PHOBOS-GRUNTGAP \ TDLAS

GAP

G. Durry, J. Cousin, L. Joly

GSMA, CNRS, Reims University, France

I. Vinogradov, A. Titov, O. Korablev,

M. Gerasimov

IKI , Moscow

N. Amarouche, DT-INSU\CNRS, France

Second Moscow Solar System Symposium (2M-S3)

He

MSCL1CL2CGT

CalGT

PR1

PS1

PR2

PS2

SV

IT2 IT1

CL

TCD1TCD2

GC

TCD3

TDLAS

Sv1

v2

v3 v4

v5

v6

v7v8

v9

v10

v11

v12

v13v15

v16

PC1PC2PC3PC6…

v14

CGT – carrier gas tank (2 tanks with gas regulators and sensors each) CalGT – calibration gas tankPR1,2 – pressure regulatorsPS1,2 – pressure sensorsSV – sample volumeIT1,2 – injection traps for permanent gases and for organicsCL1,2 – capillary columns for permanent gases and for organicsTCD1,2,3 – thermal conductivity detectorsCL – capillary leakS – separatorv1-15 - valves

GC – gas chromatographTDLAS – tunable diode laser

spectrometerPC1-6 – pyrolytic cellsMS – mass-spectrometer

Schematics of Gas Analytic Package

Laser (TLaser, ILaser) = mol

TLaser

ILaser

PeltierFo F1

Laser

Laser

CH4, 40 Torr, 8cm, ~ 1.65 m

Fo

F1

Principles

Inheritage: the balloonborne laser diode sondes (SDLA) for the Earth stratosphere

CH4

Targeted molecular species:

C2H2 , 1.53m , expected molecular absorption depth ~ a few %H2

16O , 12CO2, 2.68m , expected molecular absorption depth ~ a few tens %HDO, H2

18O, H217O , 2.64m , expected molecular absorption depth ~ a

few %13CO2, OC18O, 2.04 m , expected molecular absorption depth ~ 0.5%

Antimonide DFB laser diodes (Nanoplus GmbH)

Precision error ~ a few % for a measurement time ~ a few seconds

Reference: G. Durry, J.Li, I. Vinogradov & al., Applied Physics B, 99, pp 339-351, 2010.

TDLAS

Spectrocopy and calibration

H2O (10%) + He, 220 hPa Experimental spectrawith TDLAS - LM G. Durry, J.Li, I. Vinogradov & al.,

Applied Physics B, 99, pp 339-351, 2010.

Laboratory Spectrocopy for Phobos-Grunt

Experimental spectra

CO2 isotopologues

C2H2

CO2

H2O

H2Oisotopologues

Calibration of the TDLAS- FM integrated into the Lander

CO2 (~ 2000

ppmv) + HeP ~ 700 mbarT ~ +70°C = 2.68 m

CO2 (~ 2000

ppmv) + HeP ~ 260 mbarT ~ +70°C = 2.68 m

experimentalsimulated

Pulsed insertion of a small portion of pure CO2 and transporting it along the QM GC capillaries and through the TDLAS optical cell by

the carrier gas He. Time interval between successive spectra, recorded by the

laser#4, is 18 s:

References :

TDLAS – Phobos-Grunt:“Near infrared diode laser spectroscopy of C2H2, H2O, CO2 and their isotopologues and the application to TDLAS, a tunable diode laser spectrometer for the Martian PHOBOS-Grunt space mission”, G. Durry, J.Li, I. Vinogradov, A. Titov, A.V. Kalyuzhny, L. Joly, J. Cousin, T. Decarpenterie, N. Amarouche, M. Liu, B. Parvitte, O. Korablev, M. Gerasimov, V. Zéninari, Applied Physics B, 99, 339-351, 2010.

Spectroscopy of C2H2 for Phobos-Grunt:«Diode laser spectroscopy of two acetylene isotopologues (12C2H2, 13C12CH2) in the 1.533 µm region for the PHOBOS-Grunt space mission», J. Li, L. Joly, J. Cousin, B. Parvitte, B. Bonno, V. Zéninari, G. Durry, Spectrochimica Acta Part A, 74, pp1204-1208, 2009. 

«Self-broadening coefficients and positions of acetylene around 1.533 μm studied by high-resolution diode laser absorption spectrometry» , J.Li, G. Durry, J. Cousin, L. Joly, B. Parvitte, and V. Zeninari, Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, Vol. 111, pp 2332-2340, 2010. 

Spectroscopy of H2O and CO2 isotopologues for Phobos-Grunt:G. Durry & al., « Laser diode spectroscopy of the H2O isotopologues in the 2.64 micron region for the in situ monitoring of the Martian atmosphere », Infrared Physics & Technology, Vol. 51, Issue 3, pp229-235, 2008.

Le Barbu T.; Zéninari Z .; Parvitte B.; Courtois D. and G. Durry, 2006, « Line strengths and self-broadening coefficients of carbon dioxide isotopologues (13CO2 and 18O12C16O) near 2.04 µm for the in situ laser sensing of the Martian atmosphere », Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, 98, 264-276, 2006. 

Perspectives

Missions «Moon-Glob» and «Moon-Resource»:  improved after existing TDLAS Phobos-Grunt-like

instrument, integrated inside the GAP.

Mission «Venus-D»: stand-alone TDLAS with quantum cascade lasers,

like previously proposed for «Venus-EVE», but placed at the Venus-D Descent Module

for measuring of sulphuric components of Venussian atmosphere

from high altitudes down to its surface level.