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GST- PLACE OF SUPPLY OF GOODS
OR SERVICES OR BOTH
Copyright @ AstraZure* 2016
Place of supply of goods other than supply of
goods imported into, or exported from India
Section 10 of IGST Act, 2017
1) The place of supply of goods, other than supply of goods
imported into, or exported from India, shall be as under,––
a) Where the supply involves movement of goods, whether by
the supplier or the recipient or by any other person, the place
of supply of such goods shall be the location of the goods at
the time at which the movement of goods terminates for
delivery to the recipient;
b) Where the goods are delivered by the supplier to a recipient
or any other person on the direction of a third person,
whether acting as an agent or otherwise, before or during
movement of goods, either by way of transfer of documents
of title to the goods or otherwise, it shall be deemed that the
said third person has received the goods and the place of
supply of such goods shall be the principal place of business
of such person;
Place of Supply of goods other than import or export
c) Where the supply does not involve movement of goods, whether
by the supplier or the recipient, the place of supply shall be the
location of such goods at the time of the delivery to the
recipient;
d) Where the goods are assembled or installed at site, the place of
supply shall be the place of such installation or assembly;
e) Where the goods are supplied on board a conveyance, including
a vessel, an aircraft, a train or a motor vehicle, the place of
supply shall be the location at which such goods are taken on
board.
2) Where the place of supply of goods cannot be determined, the
place of supply shall be determined in such manner as may be
prescribed.
Place of Supply of goods other than import or export
The place of supply of goods,––
(a) imported into India shall be the location of the importer;
(b) exported from India shall be the location outside India.
Place of supply of goods imported into, or exported from
India Section 11 of IGST Act, 2017
Place of supply of services where location of
supplier and recipient is in India
Section 12 of IGST Act, 2017
1) The provisions of this section shall apply to determine the place of
supply of services where the location of supplier of services and the
location of the recipient of services is in India.
2) The place of supply of services, except the services specified in
sub-sections (3) to (14),––
a) made to a registered person shall be the location of such
person;
b) made to any person other than a registered person shall be,––
i. the location of the recipient where the address on record
exists and ;
ii.the location of the supplier of services in other cases.
Place of Supply of Services where location is in India
3) The place of supply of services,––
a) directly in relation to an immovable property, including
services provided by architects, interior decorators, surveyors,
engineers and other related experts estate agents, any service
provided by way of grant of rights to use immovable property
or for carrying out or co-ordination of construction work; or
b) by way of lodging accommodation by a hotel, inn, guest
house, home stay, club or campsite, by whatever name called,
and including a house boat or any other vessel; or
c) by way of accommodation in any immovable property for
organising any marriage or reception or matters related
thereto, official, social, cultural, religious or business function
including services provided in relation to such function at
such property; or
Place of Supply of Services where location is in India
d) any services ancillary to the services referred to in clauses (a),
(b) and (c), shall be the location at which the immovable
property or boat or vessel, as the case may be, is located or
intended to be located:
Provided that if the location of the immovable property or boat
or vessel is located or intended to be located outside India, the
place of supply shall be the location of the recipient.
Explanation.––
Where the immovable property or boat or vessel is located in more
than one State or Union territory, the supply of services shall be
treated as made in each of the respective States or Union territories,
in proportion to the value for services separately collected or
determined in terms of the contract or agreement entered into in
this regard or, in the absence of such contract or agreement, on
such other basis as may be prescribed.
Place of Supply of Services where location is in India
4) The place of supply of restaurant and catering services, personal
grooming, fitness, beauty treatment, health service including
cosmetic and plastic surgery shall be the location where the
services are actually performed.
5) The place of supply of services in relation to training and
performance appraisal to,––
(a) a registered person, shall be the location of such person;
(b) a person other than a registered person, shall be the location
where the services are actually performed.
6) The place of supply of services provided by way of admission to a
cultural, artistic, sporting, scientific, educational, entertainment
event or amusement park or any other place and services ancillary
thereto, shall be the place where the event is actually held or where
the park or such other place is located.
Place of Supply of Services where location is in India
7) The place of supply of services provided by way of ,—
a) organisation of a cultural, artistic, sporting, scientific,
educational or entertainment event including supply of
services in relation to a conference, fair, exhibition,
celebration or similar events; or
b) services ancillary to organisation of any of the events or
services referred to in clause (a) , or assigning of
sponsorship to such events,––
i. to a registered person, shall be the location of such person;
ii. to a person other than a registered person, shall be the place
where the event is actually held and if the event is held
outside India, the place of supply shall be the location of
the recipient.
Place of Supply of Services where location is in India
Explanation––Where the event is held in more than one State or
Union territory and a consolidated amount is charged for supply
of services relating to such event, the place of supply of such
services shall be taken as being in each of the respective States or
Union territories in proportion to the value for services
separately collected or determined in terms of the contract or
agreement entered into in this regard or, in the absence of such
contract or agreement, on such other basis as may be prescribed.
Place of Supply of Services where location is in India
8) The place of supply of services by way of transportation of goods,
including by mail or courier to,––
a) a registered person, shall be the location of such person;
b) a person other than a registered person, shall be the location at
which such goods are handed over for their transportation.
9) The place of supply of passenger transportation service to,—
a) a registered person, shall be the location of such person;
b) a person other than a registered person, shall be the place
where the passenger embarks on the conveyance for a
continuous journey:
Place of Supply of Services where location is in India
Provided that where the right to passage is given for future use and
the point of embarkation is not known at the time of issue of right
to passage, the place of supply of such service shall be determined
in accordance with the provisions of sub-section (2).
Explanation.––For the purposes of this sub-section, the return
journey shall be treated as a separate journey, even if the right to
passage for onward and return journey is issued at the same time.
10) The place of supply of services on board a conveyance, including
a vessel, an aircraft, a train or a motor vehicle, shall be the location
of the first scheduled point of departure of that conveyance for the
journey.
Place of Supply of Services where location is in India
11) The place of supply of telecommunication services including data
transfer, broadcasting, cable and direct to home television services
to any person shall,—
a) in case of services by way of fixed telecommunication line,
leased circuits, internet leased circuit, cable or dish antenna, be
the location where the telecommunication line, leased circuit or
cable connection or dish antenna is installed for receipt of
services;
b) in case of mobile connection for telecommunication and
internet services provided on post-paid basis, be the location of
billing address of the recipient of services on the record of the
supplier of services;
c) in cases where mobile connection for telecommunication,
internet service and direct to home television services are
provided on pre-payment basis through a voucher or any other
means,––
Place of Supply of Services where location is in India
i. through a selling agent or a re-seller or a distributor of subscriber
identity module card or re-charge voucher, be the address of the
selling agent or re-seller or distributor as per the record of the
supplier at the time of supply; or
ii.by any person to the final subscriber, be the location where such
prepayment is received or such vouchers are sold;
d) in other cases, be the address of the recipient as per the records of
the supplier of services and where such address is not available,
the place of supply shall be location of the supplier of services:
Provided that where the address of the recipient as per the records
of the supplier of services is not available, the place of supply shall
be location of the supplier of services:
Provided further that if such pre-paid service is availed or the
recharge is made through internet banking or other electronic mode
of payment, the location of the recipient of services on the record
of the supplier of services shall be the place of supply of such
services.
Place of Supply of Services where location is in India
Explanation.––Where the leased circuit is installed in more thanone State or Union territory and a consolidated amount ischarged for supply of services relating to such circuit, the placeof supply of such services shall be taken as being in each of therespective States or Union territories in proportion to the valuefor services separately collected or determined in terms of thecontract or agreement entered into in this regard or, in theabsence of such contract or agreement, on such other basis asmay be prescribed.
12) The place of supply of banking and other financial services,including stock broking services to any person shall be thelocation of the recipient of services on the records of the supplierof services:
Provided that if the location of recipient of services is not on therecords of the supplier, the place of supply shall be the locationof the supplier of services.
Place of Supply of Services where location is in India
13) The place of supply of insurance services shall,––
a) to a registered person, be the location of such person;
b) to a person other than a registered person, be the location of the
recipient of services on the records of the supplier of services.
14) The place of supply of advertisement services to the Central
Government, a State Government, a statutory body or a local
authority meant for the States or Union territories identified in the
contract or agreement shall be taken as being in each of such States
or Union territories and the value of such supplies specific to each
State or Union territory shall be in proportion to the amount
attributable to services provided by way of dissemination in the
respective States or Union territories as may be determined in
terms of the contract or agreement entered into in this regard or, in
the absence of such contract or agreement, on such other basis as
may be prescribed.
Place of Supply of Services where location is in India
Place of supply of services where location of
supplier or location of recipient is outside
India
Section 13 of IGST Act, 2017
1) The provisions of this section shall apply to determine the
place of supply of services where the location of the supplier
of services or the location of the recipient of services is
outside India.
2) The place of supply of services except the services specified
in sub-sections (3) to (13) shall be the location of the
recipient of services:
Provided that where the location of the recipient of services
is not available in the ordinary course of business, the place
of supply shall be the location of the supplier of services.
3) The place of supply of the following services shall be the
location where the services are actually performed,
namely:—
Place of Supply of Services where location is outside India
a) services supplied in respect of goods which are required to be made
physically available by the recipient of services to the supplier of
services, or to a person acting on behalf of the supplier of services
in order to provide the services:
Provided that when such services are provided from a remote
location by way of electronic means, the place of supply shall be
the location where goods are situated at the time of supply of
services:
Provided further that nothing contained in this clause shall apply in
the case of services supplied in respect of goods which are
temporarily imported into India for repairs and are exported after
repairs without being put to any other use in India, than that which
is required for such repairs;
b) services supplied to an individual, represented either as the
recipient of services or a person acting on behalf of the recipient,
which require the physical presence of the recipient or the person
acting on his behalf, with the supplier for the supply of services.
