Name _____________________________________________ # __________

Introduce Steps in a ProcessSteps in a Process is the order in which a series of actions must be done to correctly complete a process.Directions: Highlight the words or phrases that help you to know the order of the steps. Use the Steps in a Process chart, record the step’s Catie’s mother followed to learn to play the piano.

Piano Lessons

“Mom do you think I can ever learn to play the piano like you?” Catie asked as she listened to her mother play the piano.

“Of course you can,” her mother explained. “I started taking piano lessons when I was ten just like you. My mom taught me how to read music. At first I learned simple, short songs. Then I began to play longer pieces. I practiced every day.”

“Every day?” Catie asked.“Well, almost every day,” her mother answered. “And I still

practice today.”“May I start piano lessons?” Catie asked.The smile on her mother’s face said, “Yes.”

Using Steps in a Process chart, record the steps Catie’s mother followed to learn to play the piano.

1.

2.

3.

4. The Marble Champ – Steps in a Process - Piano Lessons TC & GO # 61

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Vocabulary Development:Use context clues to determine the meanings of vocabulary words.

Directions: Highlight the words that are clues to the meaning of the vocabulary word. Draw an arrow from the clues to the vocabulary word it helps you to define.

Spell W-I-N

Since she was a young girl, Beth’s reputation as an accurate speller has grown and grown. Since her spelling was usually free of mistakes. Beth has chosen to represent her elementary school in a county spelling bee. Hundreds of onlookers would watch Beth compete with other students her age. Each of the contestants would try to capture the glory of winning the championship. Having won her division last year, Beth knew joining the older group would be easy. She hoped to be congratulated for winning the older group’s contest this year.

What score would you receive on a test if every answer were accurate?

What was your first elementary school? Where might you find a large group of onlookers? How would it feel to bask in the glory of winning a

contest? Is your soccer team a division of a larger

organization? Have you ever been congratulated for winning?

The Marble Champ- Spell W-I-N – TC 62 Vocabulary

3

“The Marble Champ”Vocabulary

Term & Part of Speech

Definition In Your Own Words

Antonym or non-example

Use it in a sentence.

accurate(adjective)

correct; exact

elementary(adjective)

dealing with the beginning of something

congratulated(verb)

gave praise for something done well

onlookers(noun)

spectators

glory(noun)

great praise

division(noun)

part of a whole

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Steps In A Process

The steps in a process is the order in which a series of actions must be done to correctly complete a process.

Read the story. Using the steps in a process chart, record the steps.

1.

2.

3.

“The Marble Champ”

5

Review Steps in a ProcessMany activities need to be completed one step at a time. Read the passage below. Underline each step highlight the clue words. Note which steps do not have clue words.

Learning to RideRiding a two-wheeler bike is hard but I learned

how.First, I rode a bicycle with training wheels. I couldn’t go very fast but at least I didn’t fall down much.

Then my dad took off the training wheels. I was so scared that I wouldn’t even try riding without them. Next, I tried to ride, but my dad had to hold the bike so I wouldn’t fall. He ran alongside, as I pedaled.

Then, I tried to ride by myself. At first I fell down a lot. As time went by I fell down less often. Finally, I practiced and got really good! Now I ride all over our neighborhood.Review Steps in a ProcessList a set of Instructions for someone who wants to learn to ride a bike

The Marble Champ – Review steps in a Process- Learning to Ride – TC & GO #64

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Introduce SummarizeSummarizing means restating the main events or ideas of a story in your own words. A summary includes only important information and leaves out minor details. A summary is clear but brief.Directions: Highlight the sentences you think are the most important.

Losing to Ms. BrainI play marbles every day. I always beat my

brother and his friends. I may not be great at spelling, but I’m marvelous at marbles!

I was set to win the marble championship. Then along comes Ms. Brain. She enters and wins all the school contests. Why does she have to enter the marble contest, too? I thought she would lose, but she beat me fair and square. I felt bad, but wait until next year! I’m going to practice everyday and win the championship. Directions: Create a chart stating the main ideas and details that support that idea.

