Physics Regents Review Name: Date - WordPress.com...11. The diagram below shows a compressed spring between two carts initially at rest on a horizontal, frictionless surface. Cart

Physics Regents Review

Name: Date:

1. Which term identifies a scalar quantity?

A. displacement B. momentum

C. velocity D. time

2. Two 20.-newton forces act concurrently on anobject. What angle between these forces willproduce a resultant force with the greatestmagnitude?

A. 0 B. 45 C. 90. D. 180.

3. A car traveling west in a straight line on a highwaydecreases its speed from 30.0 meters per second to23.0 meters per second in 2.00 seconds. The car’saverage acceleration during this time interval is

A. 3.5 m/s2 east B. 3.5 m/s2 west

C. 13 m/s2 east D. 13 m/s2 west

4. In a race, a runner traveled 12 meters in4.0 seconds as she accelerated uniformly from rest.The magnitude of the acceleration of the runnerwas

A. 0.25 m/s2 B. 1.5 m/s2

C. 3.0 m/s2 D. 48 m/s2

5. A projectile is launched at an angle abovethe ground. The horizontal component of theprojectile’s velocity, vx, is initially 40. meters persecond. The vertical component of the projectile’svelocity, vy, is initially 30. meters per second.What are the components of the projectile’svelocity after 2.0 seconds of flight? [Neglectfriction.]

A. vx = 40.m/s and vy = 10.m/s

B. vx = 40.m/s and vy = 30.m/s

C. vx = 20.m/s and vy = 10.m/s

D. vx = 20.m/s and vy = 30.m/s

6. A ball is thrown with an initial speed of 10. metersper second. At what angle above the horizontalshould the ball be thrown to reach the greatestheight?

A. 0 B. 30. C. 45 D. 90.

7. Which object has the greatest inertia?

A. a 0.010-kg bullet traveling at 90. m/s

B. a 30.-kg child traveling at 10. m/s on her bike

C. a 490-kg elephant walking with a speed of1.0 m/s

D. a 1500-kg car at rest in a parking lot

8. An 8.0-newton wooden block slides across ahorizontal wooden floor at constant velocity. Whatis the magnitude of the force of kinetic frictionbetween the block and the floor?

A. 2.4 N B. 3.4 N C. 8.0 N D. 27 N

9. Which situation represents a person in equilibrium?

A. a child gaining speed while sliding down aslide

B. a woman accelerating upward in an elevator

C. a man standing still on a bathroom scale

D. a teenager driving around a corner in his car

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10. A rock is thrown straight up into the air. At thehighest point of the rock’s path, the magnitude ofthe net force acting on the rock is

A. less than the magnitude of the rock’s weight,but greater than zero

B. greater than the magnitude of the rock’sweight

C. the same as the magnitude of the rock’sweight

D. zero

11. The diagram below shows a compressed springbetween two carts initially at rest on a horizontal,frictionless surface. Cart A has a mass of2 kilograms and cart B has a mass of 1 kilogram.A string holds the carts together.

The string is cut and the carts move apart.Compared to the magnitude of the force the springexerts on cart A, the magnitude of the force thespring exerts on cart B is

A. the same B. half as great

C. twice as great D. four times as great

12. An 8.0-newton block is accelerating down africtionless ramp inclined at 15 to the horizontal,as shown in the diagram below.

What is the magnitude of the net force causingthe block’s acceleration?

A. 0 N B. 2.1 N C. 7.7 N D. 8.0 N

13. At a certain location, a gravitational forcewith a magnitude of 350 newtons acts on a70.-kilogram astronaut. What is the magnitude ofthe gravitational field strength at this location?

A. 0.20 kg/N B. 5.0 N/kg

C. 9.8 m/s2 D. 25 000 N ·kg

14. A spring gains 2.34 joules of elastic potentialenergy as it is compressed 0.250 meter from itsequilibrium position. What is the spring constantof this spring?

A. 9.36 N/m B. 18.7 N/m

C. 37.4 N/m D. 74.9 N/m

15. When a teacher shines light on a photocellattached to a fan, the blades of the fan turn. Thebrighter the light shone on the photocell, the fasterthe blades turn. Which energy conversion isillustrated by this demonstration?

A. light → thermal → mechanical

B. light → nuclear → thermal

C. light → electrical → mechanical

D. light → mechanical → chemical

16. Which statement describes a characteristic commonto all electromagnetic waves and mechanicalwaves?

A. Both types of waves travel at the same speed.

B. Both types of waves require a materialmedium for propagation.

C. Both types of waves propagate in a vacuum.

D. Both types of waves transfer energy.

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17. An electromagnetic wave is produced by chargedparticles vibrating at a rate of 3.9 × 108 vibrationsper second. The electromagnetic wave is classifiedas

A. a radio wave B. an infrared wave

C. an x ray D. visible light

18. The energy of a sound wave is most closelyrelated to the wave’s

A. frequency B. amplitude

C. wavelength D. speed

19. A sound wave traveling eastward through aircauses the air molecules to

A. vibrate east and west

B. vibrate north and south

C. move eastward, only

D. move northward, only

20. What is the speed of light (f = 5.09 × 1014 Hz) inethyl alcohol?

A. 4.53 × 10−9 m/s B. 2.43 × 102 m/s

C. 1.24 × 108 m/s D. 2.21 × 108 m/s

21. In the diagram below, an ideal pendulum releasedfrom position A swings freely to position B.

As the pendulum swings from A to B, its totalmechanical energy

A. decreases, then increases

B. increases, only

C. increases, then decreases

D. remains the same

22. The diagram below represents a periodic wave.

Which two points on the wave are out of phase?

A. A and C B. B and F

C. C and E D. D and G


23. A dry plastic rod is rubbed with wool clothand then held near a thin stream of water froma faucet. The path of the stream of water ischanged, as represented in the diagram below.

Which force causes the path of the stream ofwater to change due to the plastic rod?

A. nuclear B. magnetic

C. electrostatic D. gravitational

24. A distance of 1.0 × 10−2 meter separates successivecrests of a periodic wave produced in a shallowtank of water. If a crest passes a point in the tankevery 4.0 × 10−1 second, what is the speed of thiswave?