Place of Supply of Services where location is outside India
4) The place of supply of services supplied directly in relation to an
immovable property, including services supplied in this regard by
experts and estate agents, supply of accommodation by a hotel, inn,
guest house, club or campsite, by whatever name called, grant of
rights to use immovable property, services for carrying out or co-
ordination of construction work, including that of architects or interior
decorators, shall be the place where the immovable property is located
or intended to be located.
5) The place of supply of services supplied by way of admission to, or
organisation of a cultural, artistic, sporting, scientific, educational or
entertainment event, or a celebration, conference, fair, exhibition or
similar events, and of services ancillary to such admission or
organisation, shall be the place where the event is actually held.
6) Where any services referred to in sub-section (3) or sub-section (4) or
sub-section (5) is supplied at more than one location, including a
location in the taxable territory, its place of supply shall be the
location in the taxable territory.
Place of Supply of Services where location is outside India
7) Where the services referred to in sub-section (3) or sub-section (4)
or sub-section (5) are supplied in more than one State or Union
territory, the place of supply of such services shall be taken as
being in each of the respective States or Union territories and the
value of such supplies specific to each State or Union territory shall
be in proportion to the value for services separately collected or
determined in terms of the contract or agreement entered into in
this regard or, in the absence of such contract or agreement, on
such other basis as may be prescribed.
8) The place of supply of the following services shall be the location
of the supplier of services, namely:––
a) services supplied by a banking company, or a financial
institution, or a non-banking financial company, to account
holders;
Place of Supply of Services where location is outside India
b) intermediary services;
c) services consisting of hiring of means of transport, including
yachts but excluding aircrafts and vessels, up to a period of 1
month.
Explanation.––For the purposes of this sub-section, the
expression,––
a) “account” means an account bearing interest to the depositor,
and includes a non-resident external account and a non-
resident ordinary account;
b) “banking company” shall have the same meaning as assigned
to it under clause (a) of section 45A of the Reserve Bank of
India Act, 1934;
c) ‘‘financial institution” shall have the same meaning as
assigned to it in clause (c) of section 45-I of the Reserve Bank
of India Act, 1934;
Place of Supply of Services where location is outside India
d) “non-banking financial company” means,––
i. a financial institution which is a company;
ii. a non-banking institution which is a company and which hasas its principal business the receiving of deposits, under anyscheme or arrangement or in any other manner, or lending inany manner; or
iii. such other non-banking institution or class of suchinstitutions, as the Reserve Bank of India may, with theprevious approval of the Central Government and bynotification in the Official Gazette, specify.
9) The place of supply of services of transportation of goods, otherthan by way of mail or courier, shall be the place of destination ofsuch goods.
10) The place of supply in respect of passenger transportation servicesshall be the place where the passenger embarks on the conveyancefor a continuous journey.
Place of Supply of Services where location is outside India
11) The place of supply of services provided on board a conveyance
during the course of a passenger transport operation, including
services intended to be wholly or substantially consumed while on
board, shall be the first scheduled point of departure of that
conveyance for the journey.
12) The place of supply of online information and database access or
retrieval services shall be the location of the recipient of services.
Explanation.––For the purposes of this sub-section, person
receiving such services shall be deemed to be located in the taxable
territory, if any two of the following non contradictory conditions
are satisfied, namely:––
a) the location of address presented by the recipient of services
through internet is in the taxable territory;
Place of Supply of Services where location is outside India
b) the credit card or debit card or store value card or charge card or
smart card or any other card by which the recipient of services
settles payment has been issued in the taxable territory;
c) the billing address of the recipient of services is in the taxable
territory;
d) the internet protocol address of the device used by the recipient
of services is in the taxable territory;
e) the bank of the recipient of services in which the account used
for payment is maintained is in the taxable territory;
f) the country code of the subscriber identity module card used by
the recipient of services is of taxable territory;
g) the location of the fixed land line through which the service is
received by the recipient is in the taxable territory.
Place of Supply of Services where location is outside India
13) In order to prevent double taxation or non-taxation of the supply of
a service, or for the uniform application of rules, the Government
shall have the power to notify any description of services or
circumstances in which the place of supply shall be the place of
effective use and enjoyment of a service.
Place of Supply of Services where location is outside India
Special provision for payment of tax by supplier
of online information and database access or
retrieval services
Section 14 of IGST Act, 2017
1) On supply of online information and database access or retrieval
services by any person located in a non-taxable territory and
received by a non-taxable online recipient, the supplier of services
located in a non-taxable territory shall be the person liable for
paying integrated tax on such supply of services:
Provided that in the case of supply of online information and
database access or retrieval services by any person located in a
non-taxable territory and received by a non-taxable online
recipient, an intermediary located in the non-taxable territory, who
arranges or facilitates the supply of such services, shall be deemed
to be the recipient of such services from the supplier of services in
non-taxable territory and supplying such services to the non-
taxable online recipient except when such intermediary satisfies
the following conditions, namely:––
Special provision
a) the invoice or customer’s bill or receipt issued or made available
by such intermediary taking part in the supply clearly identifies
the service in question and its supplier in non-taxable territory;
b) the intermediary involved in the supply does not authorise the
charge to the customer or take part in its charge which is that the
intermediary neither collects or processes payment in any
manner nor is responsible for the payment between the non-
taxable online recipient and the supplier of such services;
c) the intermediary involved in the supply does not authorise
delivery; and
d) the general terms and conditions of the supply are not set by the
intermediary involved in the supply but by the supplier of
services.
Special provision
2) The supplier of online information and database access or retrieval
services referred to in sub-section (1) shall, for payment of
integrated tax, take a single registration under the Simplified
Registration Scheme to be notified by the Government:
Provided that any person located in the taxable territory
representing such supplier for any purpose in the taxable territory
shall get registered and pay integrated tax on behalf of the
supplier:
Provided further that if such supplier does not have a physical
presence or does not have a representative for any purpose in the
taxable territory, he may appoint a person in the taxable territory
for the purpose of paying integrated tax and such person shall be
liable for payment of such tax.
Special provision
GST- RETURNS
Copyright @ AstraZure* 2017
Furnishing details of outward supplies
Section 37 of CGST bill, 2017
1) Every registered person, other than an Input Service Distributor,
a non-resident taxable person and a person paying tax under the
provisions of section 10 or section 51 or section 52, shall furnish,
electronically, in such form and manner as may be prescribed,
the details of outward supplies of goods or services or both
effected during a tax period on or before the 10th day of the
month succeeding the said tax period and such details shall be
communicated to the recipient of the said supplies within such
time and in such manner as may be prescribed:
Provided that the registered person shall not be allowed to
furnish the details of outward supplies during the period from the
11th day to the 15th day of the month succeeding the tax period:
Provided further that the Commissioner may, for reasons to be
recorded in writing, by notification, extend the time limit for
furnishing such details for such class of taxable persons as may
be specified therein:
Outwards Supplies
Provided also that any extension of time limit notified by the
Commissioner of State tax or Commissioner of Union territory tax
shall be deemed to be notified by the Commissioner.
2) Every registered person who has been communicated the details
under sub-section (3) of section 38 or the details pertaining to
inward supplies of Input Service Distributor under sub-section (4)
of section 38, shall either accept or reject the details so
communicated, on or before the 17th day, but not before the 15th
day, of the month succeeding the tax period and the details
furnished by him under sub-section (1) shall stand amended
accordingly.
Outwards Supplies
3) Any registered person, who has furnished the details under sub-
section (1) for any tax period and which have remained unmatched
under section 42 or section 43, shall, upon discovery of any error
or omission therein, rectify such error or omission in such manner
as may be prescribed, and shall pay the tax and interest, if any, in
case there is a short payment of tax on account of such error or
omission, in the return to be furnished for such tax period:
Provided that no rectification of error or omission in respect of the
details furnished under sub-section (1) shall be allowed after
furnishing of the return under section 39 for the month of
September following the end of the financial year to which such
details pertain, or furnishing of the relevant annual return,
whichever is earlier.
Explanation.––For the purposes of this Chapter, the expression
“details of outward supplies” shall include details of invoices,
debit notes, credit notes and revised invoices issued in relation to
outward supplies made during any tax period.
Outwards Supplies
Furnishing details of inward supplies
Section 38 of CGST bill, 2017
1) Every registered person, other than an Input Service Distributor or
a non-resident taxable person or a person paying tax under the
provisions of section 10, section 51 or section 52, shall verify,
validate, modify or delete, if required, the details relating to
outward supplies and credit or debit notes communicated under
sub-section (1) of section 37 to prepare the details of his inward
supplies and credit or debit notes and may include therein, the
details of inward supplies and credit or debit notes received by
him in respect of such supplies that have not been declared by the
supplier under sub-section (1) of section 37.