Summarize

Main Idea

Details

Main Idea

Details

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The Marble Champ- Introduce Summarize: Losing to Mrs. Brain TC 65 & GO

Introduce Multiple Meaning WordsSome words have more than one meaning. By using context clues, a reader can figure our which meaning would apply to the word as it is used in the sentence. This strategy might save readers from having to use a dictionary to learn the word’s meaning, providing they know the various meanings of the word.

Directions: Highlight the words that have multiple meanings.

A Winning Way

Although Lupe was the school’s spelling bee championship, she was not content. She also wanted to excel in sports. She decided that marbles was the sport for her and began practicing daily. Lupe entered the marble championship at school and won her first match easily. She went on to beat her most difficult opponent, whom she called Miss Baseball Cap, and won the championship.

Do you know any other words that have multiple meanings?List them below.

8

The Marble Champ – Introduce Multiple-Meaning Words – A Winning Way TC 66

Introduce Sequence of EventsKeeping track of sequence- the logical order time order in which events occur- helps readers organize information. Signal words such as first, then, next, before, after, finally, and last are clues to the order of events in a story. Directions: Pay attention to the sequence of events in the passage below. Highlight the words and dates in the passage that signal the sequence of events.

Gilbert StuartGilbert Stuart was a major American portrait

painter. He was born in 1755. He went to London in 1775 to study painting. He returned to the United States in 1793, settling first in New York, then in Philadelphia, next in Washington, D.C. and finally in Boston in 1805. In 1795 he painted a lifelike portrait of George Washington that hangs today in the National Portrait Gallery. In 1796 he painted another portrait of George Washington that appears on every U.S. one-dollar bill!Directions: List the events in Stuart Gilbert’s life on the chart below.Gilbert Stuart was born in 1755.In 1775, he went to London.In 1793, he returned to the United States.First, he settled in New York, then in Philadelphia, next in Washington D.C., and finally in Boston in 1805.In 1795, he painted a life like portrait

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of George Washington.In 1796, he painted another portrait of George Washington.The Paper Dragon- Introduce Sequence of Event- Gilbert Stuart-TC 67 & Go

Vocabulary Development:Use context clues to determine the meanings of vocabulary

words.Directions: Highlight the words that are clues to the meaning of the vocabulary word. Draw an arrow from the clues to the vocabulary word it helps you to define.

Fire!

Uprooted tress, pulled from the earth, now lay charred

and burning on the ground, blocking the main road through the forest. Undaunted by this roadblock, heroic firefighters pushed on toward the blaze, hoping to save much of the forest. Smoke billowed like huge black clouds hanging over the forest. Soon a steady stream of water began to quench the flames. The liquid seemed to devour the flames as it extinguished the fire. Once the fire was out, the scorched, charred ground was the only reminder of a near catastrophe.

What can become uprooted in a tornado? Who is the most heroic person you know?

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Have you ever seen smoke that billowed from a large fire? Where?

What do you drink when you want to quench your thirst?

What kind of food do you devour because you like it so much?

How can paper become scorched?The Paper Dragon- Vocabulary – Fire! – TC 68

“The Paper Dragon”Vocabulary Term & Part of Speech

Definition In Your Own

Words

Antonym or non-

example

Use it in a

sentence.uprooted(verb)

removed from the ground

heroic(adjective)

very brave or daring

billowed(verb)

moved in a great wave or surge

quench(verb)

bring to an end by extinguishing or stopping

devour(verb)

to take in eagerly,

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eatscorched(verb)

burnt on the surface

“The Paper Dragon” Vocabulary Organizer

Complete the sequence of events chart after reading, The Paper Dragon. Then retell the story using the sequence of events chart.

The Paper DragonSequence of Events

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A messenger says a dragon has awakened on Lung Mountain and is destroying the villages.

The Paper Dragon Sequence of Events

13

Review Sequence of EventsThe sequence of Events is the order in which things happen. Directions: Listen for sequence of events as you read, “A Dragon’s Destiny.” Highlight words and phrases that signal an event in TaTi’s life.

A Dragon’s Destiny

Once upon a time a baby dragon was born. She was called, Tati, which means curious one.

At age 500, Tati learned to fly, became a Kiao dragon, and began her studies. When her eyes sparkled with knowledge 500 years later, Tati evolved into a Lung, or magical, dragon.At this point, she decided to continue studying, earning two great honors during the next 1,500 years. First, she earned her horns, becoming a Kioh-Lung. Finally she won her wings and became Ying-Lung, the highest dragon in the land.Directions: Draw a time line indicating the sequence of events in TaTi’s life as a scholar.