A. 2.5 × 10−4 m/s B. 4.0 × 10−3 m/s

C. 2.5 × 10−2 m/s D. 4.0 × 10−1 m/s

25. One vibrating 256-hertz tuning fork transfersenergy to another 256-hertz tuning fork, causingthe second tuning fork to vibrate. Thisphenomenon is an example of

A. diffraction B. reflection

C. refraction D. resonance

26. Sound waves are produced by the horn of atruck that is approaching a stationary observer.Compared to the sound waves detected by thedriver of the truck, the sound waves detected bythe observer have a greater

A. wavelength B. frequency

C. period D. speed

27. The electronvolt is a unit of

A. energy

B. charge

C. electric field strength

D. electric potential difference

28. Which particle would produce a magnetic field?

A. a neutral particle moving in a straight line

B. a neutral particle moving in a circle

C. a stationary charged particle

D. a moving charged particle

29. A physics student takes her pulse and determinesthat her heart beats periodically 60 times in60 seconds. The period of her heartbeat is

A. 1 Hz B. 60 Hz C. 1 s D. 60 s

30. Moving 4.0 coulombs of charge through a circuitrequires 48 joules of electric energy. What is thepotential difference across this circuit?

A. 190 V B. 48 V C. 12 V D. 4.0 V

31. The diagram below shows currents in a segmentof an electric circuit.

What is the reading of ammeter A?

A. 1 A B. 5 A C. 9 A D. 15 A


32. An electric dryer consumes 6.0 × 106 joules ofelectrical energy when operating at 220 volts for1.8 × 103 seconds. During operation, the dryerdraws a current of

A. 10. A B. 15 A

C. 9.0 × 102 A D. 3.3 × 103 A

33. Which net charge could be found on an object?

A. +4.80 × 10−19 C B. +2.40 × 10−19 C

C. −2.40 × 10−19 C D. −5.60 × 10−19 C

34. A photon is emitted as the electron in a hydrogenatom drops from the n = 5 energy level directly tothe n = 3 energy level. What is the energy of theemitted photon?

A. 0.85 eV B. 0.97 eV

C. 1.51 eV D. 2.05 eV

35. In a process called pair production, an energeticgamma ray is converted into an electron and apositron. It is not possible for a gamma ray to beconverted into two electrons because

A. charge must be conserved

B. momentum must be conserved

C. mass-energy must be conserved

D. baryon number must be conserved

36. The approximate length of an unsharpened No. 2pencil is

A. 2.0 × 10−2 m B. 2.0 × 10−1 m

C. 2.0 × 100 m D. 2.0 × 101 m

37. The diagram below shows an 8.0-kilogram cartmoving to the right at 4.0 meters per second aboutto make a head-on collision with a 4.0-kilogramcart moving to the left at 6.0 meters per second.

After the collision, the 4.0-kilogram cart movesto the right at 3.0 meters per second. What isthe velocity of the 8.0-kilogram cart after thecollision?

A. 0.50 m/s left B. 0.50 m/s right

C. 5.5 m/s left D. 5.5 m/s right

38. Four forces act concurrently on a block on ahorizontal surface as shown in the diagram below.

As a result of these forces, the block

A. moves at constant speed to the right

B. moves at constant speed to the left

C. accelerates to the right

D. accelerates to the left

39. If a motor lifts a 400.-kilogram mass a verticaldistance of 10. meters in 8.0 seconds, the minimumpower generated by the motor is

A. 3.2 × 102 W B. 5.0 × 102 W

C. 4.9 × 103 W D. 3.2 × 104 W


40. A 4.0-kilogram object is accelerated at 3.0 metersper second2 north by an unbalanced force. Thesame unbalanced force acting on a 2.0-kilogramobject will accelerate this object toward the northat

A. 12 m/s2 B. 6.0 m/s2

C. 3.0 m/s2 D. 1.5 m/s2

41. An electron is located in an electric field ofmagnitude 600. newtons per coulomb. What is themagnitude of the electrostatic force acting on theelectron?

A. 3.75 × 1021 N B. 6.00 × 102 N

C. 9.60 × 10−17 N D. 2.67 × 10−22 N

42. The current in a wire is 4.0 amperes. The timerequired for 2.5 × 1019 electrons to pass a certainpoint in the wire is

A. 1.0 s B. 0.25 s C. 0.50 s D. 4.0 s

43. When two point charges of magnitude q1 and q2

are separated by a distance, r, the magnitude ofthe electrostatic force between them is F. Whatwould be the magnitude of the electrostatic forcebetween point charges 2q1 and 4q2 when separatedby a distance of 2r?

A. F B. 2F C. 16F D. 4F

44. The composition of a meson with a charge of −1elementary charge could be

A. s−−c B. dss C. u−−b D. −−u−−c

−−d

45. Which graph represents the relationship betweenthe kinetic energy and the speed of a freely fallingobject?

A.

B.

C.

D.


46. Which diagram represents the electric field betweentwo oppositely charged conducting spheres?

A.

B.

C.

D.

47. Which graph represents the relationship betweenthe magnitude of the gravitational force, Fg,between two masses and the distance, r, betweenthe centers of the masses?

A.

B.

C.

D.


48. The diagram below shows two waves travelingtoward each other at equal speed in a uniformmedium.

When both waves are in the region betweenpoints A and B, they will undergo

A. diffraction

B. the Doppler effect

C. destructive interferencer

D. constructive interference

49. The diagram below shows a series of straight wave fronts produced in a shallow tank of water approaching a smallopening in a barrier.

Which diagram represents the appearance of the wave fronts after passing through the opening in the barrier?

A. B. C. D.


50. The graph below represents the relationshipbetween energy and the equivalent mass fromwhich it can be converted.

The slope of this graph represents

A. c B. c2 C. g D. g2

51. A 25.0-meter length of platinum wire with across-sectional area of 3.50 × 10−6 meter2 has aresistance of 0.757 ohm at 20C. Calculate theresistivity of the wire.

52. The diagram below represents a periodic wavemoving along a rope.

On the grid below, draw at least one full wavewith the same amplitude and half the wavelengthof the given wave.