Inward Supplies
2) Every registered person, other than an Input Service Distributor
or a non-resident taxable person or a person paying tax under the
provisions of section 10 or section 51 or section 52, shall furnish,
electronically, the details of inward supplies of taxable goods or
services or both, including inward supplies of goods or services
or both on which the tax is payable on reverse charge basis under
this Act and inward supplies of goods or services or both taxable
under the Integrated Goods and Services Tax Act or on which
integrated goods and services tax is payable under section 3 of
the Customs Tariff Act, 1975, and credit or debit notes received
in respect of such supplies during a tax period after the 10th day
but on or before the 15th day of the month succeeding the tax
period in such form and manner as may be prescribed:
Provided that the Commissioner may, for reasons to be recorded
in writing, by notification, extend the time limit for furnishing
such details for such class of taxable persons as may be specified
therein:
Inward Supplies
Provided further that any extension of time limit notified by the
Commissioner of State tax or Commissioner of Union territory tax
shall be deemed to be notified by the Commissioner.
3) The details of supplies modified, deleted or included by the recipient
and furnished under sub-section (2) shall be communicated to the
supplier concerned in such manner and within such time as may be
prescribed.
4) The details of supplies modified, deleted or included by the recipient
in the return furnished under sub-section (2) or sub-section (4) of
section 39 shall be communicated to the supplier concerned in such
manner and within such time as may be prescribed.
Inward Supplies
5) Any registered person, who has furnished the details under sub-
section (2) for any tax period and which have remained
unmatched under section 42 or section 43, shall, upon
discovery of any error or omission therein, rectify such error or
omission in the tax period during which such error or omission
is noticed in such manner as may be prescribed, and shall pay
the tax and interest, if any, in case there is a short payment of
tax on account of such error or omission, in the return to be
furnished for such tax period:
Provided that no rectification of error or omission in respect of
the details furnished under sub-section (2) shall be allowed after
furnishing of the return under section 39 for the month of
September following the end of the financial year to which such
details pertain, or furnishing of the relevant annual return,
whichever is earlier.
Inward Supplies
Furnishing of Returns
Section 39 of CGST bill, 2017
1) Every registered person, other than an Input Service Distributor
or a non-resident taxable person or a person paying tax under the
provisions of section 10, section 51 or section 52 shall, for every
calendar month or part thereof, furnish, in such form and manner
as may be prescribed, a return, electronically, of inward and
outward supplies of goods or services or both, input tax credit
availed, tax payable, tax paid and such other particulars as may
be prescribed, on or before the 20th day of the month succeeding
such calendar month or part thereof.
2) A registered person paying tax under the provisions of section 10
shall, for each quarter or part thereof, furnish, in such form and
manner as may be prescribed, a return, electronically, of turnover
in the State or Union territory, inward supplies of goods or
services or both, tax payable and tax paid within 18 days after the
end of such quarter.
Monthly Returns
3) Every registered person required to deduct tax at source under the
provisions of section 51 shall furnish, in such form and manner as
may be prescribed, a return, electronically, for the month in which
such deductions have been made within 10 days after the end of
such month.
4) Every taxable person registered as an Input Service Distributor
shall, for every calendar month or part thereof, furnish, in such
form and manner as may be prescribed, a return, electronically,
within 13 days after the end of such month.
5) Every registered non-resident taxable person shall, for every
calendar month or part thereof, furnish, in such form and manner as
may be prescribed, a return, electronically, within 20 days after the
end of a calendar month or within 7 days after the last day of the
period of registration specified under sub-section (1) of section 27,
whichever is earlier.
Monthly Returns
6) The Commissioner may, for reasons to be recorded in writing, by
notification, extend the time limit for furnishing the returns under
this section for such class of registered persons as may be specified
therein:
Provided that any extension of time limit notified by the
Commissioner of State tax or union territory tax shall be deemed to
be notified by the Commissioner.
7) Every registered person, who is required to furnish a return under
sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) or sub-section (3) or sub-section
(5), shall pay to the Government the tax due as per such return not
later than the last date on which he is required to furnish such
return.
8) Every registered person who is required to furnish a return under
sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) shall furnish a return for every tax
period whether or not any supplies of goods or services or both have
been made during such tax period.
Monthly Returns
9) Subject to the provisions of sections 37 and 38, if any registered
person after furnishing a return under sub-section (1) or sub-section
(2) or sub-section (3) or sub-section (4) or sub-section (5)
discovers any omission or incorrect particulars therein, other than
as a result of scrutiny, audit, inspection or enforcement activity by
the tax authorities, he shall rectify such omission or incorrect
particulars in the return to be furnished for the month or quarter
during which such omission or incorrect particulars are noticed,
subject to payment of interest under this Act:
Provided that no such rectification of any omission or incorrect
particulars shall be allowed after the due date for furnishing of
return for the month of September or second quarter following the
end of the financial year, or the actual date of furnishing of relevant
annual return, whichever is earlier.
10)A registered person shall not be allowed to furnish a return for a tax
period if the return for any of the previous tax periods has not been
furnished by him.
Monthly Returns
First Return
Section 40 of CGST bill, 2017
Every registered person who has made outward supplies in the period
between the date on which he became liable to registration till the date
on which registration has been granted shall declare the same in the
first return furnished by him after grant of registration.
Claim of input tax credit and provisional acceptance thereof
Section 41 of CGST bill, 2017
1) Every registered person shall, subject to such conditions and
restrictions as may be prescribed, be entitled to take the credit of
eligible input tax, as self-assessed, in his return and such amount
shall be credited on a provisional basis to his electronic credit
ledger.
2) The credit referred to in sub-section (1) shall be utilised only for
payment of self- assessed output tax as per the return referred to in
the said sub-section.
Matching, reversal and reclaim of input tax credit
Section 42 of CGST bill, 2017
1) The details of every inward supply furnished by a registered person
(hereafter in this section referred to as the “recipient”) for a tax
period shall, in such manner and within such time as may be
prescribed, be matched––
a) with the corresponding details of outward supply furnished by
the corresponding registered person (hereafter in this section
referred to as the “supplier”) in his valid return for the same tax
period or any preceding tax period;
b) with the integrated goods and services tax paid under section 3 of
the Customs Tariff Act, 1975 in respect of goods imported by
him; and
c) for duplication of claims of input tax credit.
Matching, reversal and reclaim of ITC
2) The claim of input tax credit in respect of invoices or debit notes
relating to inward supply that match with the details of
corresponding outward supply or with the integrated goods and
services tax paid under section 3 of the Customs Tariff Act, 1975 in
respect of goods imported by him shall be finally accepted and such
acceptance shall be communicated, in such manner as may be
prescribed, to the recipient.
3) Where the input tax credit claimed by a recipient in respect of an
inward supply is in excess of the tax declared by the supplier for
the same supply or the outward supply is not declared by the
supplier in his valid returns, the discrepancy shall be communicated
to both such persons in such manner as may be prescribed.
4) The duplication of claims of input tax credit shall be communicated
to the recipient in such manner as may be prescribed.
Matching, reversal and reclaim of ITC
5) The amount in respect of which any discrepancy is communicated
under sub- section (3) and which is not rectified by the supplier in
his valid return for the month in which discrepancy is
communicated shall be added to the output tax liability of the
recipient, in such manner as may be prescribed, in his return for
the month succeeding the month in which the discrepancy is
communicated.
6) The amount claimed as input tax credit that is found to be in excess
on account of duplication of claims shall be added to the output tax
liability of the recipient in his return for the month in which the
duplication is communicated.
7) The recipient shall be eligible to reduce, from his output tax
liability, the amount added under sub-section (5), if the supplier
declares the details of the invoice or debit note in his valid return
within the time specified in sub-section (9) of section 39.
Matching, reversal and reclaim of ITC
8) A recipient in whose output tax liability any amount has been added
under sub- section (5) or sub-section (6), shall be liable to pay
interest at the rate specified under sub- section (1) of section 50 on
the amount so added from the date of availing of credit till the
corresponding additions are made under the said sub-sections.
9) Where any reduction in output tax liability is accepted under sub-
section (7), the interest paid under sub-section (8) shall be refunded
to the recipient by crediting the amount in the corresponding head of
his electronic cash ledger in such manner as may be prescribed:
Provided that the amount of interest to be credited in any case shall
not exceed the amount of interest paid by the supplier.
10)The amount reduced from the output tax liability in contravention of
the provisions of sub-section (7) shall be added to the output tax
liability of the recipient in his return for the month in which such
contravention takes place and such recipient shall be liable to pay
interest on the amount so added at the rate specified in sub-section
(3) of section 50.
Matching, reversal and reclaim of ITC
Matching, reversal and reclaim of reduction in
output tax liability
Section 43 of CGST bill, 2017
1) The details of every credit note relating to outward supply furnished
by a registered person (hereafter in this section referred to as the
“supplier”) for a tax period shall, in such manner and within such
time as may be prescribed, be matched––
a) with the corresponding reduction in the claim for input tax credit
by the corresponding registered person (hereafter in this section
referred to as the “recipient”) in his valid return for the same tax
period or any subsequent tax period; and
b) For duplication of claims for reduction in output tax liability.
2) The claim for reduction in output tax liability by the supplier that
matches with the corresponding reduction in the claim for input tax
credit by the recipient shall be finally accepted and communicated, in
such manner as may be prescribed, to the supplier.
Reduction in Output Tax liability
3) Where the reduction of output tax liability in respect of outward
supplies exceeds the corresponding reduction in the claim for input
tax credit or the corresponding credit note is not declared by the
recipient in his valid returns, the discrepancy shall be communicated
to both such persons in such manner as may be prescribed.
4) The duplication of claims for reduction in output tax liability shall
be communicated to the supplier in such manner as may be
prescribed.
