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1
MINISTRY OF ECONOMY RAAN – State Company for Nuclear Activities
Pitesti, Romania
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
2
Main Achievements and Future Objectives in Romanian Nuclear Energy Research
RAAN – State Company for Nuclear Activities Institute for Nuclear Research, Pitesti
Serban Constantin VALECA, I lie TURCU
Institute for Nuclear Research – INR, Romania
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
NUCLEAR 2013 The 6th Annual International Conference
on Sustainable Development through Nuclear Research and Education
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Content
National infrastructure
INR mission, infrastructure and staff
Research programmes Main achievements
Future objectives
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
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Nuclear Power Programme
Cernavoda Candu unit 1 – commercial operation 1996
Cernavoda Candu unit 2 – commercial operation 2007
Cernavoda Candu unit 3 and 4
Spent fuel and radioactive waste safe repositories Long term options: Advanced nuclear power reactors and
fuel cycles; GEN IV Share of nuclear in national electrical energy mix: 20 %
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
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Main Organizations Involved in Nuclear Power Production
ROMANIA
PRIME MINISTER
CNCAN National Commission for Nuclear
Activities Control
NA&RW Nuclear Agency and for Radioactive Waste
MINISTRY OF ECONOMY
SNN (Nuclearelectrica National Society)
RAAN Romanian Authority for Nuclear
Activities
INR (Institute for Nuclear Research –
Pitesti)
SITON Center of Design and Engineering for Nuclear Projects – Bucharest
ROMAG-PROD Heavy Water Plant
Cernavoda NPP (U1&U2)
FCN Nuclear Fuel Factory
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
National Research Organizations
6 Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
IFIN-HH, National R&D Institute for Atomic Physics “Horia Hulubei”, Bucharest ICIT, National R&D Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies, Rm Valcea INCDTIM, National R&D Institute for Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, Cluj-Napoca ICECHIM, National R&D Institute for Chemistry, Bucharest INFM, National R&D Institute for Physics of Materials, Bucharest ICPE-CA, National R&D Institute for Electrical Engineering, Bucharest IRMM, Institute for Rare and Radioactive Metals, Bucharest IFT, National Institute for Technical Physics, Iasi INCDFP- National R&D Institute for Earth Physics, Bucharest INFLRP- National R&D Institute for Laser Physics, Bucharest IMT- Institute for Micro Technologies, Bucharest Obs. Consortia with research groups from universities: UPB-Polytechnica University of Bucharest, UB-University of Bucharest, UPIT- University of Pitesti, UBBC-University of Cluj-Napoca etc.
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INR Pitesti – in the past 1971 Foundation of Institute for Nuclear Technology with the mission to provide scientific
and technical support for the Romanian Nuclear Power Program; IAEA recommendations. 1979 Contract with AECL completed. November 18: first criticality of TRIGA Material Testing
Reactor 1987 - Heavy Water Plant 1990 Incorporation in RENEL (the National Authority Electrical Power) as Institute for
Nuclear Research. 1992 organization of the Nuclear Fuel Factory (FCN); 1996 April 16, first criticality of Cernavoda unit 1 with involvement of the reactor physics
specialists of INR 1998 INR is transferred under the supervision of the RAAN (Romanian Authority for Nuclear Activities) as a subsidiary.
2006 May 24 – Completion of TRIGA reactor core conversion to LEU following a several year process and cooperation with IAEA, US DOE and CERCA;
2007 May 06 First criticality of Cernavoda Unit 2 reactor; October, commercial operation; 2010 Completion of the main refurbishing of TRIGA Reactor 2013 Completion of the main refurbishing of Waste Management Station
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
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INR Mission
Scientific and technical national support for Cernavoda unit 1 and unit 2 safe operation during plant lifetime.
Contribution to the international R&D effort to develop advanced NPP and
Generation IV nuclear power reactors.
Provide specific nuclear services, products and equipment for NPP
Support for non-power nuclear energy application (radioisotopes)
Education, training and knowledge management.
