality of lifeHighest and lowest human development index Inequality-adjusted human development indexHighest and lowest Gini coefficient Economic freedom index


30 Economic growthHighest economic growth Lowest economic growth Highest services growth Lowest services growth

32 Trading placesBiggest exporters Most and least trade dependent Biggest traders of goods Biggest earners from services and income

34 Balance of payments: current accountLargest surpluses Largest deficits Largest surpluses as % of GDP Largest deficits as % of GDPOfficial reserves Gold reserves Workers’ remittances

37 Exchange ratesBig Mac index

38 Public finance Government debt Government spending Tax revenue

39 DemocracyMost and least democratic Most and least parliamentary seatsWomen in parliament

40 InflationHighest and lowest consumer price inflationCommodity prices: change House prices: change

42 DebtHighest foreign debt Highest foreign debt burdenHighest debt and debt service ratios Household debt

44 AidLargest recipients Largest donors Largest financial resource donors

46 Industry and servicesLargest industrial output Highest and lowest growth in industrial output Largest manufacturing output Largest services output

48 AgricultureLargest agricultural output Most and least economically dependent on agriculture Highest growth Lowest growth Biggest producers: cereals, meat, fruit, vegetables

50 CommoditiesLeading producers and consumers of: wheat, rice, sugar,coarse grains, tea, coffee, cocoa, copper, lead, zinc, tin, nickel,aluminium, precious metals, rubber, raw wool, cotton, major oilseeds, oil, natural gas, coal Oil reserves

56 EnergyLargest producers Largest consumers Most and least energy efficient Highest and lowest net importers Largest consumption per head Sources of electricity

CONTENTS


58 Workers of the worldHighest and lowest % of working-age population in labour force Most male workforce Most female workforce Highest rate of unemployment Highest rate of youth unemployment

60 The business worldGlobal competitiveness The business environment

62 Business creativity and researchEntrepreneurial activity Highest and lowest brain drains R&D expenditure Patents granted and in force

64 Business costs and foreign direct investmentOffice rents Minimum wage Foreign direct investment

65 Business red tape, corruption and piracyDays to register a new company Corruption perceptions indexBusiness software piracy

66 Businesses and banksLargest non-bank businesses Largest banks Largest sovereign-wealth funds

68 StockmarketsLargest market capitalisation Largest gains and losses in global stockmarkets Largest value traded Number of listed domestic companies

70 Transport: roads and carsLongest road networks Densest road networks Most crowded road networks Longest distance travelled Highest car ownership Lowest car ownership Car production New car registrations

74 Transport: planes and trainsMost air travel Busiest airports Longest railway networks Most rail passengers Most rail freight

76 Transport: shippingLargest merchant fleets Most shipbuilding deliveries and orders

77 TourismMost tourist arrivals Biggest tourist spenders Largest tourist receipts

78 EducationHighest and lowest primary enrolment Highest secondary enrolment Highest tertiary enrolment Least literate Top universitiesHighest and lowest education spending

CONTENTS


CONTENTS

80 Life expectancyHighest life expectancy Highest male life expectancy Highest female life expectancy Lowest life expectancy Lowest male life expectancy Lowest female life expectancy

82 Death rates and infant mortalityHighest death rates Highest infant mortality Lowest death rates Lowest infant mortality

84 Death and diseaseDiabetes Malaria Cancer Tuberculosis Measles and DPT immunisation HIV/AIDS prevalence and deaths

86 HealthHighest health spending Lowest health spending Highest population per doctor Lowest population per doctor Highest obesity in men and women Food supply Hunger Index

88 Marriage and divorceHighest marriage rates Lowest marriage ratesHighest divorce rates Lowest divorce rates

90 Households, living costs and givingBiggest households Household occupationAverage household size Highest and lowest cost of livingWorld Giving Index

92 Telephones, computers and broadbandTelephones Mobile telephones Mobile broadband ComputersBroadband

94 The internet and musicInternet hosts Music sales Facebook users Internet users

96 Going outCinema attendances Most popular art galleries and museums Most popular theme parks

97 The pressDaily newspapers Press freedom

98 Nobel prize winnersPeace Economics Literature MedicinePhysics Chemistry

99 OlympicsWinter winners 2014 Winter winners 1924–2014

100Drinking and smokingBeer drinkers Wine drinkers Cannabis users Smokers

101Crime and punishmentMurders Robberies Prisoners

102 War and peaceDefence spending Armed forces Arms traders Global Peace Index


104 EnvironmentEnvironmental performance Air quality Biggest emitters of carbon dioxide Largest amount of carbon dioxide emitted per personRenewable sources of energy Access to improved water source and sanitation Number of species under threat Biggest nationally protected land areaLargest forests Most forest Biggest changes in forested land