5) The amount in respect of which any discrepancy is communicated
under sub- section (3) and which is not rectified by the recipient in
his valid return for the month in which discrepancy is
communicated shall be added to the output tax liability of the
supplier, in such manner as may be prescribed, in his return for the
month succeeding the month in which the discrepancy is
communicated.
Reduction in Output Tax liability
6) The amount in respect of any reduction in output tax liability that is
found to be on account of duplication of claims shall be added to the
output tax liability of the supplier in his return for the month in which
such duplication is communicated.
7) The supplier shall be eligible to reduce, from his output tax liability, the
amount added under sub-section (5) if the recipient declares the details
of the credit note in his valid return within the time specified in sub-
section (9) of section 39.
8) A supplier in whose output tax liability any amount has been added
under sub-section (5) or sub-section (6), shall be liable to pay interest
at the rate specified under sub- section (1) of section 50 in respect of
the amount so added from the date of such claim for reduction in the
output tax liability till the corresponding additions are made under the
said sub-sections.
Reduction in Output Tax liability
9) Where any reduction in output tax liability is accepted under sub-
section (7), the interest paid under sub-section (8) shall be
refunded to the supplier by crediting the amount in the
corresponding head of his electronic cash ledger in such manner as
may be prescribed:
Provided that the amount of interest to be credited in any case shall
not exceed the amount of interest paid by the recipient.
10)The amount reduced from output tax liability in contravention of
the provisions of sub-section (7) shall be added to the output tax
liability of the supplier in his return for the month in which such
contravention takes place and such supplier shall be liable to pay
interest on the amount so added at the rate specified in sub-section
(3) of section 50.
Reduction in Output Tax liability
Annual return
Section 44 of CGST bill, 2017
1) Every registered person, other than an Input Service Distributor,
a person paying tax under section 51 or section 52, a casual
taxable person and a non-resident taxable person, shall furnish an
annual return for every financial year electronically in such form
and manner as may be prescribed on or before the 31st of
December following the end of such financial year.
2) Every registered person who is required to get his accounts
audited in accordance with the provisions of sub-section (5) of
section 35 shall furnish, electronically, the annual return under
sub-section (1) along with a copy of the audited annual accounts
and a reconciliation statement, reconciling the value of supplies
declared in the return furnished for the financial year with the
audited annual financial statement, and such other particulars as
may be prescribed.
Notice to return defaulters
Section 45 of CGST bill, 2017
Where a registered person fails to furnish a return under section 39 or
section 44 or section 45, a notice shall be issued requiring him to
furnish such return within 15 days in such form and manner as may be
prescribed.
Levy of Late Fee
Section 47 of CGST bill, 2017
1) Any registered person who fails to furnish the details of outward or
inward supplies required under section 37 or section 38 or returns
required under section 39 or section 45 by the due date shall pay a late
fee of Rs. 100 for every day during which such failure continues
subject to a maximum amount of Rs. 5000.
2) Any registered person who fails to furnish the return required under
section 44 by the due date shall be liable to pay a late fee of Rs. 100
for every day during which such failure continues subject to a
maximum of an amount calculated at a quarter per cent of his turnover
in the State or Union territory.
Goods and services tax practitioners
Section 48 of CGST bill, 2017
1) The manner of approval of goods and services tax practitioners,
their eligibility conditions, duties and obligations, manner of
removal and other conditions relevant for their functioning shall be
such as may be prescribed.
2) A registered person may authorise an approved goods and services
tax practitioner to furnish the details of outward supplies under
section 37, the details of inward supplies under section 38 and the
return under section 39 or section 44 or section 45 in such manner
as may be prescribed.
3) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (2), the
responsibility for correctness of any particulars furnished in the
return or other details filed by the goods and services tax
practitioners shall continue to rest with the registered person on
whose behalf such return and details are furnished.
Returns Rules
Rule 1-Form and manner of furnishing details of
outward supplies
(1) Every registered person required to furnish the details of outward
supplies of goods or services or both under section 37, shall furnish
such details in FORM GSTR-1 electronically through the Common
Portal either directly or through a Facilitation Centre notified by
Commissioner.(2) The details of outward supplies of goods or services or both furnished
in FORM GSTR-1 shall include inter-alia,–
(a) invoice wise details of all -
(i) inter-State and intra-State supplies made to registered persons;
(ii) inter-State supplies with invoice value more than two and a
half lakh rupees made to unregistered persons;
(b) consolidated details of all -
(i) intra-State supplies made to unregistered persons for each rate
of tax; and
(ii) State wise inter-State supplies with invoice value less than two
and a half lakh rupees made to unregistered persons for each
rate of tax; and
(c) debit and credit notes, if any issued during the month for invoices
issued previously.
Rule 1- Form and manner of outward Supplies
(3) The details of outward supplies furnished by the supplier shall be
made available electronically to the concerned registered persons
(recipients) in Part A of FORM GSTR- 2A, in FORM GSTR-4A
and in FORM GSTR-6A through the Common Portal after the due
date of filing of FORM GSTR-1.
(4) The details of inward supplies added, corrected or deleted by the
recipient in his FORM GSTR-2 under section 38 or FORM GSTR-4
under section 39 shall be made available to the supplier electronically
in FORM GSTR-1A through the Common Portal and such supplier
may either accept or reject the modifications made by the recipient
and FORM GSTR-1 furnished earlier by the supplier shall stand
amended to the extent of modifications accepted by him.
Rule 1- Form and manner of outward Supplies
Rule 2- Form and manner of furnishing details of
inward supplies
(1) Every registered person required to furnish the details of
inward supplies of goods or services or both received during a
tax period under sub-section (2) of section 38 shall, on the
basis of details contained in Part A, Part B, Part C and Part D
of FORM GSTR-2A, prepare such details as specified in
sub-section (1) of the said section and furnish the same in
FORM GSTR-2 electronically through the Common Portal,
either directly or from a Facilitation Centre notified by the
Commissioner, after including therein details of such other
inward supplies, if any, required to be furnished under sub-
section (2) of section 38.
(2) Every registered person shall furnish the details, if any,
required under sub-section (5) of section 38 electronically in
FORM GSTR-2.
(3) The registered person shall specify the inward supplies in
respect of which he is not eligible, either fully or partially, for
input tax credit in FORM GSTR-2 where such eligibility can
be determined at the invoice level.
Rule 2- Form and manner of inward Supplies
(4) The registered person shall declare the quantum of ineligible input
tax credit on inward supplies which is relatable to non-taxable
supplies or for purposes other than business and cannot be
determined at the invoice level in FORM GSTR-2.
(5) The details of invoices furnished by an Input Service Distributor in
his return in FORM GSTR-6 under rule 7 shall be made available
to the recipient of credit in Part B of FORM GSTR -2A
electronically through the Common Portal and the said recipient
may include the same in FORM GSTR-2.
(6) The details of tax deducted at source furnished by the deductor
under sub-section (3) of section 39 in FORM GSTR-7 shall be
made available to the deductee in Part C of FORM GSTR-2A
electronically through the Common Portal and the said deductee
may include the same in FORM GSTR-2.
Rule 2- Form and manner of inward Supplies
(7) The details of tax collected at source furnished by an e-commerce
operator under section 52 in FORM GSTR-8 shall be made
available to the concerned person in Part D of FORM GSTR - 2A
electronically through the Common Portal and such taxable person
may include the same in FORM GSTR-2.
(8) The details of inward supplies of goods or services or both furnished
in Form GSTR-2 shall include, inter-alia-
(a) invoice wise details of all inter-State and intra-State supplies
received from registered persons or unregistered persons;
(b) import of goods and services made; and
(c) debit and credit notes, if any, received from supplier
Rule 2- Form and manner of inward Supplies
Rule 3- Form and manner of submission of
monthly return
(1) Every registered person, other than an Input Service Distributor
or a non-resident taxable person or a person paying tax under
section 10 or section 51 or, as the case may be, under section 52
shall furnish a return specified under sub-section (1) of section
39 in FORM GSTR-3 electronically through the Common Portal
either directly or through a Facilitation Centre notified by the
Commissioner.
(2) Part A of the return under sub-rule (1) shall be electronically
generated on the basis of information furnished through returns
in FORM GSTR-1, FORM GSTR-2 and based on other
liabilities of preceding tax periods.
(3) Every registered person furnishing the return under sub-rule (1)
shall, subject to the provisions of section 49, discharge his
liability towards tax, interest, penalty, fees or any other amount
payable under the Act or these rules by debiting the electronic
cash ledger or electronic credit ledger and include the details in
Part B of the return in FORM GSTR-3.
Rule 3- Form and manner of Monthly Return
(4) A registered person, claiming refund of any balance in the
electronic cash ledger in accordance with the provisions of sub-
section (6) of section 49, may claim such refund in Part B of the
return in FORM GSTR-3 and such return shall be deemed to be
an application filed under section 54.
(5) Where the time limit for furnishing of details in FORM GSTR-1
under section 37 and in FORM GSTR-2 under section 38 has
been extended, return in FORM GSTR-3B, in lieu of FORM
GSTR-3, may be furnished in such manner as may be notified by
the Commissioner .
Rule 3- Form and manner of Monthly Return
Rule 4- Form and manner of submission of
quarterly return by the composition
supplier
(1) Every registered person paying tax under section 10 shall, after
adding, correcting or deleting the details in FORM GSTR-4A,
furnish a quarterly return in FORM GSTR-4 electronically
through the Common Portal, either directly or through a
Facilitation Centre notified by the Commissioner.
(2) Every registered person furnishing the return under sub-rule (1)
shall discharge his liability towards tax, interest, penalty, fees or
any other amount payable under the Act or these rules by debiting
the electronic cash ledger.