R&D infrastructure operation, maintenance and upgrading.
International Cooperation
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
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TRIGA Reactors High-Inherent Nuclear Safety, intended to Fuel
and Materials Testing in Steady – State and Pulse Modes
Post-Irradiation Examination Laboratories
Evaluation of Nuclear Fuel and Structural Materials Behavior
High Activity Gamma Irradiation Station
(SIGMA) Fuelling Machine Heads Testing
Rig High Pressure Loops for Testing of
Nuclear Fuel and Nuclear Equipment
Laboratories specialized Physical, Chemical
and Materials / Equipment Testing and Diagnosis
INR
ASSETS Radioactive Waste
Treatment Plant based on Qualified and
Authorized Technologies and Staff
Laboratories for Fuel Elements Manufacturing
and Experimental Development of Technologies for Advanced Fuel
Fabrication
Mechanical Workshops Precision Mechanics, Pressure
Equipment, Lifting Devices sustained by Special Authorized Processes and Distinct
Laboratories for Material and Quality Control
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
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INR Staff
Researchers 117 185 PhD 31 33 PhD students 27 28 MSc students 51 37
Nuclear Scientists/Engineers 237 244 Technical staff 296 277 Administration and Services 125 137 Total 658 658
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
NuclearScientists/Engineers
Technical staff Administration andServices
Mar-07
Nov-07
Breakdown by qualification
020406080
100120140160180200
Researchers PhD PhD students MSc students
mar.07Nov-07
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
Education, training and knowledge management
University cooperation and training
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- Pitesti University - Bucharest Politechnical University
- Students diploma disertations - Masters - PHD - Students fellowships
- Hosting IAEA fellowships - IAEA Knowledge Management projects
- Implementation of INR Knowledge management strategy
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
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TRIGA reactor
- used in Romanian nuclear fuel licensing irradiation tests on structural materials and nuclear fuel for CANDU type nuclear power plants. irradiated and non-irradiated nuclear fuel behavior analysis in transient regime.
- radioisotopes and irradiated materials production with applications in health, industry and environment areas
• Irradiation tests on:
-TRIGA Nuclear fuel, -experimental CANDU SEU-43 fuel type -Cernavoda NPP fuel - in accident conditions – LOCA, RIA
US General Atomics design for materials testing
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
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Post-Irradiation Examination Laboratory
CANDU fuel and structural
materials behavior investigation after irradiation in Cernavoda NPP and in Romanian TRIGA research reactor.
Manufacturing of sealed nuclear radiation sources and radioisotopes used in industriy, agriculture and medicine.
Radioactive waste characterization
Direct connected to the TRIGA reactor
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
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OUT-OF-PILE TESTING
design, manufacturing and test of the equipment and facilities for Out–of-Pile testing
design, manufacturing and operation of the specialized unique devices for Out-of-Pile testing on nuclear fuel
nuclear and non-nuclear materials Out-of-Pile testing
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
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• Thermo-mechanical testing of metallic and ceramic materials under different state of stress and environment conditions;
• investigation of degradation mechanisms acting in the NPP systems/components materials;
• Fracture mechanical analysis; • Zirconium alloys and UO2 pellets behavior
under sever accident conditions; • Microstructural and fracture surfaces
analysis; • Micro- and nano-structural analysis; • Development of technologies for UO2
sinterable powders and sintered pellets with controlled microstructure;
Nuclear Materials and Corrosion
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
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ELECTRONICS
research and development of dedicated electronic instrumentation and equipment, mainly for nuclear applications an R&D program for development of radiation field measurement devices software development for process control and data processing
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
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Radioactive Wastes Management Department
treatment and conditioning of radioactive wastes resulted from the TRIGA reactor and other research laboratories of the site, the Nuclear Fuel Factory (FCN), the Cernavoda NPP, Institute for Nuclear Physics and Engineering (IFIN-HH). design and manufacturing of equipment and tools for the assay and measurement of radioactive samples from the environment and from working areas, which imply radioactive sources.
