Philippines Plans, Information and Philippines Plans, Information and Capacity Building Needs Capacity Building Needs

for the for the Second National Communication to Second National Communication to

the the UNFCCCUNFCCC

Presented byPresented byJoyceline A. GocoJoyceline A. Goco

Environmental Management BureauEnvironmental Management Bureau

Presented at the Presented at the Second AIACC Regional Workshop for Asia and Pacific IslandsSecond AIACC Regional Workshop for Asia and Pacific Islands

2 November 2004, Traders Hotel2 November 2004, Traders Hotel

Milestones so far …Milestones so far … The Philippines signed the Convention on The Philippines signed the Convention on June 12, 1992June 12, 1992

The Philippines ratified the Convention on The Philippines ratified the Convention on August 2, 1994August 2, 1994

The Philippines signed the Kyoto Protocol on The Philippines signed the Kyoto Protocol on April 15, 1998April 15, 1998

The Philippines ratified the Kyoto Protocol on The Philippines ratified the Kyoto Protocol on November 20, 2003 November 20, 2003

The Philippines submitted its Initial National The Philippines submitted its Initial National Communication on Climate Change to the UNFCCC Communication on Climate Change to the UNFCCC Secretariat on Secretariat on May 19, 2000May 19, 2000

The Philippines conducted two GHG inventories using The Philippines conducted two GHG inventories using 19901990 and and 19941994 base yearsbase years

Experiences from the Experiences from the First National First National

CommunicationCommunication

GHG InventoryGHG Inventory

Included five sectorsIncluded five sectors::

EnergyEnergyAgriculture Agriculture

IndustryIndustryLand Use Change/ForestryLand Use Change/Forestry

Wastes Wastes

For the following gasesFor the following gases::

Carbon Dioxide (COCarbon Dioxide (CO22))Methane (CHMethane (CH44))

Nitrous Oxide (NNitrous Oxide (N22O)O)Nitrogen Oxide (NOx)Nitrogen Oxide (NOx)Carbon Monoxide (CO)Carbon Monoxide (CO)

Other volatile hydrocarbons (NMVOC)Other volatile hydrocarbons (NMVOC)Sulfur Dioxide (SOSulfur Dioxide (SO22) )

Application of inventory procedures set by the Revised 1996 IPCC GuidelinesApplication of inventory procedures set by the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines

IPCC provided activity data IPCC provided activity data and default emission factors and default emission factors

for the various sectors of for the various sectors of concernconcern

Philippine GHG Inventory used Philippine GHG Inventory used local values in place of these data local values in place of these data

whenever possible (e.g., fuel whenever possible (e.g., fuel classification and local values on classification and local values on biomass growth rates, densities biomass growth rates, densities

and carbon content)and carbon content)

Emissions could not be estimated for lack of appropriate data (e.g., Emissions could not be estimated for lack of appropriate data (e.g., waste and forestry sectors)waste and forestry sectors)

Climate Change ScenariosClimate Change Scenarios General Circulation Models selected and used for the analysis General Circulation Models selected and used for the analysis

of future climate scenarios in V&A Assessmentsof future climate scenarios in V&A Assessments

GCM Selection ProcessGCM Selection Process

Existing estimates of precipitation and temperature under 1 x Existing estimates of precipitation and temperature under 1 x CO2 (present condition) compared with existing climatic normal CO2 (present condition) compared with existing climatic normal

Comparisons based on large-scale temporal and spatial Comparisons based on large-scale temporal and spatial distribution of precipitation and temperaturedistribution of precipitation and temperature

Spatial and temporal variations in temperature and rainfall due Spatial and temporal variations in temperature and rainfall due to the doubling of CO2 derived using simulation results of four to the doubling of CO2 derived using simulation results of four