109 Part II Country Profiles

110 Algeria 180 Mexico112 Argentina 182 Morocco114 Australia 184 Netherlands116 Austria 186 New Zealand118 Bangladesh 188 Nigeria120 Belgium 190 Norway 122 Brazil 192 Pakistan124 Bulgaria 194 Peru126 Cameroon 196 Philippines128 Canada 198 Poland130 Chile 200 Portugal132 China 202 Romania134 Colombia 204 Russia136 Côte d’Ivoire 206 Saudi Arabia138 Czech Republic 208 Singapore140 Denmark 210 Slovakia142 Egypt 212 Slovenia144 Estonia 214 South Africa146 Finland 216 South Korea148 France 218 Spain150 Germany 220 Sweden152 Greece 222 Switzerland154 Hong Kong 224 Taiwan156 Hungary 226 Thailand158 India 228 Turkey160 Indonesia 230 Ukraine162 Iran 232 United Arab Emirates164 Ireland 234 United Kingdom166 Israel 236 United States168 Italy 238 Venezuela170 Japan 240 Vietnam172 Kenya 242 Zimbabwe174 Latvia 244 Euro area176 Lithuania 246 World178 Malaysia

248 Glossary250 List of countries255 Sources

CONTENTS


8

Notes

This 2015 edition of The Economist Pocket World in Figuresincludes new rankings on such diverse topics as teenagebirths, skyscrapers, migrants, entrepreneurs, theme parks,cannabis, and the environment. The world rankings consider183 countries, all those with a population of at least 1m or aGDP of at least $3bn; they are listed on pages 250–54. Thecountry profiles cover 67 major countries. Also included areprofiles of the euro area and the world. The extent and qualityof the statistics available varies from country to country. Everycare has been taken to specify the broad definitions on whichthe data are based and to indicate cases where data quality ortechnical difficulties are such that interpretation of thefigures is likely to be seriously affected. Nevertheless, figuresfrom individual countries may differ from standardinternational statistical definitions. The term “country” canalso refer to territories or economic entities.

Some country definitionsMacedonia is officially known as the Former Yugoslav Republicof Macedonia. Data for Cyprus normally refer to Greek Cyprusonly. Data for China do not include Hong Kong or Macau. Datafor Sudan are largely for the country before it became twocountries, Sudan and South Sudan, in July 2011. For countriessuch as Morocco they exclude disputed areas. Congo-Kinshasarefers to the Democratic Republic of Congo, formerly known asZaire. Congo-Brazzaville refers to the other Congo. TheNetherlands Antilles was dissolved in 2011 but continues toappear in some data; Curaçao qualifies for inclusion but thereare few data as yet. Data for the EU refer to the 27 members asat January 1 2007, unless otherwise noted. (Croatia joinedthe EU on July 1 2013.) Euro area data normally refer to the17 members that had adopted the euro as at December 312013: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, France, Finland,Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta,Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia and Spain. (Latviajoined the euro area on January 1 2014.) For moreinformation about the EU and the euro area see the glossaryon pages 248–9.

Statistical basisThe all-important factor in a book of this kind is to be able tomake reliable comparisons between countries. Although thisis never quite possible for the reasons stated above, the bestroute, which this book takes, is to compare data for the same


year or period and to use actual, not estimated, figureswherever possible. In some cases, only OECD members areconsidered. Where a country’s data is excessively out of date,it is excluded. The research for this edition of The EconomistPocket World in Figures was carried out in 2014 using thelatest available sources that present data on aninternationally comparable basis.

Data in the country profiles, unless otherwise indicated,refer to the year ending December 31 2012. Life expectancy,death and fertility rates are based on 2010–15 projectedaverages; human development indices for 2012, crude birthrates for 2011, energy and religion data for 2010; marriageand divorce, employment, health and education, consumergoods and services data refer to the latest year for whichfigures are available; internet hosts are as at January 2014.

Other definitionsData shown in country profiles may not always be consistentwith those shown in the world rankings because thedefinitions or years covered can differ.

Statistics for principal exports and principal imports arenormally based on customs statistics. These are generallycompiled on different definitions to the visible exports andimports figures shown in the balance of payments section.

Definitions of the statistics shown are given on the relevantpage or in the glossary on pages 248–9. Figures may not addexactly to totals, or percentages to 100, because of rounding or,in the case of GDP, statistical adjustment. Sums of money havegenerally been converted to US dollars at the officialexchange rate ruling at the time to which the figures refer.

Energy consumption data are not always reliable,particularly for the major oil producing countries;consumption per person data may therefore be higher than inreality. Energy exports can exceed production and importscan exceed consumption if transit operations distort tradedata or oil is imported for refining and re-exported.

NOTES 9

Abbreviationsbn billion (one thousand million)

EU European Union

kg kilogram

km kilometre

GDP Gross domestic product

GNI Gross national income

ha hectare

m million

PPP Purchasing power parity

TOE tonnes of oil equivalent

trn trillion (one thousand billion)

… not available


Worldrankings


Countries: natural facts

12 WORLD RANKINGS

Mountains: the highestbName Location Height (m)

Countries: the largesta’000 sq km

1 Russia 17,0982 Canada 9,9853 United States 9,6294 China 9,5975 Brazil 8,5156 Australia 7,6927 India 3,2878 Argentina 2,7809 Kazakhstan 2,72510 Algeria 2,38211 Congo-Kinshasa 2,34512 Saudi Arabia 2,20713 Greenland 2,16614 Mexico 1,96415 Indonesia 1,91116 Sudan 1,87917 Libya 1,76018 Iran 1,62919 Mongolia 1,56420 Peru 1,28521 Chad 1,28422 Niger 1,26723 Angola 1,24724 Mali 1,24025 South Africa 1,22126 Colombia 1,14227 Ethiopia 1,10428 Bolivia 1,09929 Mauritania 1,03130 Egypt 1,002