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
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Radiation Protection, Environmental Protection and Civil Protection Department
implementation of radiation and environment protection plan for ICN nuclear facilities R&D program focused to increase proficiency in human and environment protection against radiation-associated risks.
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
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QUALITY MANAGEMENT
Objective: Development, implementation and maintenance of a quality management system
according to ISO 9001:2000 and to applicable statutory and regulatory requirements Activities: Quality engineering activities for quality management system documentation; Quality survey activities for design and manufacturing of products for nuclear
installations and conventional applications; Quality survey activities for nuclear installations operation; Quality assurance training of personnel; Quality management systems internal and external auditing. Main achievements: INR quality management system certification by LRQA (Approval certificate No.
170254); INR quality management system authorization by CNCAN for research, design,
manufacturing and operation activities related to the nuclear field.
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
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Scientific and technical support Technical areas, safety research
- Reactor physics - Thermalhydraulics - Nuclear fuel - Fuel channel - Materials - Equipments and components - Spent fuel and waste management Accident analysis (deterministic and probabilistic) Technical basis, standards, regulations
20 Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
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Scientific and technical support National Framework
- Regular R&D programs - Cernavoda NPP R&D Agreement - Technical assistance for COG R&D - AECL (CANDU Energy) R&D Agreement - COG R&D programs
21 Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
Research and Development Regular Programs
Nuclear Power
Nuclear Safety Fuel Channel Nuclear Fuel Fuel Handling Radwaste Management Radioprotection Steam Generator Systems & Equipment Chemistry of Circuits Instrumentation &
Control Ageing, PLIM
Other Programs
TRIGA Reactor Radioisotopes Applications of Nuclear
Techniques Heavy Water Support for International
Cooperation
Advanced reactors and fuel cycles
22 Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
About 350 internal research reports
Scientific and technical support Nuclear Safety
Reactor Physics Analysis Reactor Physics Computer Methods and Codes Development Development of experimental methods for reactor physics Thermo-hydraulic Analysis Plant behavior during severe accident conditions Nuclear Safety Analysis for NPP PSA for Cernavoda NPP, research reactors Safety Assessment for Radioactive Wastes Repositories
23 Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
Scientific and technical support Fuel Channel Program
Irradiation behavior and deformation Corrosion and hydrogen pick-up Methods and equipment for measurement of
hydrogen content in P/T material Methods and equipment for post-irradiation
examination of pressure tubes
24 Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
Scientific and technical support Nuclear Fuel Program
Development and validation of computer codes describing fuel behavior in normal operating conditions
Design of SEU / RU advanced fuel bundle Manufacturing technologies for advanced fuel
bundle TRIGA irradiation tests and out-of-pile tests Fuel behaviour during accident conditions
(LOCA and RIA)
25 Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
Scientific and technical support Fuel Handling Program
Qualification of Fuelling Machine (F/M) head testing facility
Computer system for F/M head testing Software for checking NPP fuel handling
programs Technologies for testing of F/M head Technical assistance for operation and
maintenance of Cernavoda NPP fuel handling system
26 Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
Scientific and technical support Radioactive Waste Management Program
Technologies for treatment of liquid and gaseous wastes generated by Cernavoda NPP
Characterization of site foreseen for LLW / ILW disposal
Safety assessment of LLW / ILW final repository Technologies for treatment and conditioning of
INR hot cell radwastes
27 Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
Scientific and technical support Chemistry of Cernavoda NPP Circuits
Corrosion of PHTS structural materials in normal and abnormal operating conditions
Decontamination techniques
Water chemistry and transport of corrosion products
Corrosion of structural materials from secondary circuit
28 Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
Scientific and technical support Systems and Equipment Program
Contributions to the development and implementation of a Plant Life Management Program for Cernavoda NPP
Improved design and manufacturing of Failed Fuel Location System
Computerized data acquisition systems for surveillance of Cernavoda NPP reactor core components
Design and manufacturing of a new Gross Activity Monitor for surveillance of reactor activity in Cernavoda NPP
29 Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
Scientific and technical support Instrumentation and Control
Integrated radiation monitoring system Fixed area monitors Radiation detectors Ageing mechanisms
30 Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
Research Cooperation protocol Around 40 research topics in regular research programme Contribution to the operational events investigations Examination of spent fuel Servicies, commercial contracts: mainly for Cernavoda, other beneficiaries to a lesser extent; about 20 % share in INR budget.
