GLOBAL ISLAMISM:

A VERY SHORT INTRODUCTION

Ahmad Rizky M. Umar

Ahmad.rizky.m@mail.ugm.ac.id

OUTLINE

Global Outreach of Islamist Movement

Origins and Roots

Islamist Movement and the Changing Global

Architecture

Global Momentum for Islamist Movement

Islamism: The Case of Indonesia

GLOBAL OUTREACH OF ISLAMIST MOVEMENT

Indonesia Jihadi Network, Tarbiyah Movement, HTI

Egypt The Muslim Brotherhood, Jamaah Islamiyyah,

Political Salafi,

Malaysia PAS, PKR, Usrah,

Turkey AKP, Gulenist, Refah

Tunisia An-Nahda

Central Asia Hizb Tahrir

Syria ISIS, Jihadi Network,etc.

Source: Pew Research Center, Wikipedia

HOW DID IT ALL STARTED?

The Fall of Caliphate Turkish defeat in the WW1, The Rise of Young Turks, Kemalist revolution, abolition of Caliphate, Responses From Muslim World

Islamic Modernization Emergence of Al-Azhar under Muhammad Abduh, Modernist publications (e.g: Al-Manar), The Rise of Modernist Muslim Intellectuals under Colonial Government (Afghany, Abduh, Rida,

Colonialism in the Muslim World The Europeans are Coming! Colonial Secular Government, Muslim resistance

The Marginalization of Islam in Post-Colonial World The Rise of Nationalism, Authoritarian Post-Colonial Government, Secularism and its Colonial Legacy in Modern Muslim World

THE CHANGING GLOBAL ARCHITECTURE

Changing Political Order in World Politics Fall of Communism, US Hegemony, Political Changes in the Middle East and Southeast Asia, The Global War on Terrorism and Global Economic Crisis

Islam in Question? The 9/11 Attack, Jihadi Network, US-led Global War on Terrorism, Good Muslim and Bad Muslim

Political Discontent in The Middle East Arab Spring, The Emergence of Political Islam, Democratization and Authoritarian Responses

THE GLOBAL MOMENTUM

http://www.arabspringanditscontexts.wordpress.com/

INDONESIAN CONTEXT

Resistance Against Colonialism Originally a liberation movement (Sarekat Islam, Medan Moeslimin, etc) or Revivalist-Modernist movement (Muhammadiyah, Persis, PII, etc)

Marginalization from Political Order Jakarta Charter (1945), Constituante Debate (1955-59), Dissolution of Masyumi (1960), Komando Jihad, Islamist vis--vis New Order (1980s), Militarist Responses to Jihadi, Oligarchy

Democratic Momentum The Establishment of Islamic Political Parties (PKS, PBB, Local Islamic Party), Local Autonomy and Perda Sharia, Islamization of Public Sphere through Reformasi and Political Freedom, The Emergence of Consumer Culture

FRIEND OR FOE?

Inclusion. As long as the Islamists can accept

local Indonesian values and participate

democratically in the political system

Moderation. As long as Islamists can maintain

dialogue and respects to dignity and culture

Civic Culture As long as civic culture can be

established in Indonesia we shall not be

worried!