53. A baseball bat exerts an average force of600. newtons east on a ball, imparting an impulseof 3.6 newton ·seconds east to the ball. Calculatethe amount of time the baseball bat is in contactwith the ball.

54. The diagram below shows the north pole of onebar magnet located near the south pole of anotherbar magnet. On the diagram, draw three magneticfield lines in the region between the magnets.

55. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)on the information on the graph below.

The graph shows the relationshipbetween speed and elapsed time for a carmoving in a straight line.

Determine the magnitude of the acceleration of thecar.

56. Calculate the total distance the car traveled duringthe time interval 4.0 seconds to 8.0 seconds.


57. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)on the information below.

A 20.-ohm resistor, R1, and a resistorof unknown resistance, R2, are connected inparallel to a 30.-volt source, as shown in thecircuit diagram below. An ammeter in thecircuit reads 2.0 amperes.

Determine the equivalent resistance of the circuit.


A 20.-ohm resistor, R1; and a resistorof unknown resistance, R2, are connected inparallel to a 30.-volt source, as shown in thecircuit diagram below. An ammeter in thecircuit reads 2.0 amperes.

Calculate the resistance of resistor R2.


A 28-gram rubber stopper is attachedto a string and whirled clockwise in ahorizontal circle with a radius of 0.80 meter.The diagram in your answer bookletrepresents the motion of the rubber stopper.The stopper maintains a constant speed of2.5 meters per second.

Calculate the magnitude of the centripetalacceleration of the stopper.

60. On the diagram below, draw an arrow showing thedirection of the centripetal force acting on thestopper when it is at the position shown.


Auroras over the polar regions of Earthare caused by collisions between chargedparticles from the Sun and atoms in Earth’satmosphere. The charged particles giveenergy to the atoms, exciting them from theirlowest available energy level, the groundstate, to higher energy levels, excited states.Most atoms return to their ground statewithin 10. nanoseconds.

In the higher regions of Earth’satmosphere, where there are fewer interatomcollisions, a few of the atoms remain inexcited states for longer times. For example,oxygen atoms remain in an excited statefor up to 1.0 second. These atoms accountfor the greenish and red glows of theauroras. As these oxygen atoms returnto their ground state, they emit greenphotons (f = 5.38 × 1014 Hz) and red photons(f = 4.76 × 1014 Hz). These emissions lastlong enough to produce the changing auroraphenomenon.

What is the order of magnitude of the time, inseconds, that most atoms spend in an excited state?

62. Calculate the energy of a photon, in joules, thataccounts for the red glow of the aurora.


63. Explain what is meant by an atom being in itsground state.


A girl rides her bicycle 1.40 kilometerswest, 0.70 kilometer south, and0.30 kilometer east in 12 minutes. Thevector diagram below represents the girl’sfirst two displacements in sequence frompoint P. The scale used in the diagram is1.0 centimeter = 0.20 kilometer.

On the vector diagram below, using a ruler and aprotractor, construct the following vectors:

• Starting at the arrowhead of the seconddisplacement vector, draw a vectorto represent the 0.30 kilometer eastdisplacement. Label the vector with itsmagnitude.

• Draw the vector representing the resultantdisplacement of the girl for the entirebicycle trip and label the vector R.

65. Calculate the girl’s average speed for the entirebicycle trip.

66. Determine the magnitude of the girl’s resultantdisplacement for the entire bicycle trip, inkilometers.

67. Determine the measure of the angle, in degrees,between the resultant and the 1.40-kilometerdisplacement vector.


A light ray with a frequency of5.09 × 1014 hertz traveling in water has anangle of incidence of 35 on a water-airinterface. At the interface, part of the ray isreflected from the interface and part of theray is refracted as it enters the air.

What is the angle of reflection of the light ray atthe interface?

69. On the diagram below, using a protractor and astraightedge, draw the reflected ray.

70. Calculate the angle of refraction of the light rayas it enters the air.

71. Identify one characteristic of this light ray that isthe same in both the water and the air.


72. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)on the information and diagram below.

A 30.4-newton force is used to slide a40.0-newton crate a distance of 6.00 metersat constant speed along an incline to avertical height of 3.00 meters.

Determine the total work done by the 30.4-newtonforce in sliding the crate along the incline.

73. Calculate the total increase in the gravitationalpotential energy of the crate after it has slid6.00 meters along the incline.

74. State what happens to the kinetic energy of thecrate as it slides along the incline.

75. State what happens to the internal energy of thecrate as it slides along the incline.

76. Which quantity is scalar?

A. mass B. force

C. momentum D. acceleration

77. What is the final speed of an object that startsfrom rest and accelerates uniformly at 4.0 metersper second2 over a distance of 8.0 meters?

A. 8.0 m/s B. 16 m/s

C. 32 m/s D. 64 m/s

78. The components of a 15-meters-per-second velocityat an angle of 60. above the horizontal are

A. 7.5 m/s vertical and 13 m/s horizontal

B. 13 m/s vertical and 7.5 m/s horizontal

C. 6.0 m/s vertical and 9.0 m/s horizontal

D. 9.0 m/s vertical and 6.0 m/s horizontal

79. What is the time required for an object startingfrom rest to fall freely 500. meters near Earth’ssurface?

A. 51.0 s B. 25.5 s C. 10.1 s D. 7.14 s

80. A baseball bat exerts a force of magnitude F ona ball. If the mass of the bat is three times themass of the ball, the magnitude of the force of theball on the bat is

A. F B. 2F C. 3F D.F3

81. A 2.0-kilogram mass is located 3.0 meters abovethe surface of Earth. What is the magnitude ofEarth’s gravitational field strength at this location?

A. 4.9 N/kg B. 2.0 N/kg

C. 9.8 N/kg D. 20. N/kg

82. A truck, initially traveling at a speed of 22 metersper second, increases speed at a constant rate of2.4 meters per second2 for 3.2 seconds. What isthe total distance traveled by the truck during this3.2-second time interval?

A. 12 m B. 58 m C. 70. m D. 83 m

83. A 750-newton person stands in an elevator that isaccelerating downward. The upward force of theelevator floor on the person must be

A. equal to 0 N B. less than 750 N

C. equal to 750 N D. greater than 750 N


84. A 3.0-kilogram object is acted upon by an impulsehaving a magnitude of 15 newton · seconds.What is the magnitude of the object’s change inmomentum due to this impulse?