Draw a timeline of important events in your life.

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The Paper Dragon- Review Sequence of Events – A Dragons’ Destiny – TC 70

Review SummarizeSummarizing means restating the main events or ideas of the selection in your words. A summary includes only important information and leaves out minor details. A summary is clear but brief.

Directions: Read the story below and highlight significant ideas and underline less important details.

Sources of Dragon Folklore

Dragon folklore comes from Asian and European cultures. Those tales describe the dragons as large, fire-breathing, and lizard-like, with long, scaly tails. The two cultures view dragons differently, however.

The European tradition portrays dragons as fierce, unreasonable beasts. Heroes slay them routinely.

Asian mythology treats dragons as ferocious and cranky but more or less reasonable creatures that insure luck and wealth. In China, the dragon was sometimes used as a symbol for the emperor.Directions: Complete the chart below.

IMPORTANT INFORMATION DETAILSDragon folklore comes from Asia and Europe – Summary sentence

Creatures described as large, fire breathing and lizard-like.

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Europeans portray dragons as fierce and unreliable

Heroes slay them

Asian mythology treats dragons as fierce, unreasonable beasts.

In China the dragon is sometimes as a symbol for the emperor

The Paper Dragon – Review Summarize- Sources of Dragon Folklore – TC 71

Introduce Figurative LanguageWriter’s use figurative language to add beauty, clarity, complexity, and drama to the text. Metaphor, one type of figurative language, is a descriptive device used for the purpose of comparison. When handled well by the author, metaphor makes the text more vivid.

When a Dragon Awakens

Sui Jen, a dragon, called himself the heart of the mountain because he slept deep inside the rocky fortress. He woke briefly each year just to cause a little trouble for humans.

One year, Sui Jen challenged the artist Mi Fei to complete certain tasks. These tasks included bringing to Sui Jen fire wrapped in paper, wind captured by paper, and the strongest thing in the world carried in paper. Mi Fei completed the tasks successfully through his art.

Figurative Language

METAPHOR WHAT IT DESCRIBESfire wrapped in paper

paper lantern

wind captured by paper

fan

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the strongest thing in the world

love

The Paper Dragon – Introduce Figurative Language – When a Dragon Awakens – TC 72

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Packed games and toys in another box

Taped boxes and labeled them

Packed books in a box labeled books

Put clothes in wardrobe box

Planned to carry hamster on his lap

Review Steps in a ProcessTo complete a certain process correctly, the steps in the process must follow a sequential order.

Directions: Read the passage below and highlight the time ordered words that signal the order of the steps. Underline the word that signals that the process is not yet complete.

Packing for the MoveToday is moving day for my family. Yesterday I packed

everything in my room. First, Dad helped me tape thebottoms of several cartons. Then, we labeled the outside ofeach box. Next, I packed all my books in the box labeled

“Nathan’s Books.” I put my games and stuffed animals in another box. My clothes went in a big box called a wardrobecontainer. Finally, I had everything ready for the movers exceptmy hamster, Jolly. I didn’t think he’d like being in a box. I wasglad when Dad said I could hold him on my lap while wedrive to our new home!

Steps In A Process

The steps in a process is the order in which a series of actions must be done to correctly complete a process. Using steps in a process, record the steps that

Nathan and his dad followed in packing for the move.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Grandma Essie’s Covered Wagon – Review Steps in a Process – Packing for the Move – TC 73 & GO

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Vocabulary Development:Use context clues to determine the meanings of

vocabulary words.Directions: Highlight the words that are clues to the meaning of the vocabulary word. Draw an arrow from the clues to the vocabulary word it helps you to define.

Going West

The bashful student grew quite bold as he talked about his summer vacation. He had traveled to the Midwest and had ridden in a canvas-covered wagon. Inside the wagon, the boy sat beneath shelves stacked with plate, pots, and a granite percolator, which was blue and speckled with white. The wagon stopped at a building [ featuring a sign lettered “Children’s Home” over the doorway – which had once been an orphanage. The walls of the building had been torn down during a violent storm, or tornado. Looking at the markers in the nearby cemetery, the boy wondered if the storm had taken lives as well.