31 Tanzania 94732 Nigeria 92433 Venezuela 91234 Namibia 82435 Mozambique 80236 Pakistan 79637 Turkey 78438 Chile 75639 Zambia 75340 Myanmar 67741 Afghanistan 65342 South Sudan 64443 Somalia 63844 Central African Rep. 62345 Ukraine 60446 Kenya 59247 Madagascar 58748 Botswana 58249 France 55250 Yemen 52851 Thailand 51352 Spain 50653 Turkmenistan 48854 Cameroon 47655 Papua New Guinea 46356 Sweden 45057 Morocco 447

Uzbekistan 44759 Iraq 43560 Paraguay 407

a Includes freshwater. b Includes separate peaks which are part of the same massif.

1 Everest China-Nepal 8,8482 K2 (Godwin Austen) China-Jammu and Kashmir 8,6113 Kangchenjunga India-Nepal 8,5864 Lhotse China-Nepal 8,5165 Makalu China-Nepal 8,4636 Cho Oyu China-Nepal 8,2017 Dhaulagiri Nepal 8,1678 Manaslu Nepal 8,1639 Nanga Parbat Jammu and Kashmir 8,12610 Annapurna I Nepal 8,09111 Gasherbrum I China-Jammu and Kashmir 8,06812 Broad Peak China-Jammu and Kashmir 8,04713 Gasherbrum II China-Jammu and Kashmir 8,03514 Xixabangma Feng China 8,012

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1 Nile Africa 6,6952 Amazon South America 6,5163 Yangtze Asia 6,3804 Mississippi-Missouri system North America 5,9595 Ob’-Irtysh Asia 5,5686 Yenisey-Angara-Selanga Asia 5,5507 Huang He (Yellow) Asia 5,4648 Congo Africa 4,6679 Río de la Plata-Paraná South America 4,50010 Irtysh Asia 4,440

COUNTRIES: NATURAL FACTS 13

Notes: Estimates of the lengths of rivers vary widely depending on eg, the path to takethrough a delta. The definition of a desert is normally a mean annual precipitation valueequal to 250ml or less. Australia is defined as a continent rather than an island.

Rivers: the longestName Location Length (km)

Lakes: the largestName Location Area (’000 sq km)

Islands: the largestName Location Area (’000 sq km)

1 Greenland North Atlantic Ocean 2,1762 New Guinea South-west Pacific Ocean 8093 Borneo Western Pacific Ocean 7464 Madagascar Indian Ocean 5875 Baffin North Atlantic Ocean 5076 Sumatra North-east Indian Ocean 4747 Honshu Sea of Japan-Pacific Ocean 2278 Great Britain Off coast of north-west Europe 218

Deserts: the largest non-polarName Location Area (’000 sq km)

1 Sahara Northern Africa 8,6002 Arabian South-western Asia 2,3003 Gobi Mongolia/China 1,3004 Patagonian Argentina 6735 Great Victoria Western and Southern Australia 6476 Syrian Middle East 5207 Great Basin South-western United States 4928 Great Sandy Western Australia 390

1 Caspian Sea Central Asia 3712 Superior Canada/United States 823 Victoria East Africa 694 Huron Canada/United States 605 Michigan United States 586 Tanganyika East Africa 337 Baikal Russia 31Great Bear Canada 31


1 China 1,353.62 India 1,258.43 United States 315.84 Indonesia 244.85 Brazil 198.46 Pakistan 180.07 Nigeria 166.68 Bangladesh 152.49 Russia 142.710 Japan 126.411 Mexico 116.112 Philippines 96.513 Vietnam 89.714 Ethiopia 86.515 Egypt 84.016 Germany 82.017 Iran 75.618 Turkey 74.519 Thailand 69.920 Congo-Kinshasa 69.621 France 63.522 United Kingdom 62.823 Italy 61.024 South Africa 50.725 Myanmar 48.726 South Korea 48.627 Tanzania 47.728 Colombia 47.629 Spain 46.830 Ukraine 44.931 Kenya 42.732 Argentina 41.133 Poland 38.334 Algeria 36.535 Uganda 35.636 Sudan 35.0

37 Canada 34.738 Iraq 33.739 Afghanistan 33.440 Morocco 32.641 Nepal 31.042 Venezuela 29.943 Peru 29.744 Malaysia 29.345 Saudi Arabia 28.746 Uzbekistan 28.147 Yemen 25.648 Ghana 25.549 North Korea 24.650 Mozambique 24.551 Taiwan 23.252 Australia 22.953 Madagascar 21.954 Romania 21.455 Sri Lanka 21.256 Syria 21.157 Côte d’Ivoire 20.658 Cameroon 20.559 Angola 20.260 Burkina Faso 17.561 Chile 17.462 Netherlands 16.763 Niger 16.664 Kazakhstan 16.465 Mali 16.366 Malawi 15.967 Guatemala 15.168 Ecuador 14.969 Cambodia 14.570 Zambia 13.971 Senegal 13.172 Zimbabwe 13.0

Population: size and growth

14 WORLD RANKINGS

Largest populationsMillion, 2012

Largest populationsMillion, 20251 China 1,449.02 India 1,418.73 United States 350.64 Indonesia 282.05 Nigeria 239.96 Pakistan 218.17 Brazil 217.58 Bangladesh 177.99 Mexico 138.210 Russia 137.0

11 Ethiopia 124.512 Japan 123.313 Philippines 119.214 Vietnam 99.815 Egypt 97.016 Congo-Kinshasa 92.117 Iran 88.118 Turkey 87.719 Germany 80.920 Tanzania 69.3

Note: Populations include migrant workers.