A. 5.0 kg · m/s B. 15 kg · m/s

C. 3.0 kg · m/s D. 45 kg · m/s

85. An air bag is used to safely decrease themomentum of a driver in a car accident. The airbag reduces the magnitude of the force acting onthe driver by

A. increasing the length of time the force actson the driver

B. decreasing the distance over which the forceacts on the driver

C. increasing the rate of acceleration of thedriver

D. decreasing the mass of the driver

86. An electron moving at constant speed produces

A. a magnetic field, only

B. an electric field, only

C. both a magnetic and an electric field

D. neither a magnetic nor an electric field

87. A beam of electrons passes through an electricfield where the magnitude of the electric fieldstrength is 3.00 × 103 newtons per coulomb. Whatis the magnitude of the electrostatic force exertedby the electric field on each electron in the beam?

A. 5.33 × 10−23 N B. 4.80 × 10−16 N

C. 3.00 × 103 N D. 1.88 × 1022 N

88. How much work is required to move 3.0 coulombsof electric charge a distance of 0.010 meterthrough a potential difference of 9.0 volts?

A. 2.7 × 103 J B. 27 J

C. 3.0 J D. 3.0 × 10−2 J

89. What is the resistance of a 20.0-meter-longtungsten rod with a cross-sectional area of1.00 × 10−4 meter2 at 20C?

A. 2.80 × 10−5 Ω B. 1.12 × 10−2 Ω

C. 89.3 Ω D. 112 Ω

90. Two pieces of flint rock produce a visible sparkwhen they are struck together. During this process,mechanical energy is converted into

A. nuclear energy and electromagnetic energy

B. internal energy and nuclear energy

C. electromagnetic energy and internal energy

D. elastic potential energy and nuclear energy

91. A 15-kilogram cart is at rest on a horizontalsurface. A 5-kilogram box is placed in the cart.Compared to the mass and inertia of the cart, thecart-box system has

A. more mass and more inertia

B. more mass and the same inertia

C. the same mass and more inertia

D. less mass and more inertia

92. Transverse waves are to radio waves as longitudinalwaves are to

A. light waves B. microwaves

C. ultraviolet waves D. sound waves

93. As a monochromatic light ray passes from air intowater, two characteristics of the ray that will notchange are

A. wavelength and period

B. frequency and period

C. wavelength and speed

D. frequency and speed


94. When a mass is placed on a spring with a springconstant of 60.0 newtons per meter, the spring iscompressed 0.500 meter. How much energy isstored in the spring?

A. 60.0 J B. 30.0 J C. 15.0 J D. 7.50 J

95. A boy pushes his sister on a swing. What isthe frequency of oscillation of his sister on theswing if the boy counts 90. complete swings in300. seconds?

A. 0.30 Hz B. 2.0 Hz

C. 1.5 Hz D. 18 Hz

96. What is the period of a sound wave having afrequency of 340. hertz?

A. 3.40 × 102 s B. 1.02 × 100 s

C. 9.73 × 10−1 s D. 2.94 × 10−3 s

97. An MP3 player draws a current of 0.120 amperefrom a 3.00-volt battery. What is the total chargethat passes through the player in 900. seconds?

A. 324 C B. 108 C C. 5.40 C D. 1.80 C

98. A beam of light has a wavelength of 4.5 × 10−7

meter in a vacuum. The frequency of this light is

A. 1.5 × 10−15 Hz B. 4.5 × 10−7 Hz

C. 1.4 × 102 Hz D. 6.7 × 1014 Hz

99. When x-ray radiation and infrared radiation aretraveling in a vacuum, they have the same

A. speed B. frequency

C. wavelength D. energy per photon

100. The diagram below represents two identical pulsesapproaching each other in a uniform medium.

As the pulses meet and are superposed, themaximum displacement of the medium is

A. −6 cm B. 0 cm C. 3 cm D. 6 cm

101. As a car approaches a pedestrian crossing theroad, the driver blows the horn. Compared to thesound wave emitted by the horn, the sound wavedetected by the pedestrian has a

A. higher frequency and a lower pitch

B. higher frequency and a higher pitch

C. lower frequency and a higher pitch

D. lower frequency and a lower pitch

102. When air is blown across the top of an open waterbottle, air molecules in the bottle vibrate at aparticular frequency and sound is produced. Thisphenomenon is called

A. diffraction B. refraction

C. resonance D. the Doppler effect

103. An antibaryon composed of two antiup quarks andone antidown quark would have a charge of

A. +1e B. −1e C. 0e D. −3e

104. Which force is responsible for producing a stablenucleus by opposing the electrostatic force ofrepulsion between protons?

A. strong B. weak

C. frictional D. gravitational


105. What is the total energy released when 9.11× 10−31

kilogram of mass is converted into energy?

A. 2.73 × 10−22 J B. 8.20 × 10−14 J

C. 9.11 × 10−31 J D. 1.01 × 10−47 J

106. A shopping cart slows as it moves along a levelfloor. Which statement describes the energies ofthe cart?

A. The kinetic energy increases and thegravitational potential energy remains thesame.

B. The kinetic energy increases and thegravitational potential energy decreases.

C. The kinetic energy decreases and thegravitational potential energy remains thesame.

D. The kinetic energy decreases and thegravitational potential energy increases.

107. Two identically-sized metal spheres, A andB, are on insulating stands, as shown in thediagram below. Sphere A possesses an excess of6.3 × 1010 electrons and sphere B is neutral.

Insulating stands

Which diagram best represents the chargedistribution on sphere B?

A. B.

C. D.

108. Two points, A and B, are located within theelectric field produced by a −3.0 nanocoulombcharge. Point A is 0.10 meter to the left of thecharge and point B is 0.20 meter to the right ofthe charge, as shown in the diagram below.

Compared to the magnitude of the electric fieldstrength at point A, the magnitude of the electricfield strength at point B is

A. half as great B. twice as great

C. one-fourth as great D. four times as great


109. The diagram below represents two waves, A andB, traveling through the same uniform medium.

Which characteristic is the same for both waves?