GCMs:GCMs: Canadian Climate Center Model (CCCM)Canadian Climate Center Model (CCCM) United Kingdom Meteorological Office Model United Kingdom Meteorological Office Model (UKMO)(UKMO) Geophysical Fluids Dynamic Laboratory Model Geophysical Fluids Dynamic Laboratory Model (GFDL)(GFDL) Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) Model Model

– – for the agricultural sectorfor the agricultural sector

Vulnerability and Adaptation AssessmentsVulnerability and Adaptation Assessments

Five economic Five economic sectors included sectors included

in the V&A in the V&A AssessmentsAssessments

AgricultureAgriculture

Water resourcesWater resources

Coastal resourcesCoastal resources

Human healthHuman health

ForestryForestry

Observation:Observation: studies were studies were limited; pilot areas limited; pilot areas and results need to and results need to be validatedbe validatedRecommendation:Recommendation: undertake more undertake more V&A studies V&A studies

Adaptation measures and strategies initially identified based on Adaptation measures and strategies initially identified based on V&A assessments and various sectoral consultationsV&A assessments and various sectoral consultations. . Non-Non-prioritization of issues led to non-verification of viabilitiesprioritization of issues led to non-verification of viabilities

Public AwarenessPublic Awareness

Conduct of public awareness activities [FGDs, symposia, Conduct of public awareness activities [FGDs, symposia, consultation and workshops, exhibits, publication and consultation and workshops, exhibits, publication and dissemination of poster calendar(s)] on climate change and global dissemination of poster calendar(s)] on climate change and global warming for the government, NGOs, private sector and academewarming for the government, NGOs, private sector and academe

Preparation of the National Action Plan (NAP) on Climate ChangePreparation of the National Action Plan (NAP) on Climate Change

Promotion of energy efficiency and conservation as GHG Promotion of energy efficiency and conservation as GHG mitigation measure undertaken by the national government mitigation measure undertaken by the national government through the Department of Energy through the Department of Energy Establishment of the Climate Change Information Center (CCIC) Establishment of the Climate Change Information Center (CCIC) tasked to receive international information on climate change tasked to receive international information on climate change and climate-friendly technologies and to systematically and climate-friendly technologies and to systematically disseminate to local stakeholdersdisseminate to local stakeholders““Local Action Planning on Climate Change” organized under the Local Action Planning on Climate Change” organized under the Enabling Activity Project and implemented by the Institute of Enabling Activity Project and implemented by the Institute of Climate, Energy and Environment (ICEE) in selected provinces Climate, Energy and Environment (ICEE) in selected provinces faced with potential high risk from climate change impacts and faced with potential high risk from climate change impacts and sea level rise to create awareness and provide necessary sea level rise to create awareness and provide necessary guidance in the formulation of local action plans on climate guidance in the formulation of local action plans on climate change change

Institutional ArrangementsInstitutional Arrangements

Establishment of the Inter-Agency Committee on Climate Change Establishment of the Inter-Agency Committee on Climate Change (IACCC) in 1991 by virtue of EO 220 consisting of fifteen agencies (IACCC) in 1991 by virtue of EO 220 consisting of fifteen agencies from the government and NGOs tasked to:from the government and NGOs tasked to:

• Coordinate various climate change related activities;Coordinate various climate change related activities;• Assist the Philippine delegation to the UNFCCC in Assist the Philippine delegation to the UNFCCC in

drafting country position(s);drafting country position(s);• Review and propose climate change policies; andReview and propose climate change policies; and• Review projects aimed to reduce GHG emissionsReview projects aimed to reduce GHG emissions

Convergence between the objectives and national priorities on Convergence between the objectives and national priorities on sustainable development and responsible climate change policy as sustainable development and responsible climate change policy as manifested in the integration of climate change policies and manifested in the integration of climate change policies and programs into the Medium-Term Philippine Development Plan programs into the Medium-Term Philippine Development Plan (MTPDP) and the Philippine Agenda 21 (the country’s blueprint for (MTPDP) and the Philippine Agenda 21 (the country’s blueprint for sustainable development in the 21sustainable development in the 21stst century) century)Implementation of an interim project with funding assistance from Implementation of an interim project with funding assistance from the GEF through the UNDP to strengthen the country’s capacity to the GEF through the UNDP to strengthen the country’s capacity to comply with international commitments assumed under the comply with international commitments assumed under the Convention and to enable the preparation of its subsequent Convention and to enable the preparation of its subsequent national communicationsnational communications