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Support for Cernavoda NPP
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
About 500 COG documents were analyzed by the ICN Technical Team during the 2008 – 2012 under five COG R&D
Programs:
Fuel Channels Safety & Licensing Health, Safety and Environment Chemistry, Materials & Components Industry Standard Toolset (17)
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Technical Assistance for COG R&D Programs (Cernavoda COG membership)
COG R&D contract: Developing Irradiated Testing Facilities at ICN Pitesti
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
33 Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
- Gen 4 lead fast reactor - High fuel utilisation - Enhanced safety; passive - 1/10 wastes - Proliferation resistant
- European project / partnership / ESNII - Consortium: ANSALDO as leader, ENEA, INR - Enlargement: under development - Horizon 2020 projects / financing schemes
ALFRED demonstrator
34 Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
LFR: Lead fast reactors Participation in ELSY, LEADER, ADRIANA Involvement in ALFRED Governmental approval (February 2011)
for: proposal to host ALFRED INR to represent Romania in the future consortium
Contribution to advanced reactors and fuel cycles Generation IV nuclear power reactors
35 Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
ALFRED demonstrator – Plant Layout
ALFRED demonstrator
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International Cooperation R&D Agreements and technical cooperation
AECL/CANDU Energy - Canada CEA – France ITU- Germany KAERI- Korea IRSN-France JSI – Slovenia SCK-CEN – Belgium Ansaldo Nucleare- Italy, ENEA-Italy
LANL – Los Alamos National Laboratory ORNL- Oak Ridge National Laboratory ANL- Argonne National Laboratory BNL – Brookhaven National Laboratory SNL - Sandia National Laboratory
IAEA, EU, CANDU Owners Group, US DOE
Expected: NEA/OECD
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
International Cooperation IAEA
Regular Projects with INR as the main recipient: - Development and testing of locally made fuel elements - Building Nuclear Safety capabilities - Development of the Cernavoda Probabilistic Safety Evaluation Studies - Plant commissioning requirements and training - Radiological protection - Licensing of test facilities for CANDU 600 fuelling machine - Full conversion of TRIGA 14-Mw Core from HEU to LEU Regional projects Training courses, scientific visits, expert missions, etc. Ex: RER/9/076 Strengthening Safety and Reliability of Nuclear Fuel and Materials in Nuclear
Power Plants: Upgrading the Hot Cells at INR Pitesti and development of the CANDU spent fuel examination technologies.
Others co-operation forms: Research contracts (8 active contracts) INR contribution to the IAEA activities (development of standards, experts)
37 Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
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International cooperation Canada
Collaboration with AECL - CANADA, started in 1999 under the Memorandum of Understanding for cooperation in the research and development of nuclear energy and technology between Romania and Canada (under renewal with CANDU Energy):
– CANDU nuclear fuel; – Nuclear safety; – Nuclear Power Plant life management
Projects with AECL – Power cycling condition for Candu fuel in C9 capsule of TRIGA reactor; – Fatigue test for Zircaloy - 4 sheaths; – Transfer, implementation and validation of computer codes for nuclear safety analysis and design.
COG Projects
– Cernavoda technical assistance for COG R&D programs (Fuel channel, Plant chemistry, Safety and licensing, Radioprotection, Computer programs;
– Developing Irradiated Testing Facilities at ICN Pitesti ; to develop the capability to test irradiated material in the hot cells at ICN Pitesti. Types of tests to be develop cover DHC testing and associated with material (PT) surveillance.