What is the opposite of bashful? What items are made of canvas? Where might you find granite? Why do people live in an orphanage? What should you do if a tornado is

approaching your town? What sounds might you heat in a cemetery?

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“Grandma Essie’s Covered Wagon”Vocabulary

Term & Part of Speech

Definition In Your Own Words

Antonym or non-

example

Use it in a sentence.

bashful(adjective)

shy around people

canvas(noun)

strong, heavy cloth

granite(noun)

a type of enameled ironware

orphanage(noun)

place that takes in and cares for parentless children

tornado(noun)

A powerful storm with winds that whirl in a funnel shaped cloud

cemetery(noun)

place where the dead are buried

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Steps In A ProcessRead the first paragraph on page 326. What step did the family take to get settled in Big

Heart?

The steps in a process is the order in which a series of actions must be done to correctly complete a process.

1.

2.

3.

4.

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The author listened to Grandma Essie’s stories as a child.In 1988, Grandma Essie came

to visit.

Grandma recreated events and scenes for the author.

The author shaped and arranged Essie’s words.

Steps in a ProcessThe steps in a process is the order in which a series of actions must be done to correctly complete

a process.

Grandma Essies’s Covered WagonSteps In a Process

After reading the author’s note, list four important steps the author took in creating the story about Grandma Essie.

Grandma Essie’s Covered Wagon- Steps in a Process- Author’s Note

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Review Steps in a Process:Many activities need to be completed one step at a time. The steps in a process is the order in which a series of actions must be done to correctly complete a process.Directions: Read “Pancakes from Scratch.” Listen for the steps in making pancakes from scratch. Highlight the clue words that signal a step in a process. Highlight each step with another highlighter color.

Pancakes from ScratchTo begin, beat two eggs until fluffy. Then stir in a cup of

milk, two spoonfuls of melted butter, a dash, of salt, and a spoonful of baking soda. Now stir in white flour until thebatter thickens.

Light a stovetop burner and set a griddle on it. When the griddle heats, add butter and spread to cover the surface.Spoon pancake batter onto the griddle and allow to cook until the batter is covered with bubbles. Then flip over thepancakes and cook until brown. Serve hot!

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Grandma Essie’s Covered Wagon – Review Steps in a Process – Pancakes from Scratch – TC 76 & GO

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1883

1901

1917

1962

Review Sequence of EventsThe Sequence of Events identifies the order in which things happen. Read the passage highlight the time and sequence clues in the passage and underline significant events. Fill in the timeline below after reading the passage.

The Aunt Lena Chronicles Aunt Lena was born on a Minnesota farm in 1883 andgrew up there. At age 18, she began teaching locally.

When Aunt Lena first taught, schools housed eight gradesin one room heated by a wood stove. Water was drawn from

a well outside and the bathroom was an outhouse.Aunt Lena had to leave teaching in 1917 and return home

to help her family on the farm. She never taught again, butlived on the farm until her death in 1962.

Can you figure out what Aunt Lena’s age was when each event occurred?

Grandma Essie’s Covered Wagon – Review Sequence of Events – The Aunt Lena Chronicles – TC 77

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Review Figurative LanguageWriter’s use figurative language to add beauty and complexity to their work. A metaphor is a type of figurative language in which one thing is compared with another to suggest similarity. A simile is like a metaphor, except that the word like or as is used to draw the comparison. In personification, something that is not human is given human qualities.Directions: Read Sailing Across the Plains. Highlight the metaphorical images in the passage yellow. Highlight the similes you find in another color. Locate and circle an example of personification.

Sailing Across the Plains

Grandma Essie said her family’s covered wagon was“a magic ship that could take us anywhere.”

When a drought came and the land practically begged forwater, her family sold their farm in Kansas and moved to BigHeart, Oklahoma. There, Grandma Essie remembered, theland was “as flat as a pancake.’

Someone once called Grandma Essie “Silver Tongue”because of the lovely way she described ordinary things.

Assess Yourself!What is an example of a metaphor, simile, and personification?