PLANSPLANSSelf-Assessment for the Self-Assessment for the

Preparation and Submission Preparation and Submission of a of a

Project Proposal Project Proposal for the for the

Philippines Second National Philippines Second National Communication to the Communication to the

UNFCCC UNFCCC

ObjectivesObjectivesConduct of a self-assessment for activities completed or under

preparation relevant to the Second National Communication Identification of gaps through consultation with stakeholders

ActivitiesActivitiesStocktaking Phase Stocktaking Phase

Review and synthesis of work carried out under previous climate change enabling activities

Evaluation of issues and experiences under the CCEAPIdentification of new areas of workPrioritization of activities for the SNC

Stakeholder Consultation Phase Stakeholder Consultation Phase

Validate the stocktaking exercise and national priorities to be addressed in the SNC

Get consensus among the stakeholders on the institutional arrangements proposed in the preparation of the SNC

Clarify the roles and responsibilities of the stakeholders that will be involved in the process

Second National Second National Communication Communication

Activities Activities

Improving the National GHG Emissions Inventory Improving the National GHG Emissions Inventory on Emissions and Sinks on Emissions and Sinks

New calculation of net GHG emissions using the reference year New calculation of net GHG emissions using the reference year nearest to the preparation of the National Communication, using nearest to the preparation of the National Communication, using emission factors developed from local data consisting of national emission factors developed from local data consisting of national activities from the sectors of Energy, Agriculture, Industry, Land activities from the sectors of Energy, Agriculture, Industry, Land Use Change/Forestry and Wastes emitting or absorbing CO2, CH4, Use Change/Forestry and Wastes emitting or absorbing CO2, CH4, N2O, NOx, CO, NMVOC and SO2N2O, NOx, CO, NMVOC and SO2

Review and study of the latest IPCC methodology in force for the Review and study of the latest IPCC methodology in force for the preparation of inventoriespreparation of inventories

Organization of the tasks of data collection and validationOrganization of the tasks of data collection and validationCollection of national data corresponding to the sectors of energy, Collection of national data corresponding to the sectors of energy,

agriculture, industry, land use change/forestry, and waste agriculture, industry, land use change/forestry, and waste managementmanagement

Gathering, validating, entering and elaborating of data through Gathering, validating, entering and elaborating of data through the use of electronic tables standardized by the IPCCthe use of electronic tables standardized by the IPCC

Improvement of locally-derived emission factorsImprovement of locally-derived emission factorsAnalysis of sectoral results in reference to those previously Analysis of sectoral results in reference to those previously

obtained (NGHGI 90 and NGNGI 94)obtained (NGHGI 90 and NGNGI 94)Elaboration of summary tables and auxiliary tables in IPCC Elaboration of summary tables and auxiliary tables in IPCC

formatsformats

Steps to respond to the UNFCCC Steps to respond to the UNFCCC

Inter-institutional and inter-sectoral activities requiring joint Inter-institutional and inter-sectoral activities requiring joint

management and coordination will be undertaken management and coordination will be undertaken

Finding ways to incorporate climate change concernsFinding ways to incorporate climate change concerns

Identifying feasible sectoral and cross-sectoral measuresIdentifying feasible sectoral and cross-sectoral measures

Selecting measures and strategies from within these optionsSelecting measures and strategies from within these options

Assessing institutional strengthening needed for a national Assessing institutional strengthening needed for a national

program of voluntary commitments program of voluntary commitments

Preparation of a summary report on these general steps Preparation of a summary report on these general steps

being taken to implement the Conventionbeing taken to implement the Convention

Planning process will be strengthened by:Planning process will be strengthened by:

