PNIE - Trim Out - Ch11

8/3/2019 PNIE - Trim Out - Ch11

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Cisco Networking Academy ProgramCopyright 2004 Panduit Network Infrastructure Essentials

Chapter 11 Trim Out Phase


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Learning Objectives

Learn About the Trim Out Phase Learn About Cable Management

Understand How to Terminate Copper Media Learn About Terminating Fiber-Optic Media Learn About Patch Panels


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Cutting Cable to Length

At the wall outlet, leave about 15-20cm (6 - 8 in) of cable that can becoiled in the wall box

A common mistake of new installers

is to cut the cable short . Remember,excess can always be cut off, but ashort cable cannot be extended

When it is time to cut the cables to

length, care must be taken to re-labelthe cables before cutting if theoriginal label is on a portion that is cutoff


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Cable Splicing

Splicing cabling isconnecting two cablestogether

In a straight splice, onecable will come to the splicepoint from one directionwhile the other cable willcome to the splice point from

the opposite direction In a butt splice, all cables

come to the splice locationfrom the same direction


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Cable Termination

The termination of communications cables at a TR isreferred to as ' punching down The term punch down comes from the special spring-

loaded tool used to terminate the individual wires


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Labeling Systems

Labeling cable is essentialto good cablemanagement

It is best to label cablebefore terminating it. If thiswas not done, use a toneand probe set to identifythe cables

Use an industry acceptedlabeling scheme such asthe one specified inANSI/TIA/EIA-606


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Dressing cables

Cable management isimportant to protect andorganize cables

It is never acceptable to

place cables over a droppedceiling or to lay them onceiling tiles

Similarly, cables should not

be exposed around workareas since they can beaccidentally stretched, kicked,or even pulled out of the outlet



Wire Management

The purpose of wiremanagement is to organizeand protect cables

Cable management systems

can be open or closed Open systems are accessible

so it is easy to route, test, add,or remove cables

Closed systems providebetter protection for the cables



Consolidation Points and MUTOAs

Consolidation points or multi-usertelecommunications outletassemblies (MUTOAs) can beplaced strategically throughout anoffice layout

Each consolidation point or MUTOAwill generally serve between sixand 12 users

These become fixed terminal

locations throughout the office When office partitions are changed,

the cabling is changed back tothe MUTOA or consolidation pointonly



Types of management equipment

Raceways Baskets J-hooks and bridle

rings D-rings and

mushrooms Ladder systems Cable trays Fasteners

Management systems



Raceways

Raceway is the term used to describecontainment systems that house or supportcables



Cable Trays

Cable trays are used to provide a pathway andsupport for network distribution cables andbackbone cables in cable runs or the TR



Cable Baskets

Wire baskets have the samefunction as cable trays but aregenerally lighter and can bemore versatile . They aremade of formed and weldedwire



Ladder Racks

A ladder system is built from sections thatresemble a ladder Ladder systems can be installed above a

dropped ceiling , or they can be installed ina TR

They can run

vertically or

horizontally


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Cable Ties

Nylon cable ties are used to secure cables intobundles for neat and orderly routing. Cable tiesshould not be over-tightened

Over-tightening can cause the architecture of the

cable to change



Copper Media: Tip and Ring

Pairs of wires for voice or data are referred to as tipand ring The ring colors are blue, orange, green, brown,

and slate The tip colors are white, red, black, yellow, and

violet



25-Pair Color Code

The color-coding is universal to all telecommunicationscables in North America Each colored cable pair is associated with a respective

number Cables larger than 25 pairs are formed into 25-pair groups



25-Pair Color Code

Communications cablesare color-coded toidentify individual pairs



Determining Binder Colors

Pair 398 would be the violet/green pair in theyellow/blue binder group.

This is determined by subtracting one from thepair: 398-1=397 , dividing by 25: 397/25=15 R 22 and recording the quotient and the remainder.

Adding one to the quotient gives the binder

number : 15+1=16=Yellow/Blue . Adding one to the remainder gives the wire pair

number : 22+1=23=Violet/Green .