1 Oman 7.92 Qatar 5.93 South Sudan 4.04 Niger 3.95 Kuwait 3.66 Jordan 3.57 Uganda 3.38 Burundi 3.2Eritrea 3.2Gambia, The 3.2Zambia 3.2

12 Angola 3.113 Chad 3.0

Lebanon 3.0Mali 3.0Tanzania 3.0

17 Iraq 2.9Malawi 2.9Senegal 2.9Somalia 2.9

21 Burkina Faso 2.8Equatorial Guinea 2.8Madagascar 2.8Nigeria 2.8Zimbabwe 2.8

26 Benin 2.7Congo-Kinshasa 2.7Kenya 2.7Rwanda 2.7

30 Congo-Brazzaville 2.6Ethiopia 2.6Liberia 2.6Togo 2.6

34 Cameroon 2.5French Guiana 2.5Guatemala 2.5Guinea 2.5Mauritania 2.5Mozambique 2.5United Arab Emirates 2.5West Bank & Gaza 2.5

42 Afghanistan 2.4Gabon 2.4Guinea-Bissau 2.4Tajikistan 2.4

46 Côte d’Ivoire 2.3Yemen 2.3

48 Ghana 2.1Papua New Guinea 2.1

POPULATION: SIZE AND GROWTH 15

Fastest growing populationsAverage annual % change, 2010–15

Slowest growing populationsAverage annual % change, 2010–151 Bulgaria -0.8Moldova -0.8

3 Latvia -0.6Ukraine -0.6

5 Belarus -0.5Lithuania -0.5Serbia -0.5

8 Croatia -0.4Georgia -0.4

10 Estonia -0.3Romania -0.3

12 Hungary -0.2Puerto Rico -0.2Russia -0.2

15 Bosnia & Herz. -0.1Cuba -0.1Germany -0.1Japan -0.1

19 Greece 0.0Poland 0.0Portugal 0.0

22 Macedonia 0.1

Montenegro 0.1Slovakia 0.1Virgin Islands (US) 0.1

26 Armenia 0.2Bermuda 0.2Italy 0.2Martinique 0.2Slovenia 0.2

31 Albania 0.3Finland 0.3Malta 0.3Netherlands 0.3Thailand 0.3Trinidad & Tobago 0.3Uruguay 0.3

38 Austria 0.4Belgium 0.4Czech Republic 0.4Denmark 0.4Mauritius 0.4Spain 0.4


Population: matters of breeding and sex

16 WORLD RANKINGS

Crude birth ratesBirths per 1,000 population, 2010–15Highest Lowest

Teenage birthsBirths per 1,000 women aged 15–19, 2005–10 Highest Lowest

1 Niger 209.62 Angola 192.33 Chad 181.94 Mali 180.95 Mozambique 162.56 Malawi 157.27 Guinea 154.08 Uganda 149.99 Liberia 142.010 Zambia 139.711 Madagascar 134.312 Congo-Kinshasa 132.013 Cameroon 130.714 Congo-Brazzaville 130.515 Tanzania 130.416 Burkina Faso 129.717 Somalia 127.218 Côte d’Ivoire 125.619 Nigeria 123.920 Guinea-Bissau 123.521 Equatorial Guinea 122.922 Sierra Leone 119.023 Afghanistan 117.5

1 North Korea 0.62 South Korea 2.13 Hong Kong 3.1Libya 3.1

5 Macau 3.26 Switzerland 4.57 Slovenia 4.88 Japan 5.19 Netherlands 5.310 Tunisia 5.711 Denmark 5.912 Singapore 6.0

Sweden 6.014 Cyprus 6.615 Italy 6.816 China 8.417 Norway 8.918 Finland 9.219 Luxembourg 9.620 Algeria 9.721 Germany 9.822 Channel Islands 9.923 France 10.0

1 Niger 49.82 Mali 47.33 Chad 46.14 Burundi 44.85 Angola 44.36 Somalia 43.97 Uganda 43.48 Zambia 43.09 Congo-Kinshasa 42.9Gambia, The 42.9

11 Nigeria 41.512 Burkina Faso 41.113 Malawi 39.914 Tanzania 39.315 Mozambique 39.116 Senegal 38.117 Congo-Brazzaville 37.918 Guinea-Bissau 37.719 Cameroon 37.520 Guinea 37.121 Eritrea 37.022 Côte d’Ivoire 36.9