Planning for Adaptation Stage I / Stage IIPlanning for Adaptation Stage I / Stage IIApplication of existing framework to demonstrate how policy for Application of existing framework to demonstrate how policy for

adaptation can be integrated into national sustainable adaptation can be integrated into national sustainable development for four human systems: development for four human systems: coastal resources, water coastal resources, water resources, agriculture and human healthresources, agriculture and human health

Where Stage I will consist of vulnerability and adaptation Where Stage I will consist of vulnerability and adaptation assessments of the Philippines’ INC and will develop capacity to assessments of the Philippines’ INC and will develop capacity to move onto Stage III which is Adaptation and build capacities of move onto Stage III which is Adaptation and build capacities of local and national key stakeholders to undertake the following local and national key stakeholders to undertake the following activities:activities: Assessment of vulnerability to current climate variations for a priority Assessment of vulnerability to current climate variations for a priority

systemsystem Assessment of vulnerability to future climate for a priority systemAssessment of vulnerability to future climate for a priority system Improved knowledge of current and future vulnerability shared and Improved knowledge of current and future vulnerability shared and

disseminated widelydisseminated widely Adaptation strategy identified, with no innovative policies and measures Adaptation strategy identified, with no innovative policies and measures

evaluated and prioritized for each priority systemevaluated and prioritized for each priority system National plan developed to prepare for and to incorporate adaptation National plan developed to prepare for and to incorporate adaptation

into developmentinto development Improved knowledge of national plan for adaptation shared and Improved knowledge of national plan for adaptation shared and

disseminated widelydisseminated widelyMonitoring systems for measuring progress in the application of Monitoring systems for measuring progress in the application of adaptation policies and measures, and adaptive capacity of adaptation policies and measures, and adaptive capacity of stakeholders to be developed as part of the methodologystakeholders to be developed as part of the methodology

Capacity building on Technology TransferCapacity building on Technology TransferNeeds assessment for both adaptation and mitigation Needs assessment for both adaptation and mitigation

technologies and methodologies and identification of technologies and methodologies and identification of opportunities to develop and transfer these technologies opportunities to develop and transfer these technologies Evaluate technological options and recommend priorities, in the light of Evaluate technological options and recommend priorities, in the light of

the adaptation and mitigation optionsthe adaptation and mitigation options Identify barriers to the development and transfer of technologiesIdentify barriers to the development and transfer of technologies Identify practical steps to be undertaken to remove the barriersIdentify practical steps to be undertaken to remove the barriers Evaluate the linkages and contribution of these technologies to cost-Evaluate the linkages and contribution of these technologies to cost-

effective adaptation and abatement within national development goalseffective adaptation and abatement within national development goals

Identification of modalities or financial mechanisms for technology Identification of modalities or financial mechanisms for technology transfertransfer Train key personnel in techniques to evaluate climate friendly Train key personnel in techniques to evaluate climate friendly

technologies and their use in the Philippines and develop strategies technologies and their use in the Philippines and develop strategies that assist in early adoptionthat assist in early adoption

Develop a forum for abatement and adaptation discussions and provide Develop a forum for abatement and adaptation discussions and provide support and access to technology optionssupport and access to technology options

Capacity building to assess technology needs, modalities to acquire and Capacity building to assess technology needs, modalities to acquire and absorb, design, evaluate and host projectsabsorb, design, evaluate and host projects

Capacity building for participation in systematic Capacity building for participation in systematic observation networks observation networks

Prepare a specific national plan describing the state of the Prepare a specific national plan describing the state of the national program on systematic observation to satisfy national program on systematic observation to satisfy meteorological and hydrological observation needs in the climate meteorological and hydrological observation needs in the climate system (Program of GCOS and Article 5 of the Convention)system (Program of GCOS and Article 5 of the Convention)

