Upload
asher-oconnor
View
216
Download
1
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Plant Taxonomy
AHS Agriculture
Warm-up
• SLM and KUD
Lesson Essential Question
• How do we order plants/flowers from other countries?
Plant Taxonomy
• Most plants have more then one name–EX: Snake Plant/Mother in Laws
Tongue–Tiger lily/adder’s tongue/yellow
snowdrop
Plant Taxonomy
• Some plants have same common name, different plant
• What do we do?
Binomial System of Naming Plants
• Carolus Linnaeus simplified system to two names• Two latin names
Binomial System of Naming Plants
• First name generic name belong to same genus• Second name specific name
belong to same species• Same species- have same
characteristics & produces plants of same type
Binomial System of Naming Plants
• Species may have varieties• Resemble other, but 1 or 2
differences• EX: peach tree- prunus persica
nectarine- prunus persica var. nucipersica
Binomial System of Naming Plants
• Cultivar- cultivated variety– EX: Red Maple – Acer rubrum–Cultivars are ‘Red Sunset’ &
‘Autumn Flame’
Binomial System of Naming Plants
• Generic name- noun• Species name- adjective • Common generic names:– acer (maple), chrysanthemum
(mum), dianthus (pink), hibiscus (mallow), pelargonium (geranium)
Binomial System of Naming Plants
• Species name- important info,• Colors- betula lutea- yellow birch• Betula alba – white birch• Quercus rubra- red oak• Juglans nigra- black walnut
Binomial System of Naming Plants
• Creeping or erect: –Epigaea repens- trailing arbutus
• Geographical info: –Anemone Virgiana- Virginia
anemones–Taxus canadensis- Canadian yew
Binomial System of Naming Plants
• Size:–Macro-large–Micro- small–Macrophylla- large leaves–Microphylla- small leaves–Philadelphus microphyllus-little leaf
mock orange
Binomial System of Naming Plants
• Benefit- universal language• Can order from anywhere
Activity
• Work on worksheet, use computer or books to answer questions. 15 minutes. • Choose a collection, fill in the
information on the form. Complete 2, 30 minutes
Exit Question
• Answer LEQ and turn in bin: • How do we order plants/flowers
from other countries?
Plant Families/Scientific Name Rules
AHS Agriculture
Warm-up
• Why do we use scientific names in the horticulture industry?
Lesson Essential Question
• What are the rules for scientific names?
Plant Families
• Related genera (pl. genus) with similar flower structures are grouped together into major units known as families
Plant Families
• Simple flower- separated flowers –Rose- pistil, stamen, petal, sepal•Rosaceae – genera- prunus (plum) ,
fragaria (strawberry), rubus (bramble), and malus (apple)
Plant Families
• Tube flower- petals fused to form corolla tube–Solanaceae family-•Genera solanum (potato), petunia, & nicotiana (tobacco)
Plant Families
• Composite flower- two kinds of flowers packed together to form a single head or “flower.” Outer flowers (ray flowers) have large or small petals, inner flowers (disk flowers) always have small petals.
Plant Families
• Composite flower- –Asteraceae includes- aster,
artemisia (silver mound), helianthus (sunflower), chrysanthemum, achillea (yarrow), senecio (cineraria), calendula (pot marigold)
Plant Families
• Other families: • Brassicaceae (cabbage) • Apiaceae (carrot or umbellifer)• Papaveraceae (poppy)• Liliaceae (lily) • Poaceae (grass)
Scientific Name rules
• Latin names in italics• why? • Language other then own• Generic name written first, then
species name & last cultivar (cv.)
Scientific Name rules
• Generic name capital letter & species with small letter• Cultivar preceded by letters cv.
Or enclosed with single quotes (‘Red sunset’) with first letter capital
Scientific Name rules
• When # of species belong to same genus, generic name abbreviated to first capital letter• EX: Red Maple- A. rubrum• International set of rules known
as International Code of Botanical Nomenclature
Taxonomy Chart
• Kingdom-Plant• Division/Phylum- spermatophyta
(seed plants) • Class- angiosperm (seeds in fruit)• Order- acerales• Family- aceraceae
Taxonomy Chart
• Genus- acer• Species- rubrum• Variety or cultivar- var. ‘October
Glory”
Taxonomy Chart
• Taxonomists- scientists who ID & classify plants
Botanical Mounts
• Create 5 Botanical mounts using purchased plants- 25 minutes• Examine and correctly label 5
plants- explain how you know where to place them- 25 minutes
Exit Question
• Answer LEQ and turn in bin: • What are the rules for scientific
names?
Annual Plants
AHS Agriculture
Warm-up
• What can botanical mounts be used for?