(3) The return furnished under sub-rule (1) shall include, inter-alia:
(a) invoice wise inter-State and intra-State inward supplies
received from registered and un-registered persons;
(b) import of goods and services made;
(c) consolidated details of outward supplies made; and
(d) debit and credit notes issued and received, if any;
Rule 4- Form and manner of Quarterly Return
(4) A registered person who has opted to pay tax under section 10
from the beginning of a financial year, shall furnish the details of
outward and inward supplies and return under rule 1, rule 2 and
rule 3 relating to the period during which the person was liable
to furnish such details and returns till the due date of furnishing
the return for the month of September of the succeeding
financial year or furnishing of annual return of the preceding
financial year, whichever is earlier.
Rule 4- Form and manner of Quarterly Return
Rule 5- Form and manner of submission of return by
non-resident taxable person
Every registered non-resident taxable person shall furnish a return in
FORM GSTR-5 electronically through the Common Portal, either
directly or through a Facilitation Centre notified by the Commissioner,
including therein the details of outward supplies and inward supplies
and shall pay the tax, interest, penalty, fees or any other amount
payable under the Act or these rules within 20 days after the end of a
tax period or within 7 days after the last day of the validity period of
registration, whichever is earlier.
Rule 6-Form and manner of submission of return by Input
Service Distributor
Every Input Service Distributor shall, after adding, correcting or
deleting the details contained in FORM GSTR-6A, furnish
electronically a return in FORM GSTR-6, containing the details of tax
invoices on which credit has been received and those issued under
section 20, through the Common Portal either directly or from a
Facilitation Centre notified by the Commissioner.
Rule 7- Form and manner of submission of return by a person
required to deduct tax at source
(1) Every registered person required to deduct tax at source under
section 51 shall furnish a return in FORM GSTR-7
electronically through the Common Portal either directly or from
a Facilitation Centre notified by the Commissioner.
(2) The details furnished by the deductor under sub-rule (1) shall be
made available electronically to each of the suppliers in Part C
of FORM GSTR-2A on the Common Portal after the due date
of filing of FORM GSTR-7.
(3) The certificate referred to in sub-section (3) of section 51 shall
be made available electronically to the deductee on the Common
Portal in FORM GSTR-7A on the basis of the return furnished
under sub-rule (1).
Rule 8-Form and manner of submission of statement of
supplies by an e-commerce operator
(1) Every electronic commerce operator required to collect tax at
source under section 52 shall furnish a statement in FORM
GSTR-8 electronically through the Common Portal, either
directly or from a Facilitation Centre notified by the
Commissioner, containing details of supplies effected through
such operator and the amount of tax collected as required under
sub-section (1) of section 52.
(2) The details furnished by the operator under sub-rule (1) shall be
made available electronically to each of the suppliers in Part D of
FORM GSTR-2A on the Common Portal after the due date of
filing of FORM GSTR-8.
Rule 9- Notice to non-filers of returns
A notice in FORM GSTR-3A shall be issued, electronically, to a
registered person who fails to furnish return under section 39 and
section 45.
Rule 10- Matching of claim of input tax credit
The following details relating to the claim of input tax credit on
inward supplies including imports, provisionally allowed under
section 41, shall be matched under section 42 after the due date for
furnishing the return in FORM GSTR-3
(a) GSTIN of the supplier;
(b) GSTIN of the recipient;
(c) Invoice/ or debit note number;
(d) Invoice/ or debit note date;
(e) taxable value; and
(f) tax amount:
Provided that where the time limit for furnishing FORM GSTR-1
specified under section 37 and FORM GSTR-2 specified under
section 38 has been extended, the date of matching relating to claim
of input tax credit shall also be extended accordingly.
Rule 10- Matching of Claim of ITC
Explanation 1.- The claim of input tax credit in respect of invoices
and debit notes in FORM GSTR-2 that were accepted by the
recipient on the basis of FORM GSTR-2A without amendment shall
be treated as matched if the corresponding supplier has furnished a
valid return.
Explanation 2. - The claim of input tax credit shall be considered as
matched, where the amount of input tax credit claimed is equal to or
less than the output tax paid on such tax invoice or debit note by the
corresponding supplier.
Rule 10- Matching of Claim of ITC
(1) The final acceptance of claim of input tax credit in respect of any
tax period, specified in sub-section (2) of section 42, shall be
made available electronically to the registered person making
such claim in FORM GST MIS -1 through the Common Portal.
(2) The claim of input tax credit in respect of any tax period which
had been communicated as mismatched but is found to be
matched after rectification by the supplier or recipient shall be
finally accepted and made available electronically to the person
making such claim in FORM GST MIS - 1 through the
Common Portal.
Rule 11- Final acceptance of input tax credit and
communication thereof
Rule 12- Communication and rectification of
discrepancy in claim of input tax
credit and reversal of claim of input
tax credit
(1) Any discrepancy in the claim of input tax credit in respect of any tax
period, specified in sub-section (3) of section 42 and the details of
output tax liable to be added under subsection (5) of the said section
on account of continuation of such discrepancy shall be made
available to the registered person making such claim electronically in
FORM GST MIS -1 and to the supplier electronically in FORM
GST MIS-2 through the Common Portal on or before the last date of
the month in which the matching has been carried out.
(2) A supplier to whom any discrepancy is made available under sub-rule
(1) may make suitable rectifications in the statement of outward
supplies to be furnished for the month in which the discrepancy is
made available.
(3) A recipient to whom any discrepancy is made available under sub-
rule (1) may make suitable rectifications in the statement of inward
supplies to be furnished for the month in which the discrepancy is
made available.
Rule 12- Communication and Rectification
(4) Where the discrepancy is not rectified under sub-rule (2) or sub-rule
(3), an amount to the extent of discrepancy shall be added to the
output tax liability of the recipient in his return to be furnished in
FORM GSTR-3 for the month succeeding the month in which the
discrepancy is made available.
Explanation 1. - Rectification by a supplier means adding or
correcting the details of an outward supply in his valid return so as to
match the details of corresponding inward supply declared by the
recipient.
Explanation 2. - Rectification by the recipient means deleting or
correcting the details of an inward supply so as to match the details of
corresponding outward supply declared by the supplier.
Rule 12- Communication and Rectification
Duplication of claims of input tax credit in the details of inward
supplies shall be communicated to the registered person in
FORM GST MIS - 1 electronically through the Common Portal.
Rule 13- Claim of input tax credit on the same invoice
more than once
Rule 14- Matching of claim of reduction in
the output tax liability
(1) The following details relating to the claim of reduction in output
tax liability shall be matched under section 43 after the due date
for furnishing the return in FORM GSTR-3 –
(a) GSTIN of the supplier;.
(b) GSTIN of the recipient;
(c) credit note number;
(d) credit note date;
(e) taxable value; and
(f) tax amount:
Provided that where the time limit for furnishing FORM
GSTR-1 under section 37 and FORM GSTR-2 under section
38 has been extended, the date of matching of claim of
reduction in the output tax liability shall be extended
accordingly.
Rule 14- Matching of claim
Explanation 1.- The claim of reduction in output tax liability
due to issuance of credit notes in FORM GSTR-1 that were
accepted by the recipient in FORM GSTR-2 without
amendment shall be treated as matched if the corresponding
recipient has furnished a valid return.
Explanation 2.- The claim of reduction in the output tax liability
shall be considered as matched, where the amount of reduction
claimed is equal to or less than the claim of reduction in input
tax credit admitted and discharged on such credit note by the
corresponding recipient in his valid return.
Rule 14- Matching of claim
Rule 15- Final acceptance of reduction in output
tax liability and communication thereof
(1) The final acceptance of claim of reduction in output tax
liability in respect of any tax period, specified in sub-section
(2) of section 43, shall be made available electronically to the
person making such claim in FORM GST MIS - 3 through
the Common Portal.
(2) The claim of reduction in output tax liability in respect of any
tax period which had been communicated as mis-matched but
is found to be matched after rectification by the supplier or
recipient shall be finally accepted and made available
electronically to the person making such claim in FORM GST
MIS - 3 through the Common Portal.
Rule 16- Communication and rectification of
discrepancy in reduction in output
tax liability and reversal of claim of
reduction
(1) Any discrepancy in claim of reduction in output tax liability,
specified in sub-section (3) of section 43, and the details of
output tax liability to be added under sub-section (5) of the
said section on account of continuation of such discrepancy
shall be made available to the registered person making such
claim electronically in FORM GST MIS - 3 and the
recipient electronically in FORM GST MIS - 4 through the
Common Portal on or before the last date of the month in
which the matching has been carried out.
(2) A supplier to whom any discrepancy is made available under
sub-rule (1) may make suitable rectifications in the statement
of outward supplies to be furnished for the month in which
the discrepancy is made available.
(3) A recipient to whom any discrepancy is made available
under sub-rule (1) may make suitable rectifications in the
statement of inward supplies to be furnished for the month in
which the discrepancy is made available.
Rule 16- Communication and Rectification in output Tax
(4) Where the discrepancy is not rectified under sub-rule (2) or sub-
rule (3), an amount to the extent of discrepancy shall be added
to the output tax liability of the supplier and debited to tax
liability register and also shown in his return in FORM GSTR-
3 for the month succeeding the month in which the discrepancy
is made available.
Explanation 1.- Rectification by a supplier means deleting or
correcting the details of an outward supply in his valid return so
as to match the details of corresponding inward supply declared
by the recipient.