Describe actual and planned activities for strengthening the Describe actual and planned activities for strengthening the gathering, exchange and use of data including specific steps to gathering, exchange and use of data including specific steps to eliminate internal barriers to such exchange with the purpose of eliminate internal barriers to such exchange with the purpose of satisfying local, regional and international needs to:satisfying local, regional and international needs to:

Enhance capacity for climate/weather data management, analysis and Enhance capacity for climate/weather data management, analysis and applicationsapplications

Improve recovery and archiving of historical dataImprove recovery and archiving of historical data Develop/maintain electronic linkages for sharing/exchange of data for Develop/maintain electronic linkages for sharing/exchange of data for

local, regional and international uselocal, regional and international use

Public awareness and educationPublic awareness and education

Climate change awareness raising through the education systemClimate change awareness raising through the education system

Development of an informed public and wider scope ofDevelopment of an informed public and wider scope of information disseminatedinformation disseminated

Furtherance in the implementation of education, training and Furtherance in the implementation of education, training and public awareness public awareness (Art. 6 of the UNFCCC)(Art. 6 of the UNFCCC)

Long-term program playing a key role in the Long-term program playing a key role in the

Measure to develop capacity for the Measure to develop capacity for the

Information and Information and Capacity Building NeedsCapacity Building Needs

GHG Emissions InventoryGHG Emissions Inventory

Development of local emission factorsDevelopment of local emission factors

Data collection, analysis and archivingData collection, analysis and archiving

Vulnerability and Adaptation AssessmentVulnerability and Adaptation Assessment

Vulnerability assessments including scoping, modeling, analysis, Vulnerability assessments including scoping, modeling, analysis,

method selection and reporting systemmethod selection and reporting system

Identification of risks associated with climate change in relation to Identification of risks associated with climate change in relation to

extremes and variabilityextremes and variability

Monitoring systems for measuring progress in the application of Monitoring systems for measuring progress in the application of

adaptation policies and measures, and adaptive capacity of adaptation policies and measures, and adaptive capacity of

stakeholdersstakeholders

Identification and promotion of traditional knowledge, skills and Identification and promotion of traditional knowledge, skills and

practice which enhance adaptationpractice which enhance adaptation

Technology TransferTechnology Transfer

Assessment of technology needs, modalities to acquire, absorb, Assessment of technology needs, modalities to acquire, absorb,

design evaluate and host projects design evaluate and host projects

Evaluation of technological options and prioritiesEvaluation of technological options and priorities

Identification of barriers to the development and transfer of Identification of barriers to the development and transfer of

technologiestechnologies

Identification of practical steps to be undertaken to remove the Identification of practical steps to be undertaken to remove the

barriersbarriers

Identification of modalities or financial mechanisms for technology Identification of modalities or financial mechanisms for technology

transfer transfer

Public Awareness and EducationPublic Awareness and Education

Development of a long-term public awareness program on climate Development of a long-term public awareness program on climate

change and related information through the education systemchange and related information through the education system

Development and production of information, education and Development and production of information, education and

communication materialscommunication materials

Research and Systematic ObservationResearch and Systematic Observation

Enhance capacity for climate / weather data management, Enhance capacity for climate / weather data management,

analysis and applicationsanalysis and applications

Improve recovery and archiving of historical dataImprove recovery and archiving of historical data

Develop / maintain electronic linkages for sharing / exchange of Develop / maintain electronic linkages for sharing / exchange of

data for local, regional and international users data for local, regional and international users

Thank you and good day!

Joyceline A. GocoJoyceline A. GocoEnvironmental Management BureauEnvironmental Management BureauDENR Compound, Visayas Ave., QCDENR Compound, Visayas Ave., QCTel. No.: (+632) 920-2251Tel. No.: (+632) 920-2251Fax No. : (+632) 920-2251Fax No. : (+632) 920-2251Email: Email: joygoco@yahoo.com