A. amplitude B. frequency

C. period D. wavelength

110. The diagram below shows a periodic wave.

Which two points on the wave are 180. out ofphase?

A. A and C B. B and E

C. F and G D. D and H

111. The height of a 30-story building is approximately

A. 100 m B. 101 m C. 102 m D. 103 m

112. Two identically-sized metal spheres on insulatingstands are positioned as shown below. The chargeon sphere A is −4.0 × 10−6 coulomb and thecharge on sphere B is −8.0 × 10−6 coulomb.

−4.0 × 10−6 C −8.0 × 10−6 C

The two spheres are touched together and thenseparated. The total number of excess electrons onsphere A after the separation is

A. 2.5 × 1013 B. 3.8 × 1013

C. 5.0 × 1013 D. 7.5 × 1013

113. A 1.0 × 103-kilogram car travels at a constantspeed of 20. meters per second around a horizontalcircular track. The diameter of the track is1.0 × 102 meters. The magnitude of the car’scentripetal acceleration is

A. 0.20 m/s2 B. 2.0 m/s2

C. 8.0 m/s2 D. 4.0 m/s2

114. Which combination of units can be used to expresselectrical energy?

A.volt

coulomb

B.coulomb

volt

C. volt · coulomb

D. volt · coulomb · second

115. The total amount of electrical energy used bya 315-watt television during 30.0 minutes ofoperation is

A. 5.67 × 105 J B. 9.45 × 103 J

C. 1.05 × 101 J D. 1.75 × 10−1 J


116. Which graph best represents the relationshipbetween the absolute index of refraction and thespeed of light (f = 5.09 × 1014 Hz) in variousmedia?

A.

B.

C.

D.

117. A 25-gram paper cup falls from rest off the edgeof a tabletop 0.90 meter above the floor. If thecup has 0.20 joule of kinetic energy when it hitsthe floor, what is the total amount of energyconverted into internal (thermal) energy during thecup’s fall?

A. 0.02 J B. 0.22 J C. 2.2 J D. 220 J

118. Which electron transition between the energylevels of hydrogen causes the emission of a photonof visible light?

A. n = 6 to n = 5 B. n = 5 to n = 6

C. n = 5 to n = 2 D. n = 2 to n = 5

119. Which graph best represents an object inequilibrium moving in a straight line?

A. B.

C. D.

120. A body, B, is moving at constant speed in ahorizontal circular path around point P. Whichdiagram shows the direction of the velocity (v) andthe direction of the centripetal force (Fc) acting onthe body?

A.

B.

C.

D.


121. Which graph best represents the relationshipbetween photon energy and photon wavelength?

A.

B.

C.

D.

122. Which combination of initial horizontal velocity,(vH) and initial vertical velocity, (vv) results in thegreatest horizontal range for a projectile over levelground?

A. B.

C. D.

123. Which graph best represents the greatest amountof work?

A.

B.

C.

D.


124. When a ray of light traveling in water reaches aboundary with air, part of the light ray is reflectedand part is refracted. Which ray diagram bestrepresents the paths of the reflected and refractedlight rays?

A.

B.

C.

D.

125. The graph below represents the work done againstgravity by a student as she walks up a flight ofstairs at constant speed.

Compared to the power generated by the studentafter 2.0 seconds, the power generated by thestudent after 4.0 seconds is

A. the same B. twice as great

C. half as great D. four times as great

126. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)on the information below and the scaled vectordiagram and on your knowledge of physics.

Two forces, a 60.-newton force east andan 80.-newton force north, act concurrentlyon an object located at point P, as shown.

Using a ruler, determine the scale used in thevector diagram.

127. Draw the resultant force vector to scale on thediagram. Label the vector “R.”

128. Determine the magnitude of the resultant force, R.


129. Determine the measure of the angle, in degrees,between north and the resultant force, R.

130. A 3.00-newton force causes a spring to stretch60.0 centimeters. Calculate the spring constant ofthis spring.

131. A 7.28-kilogram bowling ball traveling 8.50 metersper second east collides head-on with a5.45 kilogram bowling ball traveling 10.0 metersper second west. Determine the magnitude of thetotal momentum of the two-ball system after thecollision.

132. Calculate the average power required to lift a490-newton object a vertical distance of 2.0 metersin 10. seconds.

133. The diagram below shows wave fronts approachingan opening in a barrier. The size of the openingis approximately equal to one-half the wavelengthof the waves. On the diagram, draw the shape ofat least three of the wave fronts after they havepassed through this opening.

134. The diagram below shows a mechanical transversewave traveling to the right in a medium. Point Arepresents a particle in the medium. Draw anarrow originating at point A to indicate the initialdirection that the particle will move as the wavecontinues to travel to the right in the medium.

135. Regardless of the method used to generateelectrical energy, the amount of energy providedby the source is always greater than the amount ofelectrical energy produced. Explain why there is adifference between the amount of energy providedby the source and the amount of electrical energyproduced.

136. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) onthe graph below, which represents the relationshipbetween velocity and time for a car moving alonga straight line, and your knowledge of physics.

Determine the magnitude of the average velocityof the car from t = 6.0 seconds to t = 10. seconds.

137. Determine the magnitude of the car’s accelerationduring the first 6.0 seconds.

138. Identify the physical quantity represented by theshaded area on the graph.

139. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)on the information below and on your knowledgeof physics.

A student constructed a series circuitconsisting of a 12.0-volt battery, a 10.0-ohmlamp, and a resistor. The circuit does notcontain a voltmeter or an ammeter. Whenthe circuit is operating, the total currentthrough the circuit is 0.50 ampere.

In the space below, draw a diagram of the seriescircuit constructed to operate the lamp, usingsymbols from the Reference Tables for PhysicalSetting/Physics.



A student constructed a series circuitconsisting of a 12.0-volt battery, a 10.0-ohmlamp, and a resistor. The circuit does notcontain a voltmeter or an ammeter. Whenthe circuit is operating, the total currentthrough the circuit is 0.50 ampere.

Determine the equivalent resistance of the circuit.

141. Determine the resistance of the resistor.

142. Calculate the power consumed by the lamp.


Pluto orbits the Sun at an averagedistance of 5.91 × 1012 meters. Pluto’sdiameter is 2.30 × 106 meters and its mass is1.31 × 1022 kilograms.