Four Pair Color Code

For most voice and data cabling, UTP cables areused These cables have four pairs of twisted wires in

each cable The color-coding scheme for this type of cabling is

a subset of the larger 25-pair color code: Pair 1 - White/Blue Pair 2 - White/Orange Pair 3 - White/Green Pair 4 - White/Brown



T568A and T568B Wiring Schemes



RJ-11 Plugs and Jacks

The RJ-11 connector, which canbe either a jack or plug, is usedfor terminating Category 3 cable

This common connector has sixpins

Pair 1(white/blue) is terminated onpins 3 and 4

Pair 2 (white/orange) is terminatedon pins 2 and 5

Pair 3 (white/green) is terminated

on pins 1 and 6



RJ-45 Plugs and Jacks

RJ-45 plugs have eight pins that willaccommodate up to four pairs of wires Pair 1 is always terminated on the center pins,

in this case, pins 4 and 5 Pair 4 (white/brown) is always terminated onpins 7 and 8 Using T568B , pair 2 (white/orange) terminates

on pins 1 and 2 Pair 3 (white/green) terminates on pins 3 and 6 T568A reverses pairs 2 and 3 so that pair 2

terminates on pins 3 and 6, while pair 3

terminates on pins 1 and 2



Coaxial Cable Connectors

The two common types of coaxialcable connectors are BNCconnectors and F-connectors


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Telephone D-type Connector

The telephone D-typeconnector is used tointerconnectcommunicationsequipment to terminalblocks . It is also used toconnect one entire terminal

block to another. Theseconnectors crimp 25 pairsof wire and can come inmale and female

configurations


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110-Blocks

110-blocks are high-density terminationblocks suitable for either voice or dataapplications

The insulation displacement connection

provides a low resistance gas tight connection


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Fiber-Optic Cable Color Code

Just as copper wires have a color-coding schemeto distinguish pairs of wires, there is a standardcolor-coding scheme for fiber-optic cable. Thiscolor-coding scheme is specified in TIA/EIA 598-A


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Fiber-Optic Jumper Cables

Fiber-optic jumpers or patch cables are used to interconnectelectronic equipment to the fiber-optic cable, or they are usedto patch from one cable to another

Jumpers are used to interconnect equipment to the fiber-optic cable , while patch cables are used for interconnection ofone cable to another

Generally, fiber-optic jumpers are duplex cables .


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Fiber-Optic Connectors

Fiber-optic connectors come in single-modeand multimode varieties

The hole in the single-mode connector will beslightly smaller than the multimode connector

There are a number of different types of

fiber-optic connectors that are used in thecommunications industry


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SC Connectors

SC type connectors feature a push-pull connect anddisconnect method. High quality SC connectorsfeature a ceramic ferrule . A ferrule is a ceramicshaft that contains the fiber

The SC connector is the preferred connector touse according to the standards.


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ST Connectors

The ST fiber-optic connector is a bayonettype of connector The receptacle is keyed and the connector is

also keyed Standards will allow the use of ST connectors

when the existing infrastructure incorporatesST connectors


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FC Connectors

FC fiber-optic connectors are similar indesign to the SC and the ST

The method of securing the FC connector is a

threaded receptacle.


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Other Fiber-Optic Connectors

MT-RJ is a small form factor, duplex fiber-optic connector. It incorporatestwo fibers, one for transmit and one for receive

LC connectors are ideal for applications where space is limited. LCconnectors are similar in appearance to SC connectors, yet they are halfthe size.

MTP connectors provide reliable high performance interconnects of up to 12fibers.


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Fiber-Optic Splicing

Splicing is the joining of two pieces of fiber-optic cable. In a mechanical splice , the splice connector provides

precision alignment so that the cores of the two fibers beingspliced are aligned as close to one another as physicallypossible

Fusion splicing is the actual welding of the optical fibers toone another. Special machines called fusion splicers are usedin this process


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Terminating on patch panels

Patch panels are used to interconnect datanetworking or voice systems to the physicalcable network

Patch panels are also used to interconnectbackbone cable systems to network distributioncable systems

A uniform wiring plan must be used throughouta patch panel system

All jacks and patch panels should be wiredusing the same wiring plan


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Patch panels

The rear of the patch panel has networkcables that are punched down

The front of the patch panel has a factory-terminated interface of some type into whichpatch cords are inserted


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Patch Cables

Patch cables come in a variety of wiringschemes. The most common, the straightthrough, has the same wiring scheme on bothends of the cable

Crossover cables use the T568A wiring planon one end and T568B on the other


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Cross-connecting

Cross-connecting is the term used for theinterconnection of networks or the connection ofinformation outlets or jacks to network equipment

Cross-connect wire is punched down directly on thepunch down termination panels rather than using apatch cord

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PNIE - Trim Out - Ch11