Explanation 2.- Rectification by the recipient means adding or
correcting the details of an inward supply so as to match the
details of corresponding outward supply declared by the
supplier.
Rule 16- Communication and Rectification in output Tax
Rule 17- Claim of reduction in output tax liability more
than once
Duplication of claims for reduction in output tax liability in the
details of outward supplies shall be communicated to the
registered person in FORM GST MIS - 3 electronically through
the Common Portal.
Rule 18- Refund of interest paid on reclaim of reversals
The interest to be refunded under sub-section (9) of section 42 or
sub-section (9) of section 43 shall be claimed by the registered
person in his return in FORM GSTR-3 and shall be credited to his
electronic cash ledger in FORM GST PMT-3 and the amount
credited shall be available for payment of any future liability towards
interest or the taxable person may claim refund of the amount under
section 54.
Rule 19- Matching of details furnished by the
e-Commerce operator with the details
furnished by the supplier
The following details relating to the supplies made through an e-
Commerce operator, as declared in FORM GSTR-8, shall be
matched with the corresponding details declared by the supplier in
FORM GSTR-1
(a) GSTIN of the supplier;
(b) GSTIN or UIN of the recipient, if the recipient is a
registered person;
(c) State of place of supply;
(d) invoice number of the supplier;
(e) date of invoice of the supplier;
(f) taxable value; and
(g) tax amount:
Matching of details by e-commerce with supplier
Provided that for all supplies where the supplier is not required to
furnish the details separately for each supply, the following details
relating to such supplies made through an eCommerce operator, as
declared in FORM GSTR-8, shall be matched with the
corresponding details declared by the supplier in FORM GSTR-1-
(a) GSTIN of the supplier;
(b) State of place of supply;
(c) total taxable value of all supplies made in the State
through e-commerce portal; and
(d) tax amount on all supplies made in the State:
Provided further that where the time limit for furnishing FORM
GSTR-1 under section 37 has been extended, the date of matching
of the above mentioned details shall be extended accordingly.
Matching of details by e-commerce with supplier
Rule 20- Communication and rectification of
discrepancy in details furnished by
the ecommerce operator and the
supplier
(1) Any discrepancy in the details furnished by the operator and
those declared by the supplier shall be made available to the
supplier electronically in FORM GST MIS-5 and to the e-
commerce portal electronically in FORM GST MIS–6 through
the Common Portal on or before the last date of the month in
which the matching has been carried out.
(2) A supplier to whom any discrepancy is made available under
sub-rule (1) may make suitable rectifications in the statement
of outward supplies to be furnished for the month in which the
discrepancy is made available.
(3) An operator to whom any discrepancy is made available under
sub-rule (1) may make suitable rectifications in the statement to
be furnished for the month in which the discrepancy is made
available.
Communication by e-commerce operator and supplier
(4) Where the discrepancy is not rectified under sub-rule (2) or sub-
rule (3), an amount to the extent of discrepancy shall be added to
the output tax liability of the supplier in his return in FORM
GSTR-3 for the month succeeding the month in which the details
of discrepancy are made available and such addition to the output
tax liability and interest payable thereon shall be made available
to the supplier electronically on the Common Portal in FORM
GST MIS –5.
Communication by e-commerce operator and supplier
Rule 21- Annual Return
(1) Every registered person, other than an Input Service Distributor, a
person paying tax under section 51 or section 52, a casual taxable
person and a non-resident taxable person, shall furnish an annual
return as specified under sub-section (1) of section 44
electronically in FORM GSTR-9 through the Common Portal
either directly or through a Facilitation Centre notified by the
Commissioner:
Provided that a person paying tax under section 10 shall furnish
the annual return in FORM GSTR-9A.
(2) Every registered person whose aggregate turnover during a
financial year exceeds one crore rupees shall get his accounts
audited as specified under sub-section (5) of section 35 and he
shall furnish a copy of audited annual accounts and a
reconciliation statement, duly certified, in FORM GSTR-9B,
electronically through the Common Portal either directly or
through a Facilitation Centre notified by the Commissioner.
Rule 22- Final Return
Every registered person required to furnish a final return under section
45, shall furnish such return electronically in FORM GSTR-10
through the Common Portal either directly or through a Facilitation
Centre notified by the Commissioner.
Rule 23- Details of inward supplies of persons having
Unique Identity Number
(1) Every person, who has been issued a Unique Identity Number
and claims refund of the taxes paid on his inward supplies, shall
furnish the details of such supplies of taxable goods or services
or both in FORM GSTR-11 along with application for such
refund claim either directly or through a Facilitation Centre,
notified by the Commissioner.
(2) Every person, who has been issued a Unique Identity Number for
purposes other than refund of the taxes paid, shall furnish the
details of inward supplies of taxable goods or services or both as
may be required by the proper officer in FORM GSTR-11.
Rule 24- Provisions relating to a goods and
services tax practitioner
(1) An application in FORM GST PCT-1 may be made to the officer
authorised in this behalf for enrolment as goods and services tax
practitioner by any person who:
(a) (i) is a citizen of India;
(ii) is a person of sound mind;
(iii) is not adjudicated as insolvent;
(iv) has not been convicted by a competent court for an
offence with imprisonment not less than two years,-
and satisfies any of the following conditions: -
(b) that he is a retired officer of the Commercial Tax
Department of any State Government or of the Central
Board of Excise and Customs, Department of Revenue,
Government of India, who, during his service under the
Government, had worked in a post not lower in rank than
that of a Group-B gazetted officer for a period of not less
than 2 years; or
Rule 24- Provision Relating to goods and STP
(c) he has passed:
(i) a graduate or postgraduate degree or its equivalent
examination having a degree in Commerce, Law, Banking
including Higher Auditing, or Business Administration or
Business Management from any Indian University established
by any law for the time being in force; or
(ii) a degree examination of any Foreign University recognized by
any Indian University as equivalent to the degree examination
mentioned in sub clause (i); or
(iii) any other examination notified by the Government for this
purpose; or
(iv) any degree examination of an Indian University or of any
Foreign University recognized by any Indian University as
equivalent of the degree examination and has also passed any
of the following examinations, namely.-
Rule 24- Provision Relating to goods and STP
(a) final examination of the Institute of Chartered
Accountants of India; or
(b)final examination of the Institute of Cost Accountants
of India; or
(c) final examination of the Institute of Company
Secretaries of India.
(2) On receipt of the application referred to in sub-rule (1), the
authorised officer shall, after making such enquiry as he
considers necessary, either enrol the applicant as a goods and
services tax practitioner and issue a certificate to that effect in
FORM GST PCT - 2 or reject his application where it is
found that the applicant is not qualified to be enrolled as a
goods and services tax practitioner.
Rule 24- Provision Relating to goods and STP
(3) The enrolment made under sub-rule (2) shall be valid until it
is cancelled.
(4) If any goods and services tax practitioner is found guilty of
misconduct in connection with any proceedings under the
Act, the authorised officer may, by order, in FORM GST
PCT direct that he shall henceforth be disqualified under
section 48, after giving him a notice to show cause in
FORM GST PCT against such disqualification and after
giving him a reasonable opportunity of being heard.
(5) Any person against whom an order under sub-rule (4) is
made may, within 30 days from the date of the order under
sub-rule (4), appeal to the Commissioner against such order.
Rule 24- Provision Relating to goods and STP
(6) A list of goods and services tax practitioner enrolled under sub-
rule (1) shall be maintained on the Common Portal in FORM
GST PCT -5 and the authorised officer may make such
amendments to the list as may be necessary from time to time,
by reason of any change of address or death or disqualification
of any goods and services tax practitioner.
(7) Any registered person may, at his option, authorise a goods and
services tax practitioner on the Common Portal in FORM
GST PCT -6 or, at any time, withdraw such authorisation in
FORM GST PCT -7 and the goods and services tax
practitioner so authorised shall be allowed to undertake such
tasks as indicated in FORM GST PCT -6 during the period of
authorisation.
Rule 24- Provision Relating to goods and STP
(8) Where a statement required to be furnished by a registered
person has been furnished by the goods and services tax
practitioner authorised by him, a confirmation shall be sought
from the registered person over email or SMS and the
statement furnished by the goods and services tax practitioner
shall be made available to the registered person on the
Common Portal:
Provided that where the taxable person fails to respond to the
request for confirmation till the last date of furnishing of such
statement, it shall be deemed that he has confirmed the statements
furnished by the goods and services tax practitioner.
Rule 24- Provision Relating to goods and STP
(9) A goods and services tax practitioner can undertake any or all
of the following activities on behalf of a registered person, if so
authorised by the registered person to:
(a) furnish details of outward and inward supplies;
(b) furnish monthly, quarterly, annual or final return;
(c) make deposit for credit into the electronic cash ledger;
(d) file a claim for refund; and
(e) file an application for amendment or cancellation of
registration.
Rule 24- Provision Relating to goods and STP
(10) Any registered person opting to furnish his return through a
goods and services tax practitioner shall-
(a) give his consent in FORM GST PCT -6 to any goods
and services tax practitioner to prepare and furnish his
return; and
(b) before confirming submission of any statement prepared
by the goods and services tax practitioner, ensure that the
facts mentioned in the return are true and correct before
signature.
(11) The goods and services tax practitioner shall-
(a) prepare the statements with due diligence; and
(b)affix his digital signature on the statements prepared by
him or electronically verify using his credentials.