Charon orbits Pluto with their centersseparated by a distance of 1.96 × 107 meters.Charon has a diameter of 1.21 × 106 metersand a mass of 1.55 × 1021 kilograms.

Calculate the magnitude of the gravitational forceof attraction that Pluto exerts on Charon.

144. Calculate the magnitude of the acceleration ofCharon toward Pluto.

145. State the reason why the magnitude of the Sun’sgravitational force on Pluto is greater than themagnitude of the Sun’s gravitational force onCharon.


A horizontal 20.-newton force is appliedto a 5.0-kilogram box to push it across arough, horizontal floor at a constant velocityof 3.0 meters per second to the right.

Determine the magnitude of the force of frictionacting on the box.

147. Calculate the weight of the box.

148. Calculate the coefficient of kinetic friction betweenthe box and the floor.


An electron traveling with a speedof 2.50 × 106 meters per second collideswith a photon having a frequency of1.00 × 1016 hertz. After the collision, thephoton has 3.18 × 10−18 joule of energy.

Calculate the original kinetic energy of theelectron.

150. Determine the energy in joules of the photonbefore the collision.

151. Determine the energy lost by the photon duringthe collision.

152. Name two physical quantities conserved in thecollision.

153. Which quantity is a vector?

A. power B. kinetic energy

C. speed D. weight

154. A 65.0-kilogram astronaut weighs 638 newtons atthe surface of Earth. What is the mass of theastronaut at the surface of the Moon, where theacceleration due to gravity is 1.62 meters persecond squared?

A. 10.7 kg B. 65.0 kg

C. 105 N D. 638 N

155. When the sum of all the forces acting on a blockon an inclined plane is zero, the block

A. must be at rest

B. must be accelerating

C. may be slowing down

D. may be moving at constant speed


156. The greatest increase in the inertia of an objectwould be produced by increasing the

A. mass of the object from 1.0 kg to 2.0 kg

B. net force applied to the object from 1.0 N to2.0 N

C. time that a net force is applied to the objectfrom 1.0 s to 2.0 s

D. speed of the object from 1.0 m/s to 2.0 m/s

157. A 100.-kilogram cart accelerates at 0.50 meterper second squared west as a horse exerts a forceof 60. newtons west on the cart. What is themagnitude of the force that the cart exerts on thehorse?

A. 10. N B. 50. N C. 60. N D. 110 N

158. Sound waves are described as

A. mechanical and transverse

B. mechanical and longitudinal

C. electromagnetic and transverse

D. electromagnetic and longitudinal

159. An electrical force of 8.0 × 10−5 newton existsbetween two point charges, q1 and q2. If thedistance between the charges is doubled, the newelectrical force between the charges will be

A. 1.6 × 10−4 N B. 2.0 × 10−5 N

C. 3.2 × 10−4 N D. 4.0 × 10−5 N

160. A blue lab cart is traveling west on a track when itcollides with and sticks to a red lab cart travelingeast. The magnitude of the momentum of the bluecart before the collision is 2.0 kilogram · metersper second, and the magnitude of the momentumof the red cart before the collision is 3.0 kilogrammeters per second. The magnitude of the totalmomentum of the two carts after the collision is

A. 1.0 kg · m/s B. 2.0 kg · m/s

C. 3.0 kg · m/s D. 5.0 kg · m/s

161. The diagram below represents the path of a thrownball through the air.

Which arrow best represents the direction in whichfriction acts on the ball at point P?

A. B.

C. D.

162. A magnetic field would be produced by a beam of

A. x rays B. gamma rays

C. protons D. neutrons

163. The diagram below represents the electric field inthe region of two small charged spheres, A and B.

What is the sign of the net charge on A and B?

A. A is positive and B is positive.

B. A is positive and B is negative.

C. A is negative and B is negative.

D. A is negative and B is positive.


164. A horizontal force of 20 newtons eastward causesa 10-kilogram box to have a displacement of5 meters eastward. The total work done on thebox by the 20-newton force is

A. 40 J B. 100 J C. 200 J D. 1000 J

165. A block initially at rest on a horizontal, frictionlesssurface is accelerated by a constant horizontalforce of 5.0 newtons. If 15 joules of work is doneon the block by this force while accelerating it,the kinetic energy of the block increases by

A. 3.0 J B. 15 J C. 20. J D. 75 J

166. Two objects, A and B, are held one meter abovethe horizontal ground. The mass of B is twice asgreat as the mass of A. If PE is the gravitationalpotential energy of A relative to the ground, thenthe gravitational potential energy of B relative tothe ground is

A. PE B. 2PE C.PE2

D. 4PE

167. What is the kinetic energy of a 55-kilogram skiertraveling at 9.0 meters per second?

A. 2.5 × 102 J B. 5.0 × 102 J

C. 2.2 × 103 J D. 4.9 × 103 J

168. A 5.09 × 1014-hertz electromagnetic wave istraveling through a transparent medium. The mainfactor that determines the speed of this wave is the

A. nature of the medium

B. amplitude of the wave

C. phase of the wave

D. distance traveled through the medium

169. A motor does a total of 480 joules of work in5.0 seconds to lift a 12-kilogram block to the topof a ramp. The average power developed by themotor is

A. 8.0 W B. 40. W

C. 96 W D. 2400 W

170. A 5.8 × 104-watt elevator motor can lift a totalweight of 2.1 × 104 newtons with a maximumconstant speed of

A. 0.28 m/s B. 0.36 m/s

C. 2.8 m/s D. 3.6 m/s

171. A stationary police officer directs radio wavesemitted by a radar gun at a vehicle moving towardthe officer. Compared to the emitted radio waves,the radio waves reflected from the vehicle andreceived by the radar gun have a

A. longer wavelength B. higher speed

C. longer period D. higher frequency

172. A light wave strikes the Moon and reflects towardEarth. As the light wave travels from the Moontoward Earth, the wave carries

A. energy, only

B. matter, only

C. both energy and matter

D. neither energy nor matter

173. The time required to produce one cycle of a waveis known as the wave’s

A. amplitude B. frequency

C. period D. wavelength


174. A magnetic compass is placed near an insulatedcopper wire. When the wire is connected to abattery and a current is created, the compassneedle moves and changes its position. Which isthe best explanation for the production of a forcethat causes the needle to move?