Sierra Leone 36.9

1 Japan 8.42 Germany 8.53 Portugal 8.84 Bosnia & Herz. 8.95 Taiwan 9.06 Italy 9.2Malta 9.2

8 Hong Kong 9.49 Austria 9.5Croatia 9.5

11 Bulgaria 9.6Channel Islands 9.6Cuba 9.6South Korea 9.6

15 Greece 9.8Serbia 9.8

17 Hungary 9.9Singapore 9.9

19 Slovenia 10.020 Macau 10.121 Romania 10.3

Switzerland 10.323 Thailand 10.4


POPULATION: MATTERS OF BREEDING AND SEX 17

Fertility rates, 2015–20Average number of children per womanHighest Lowest

1 Niger 7.62 Mali 6.93 Somalia 6.64 Chad 6.35 Burundi 6.16 Congo-Kinshasa 6.0Nigeria 6.0

8 Angola 5.9Gambia, The 5.9Timor-Leste 5.9Uganda 5.9

12 Burkina Faso 5.7Zambia 5.7

14 Malawi 5.415 Mozambique 5.2

Tanzania 5.217 Afghanistan 5.0

Congo-Brazzaville 5.0Guinea 5.0Guinea-Bissau 5.0Senegal 5.0South Sudan 5.0

1 Hong Kong 1.1Macau 1.1Taiwan 1.1

4 Bosnia & Herz. 1.3Portugal 1.3Singapore 1.3South Korea 1.3

8 Andorra 1.4Germany 1.4Hungary 1.4Japan 1.4Macedonia 1.4Malta 1.4Poland 1.4Romania 1.4Serbia 1.4Slovakia 1.4Thailand 1.4

Womena who use modern methods of contraceptionHighest, 2012 or latest, % Lowest, 2012 or latest, %1 China 84.0United Kingdom 84.0

3 Portugal 82.54 Norway 82.25 Costa Rica 79.96 Czech Republic 77.67 Switzerland 77.5Thailand 77.5

9 Brazil 77.110 Finland 75.4

Hong Kong 75.412 Uruguay 74.813 France 74.114 Cuba 73.215 Colombia 72.716 Virgin Islands (US) 72.617 New Zealand 72.318 Puerto Rico 72.219 Canada 72.0

Denmark 72.021 Hungary 71.322 United States 70.4

1 South Sudan 1.02 Somalia 1.23 Chad 1.64 Guinea 3.35 Eritrea 5.16 Congo-Kinshasa 5.57 Equatorial Guinea 6.18 Mali 6.39 Benin 7.410 Mauritania 8.011 Niger 8.312 Central African Rep. 8.6

Nigeria 8.614 Sierra Leone 10.015 Gambia, The 10.116 Albania 10.217 Guinea-Bissau 10.3

Liberia 10.319 Mozambique 11.320 Côte d’Ivoire 11.9

Senegal 11.922 Bosnia & Herz. 12.0

a Married women aged 15–49; excludes traditional methods of contraception, such asthe rhythm method.


Population: age

18 WORLD RANKINGS

Median ageaHighest, 2013 Lowest, 20131 Monaco 50.52 Japan 45.93 Germany 45.54 Italy 44.35 Bulgaria 43.06 Greece 42.87 Austria 42.78 Croatia 42.69 Bermuda 42.610 Hong Kong 42.4

Slovenia 42.412 Finland 42.313 Portugal 42.214 Liechtenstein 42.115 Channel Islands 42.0

Switzerland 42.017 Netherlands 41.8

Andorra 41.819 Martinique 41.720 Belgium 41.621 Latvia 41.522 Spain 41.423 Denmark 41.1

1 Niger 15.02 Chad 15.8Uganda 15.8

4 Angola 16.3Mali 16.3Somalia 16.3

7 Afghanistan 16.58 Timor-Leste 16.6Zambia 16.6

10 Gambia, The 17.011 Burkina Faso 17.112 Malawi 17.213 Mozambique 17.314 Congo-Kinshasa 17.415 Tanzania 17.516 Burundi 17.617 Nigeria 17.818 Senegal 18.119 Ethiopia 18.2

Rwanda 18.221 Cameroon 18.322 Benin 18.4

a Age at which there are an equal number of people above and below.

Most old people Most young people% of population aged 60 or over, 2013 % of population aged 0–14, 2013

1 Monaco 35.92 Japan 32.33 Italy 27.24 Germany 27.15 Bulgaria 26.46 Finland 26.37 Greece 25.78 Sweden 25.59 Croatia 25.110 Portugal 24.711 Latvia 24.312 Denmark 24.1

Estonia 24.1France 24.1

15 Belgium 24.016 Hungary 23.917 Slovenia 23.818 Austria 23.7

Czech Republic 23.720 Malta 23.521 Netherlands 23.4

Switzerland 23.423 United Kingdom 23.2

1 Niger 50.12 Chad 48.4Uganda 48.4

4 Angola 47.55 Mali 47.46 Somalia 47.27 Afghanistan 46.68 Gambia, The 45.99 Timor-Leste 45.810 Burkina Faso 45.511 Mozambique 45.412 Malawi 45.313 Congo-Kinshasa 45.014 Tanzania 44.915 Burundi 44.616 Nigeria 44.417 Senegal 43.518 Eritrea 43.219 Cameroon 43.020 Liberia 42.9