Rule 24- Provision Relating to goods and STP
Rule 25- Conditions for purposes of appearance
(1) No person shall be eligible to attend before any authority, as a
goods and services tax practitioner, in connection with any
proceedings under the Act on behalf of any registered person or un-
registered person unless his name has been entered in the list
maintained under sub-rule (6) of rule 24 .
(2) An Accountant or a goods and services tax practitioner attending on
behalf of a registered person or an un-registered person in any
proceedings under the Act before any authority shall produce
before such authority, if required, a copy of the authorisation given
by the taxable person or person in Form GST PCT -6.
GST- TAX INVOICE, CREDIT AND DEBIT NOTE
Copyright @ AstraZure* 2017
Tax Invoice
Section 31 of CGST bill, 2017
1) A registered person supplying taxable goods shall, before or at the
time of,—
a) Removal of goods for supply to the recipient, where the supply
involves movement of goods; or
b) delivery of goods or making available thereof to the recipient, in
any other case, issue a tax invoice showing the description,
quantity and value of goods, the tax charged thereon and such
other particulars as may be prescribed:
Provided that the Government may, on the recommendations of the
Council, by notification, specify the categories of goods or supplies
in respect of which a tax invoice shall be issued, within such time
and in such manner as may be prescribed.
Tax Invoice
2) A registered person supplying taxable services shall, before or after
the provision of service but within a prescribed period, issue a tax
invoice, showing the description, value, tax charged thereon and such
other particulars as may be prescribed:
Provided that the Government may, on the recommendations of the
Council, by notification and subject to such conditions as may be
mentioned therein, specify the categories of services in respect of
which––
a) any other document issued in relation to the supply shall be
deemed to be a tax invoice; or
b) Tax invoice may not be issued.
Tax Invoice
3) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-sections (1) and (2)––
a) a registered person may, within one month from the date of
issuance of certificate of registration and in such manner as may
be prescribed, issue a revised invoice against the invoice already
issued during the period beginning with the effective date of
registration till the date of issuance of certificate of registration to
him;
b) a registered person may not issue a tax invoice if the value of the
goods or services or both supplied is less than Rs. 200 subject to
such conditions and in such manner as may be prescribed;
c) a registered person supplying exempted goods or services or both
or paying tax under the provisions of section 10 shall issue,
instead of a tax invoice, a bill of supply containing such
particulars and in such manner as may be prescribed:
Tax Invoice
Provided that the registered person may not issue a bill of supply if
the value of the goods or services or both supplied is less than Rs.
200 subject to such conditions and in such manner as may be
prescribed;
d) a registered person shall, on receipt of advance payment with
respect to any supply of goods or services or both, issue a receipt
voucher or any other document, containing such particulars as
may be prescribed, evidencing receipt of such payment;
e) where, on receipt of advance payment with respect to any supply
of goods or services or both the registered person issues a receipt
voucher, but subsequently no supply is made and no tax invoice is
issued in pursuance thereof, the said registered person may issue
to the person who had made the payment, a refund voucher
against such payment;
Tax Invoice
f) a registered person who is liable to pay tax under sub-section (3)
or sub-section (4) of section 9 shall issue an invoice in respect
of goods or services or both received by him from the supplier
who is not registered on the date of receipt of goods or services
or both;
g) a registered person who is liable to pay tax under sub-section (3)
or sub-section (4) of section 9 shall issue a payment voucher at
the time of making payment to the supplier.
4) In case of continuous supply of goods, where successive statements
of accounts or successive payments are involved, the invoice shall
be issued before or at the time each such statement is issued or, as
the case may be, each such payment is received.
Tax Invoice
5) Subject to the provisions of clause (d) of sub-section (3), in case
of continuous supply of services,––
a) where the due date of payment is ascertainable from the
contract, the invoice shall be issued on or before the due date of
payment;
b) where the due date of payment is not ascertainable from the
contract, the invoice shall be issued before or at the time when
the supplier of service receives the payment;
c) Where the payment is linked to the completion of an event, the
invoice shall be issued on or before the date of completion of
that event.
Tax Invoice
6) In a case where the supply of services ceases under a contract
before the completion of the supply, the invoice shall be issued at
the time when the supply ceases and such invoice shall be issued
to the extent of the supply made before such cessation.
7) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), where the
goods being sent or taken on approval for sale or return are
removed before the supply takes place, the invoice shall be issued
before or at the time of supply or 6 months from the date of
removal, whichever is earlier.
Explanation.––For the purposes of this section, the expression
“tax invoice” shall include any revised invoice issued by the
supplier in respect of a supply made earlier.
Tax Invoice
1) A person who is not a registered person shall not collect in respect
of any supply of goods or services or both any amount by way of
tax under this Act.
2) No registered person shall collect tax except in accordance with the
provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder.
Prohibition of unauthorised collection of tax
Section 32 of CGST bill, 2017
Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act or any other law for the
time being in force, where any supply is made for a consideration, every
person who is liable to pay tax for such supply shall prominently
indicate in all documents relating to assessment, tax invoice and other
like documents, the amount of tax which shall form part of the price at
which such supply is made.
Amount of tax to be indicated in tax invoice and
other documents
Section 33 of CGST bill, 2017
Credit and debit notes
Section 34 of CGST bill, 2017
1) Where a tax invoice has been issued for supply of any goods or
services or both and the taxable value or tax charged in that tax
invoice is found to exceed the taxable value or tax payable in
respect of such supply, or where the goods supplied are returned by
the recipient, or where goods or services or both supplied are found
to be deficient, the registered person, who has supplied such goods
or services or both, may issue to the recipient a credit note
containing such particulars as may be prescribed.
2) Any registered person who issues a credit note in relation to a
supply of goods or services or both shall declare the details of such
credit note in the return for the month during which such credit
note has been issued but not later than September following the end
of the financial year in which such supply was made, or the date of
furnishing of the relevant annual return, whichever is earlier, and
the tax liability shall be adjusted in such manner as may be
prescribed:
Credit and Debit Notes
Provided that no reduction in output tax liability of the supplier shall
be permitted, if the incidence of tax and interest on such supply has
been passed on to any other person.
3) Where a tax invoice has been issued for supply of any goods or
services or both and the taxable value or tax charged in that tax
invoice is found to be less than the taxable value or tax payable in
respect of such supply, the registered person, who has supplied such
goods or services or both, shall issue to the recipient a debit note
containing such particulars as may be prescribed.
4) Any registered person who issues a debit note in relation to a supply
of goods or services or both shall declare the details of such debit
note in the return for the month during which such debit note has
been issued and the tax liability shall be adjusted in such manner as
may be prescribed.
Explanation.––For the purposes of this Act, the expression “debit
note” shall include a supplementary invoice.
Credit and Debit Notes
Tax Invoice Rules
1) Subject to rule 7, a tax invoice referred to in section 31 shall be
issued by the registered person containing the following
particulars:-
a) Name, address and GSTIN of the supplier;
b) a consecutive serial number, in one or multiple series, containing
alphabets or numerals or special characters hyphen or dash and
slash symbolised as “-” and “/” respectively, and any combination
thereof, unique for a financial year;
c) Date of its issue;
d) Name, address and GSTIN or UIN, if registered, of the recipient;
e) Name and address of the recipient and the address of delivery,
along with the name of State and its code, if such recipient is un-
registered and where the value of taxable supply is fifty thousand
rupees or more;
Rule 1- Tax Invoice Rules
f) HSN code of goods or Accounting Code of services;
g) Description of goods or services;
h) Quantity in case of goods and unit or Unique Quantity Code
thereof;
i) Total value of supply of goods or services or both;
j) Taxable value of supply of goods or services or both taking into
account discount or abatement, if any;
k) Rate of tax (central tax, State tax, integrated tax, Union territory
tax or cess);
l) Amount of tax charged in respect of taxable goods or services
(central tax, State tax, integrated tax, Union territory tax or cess);
Rule 1- Tax Invoice Rules
m) Place of supply along with the name of State, in case of a supply in
the course of inter-State trade or commerce;
n) Address of delivery where the same is different from the place of
supply;
o) Whether the tax is payable on reverse charge basis; and
p) Signature or digital signature of the supplier or his authorized
representative:
Provided that the Commissioner may, on the recommendations of the
Council, by notification, specify –
i. the number of digits of HSN code for goods or the Accounting
Code for services, that a class of registered persons shall be
required to mention, for such period as may be specified in the
said notification, and
Rule 1- Tax Invoice Rules
ii. the class of registered persons that would not be required to
mention the HSN code for goods or the Accounting Code for
services, for such period as may be specified in the said
notification:
Provided further that in case of exports of goods or services, the
invoice shall carry an endorsement
“SUPPLY MEANT FOR EXPORT ON PAYMENT OF IGST” or
“SUPPLY MEANT FOR EXPORT UNDER BOND OR
LETTER OF UNDERTAKING WITHOUT PAYMENT OF
IGST”,
as the case may be, and shall, in lieu of the details specified in clause
(e), contain the following details:
Rule 1- Tax Invoice Rules
i. name and address of the recipient;
ii. address of delivery;
iii. name of the country of destination; and
iv. number and date of application for removal of goods for export:
Provided also that a registered person may not issue a tax invoice in
accordance with the provisions of clause (b) of sub-section (3) of
section 31 subject to the following conditions, namely:-
a) The recipient is not a registered person; and
b) The recipient does not require such invoice,
and shall issue a consolidated tax invoice for such supplies at the close
of each day in respect of all such supplies.