A. The copper wire magnetizes the compassneedle and exerts the force on the compassneedle.

B. The compass needle magnetizes the copperwire and exerts the force on the compassneedle.

C. The insulation on the wire becomes charged,which exerts the force on the compass needle.

D. The current in the wire produces a magneticfield that exerts the force on the compassneedle.

175. A beam of monochromatic light (f = 5.09×1014 Hz)has a wavelength of 589 nanometers in air. Whatis the wavelength of this light in Lucite?

A. 150 nm B. 393 nm

C. 589 nm D. 884 nm

176. If the amplitude of a sound wave is increased,there is an increase in the sound’s

A. loudness B. pitch

C. velocity D. wavelength

177. In the diagram below, point P is located in theelectric field between two oppositely chargedparallel plates.

Compared to the magnitude and direction ofthe electrostatic force on an electron placed atpoint P, the electrostatic force on a proton placedat point P has

A. the same magnitude and the same direction

B. the same magnitude, but the opposite direction

C. a greater magnitude, but the same direction

D. a greater magnitude and the opposite direction

178. The effect produced when two or more soundwaves pass through the same point simultaneouslyis called

A. interference B. diffraction

C. refraction D. resonance

179. A gamma ray photon and a microwave photonare traveling in a vacuum. Compared to thewavelength and energy of the gamma ray photon,the microwave photon has a

A. shorter wavelength and less energy

B. shorter wavelength and more energy

C. longer wavelength and less energy

D. longer wavelength and more energy

180. According to the Standard Model of ParticlePhysics, a neutrino is a type of

A. lepton B. photon

C. meson D. baryon


181. Which combination of quarks produces a neutralbaryon?

A. cts B. dsb C. uds D. uct

182. When 2.0 × 10−16 kilogram of matter is convertedinto energy, how much energy is released?

A. 1.8 × 10−1 J B. 1.8 × 101 J

C. 6.0 × 10−32 J D. 6.0 × 10−8 J

183. A ball is hit straight up with an initial speed of28 meters per second. What is the speed of theball 2.2 seconds after it is hit? [Neglect friction.]

A. 4.3 m/s B. 6.4 m/s

C. 22 m/s D. 28 m/s

184. A particle with a charge of 3.00 elementarycharges moves through a potential difference of4.50 volts. What is the change in electricalpotential energy of the particle?

A. 1.07 × 10−19 eV B. 2.16 × 10−18 eV

C. 1.50 eV D. 13.5 eV

185. Which circuit has the largest equivalent resistance?

A.

B.

C.

D.

186. A transverse wave is moving toward the right in auniform medium. Point X represents a particle ofthe uniform medium. Which diagram representsthe direction of the motion of particle X at theinstant shown?

A.

B.

C.

D.


187. Which diagram represents magnetic field linesbetween two north magnetic poles?

A.

B.

C.

D.

188. Which measurement is closest to 1 × 10−2 meter?

A. diameter of an atom

B. width of a student’s finger

C. length of a football field

D. height of a schoolteacher

189. Which graph represents the relationship betweenthe speed of a freely falling object and the time offall of the object near Earth’s surface?

A.

B.

C.

D.

190. A hair dryer with a resistance of 9.6 ohmsoperates at 120 volts for 2.5 minutes. The totalelectrical energy used by the dryer during thistime interval is

A. 2.9 × 103 J B. 3.8 × 103 J

C. 1.7 × 105 J D. 2.3 × 105 J

191. A box weighing 46 newtons rests on an inclinethat makes an angle of 25 with the horizontal.What is the magnitude of the component of thebox’s weight perpendicular to the incline?

A. 19 N B. 21 N C. 42 N D. 46 N


192. Which graph represents the motion of an objecttraveling with a positive velocity and a negativeacceleration?

A. B.

C. D.

193. Car A, moving in a straight line at a constantspeed of 20. meters per second, is initially200 meters behind car B, moving in the samestraight line at a constant speed of 15 meters persecond. How far must car A travel from this initialposition before it catches up with car B?

A. 200 m B. 400 m

C. 800 m D. 1000 m

194. A 2700-ohm resistor in an electric circuit draws acurrent of 2.4 milliamperes. The total charge thatpasses through the resistor in 15 seconds is

A. 1.6 × 10−4 C B. 3.6 × 10−2 C

C. 1.6 × 10−1 C D. 3.6 × 101 C

195. A 1000.-kilogram car traveling 20.0 meters persecond east experiences an impulse of 2000.newton · seconds west. What is the final velocityof the car after the impulse has been applied?

A. 18.0 m/s east B. 19.5 m/s east

C. 20.5 m/s west D. 22.0 m/s west

196. Which graph represents the relationship betweenthe potential difference applied to a copper wireand the resulting current in the wire at constanttemperature?

A.

B.

C.

D.

197. A tungsten wire has resistance R at 20C. Asecond tungsten wire at 20C has twice the lengthand half the cross-sectional area of the first wire.In terms of R, the resistance of the second wire is

A. R2 B. R C. 2R D. 4R


198. After an incandescent lamp is turned on, thetemperature of its filament rapidly increases fromroom temperature to its operating temperature. Asthe temperature of the filament increases, whathappens to the resistance of the filament and thecurrent through the filament?

A. The resistance increases and the currentdecreases.

B. The resistance increases and the currentincreases.

C. The resistance decreases and the currentdecreases.

D. The resistance decreases and the currentincreases.

199. Parallel wave fronts are incident on an opening ina barrier. Which diagram shows the configurationof wave fronts and barrier opening that will resultin the greatest diffraction of the waves passingthrough the opening? [Assume all diagrams aredrawn to the same scale.]

A. B.

C. D.

200. A singer demonstrated that she could shatter acrystal glass by singing a note with a wavelengthof 0.320 meter in air at STP. What was the naturalfrequency of the glass?