1. The train cried mournfully in the night. __________________________

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Author’s Purpose and Point of View in“Life on the Prairie”

2. His notebook was a confusing map with no legend. _________________

3. After the hike, my legs were as weak as a baby’s. __________________

Grandma Essie’s Covered Wagon – Review Figurative Language – Sailing Across the Plains- TC 78

Introduce Author’s Purpose, Point of ViewAuthor’s have different purposes for writing: to inform, entertain, to describe, or to persuade.Directions: Circle the words or phrases in the passage below that show the author’s purpose or point of view. Then, record the author’s purpose in the paragraph “Life on the Prairie,” and include examples of the author’s purpose.

Life on the Prairie

The American writer Laura Ingalls Wilder (1867 –1957)Wrote wonderful novels about growing up on the American frontier. Her autobiographical books are rich in detail about her daily frontier life. She tells about schools, homemaking, the growth of towns, and the dangers of the newly settled land. She also champions the independence of early pioneer families. Her books inspired a successful television series,

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Going Back Home -Author’s Purpose, Point of View – Life on the Prairie – TC 79 & GO

Vocabulary Development:Use context clues to determine the meanings of vocabulary words.Directions: Highlight the words that are clues to the meaning of the vocabulary word. Draw an arrow from the clues to the vocabulary word it helps you to define.

My Family Farm

Farming is my family’s heritage, with traditions dating back hundreds of years. In fact, today my farm’s survival and endurance depend on wisdom from the past. Every farm-management decision I make is influenced and inspired by this wisdom. Some of the techniques I use for raising livestock, such as sheep, cows and chickens, have been passed down from generation to generation. I use modern technology, too, such as incubators for hatching chicks, so my animals thrive and live long, healthily lives. My boasting about my ancestors is probably tiresome. I hope I’m not a bore.

Do you know much about your family heritage?

What living things are classified as livestock?

Who has influenced your life the most?

What conditions are necessary for a plant to thrive?

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How does a polar bear’s coat increase the likelihood of

its survival?

What are three tasks that you find quite tiresome?

Going Back Home – My Family Farm – Vocabulary – TC 80

“Going Back Home ”Vocabulary

Term & Part of Speech

Definition In Your Own

Words

Antonym or non-

example

Use it in a sentence.

heritage(noun)

Something handed down from an earlier generation

survival(noun)

the act of continuing to exist, live

influenced(verb)

to have an effect on

livestock(noun)

animals raised for profit

thrive(verb)

to be successful

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or do well

tiresome(adjective)

boring, dull, monotonous

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Author’s Purpose & Point of View Authors have different purposes for writing: to inform, to entertain, to describe, or to persuade. Sometimes authors have more than one purpose. While reading decide if the writing informs, entertains, describes or persuades you. You can find the author’s point of view by identifying words and phrases that show how the author feels about the subject. Paying attention to the author’s point of view can help you to determine the author’s purpose. As you read, “Going Back Home,” keep track of clues about the “Author’s Purpose and Point of View.”

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Author’s Purpose and

Point of View

Review Author’s Purpose, Point of ViewThe author’s purpose is his or her reason for writing. People write to inform, to entertain, to persuade, or to describe. Sometimes an author may have more than one reason for writing. Authors express a certain point of view or opinion in their writing.Directions: Highlight all descriptive words. Complete the sentences below the passage.

Elly’s Braids

Every night before bed, Elly unbraided her long, silky,hair and brushed it. Mama told her to brush it a hundredstrokes every night. When Elly was finished, Mama braidedit again. Elly liked the way Mama’s gentle fingers felt

in herhair. She treasured these few minutes they shared togetherevery night.

In the morning, Mama tied brightly-colored ribbons on Elly’s braids. The ribbons made Elly feel special. Mama didn’thave much money, but she always found a few pennies forribbons. Every time she touched a ribbon, Elly felt warm andhappy inside.

I think the author’s point of view is _______________________________because__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I think the author’s purpose is to _________________________.

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My reason for thinking this is ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Going Back Home – Elly’s Braids –Author’s Purpose, Point of View- TC 82

Review SummarySummarizing means restating the main idea or ideas of the selection in your own words. A summary includes only important information and leaves out minor details. A summary is clear but brief.

Rules for Summarizing (Marzano, 2001)

(1.) Take out material that is not important.

(2.) Take out words that repeat information.