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
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International Cooperation EU R&D Framework Programs
FP5 EURATOM: PHEBEN 2, Validating Severe Accident Codes Against Phebus FP for Plant Applications - integral codes
for LWR and guidelines for optimum code use for the various applications (2002 – 2005) FP6EURATOM:
SARNET, NoE in Nuclear Reactors Severe Accidents COWAM2, Community waste management: Improving the governance of nuclear waste management
and disposal in Europe HOTLAB: European Hot Laboratories Research Capacities and Needs - to set up a hot laboratories
network in support of the nuclear energy safety optimization and long-term management of radioactive waste
NULIFE, NOE on Nuclear Plant Life Prediction - framework for continuing professional development of its personnel via targeted internal training, exchange of best practices and where appropriate mobility/exchanges
CIP, COWAM in Practice - to assist local communities directly with their engagement on their particular siting programmes - and to capture the learning from that experience and to prepare EU-level guidance for the implementation and improvement of inclusive radioactive waste management approaches
MTR+I3, Materials Testing Reactors Innovations – strengthening the European experimental potential in materials and nuclear fuel testing
ELSY, Generation IV Reactors- European Lead System – to develop a lead-cooled fast reactor concept
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
International Cooperation EU R&D Framework Programs
FP7 EURATOM participation: CARBOWASTE, Waste management, Graphite LEADER, Generation IV Reactors- European Lead System – to develop a lead-
cooled fast reactor concept SARNET-II, NoE in Nuclear Reactors Severe Accidents ADRIANA, Infrastructure for Generation 4 reactors STYLE, Materials Investigations for NPP (non-pressure vessels components) MATTER, Advanced materials for generation 4 NEWLANCER, Increase NMS participation to EURATOM FPs SEARCH, HLM , LEAD technologies MAXSIMA, Methodology Analysis and Experiments for the Safety in MYRRHA
40 Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
41 Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
International Cooperation EU R&D Framework Programs
ESNII+ ESNII Preparation for Horizon 2020
MATISSE Materials Innovation for safe and Sustainable Nuclear in Europe CAST C-14 Sorce term
ASAPMSA_E Advanced Safety Assessment Methodologyes – PSA extended
MARISA MYRRHA research infrastructure support action
MAXSIMA Methodology Analysis and Experimets for the Safety in MIRHHA Assessment
ARCADIA Sustainable Approach for Regional Research Active Integration in Horizon 2020
PLATENSO Building a platform for enhanced societal research related to nuclear energy in Central and Eastern Europe
EAGLE
Enhancing educAtion, traininG and communication processes for informed behaviors and decision-making reLatEd to ionizing radiation risks
New Projects 2013 last EURATOM call
During 2003-2013 about 25 Projects
International Cooperation EU research area
SNETP – EU Nuclear energy technological platform ESNII member IGD-TP – EU Geological disposal EERA – EU Energy Research Alliance APSA (JRC IE Petten) – Aging PSA
Expected: ENEN – EU nuclear education network ETSON – EU TSO network
42 Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
43 Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013
Concluding remarks
- Most probably nuclear power will not have alternate options on a medium and long term during this century.
- Nuclear power is a clean energy suitable for co-habitation with renewables
- Research and the support for safe development and operation of nuclear power installations.
- Romania has a clear option and commitments regarding nuclear power programme
- INR is expected to extend and enhance its role in safe deployment of nuclear energy in Romania and in Europe.
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1, Campului Street 115400 Mioveni, Arges POB 78, Pitesti ROMANIA Tel: (+40) 248 213400 Fax: (+40) 248 262449 email: [email protected] Web: http://www.nuclear.ro
INSTITUTE FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH Pitesti, ROMANIA
Nuclear 2013, Pitesti, Romania, May 22-24, 2013