A. 9.67 × 10−4 Hz B. 1.05 × 102 Hz

C. 1.03 × 103 Hz D. 9.38 × 108 Hz


Problem-Attic format version 4.4.316c_ 2011–2017 EducAide Software

Licensed for use by [email protected] of Use at www.problem-attic.com

Physics Regents Review 6/10/2018

1.Answer: D

2.Answer: A

3.Answer: A

4.Answer: B

5.Answer: A

6.Answer: D

7.Answer: D

8.Answer: A

9.Answer: C

10.Answer: C

11.Answer: A

12.Answer: B

13.Answer: B

14.Answer: D

15.Answer: C

16.Answer: D

17.Answer: A

18.Answer: B

19.Answer: A

20.Answer: D

21.Answer: D

22.Answer: D

23.Answer: C

24.Answer: C

25.Answer: D

26.Answer: B

27.Answer: A

28.Answer: D

29.Answer: C

30.Answer: C

31.Answer: C

32.Answer: B

33.Answer: A

34.Answer: B

35.Answer: A

36.Answer: B

37.Answer: A

38.Answer: D

39.Answer: C

40.Answer: B

Teacher’s Key Page 2

41.Answer: C

42.Answer: A

43.Answer: B

44.Answer: A

45.Answer: C

46.Answer: C

47.Answer: D

48.Answer: D

49.Answer: A

50.Answer: B

51.Answer: – ρ = (0.757Ω)(3.50 × 10−6m2

25.0m

– ρ = 1.06 × 10−7Ω| ·m

52.Answer:

53.

Answer: – t =3.6N · s600.N

– t = 0.0060 s

54.Answer:

55.Answer: 1.25 m/s2 ± 0.05 m/s2

56.

Answer: – d =

(5.0m/s + 10.0m/s

2

)4.0s

– d = 30.m

57.Answer: 15 Ω

58.Answer: R2 = 60.Ω

59.Answer: ac = 7.8 m/s2

60.Answer:

61.Answer: −8

62.Answer: E = 3.16 × 10−19 J

63.Answer: The ground state is the lowest available

energy level that an atom can have orthat the ground state is the most stableenergy state.

64.Answer:

65.Answer: v = 3.3 m/s

66.Answer: 1.3 km ± 0.2 km

67.Answer: 32 ± 2

68.Answer: 35


69.Answer:

70.Answer: 49

71.Answer: frequency, period, phase, color, or

transverse

72.Answer: 182 J

73.Answer: ∆PE = 120. J

74.Answer: The kinetic energy of the crate is

constant.

75.Answer: The internal energy of the crate increases.

76.Answer: A

77.Answer: A

78.Answer: B

79.Answer: C

80.Answer: A

81.Answer: C

82.Answer: D

83.Answer: B

84.Answer: B

85.Answer: A

86.Answer: C

87.Answer: B

88.Answer: B

89.Answer: B

90.Answer: C

91.Answer: A

92.Answer: D

93.Answer: B

94.Answer: D

95.Answer: A

96.Answer: D

97.Answer: B

98.Answer: D

99.Answer: A

100.Answer: D

101.Answer: B

102.Answer: C

103.Answer: B

104.Answer: A

105.Answer: B

106.Answer: C

107.Answer: D


108.Answer: C

109.Answer: A

110.Answer: A

111.Answer: C

112.Answer: B

113.Answer: C

114.Answer: C

115.Answer: A

116.Answer: B

117.Answer: A

118.Answer: C

119.Answer: D

120.Answer: C

121.Answer: A

122.Answer: D

123.Answer: B

124.Answer: B

125.Answer: A

126.Answer: 1.0 cm = 10.N ± 1 N

127.Answer:

128.Answer: 100.N ± 3 N

129.Answer: 37 ± 2

130.

Answer: k =3.00 N

60.0 cm; k = 5.00 N/m

131.Answer: 7.4 kg ·m/s

132.Answer: P = (490N)(0.20 m/s); P = 98 W

133.Answer:

134.Answer:

135.Answer: Example answer: Energy is needed to

overcome friction.


136.Answer: 15 m/s

137.Answer: 2.5 m/s2

138.Answer: Example answer: displacement

139.Answer:

140.Answer: 24Ω

141.Answer: 14Ω

142.Answer: P = (5.0 V)(0.50 A); P = 2.5 W

143.Answer: Fg =

(6.67 × 10−11N · m2/kg2)(1.31 × 1022kg)(1.55 × 1021kg)(1.96 × 107m)2

;

Fg = 3.53 × 1018 N

144.

Answer: Example answer: a =3.53 × 1018 N

1.55 × 1021 kg;

a = 2.28 × 10−3 m/s2

145.Answer: Pluto has a greater mass than Charon.

146.Answer: 20 N

147.Answer: Example answer: W = (5.0 kg)(9.81 m/s2);

Fg = 49 N

148.

Answer: µ =20.N49 N

; µ = 0.41

149.Answer: KE = 1

2 (9.11 × 10−31 kg)(2.50 × 106 m/s)2

KE = 2.85 × 10−18 J

150.Answer: 6.63 × 10−18 J

151.Answer: 3.45 × 10−18 J

152.Answer: Example answer: mass, momentum

153.Answer: D

154.Answer: B

155.Answer: D

156.Answer: A

157.Answer: C

158.Answer: B

159.Answer: B

160.Answer: A

161.Answer: B

162.Answer: C

163.Answer: C

164.Answer: B

165.Answer: B

166.Answer: B

167.Answer: C

168.Answer: A

169.Answer: C

170.Answer: C

171.Answer: D

172.Answer: A

173.Answer: C

174.Answer: D


175.Answer: B

176.Answer: A

177.Answer: B

178.Answer: A

179.Answer: C

180.Answer: A

181.Answer: C

182.Answer: B

183.Answer: B

184.Answer: D

185.Answer: C

186.Answer: C

187.Answer: D

188.Answer: B

189.Answer: D

190.Answer: D

191.Answer: C

192.Answer: B

193.Answer: C

194.Answer: B

195.Answer: A

196.Answer: A

197.Answer: D

198.Answer: A

199.Answer: B

200.Answer: C

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Physics Regents Review Name: Date - WordPress.com...11. The diagram below shows a compressed spring between two carts initially at rest on a horizontal, frictionless surface. Cart