Rwanda 42.922 Benin 42.823 Ethiopia 42.7


Countryprofiles


110 COUNTRY PROFILES

ALGERIAArea 2,381,741 sq km Capital AlgiersArable as % of total land 3.2 Currency Algerian dinar (AD)

PeoplePopulation 36.5m Life expectancy: men 69.4 yrsPop. per sq km 15.0 women 72.6 yrsAverage annual growth Adult literacy …in pop. 2010–15 1.8% Fertility rate (per woman) 2.8

Pop. under 15 27.8% Urban population 76.2%Pop. over 60 7.4% per 1,000 pop.No. of men per 100 women 101.9 Crude birth rate 24.6Human Development Index 71.7 Crude death rate 5.9

The economyGDP AD15,843bn GDP per head $5,350GDP $206bn GDP per head in purchasingAv. ann. growth in real power parity (USA=100) 16.3GDP 2007–12 2.6% Economic freedom index 50.8

Origins of GDP Components of GDP% of total % of total

Agriculture 9 Private consumption 33Industry, of which: 49 Public consumption 20manufacturing … Investment 37

Services 42 Exports 37Imports -28

Structure of employment% of total % of labour force

Agriculture 10.8 Unemployed 2012 9.8Industry 30.9 Av. ann. rate 2000–12 16.9Services 58.4

Energym TOE

Total output 145.8 Net energy imports as % Total consumption 41.9 of energy use -248Consumption per headkg oil equivalent 1,108

Inflation and financeConsumer price av. ann. increase 2008–13inflation 2013a 3.3% Narrow money (M1) 10.7%

Av. ann. inflation 2008–13a 5.2% Broad money 11.4%Treasury bill rate, Dec. 2013 0.24%

Exchange ratesend 2013 2013

AD per $ 78.15 Effective rates 2005 = 100AD per SDR 120.36 – nominal 89.60AD per € 107.78 – real 90.96

03 WIF 2015 Countries 1_03 WIF 2014 Countries 1 03/07/2014 11:53 Page 1

TradePrincipal exports Principal imports

$bn fob $bn cifHydrocarbons 70.6 Capital goods 12.6Semi-finished goods 0.6 Semi-finished goods 10.0Raw materials 0.2 Food 8.5

Consumer goods 9.6Total incl. others 71.7 Total incl. others 50.4

Main export destinations Main origins of imports% of total % of total

Italy 16.1 France 12.8United States 15.0 China 11.8Spain 10.9 Italy 10.3France 8.5 Spain 8.6

Balance of payments, reserves and debt, $bnVisible exports fob 71.6 Change in reserves 9.2Visible imports fob -51.5 Level of reservesTrade balance 20.0 end Dec. 200.6Invisibles inflows 7.7 No. months of import cover 34.3Invisibles outflows -18.6 Official gold holdings, m oz 5.6Net transfers 3.2 Foreign debt 5.6Current account balance 12.3 – as % of GDP 2.3– as % of GDP 6.0 – as % of total exports 7.0

Capital balance 2.3 Debt service ratio 1.1Overall balance 12.0

Health and educationHealth spending, % of GDP 5.2 Education spending, % of GDP 4.3Doctors per 1,000 pop. 1.2 Enrolment, %:primary 117Hospital beds per 1,000 pop. … secondary 98Improved-water source access, tertiary 31% of pop. 84

SocietyNo. of households 6.5m Cost of living, Dec. 2013Av. no. per household 5.7 New York = 100 53Marriages per 1,000 pop. 9.6 Cars per 1,000 pop. …Divorces per 1,000 pop. … Colour TV households, % with:Religion, % of pop. cable …Muslim 97.9 satellite 93.1Non-religious 1.8 Telephone lines per 100 pop. 8.3Christian 0.2 Mobile telephone subscribers Hindu <0.1 per 100 pop. 98Jewish <0.1 Broadband subs per 100 pop. 2.9Other <0.1 Internet hosts per 1,000 pop. 0.2

ALGERIA 111

a Estimate.



ARGENTINAArea 2,766,889 sq km Capital Buenos AiresArable as % of total land 13.9 Currency Peso (P)

PeoplePopulation 41.1m Life expectancy: men 72.5 yrsPop. per sq km 14.7 women 79.8 yrsAverage annual growth Adult literacy 98.9%in pop. 2010–15 0.9% Fertility rate (per woman) 2.2


The economyGDP P2,164bn GDP per head $11,570GDP $476bn GDP per head in purchasingAv. ann. growth in real power parity (USA=100) 34.6GDP 2007–12 5.4% Economic freedom index 44.6


Agriculture 9 Private consumption 59Industry, of which: 31 Public consumption 17manufacturing 20 Investment 22




Energym TOE

Total output 77.2 Net energy imports as % Total consumption 80.1 of energy use 4Consumption per headkg oil equivalent 1,967

Inflation and financeConsumer price av. ann. increase 2008–13inflation 2013a 10.6% Narrow money (M1) 29.5%

Av. ann. inflation 2008–13a 9.4% Broad money 27.4%Money market rate, Dec. 2013 19.67%