(3.) Replace lists of things with a word that describes things in the list (ex. Use trees for oak, maple, elm).

(4.) Find a topic sentence. If you cannot find one, make one up.

Sometimes it is easier to use SWBS to summarize fiction .

S = SomebodyW = Wanted (plot motivation)

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B = But (conflict) S = So (Resolution)

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Directions: Read the passage and think about the main idea. Highlight the sentence that gives the main idea. With a partner use Marzano’s recipe for summarizing and summarize what you have read.

Home, Sweet HomeI live in a city now, but I grew up playing in the black dirt

on the farm bought by my great grandfather in 1852. I remember the warmth of the big wooden farmhouse in which we lived. I can see the pastures where Grandma, Dad, and I herded cows and mended fences. They wore a leafy green hat in summer and a snowy veil in winter. I often picture out big red barn filled with sweet smelling hay, where I would dance and play.

My heart rests on that farm, and in my memory, it remains one true home.

What is the main idea of this passage? __________________________________________________________________________________Using Marzano’s method to summarize, write a summary for, “Home Sweet Home.” __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Going Back Home- Home, Sweet Home – Review Summarize – TC 83

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Multiple Meaning Words: A word that has more than one meaning. Readers must use

context clues to figure out which meaning the author intended

In Pursuit of the Past

Jackie Wells, an artist, burned with curiosity about her ancestors. She believed uncovering the past would help her understand the present.

Jackie decided to trace her family tree. She began in Raleigh, North Caroline, where her ancestors had lived as slaves. There she visited the department of records and talked to people. She drew pictures based on her findings, including how an ancestor’s slave cabin might have looked.Multiple Meaning Words:Use each word below in a sentence and explain the meaning of the word in context.

branch building well fit__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Then, he finished Abraham Lincoln’s face in 1937.

First, he completed George Washington’s face in 1930.

Next, he completed Thomas Jefferson’s face in 1936.

Finally, in 1939, he completed Theodore Roosevelt’s face.

Going Back Home – In Pursuit of the Past – Multiple-Meaning Words m- TC 84

Review Sequence of EventsSequence of events refers to the time order in which events happen. Dates and time-order words such as first, then, next, before, and after signal the order of events.Directions: Read the passage below and highlight the time- order words and phrases in the passage.

Mount RushmoreThe Mount Rushmore National Monument, located

in the Black Hills of South Dakota, depicts the faces of four United States presidents. Work began on the monument in 1929. It was carved over the next 12 years by Guzton Borglum, an American sculptor. The first face completed was that of George Washington, in 1930. The face of Thomas Jefferson was completed next, in 1936. Abraham Lincoln’s face was finished in 1937, followed by Theodore Roosevelt’s face, which was finished in 1939. The monument was finally opened to the public in 1941. Each of the faces stands more than 60 feet high.

Using a sequence of events chart, record the sequence in which the sculptor completed the faces on the Mount Rushmore Monument. Use dates and time-order words.

A Mountain of a Monument – Mount Rushmore – Sequence of Events – TC 85

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Vocabulary Development:Use context clues to determine the meanings of vocabulary words.Directions: Highlight the words that are clues to the meaning of the vocabulary word. Draw an arrow from the clues to the vocabulary word it helps you to define.

The Sculpture

The artist created a sculpture of the town’s mayor which will sit in front of Town Hall along with other statues honoring prominent citizens. She just had to put the finishing touches on her huge, awesome creation. She was still reworking the shape of one nostril of the mayor’s prominent nose. She wanted to perfect the sculpture in time for the ceremony in which she would dedicate it to the townspeople. On the big day, she hurried to hail a cab, waving frantically as they drove by, for she was late for the fireworks display. Luckily, she arrived at the ceremony just before the explosives went off.

Where would you view a sculpture? What is the most awesome sight you have ever seen? Have you ever sculptured a famous person? Why would a person dedicate a song to someone? How do you hail a taxi? What type of material is an explosive?