Rule 1- Tax Invoice Rules
Rule 2- Time limit for issuing tax invoice
The invoice referred to in rule 1, in case of taxable supply of services, shall
be issued within a period of 30 days from the date of supply of service:
Provided that where the supplier of services is an insurer or a banking
company or a financial institution, including a non-banking financial
company, the period within which the invoice or any document in lieu
thereof is to be issued shall be 45 days from the date of supply of service:
Provided further that where the supplier of services is an insurer or a
banking company or a financial institution, including a non-banking
financial company, or a telecom operator, or any other class of supplier of
services as may be notified by the Government on the recommendations of
the Council, making taxable supplies of services between distinct persons as
specified in section 25 as referred to in Entry 2 of Schedule I, may issue the
invoice before or at the time such supplier records the same in his books of
account or before the expiry of the quarter during which the supply was
made.
Rule 3- Manner of issuing invoice
1) The invoice shall be prepared in triplicate, in case of supply of
goods, in the following manner:–
a) the original copy being marked as ORIGINAL FOR
RECIPIENT;
b) the duplicate copy being marked as DUPLICATE FOR
TRANSPORTER; and
c) the triplicate copy being marked as TRIPLICATE FOR
SUPPLIER
Rule 3- Manner of Issuing Invoice
2) The invoice shall be prepared in duplicate, in case of supply of
services, in the following manner:-
a) the original copy being marked as ORIGINAL FOR
RECIPIENT; and
b) the duplicate copy being marked as DUPLICATE FOR
SUPPLIER
3) The serial number of invoices issued during a tax period shall
be furnished electronically through the Common Portal in
FORM GSTR-1.
Rule 3- Manner of Issuing Invoice
Rule 4- Bill of supply
A bill of supply referred to in clause (c) of sub-section (3) of section 31
shall be issued by the supplier containing the following details:-
a) name, address and GSTIN of the supplier;
b) a consecutive serial number, in one or multiple series, containing
alphabets or numerals or special characters -hyphen or dash and
slash symbolised as “-” and “/”respectively, and any combination
thereof, unique for a financial year;
c) date of its issue;
d) name, address and GSTIN or UIN, if registered, of the recipient;
e) HSN Code of goods or Accounting Code for services;
f) description of goods or services or both;
Rule 4- Bill of Supply
g) value of supply of goods or services or both taking into account
discount or abatement, if any; and
h) signature or digital signature of the supplier or his authorized
representative:
Provided that the provisos to rule 1 shall., mutatis mutandis, apply to
the bill of supply issued under this rule.
Rule 4- Bill of Supply
Rule 5- Receipt voucher
A receipt voucher referred to in clause (d) of sub-section (3) of section
31 shall contain the following particulars:
a) name, address and GSTIN of the supplier;
b)a consecutive serial number containing alphabets or numerals or
special characters -hyphen or dash and slash symbolised as “-” and
“/”respectively, and any combination thereof, unique for a
financial year.
c) date of its issue;
d)name, address and GSTIN or UIN, if registered, of the recipient;
e) description of goods or services;
f) amount of advance taken;
Rule 5- Receipt Voucher
g) rate of tax (central tax, State tax, integrated tax, Union territory
tax or Cess);
h)amount of tax charged in respect of taxable goods or services
(central tax, State tax, integrated tax, Union territory tax or Cess);
i) place of supply along with the name of State and its code, in case
of a supply in the course of inter-State trade or commerce;
j) whether the tax is payable on reverse charge basis; and
k)signature or digital signature of the supplier or his authorized
representative.
Rule 5- Receipt Voucher
Rule 6- Supplementary tax invoice and
Credit or debit notes
1) A revised tax invoice referred to in section 31 and credit or debit
note referred to in section 34 shall contain the following particulars –
a) the word “Revised Invoice”, wherever applicable, indicated
prominently;
b) name, address and GSTIN of the supplier;
c) nature of the document;
d) a consecutive serial number containing alphabets or numerals or
special characters -hyphen or dash and slash symbolised as “-”
and “/”respectively,, and any combination thereof, unique for a
financial year;
e) date of issue of the document;
f) name, address and GSTIN or UIN, if registered, of the recipient;
Rule 6- Supplementary Invoices
g) name and address of the recipient and the address of delivery,
along with the name of State and its code, if such recipient is un-
registered;
h) serial number and date of the corresponding tax invoice or, as the
case may be, bill of supply;
i) value of taxable supply of goods or services, rate of tax and the
amount of the tax credited or, as the case may be, debited to the
recipient; and
j) signature or digital signature of the supplier or his authorized
representative:
Rule 6- Supplementary Invoices
2) Every registered person who has been granted registration with
effect from a date earlier than the date of issuance of certificate of
registration to him, may issue revised tax invoices in respect of
taxable supplies effected during the period starting from the
effective date of registration till the date of issuance of certificate of
registration:
Provided that the registered person may issue a consolidated
revised tax invoice in respect of all taxable supplies made to a
recipient who is not registered under the Act during such period:
Provided further that in case of inter-State supplies, where the value
of a supply does not exceed two lakh and fifty thousand rupees, a
consolidated revised invoice may be issued separately in respect of
all recipients located in a State, who are not registered under the
Act.
3) Any invoice or debit note issued in pursuance of any tax payable in
accordance with the provisions of section 74 or section 129 or
section 130 shall prominently contain the words “INPUT TAX
CREDIT NOTADMISSIBLE”.
Rule 6- Supplementary Invoices
Rule 7-Tax Invoice in special cases
1) An ISD invoice or, as the case may be, an ISD credit note issued by
an Input Service Distributor shall contain the following details:-
a) name, address and GSTIN of the Input Service Distributor;
b) a consecutive serial number containing alphabets or numerals or
special characters hyphen or dash and slash symbolised as , “-”,
“/”, respectively, and any combination thereof, unique for a
financial year;
c) date of its issue;
d) name, address and GSTIN of the recipient to whom the credit is
distributed;
e) amount of the credit distributed; and
f) signature or digital signature of the Input Service Distributor or
his authorized representative:
Rule 7- Tax Invoices in Special Case
Provided that where the Input Service Distributor is an office of a
banking company or a financial institution, including a non-banking
financial company, a tax invoice shall include any document in lieu
thereof, by whatever name called, whether or not serially numbered
but containing the information as prescribed above.
2) Where the supplier of taxable service is an insurer or a banking
company or a financial institution, including a non-banking financial
company, the said supplier shall issue a tax invoice or any other
document in lieu thereof, by whatever name called, whether or not
serially numbered, and whether or not containing the address of the
recipient of taxable service but containing other information as
prescribed under rule 1.
Rule 7- Tax Invoices in Special Case
3) Where the supplier of taxable service is a goods transport agency
supplying services in relation to transportation of goods by road
in a goods carriage, the said supplier shall issue a tax invoice or
any other document in lieu thereof, by whatever name called,
containing the gross weight of the consignment, name of the
consignor and the consignee, registration number of goods
carriage in which the goods are transported, details of goods
transported, details of place of origin and destination, GSTIN of
the person liable for paying tax whether as consignor, consignee
or goods transport agency, and also containing other information
as prescribed under rule 1.
4) Where the supplier of taxable service is supplying passenger
transportation service, a tax invoice shall include ticket in any
form, by whatever name called, whether or not serially
numbered, and whether or not containing the address of the
recipient of service but containing other information as
prescribed under rule 1.
Rule 7- Tax Invoices in Special Case
Rule 8- Transportation of goods without issue of
invoice
1) For the purposes of
a) supply of liquid gas where the quantity at the time of removal
from the place of business of the supplier is not known;
b) transportation of goods for job work,
c) transportation of goods for reasons other than by way of supply, or
d) such other supplies as may be notified by the Board,
the consigner may issue a delivery challan, serially numbered, in lieu
of invoice at the time of removal of goods for transportation,
containing following details:
i. date and number of the delivery challan,
ii. name, address and GSTIN of the consigner, if registered,
Rule 8- Transportation of goods
iii. name, address and GSTIN or UIN of the consignee, if
registered,
iv. HSN code and description of goods,
v. quantity (provisional, where the exact quantity being supplied
is not known),
vi. taxable value,
vii.tax rate and tax amount – central tax, State tax, integrated tax,
Union territory tax or Cess, where the transportation is for
supply to the consignee,
viii.place of supply, in case of inter-State movement, and
ix. signature.
Rule 8- Transportation of goods
2) The delivery Challan shall be prepared in triplicate, in case of
supply of goods, in the following manner:–
a) the original copy being marked as ORIGINAL FOR
CONSIGNEE;
b) the duplicate copy being marked as DUPLICATE FOR
TRANSPORTER; and
c) the triplicate copy being marked as TRIPLICATE FOR
CONSIGNER.
3) Where goods are being transported on a delivery Challan in lieu of
invoice, the same shall be declared in FORM [WAYBILL].
4) Where the goods being transported are for the purpose of supply to
the recipient but the tax invoice could not be issued at the time of
removal of goods for the purpose of supply, the supplier shall issue
a tax invoice after delivery of goods.
Rule 8- Transportation of goods
5) Where the goods are being transported in a semi knocked down or
completely knocked down condition,
a) the supplier shall issue the complete invoice before dispatch of
the first consignment;
b) the supplier shall issue a delivery Challan for each of the
subsequent consignments, giving reference of the invoice;
c) each consignment shall be accompanied by copies of the
corresponding delivery Challan along with a duly certified copy
of the invoice; and
d) the original copy of the invoice shall be sent along with the last
consignment.
Rule 8- Transportation of goods