P per $ 6.50 Effective rates 2005 = 100P per SDR 10.01 – nominal …P per € 8.96 – real …



$bn fob $bn cifProcessed agricultural products 27.7 Intermediate goods 20.0Manufactures 27.6 Capital goods 11.9Primary products 19.2 Fuels 9.3Fuels 6.9 Consumer goods 7.3Total 81.2 Total incl. others 68.5


Brazil 20.1 Brazil 26.1China 6.2 China 14.5Chile 6.1 United States 12.4United States 4.9 Germany 5.4

Balance of payments, reserves and debt, $bnVisible exports fob 80.9 Change in reserves -3.1Visible imports fob -65.6 Level of reservesTrade balance 15.3 end Dec. 43.2Invisibles inflows 17.3 No. months of import cover 5.3Invisibles outflows -32.2 Official gold holdings, m oz 2.0Net transfers -0.4 Foreign debt 121.0Current account balance 0.0 – as % of GDP 20.0– as % of GDP 0.0 – as % of total exports 122.5

Capital balance -0.6 Debt service ratio 13.3Overall balance -3.4

Health and educationHealth spending, % of GDP 8.5 Education spending, % of GDP 6.3Doctors per 1,000 pop. 3.2 Enrolment, %:primary 118Hospital beds per 1,000 pop. 4.7 secondary 92Improved-water source access, tertiary 79% of pop. 99

SocietyNo. of households 12.8m Cost of living, Dec. 2013Av. no. per household 3.2 New York = 100 71Marriages per 1,000 pop. 3.1 Cars per 1,000 pop. …Divorces per 1,000 pop. … Colour TV households, % with:Religion, % of pop. cable 64.8Christian 85.2 satellite 14.4Non-religious 12.2 Telephone lines per 100 pop. 23.5Other 1.1 Mobile telephone subscribers Muslim 1.0 per 100 pop. 152Jewish 0.5 Broadband subs per 100 pop. 10.9Hindu <0.1 Internet hosts per 1,000 pop. 341.6

ARGENTINA 113

a Estimate.



AUSTRALIAArea 7,682,300 sq km Capital CanberraArable as % of total land 6.2 Currency Australian dollar (A$)



The economyGDP A$1,475bn GDP per head $67,440GDP $1,532bn GDP per head in purchasingAv. ann. growth in real power parity (USA=100) 84.7GDP 2007–12 2.7% Economic freedom index 82.0






Energym TOE

Total output 296.7 Net energy imports as % Total consumption 122.9 of energy use -141Consumption per headkg oil equivalent 5,505

Inflation and financeConsumer price av. ann. increase 2008–13inflation 2013 2.5% Narrow money (M1) 4.2%

Av. ann. inflation 2008–13 2.4% Broad money 7.4%Money market rate, Dec. 2013 2.50% H’hold saving rate, 2013 10.4%


A$ per $ 1.13 Effective rates 2005 = 100A$ per SDR 1.73 – nominal 117.60A$ per € 1.56 – real 108.70



$bn fob $bn cifCrude materials 89.3 Machinery & transport equip. 99.2Fuels 72.8 Mineral fuels 42.3Food 26.2 Miscellaneous manufactured Manufactured goods 14.3 articles 30.1

Manufactured goods 26.8Total incl. others 256.5 Total incl. others 250.8


China 29.6 China 20.2Japan 19.4 United States 12.9South Korea 8.1 Japan 8.7India 4.9 Singapore 6.6

Balance of payments, reserves and aid, $bnVisible exports fob 258.0 Overall balance 2.5Visible imports fob -270.3 Change in reserves 2.4Trade balance -12.3 Level of reservesInvisibles inflows 101.6 end Dec. 49.1Invisibles outflows -151.3 No. months of import cover 1.4Net transfers -2.3 Official gold holdings, m oz 2.6Current account balance -64.3 Aid given 5.40– as % of GDP -4.2 – as % of GDP 0.35

Capital balance 66.9


SocietyNo. of households 8.3m Cost of living, Dec. 2013Av. no. per household 2.7 New York = 100 120Marriages per 1,000 pop. 5.5 Cars per 1,000 pop. 560Divorces per 1,000 pop. 2.2 Colour TV households, % with:Religion, % of pop. cable 24.9Christian 67.3 satellite 33.7Non-religious 24.2 Telephone lines per 100 pop. 45.4Other 4.2 Mobile telephone subscribers Muslim 2.4 per 100 pop. 105.6Hindu 1.4 Broadband subs per 100 pop. 24.3Jewish 0.5 Internet hosts per 1,000 pop. 703.4

AUSTRALIA 115



AUSTRIAArea 83,855 sq km Capital ViennaArable as % of total land 16.5 Currency Euro (7)



The economyGDP €307bn GDP per head $46,820GDP $395bn GDP per head in purchasingAv. ann. growth in real power parity (USA=100) 85.3GDP 2007–12 0.6% Economic freedom index 72.4






Energym TOE

Total output 11.5 Net energy imports as % Total consumption 33.0 of energy use 65Consumption per headkg oil equivalent 3,920

Inflation and financeConsumer price av. ann. increase 2008–13inflation 2013 2.1% Euro area:

Av. ann. inflation 2008–13 2.1% Narrow money (M1) 6.0%Deposit rate, h’holds, Dec. 2013 0.75% Broad money 0.8%

H’hold saving rate, 2013 6.6%


€ per $ 0.73 Effective rates 2005 = 100€ per SDR 1.12 – nominal 101.70

– real 101.20



$bn fob $bn cifMachinery & transport equip. 62.9 Machinery & transport equip. 58.0Chemicals & related products 21.1 Mineral fuels & lubricants 21.8Food, drink & tobacco 11.7 Chemicals & related products 21.3Raw materials 5.3 Food, drink & tobacco 12.2Total incl. others 165.0 Total incl. others 176.8


Germany 30.7 Germany 41.9Italy 6.8 Italy 6.5France 4.5 Switzerland 5.1Switzerland 4.4 Netherlands 3.9EU27 62.9 EU27 75.9

Balance of payments, reserves and aid, $bnVisible exports fob 159.2 Overall balance 1.2Visible imports fob -163.4 Change in reserves 2.4Trade balance -4.2 Level of reservesInvisibles inflows 98.5 end Dec. 27.2Invisibles outflows -82.1 No. months of import cover 1.3Net transfers -2.7 Official gold holdings, m oz 9.0Current account balance 9.5 Aid given 1.11– as % of GDP 2.4 – as % of GDP 0.28

Capital balance -8.8


SocietyNo. of households 3.7m Cost of living, Dec. 2013Av. no. per household 2.3 New York = 100 105Marriages per 1,000 pop. 4.6 Cars per 1,000 pop. 543Divorces per 1,000 pop. 2 Colour TV households, % with:Religion, % of pop. cable 38.6Christian 80.4 satellite 54.3Non-religious 13.5 Telephone lines per 100 pop. 39.7Muslim 5.4 Mobile telephone subscribers Other 0.5 per 100 pop. 160.5Jewish 0.2 Broadband subs per 100 pop. 25.0Hindu <0.1 Internet hosts per 1,000 pop. 432.3

AUSTRIA 117



BANGLADESHArea 143,998 sq km Capital DhakaArable as % of total land 58.6 Currency Taka (Tk)

PeoplePopulation 152.4m Life expectancy: men 69.8 yrsPop. per sq km 1,045.1 women 71.3 yrsAverage annual growth Adult literacy 57.7%in pop. 2010–15 1.2% Fertility rate (per woman) 2.2


The economyGDP Tk9,181bn GDP per head $750GDP $116bn GDP per head in purchasingAv. ann. growth in real power parity (USA=100) 3.6GDP 2007–12 6.2% Economic freedom index 54.1





Agriculture … Unemployed 2012 4.5Industry … Av. ann. rate 2000–12 4.2Services …

Energym TOE

Total output 26.1 Net energy imports as % Total consumption 31.3 of energy use 17Consumption per headkg oil equivalent 205

Inflation and financeConsumer price av. ann. increase 2008–13inflation 2013 7.5% Narrow money (M1) 14.7%

Av. ann. inflation 2008–13 7.6% Broad money 18.0%Deposit rate, Dec. 2013 10.68%


Tk per $ 77.75 Effective rates 2005 = 100Tk per SDR 119.74 – nominal …Tk per € 107.23 – real …


TradePrincipal exportsa Principal importsa

$bn fob $bn cifClothing 15.1 Fuels 4.9Jute goods 0.7 Textiles & yarns 3.0Leather 0.6 Iron & steel 2.3Fish & fish products 0.5 Cotton 2.2Total incl. others 22.2 Total incl. others 34.2


United States 16.6 China 17.8Germany 13.4 India 13.8United Kingdom 8.6 Malaysia 5.0France 5.2 Singapore 4.6

Balance of payments, reserves and debt, $bnVisible exports fob 24.9 Change in reserves 3.6Visible imports fob -32.2 Level of reservesTrade balance -7.3 end Dec. 12.8Invisibles inflows 2.9 No. months of import cover 3.9Invisibles outflows -7.6 Official gold holdings, m oz 0.4Net transfers 14.5 Foreign debt 26.1Current account balance 2.6 – as % of GDP 22.5– as % of GDP 2.2 – as % of total exports 62.4

Capital balance 1.6 Debt service ratio 3.6Overall balance 3.5


SocietyNo. of households 35.8m Cost of living, Dec. 2013Av. no. per household 4.3 New York = 100 64Marriages per 1,000 pop. … Cars per 1,000 pop. 2Divorces per 1,000 pop. … Colour TV households, % with:Religion, % of pop. of pop. cable …Muslim 89.8 satellite …Hindu 9.1 Telephone lines per 100 pop. 0.6Other 0.9 Mobile telephone subscribers Christian 0.2 per 100 pop. 62.8Jewish <0.1 Broadband subs per 100 pop. 0.4Non-religious <0.1 Internet hosts per 1,000 pop. 0.9

BANGLADESH 119

a Fiscal years ending June 30 2012.


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Pocket World in Figures - The Economist - World …media.economist.com/sites/default/files/pdfs/PWIF2015.pdf · Biggest exporters Most and least trade dependent ... natural gas, coal