A Mountain of a Monument – The Sculpture - Vocabulary – TC 86

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“A Mountain of a Monument ”Vocabulary

Term & Part of Speech

Definition In Your Own

Words

Antonym or non-

example

Use it in a sentence.

sculpture(noun)

a figure or design made by carving stone, wood, marble, or modeling clay

awesome(adjective)

causing wonder or fear

nostril(noun)

one of the two outer openings in the nose

dedicate(verb)

to set apart for a special purpose

hail(verb)

to greet or attract the attention of by calling or shouting

explosives(noun)

Something that can burst or cause other items to burst suddenly

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1948 – 2040?: Carvers work full-time on the monument in summer. Blasting continues two times a year.

1939 – Thunderhead Mountain selected as monument’s site. Artist designs statue.

1948: Blasting of rock begins.

and violently

Sequence of EventsPaying attention to the order in which events take place can help you to understand what you read.Directions: Complete the sequence of events chart to show how the Crazy Horse sculpture is being made. Begin with early developmental stages and continue until the present day.

Crazy Horse- A Mountain of a Monument Sequence of Events

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Review: Author’s purpose: The author’s purpose is her or his reason for writing. People write to entertain, to inform, to persuade, or to describe. Sometimes an author has more than one reason for writing. Authors also express a certain point of view or opinion in their writing.Directions: Think about the author’s reason for writing this passage. Highlight the sentences in the passage that gives clues to the author’s purpose.

Call Us Lakota Many years ago, the enemies of the Lakota called us Nadowessioux, which in their language means snake. The white settlers continued to call us by this name, but shortened it to Sioux. The Lakota lived on the land proudly, marrying, taking care of our children, and hunting buffalo for food and clothing. Our enemies did us an injustice. Snakes we are not. We are Lakota. Learn to call us by our true name. Directions: Complete the Author’s Purpose and Point of View chart below for “Call Us Lakota.”

Author’s PurposeTo persuade

Point of ViewWe should be called Lakota.

Supporting StatementsOur enemies called us Sioux.

Sioux means snake.

We call ourselves Lakota.

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A Mountain of a Monument – Call Us Lakota – Author’s Purpose, Point of View TC 88

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Directions: Complete the Author’s Purpose and Point of View chart below for “ A Mountain of a Monument.”

Author’s PurposeTo informTo

Point of ViewCrazy Horse deserves to be honored.

Supporting StatementsA huge monument is being built out west.

Millions of tons of rock have been

moved.

Crazy Horse was a great

leader.

A Mountain of a Monument – Call Us Lakota – Author’s Purpose, Point of View TC 88

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Review Multiple Meaning WordsSome words have more than one meaning. Strategic readers use context clues to figure out which meaning the author intended. Knowing the various meanings of a word is also helpfulDirections: Highlight the words that can multiple meanings in the passage below.

Hail To the Chief

In the days of Chief Crazy Horse, Native Americans were being driven onto reservations by white settlers. Crazy Horse fought against this injustice. He thought his people had a right to roam free on the land. He fought back hard, defeating General George Custer at the famous battle of Little Big Horn.

The memory of Crazy Horse’s bravery will live on in the memorial at Thunderhead Mountain.

Meaning in this passage Another meaning of this word

-reservations-

-back-

-right-

Directions: Below are two meanings for the word fly. After reading the two definitions for the word fly, decide which meaning belongs in the sentence below. Write “1” or “2” based on which meaning fits the context.fly: 1. an insect with wings; 2. to move, float, or wave in the air

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I love to ______ my kite at the beach.A Mountain of a Monument – Hail to the Chief – Multiple Meaning Words – TC 89Review Figurative LanguageWriter’s use figurative language to add beauty, complexity, and force to their writing. In a metaphor, one thing is likened to another. In a personification, something non-human is given human qualities. Through figurative language, reader can make connections or see qualities that they hadn’t noticed.Directions: Read the passage below. Highlight examples of figurative language Identify whether they are metaphors or personification. What does each add to the passage?

Memorial to a Hero

On Thunderhead Mountain in South Dakota, thousands of visitors flock each year to see the Crazy Horse Memorial. This huge statue is being created in honor of Crazy Horse, a giant in Native American history.

The artist Korczak Ziolkowski began working on the statue in 1948. After Ziolkowski’s death in 1982,others continued to carve his dream. This statue pays tribute to the proud heritage of Native American culture.

Can you write a metaphor and an example of personification?

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A Mountain of a Monument – Memorial to a Hero – Figurative Language TC 90

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