Lesson Essential Question
• What is an annual plant?
Annual
• Plants that complete their life cycle in 1 year• Plants start from seed, grows,
blooms, set seed & dies in 1 season• EX: vegetable & flower plants
(bedding plants)
Annual • Flowering annuals- grown to
accent & lend color to landscapes• Usually started from seed indoors
& transplanted into garden • Most popular- marigold, petunia,
zinnia, ageratum, celosias, coleus, portulaca, pansies, & snapdragon
Flowering Annual
• Uses- provides color around house, foundation, in flower beds/in front of evergreens, fill spaces between shrubs, give color , supply cut flowers, plant along fences/walks, etc• Others?
Annual
• Consider when picking plants: –Purpose of plants–Where to be planted–Height–Keep shorter plants in front–Select colors that blend well
Annual
• When allow to set seed, causes strength to be taken from plant & reduced blooming
Annual
• Create Brochure with pictures & highlights of annuals • 30 minutes
Exit Question
• Answer LEQ and turn in bin: • What is an annual plant?
Biennial/Perennial
Warm-up
• Where are annuals found most of the time?
Lesson Essential Question
• What is the difference between annual, biennial, and perennial plants?
Biennial
• Plant that produces vegetation in 1 year, flowers the next, & then dies
Perennial• Plants that live from year to year
& do not require replanting• Tops may or may not die back in
winter or dry season • Some bloom 1st yr, most produce
larger, more attractive flowers & stronger root systems as time goes on
Perennial• Flowering trees called hardy
perennials• Herbaceous perennial-
nonwoody plant that lives from yr to yr but dies back to ground each winter & grows back in spring
Brochure• Create a brochure highlighting
the biennial and perennial plants • 20 minutes
Transplanting• Moving from one place to
another• Annuals transplanted when ready• Perennials transplanted in spring
or fall
Transplanting• Crown must be at correct level
(crown is point where the top is connected to roots & where new growth comes from.)• As plant is set, firm in around
roots with hands• Water
Transplanting• If plants flower in spring- divide &
plant in fall, reverse is true if plants flower in fall, plant in spring• Start perennial seeds indoors 6-8
weeks prior to transplant date
Monocot/Dicot• Monocot- A plant only having
one cotyledon or seed leaf• Dicot- a plant having 2 cotyledon
or seed leaves
Drawing
• Draw a picture illustrating the difference between monocot & dicot plants – 15 minutes
Exit Question
• Answer LEQ and turn in bin: • What is the difference between
annual, biennial, and perennial plants?
Planning & designing
Warm-up
• **Pick up text book and Have a seat!!**
• Why are annuals so commonly used in the garden?
Lesson Essential Question
• How can we plan & design a balanced flower bed/garden?
Planning & designing
• Seasonal annuals–Color enhances entryways,
eating areas, etc–People enjoy aesthetics & relax
Planning & designing
• Perennials (285)–Mass varieties in groups of
3,5,9–Consider time of blooming &
space–Use deciduous shrubs to create
interest
Planning & designing
• Factors to consider: –Clients’ individual needs &
preferences–Flower color, height, texture–Bed size & design–Surrounding landscapes
Planning & designing • Hanging baskets–All baskets need proper
drainage–Rule of thumb- plant one less
plant then pot size•EX: 8-inch pot used, pick 7 plants, place 6 around perimeter & 1 in center
Planning & designing
• To produce attractive hanging baskets:–Water–Fertilize–Deadhead (removal of dead &
faded flowers)
Planning & designing
• Flower Bed• 1. prepare soil–Prepare in fall before planting next
spring–Till to loosen –Add organic matter–Test soil for drainage
Planning & designing
• Flower Bed• 2. fertilize–Add 2 lbs of a 5-10-10 fertilizer per
100 sq feet in spring–Sprinkle 10-10-10 around each
plant on soil if above ineffective–Soluble fertilizer- mix with 1 tbsp
water – more readily available
Planning & designing • Flower Bed• 3. mulching- apply 2-3 in. before
bed planted–Creates aesthetic to enhance plant–Source of organic matter–Helps control weeds–Conserves moisture–Even temperature
Planning & designing • Flower Bed• 4. Seeding-–Most seeded indoors & set
outside as plants –Plant seeds as deep as they are
wide –Pg 279-280 pictures
Planning & designing • Flower Bed• 5. Care for plants–Pg 280-281 charts/pictures
–Copy the Procedure box (280) and the 4 boxes on 281 25-11–20 minutes
Exit Question
• Answer LEQ and turn in bin: • How can we plan and design a
balanced flower bed/garden?
Review• Review for test tomorrow!