A patient is receiving hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) therapy but tells the nurse that she has never traveledout of her state. The nurse knows that a possible reason for this drug therapy is which condition?

a) Lyme diseaseb) Toxoplasmosisc) Rheumatoid arthritisd) Intestinal tapeworms

A patient with gout has been treated with allopurinol (Zyloprim) for 2 months. The nurse will monitorlaboratory results for which therapeutic effect?Choose one answer.

a) Decreased uric acid levels b)Adequate prothrombin time c)Increased white blood cell count d)Increased hemoglobin and hematocrit levels

When the nurse teaches a manual skill such as self-injection of insulin to a patient, what is thebest way to set up the teaching/learning session?

a) Provide written pamphlets for instruction.b) Show a video and allow the patient to practice as needed on his own.c) Verbally explain the procedure and provide written handouts for reinforcement.d) After demonstrating the procedure, allow the patient to do several return demonstrations.

A patient is to receive a penicillin intramuscular (IM) injection in the ventrogluteal site. The nurseremembers that the proper angle for needle insertion is _____ degrees.Choose one answer.

a. 15 b. 45 c. 60 d. 90

If a patient is taking an antifungal drug with an oral anticoagulant, the nurse should monitor for whichpossible interaction?

a) Reduced action of oral anticoagulants, resulting in decreased prothrombin time-international normalizedratio (PT-INR) b) Increased action of oral anticoagulants, resulting in increased PT-INR c) Increased change in renal impairment caused by the antifungal drug d) Decreased effectiveness of the antifungal drug

The nurse is administering drugs to neonates and should consider which factor that may contribute to drugtoxicity?Choose one answer.

a. The lungs are immature. b. The kidneys are small. c. The liver is not fully developed. d. Excretion of the drug occurs quickly.

For which cultural group must the health care provider respect the value placed on harmony withnature and the belief that disease is the result ill spirits?

a) Hispanics b) Asian Americans c) Native Americans d) African Americans

Which nursing diagnosis is appropriate for a patient who has just received a prescription for a newmedication?Choose one answer.

a. Noncompliance related to a new drug therapy b. Ineffective health maintenance related to new drug therapy c. Lack of knowledge regarding newly prescribed drug therapy d. Deficient knowledge related to newly prescribed drug therapy

Which activity best reflects the implementation phase of the nursing process for a patient who isnewly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus?

a) Providing education regarding self-injection technique b) Setting goals and outcome criteria with the patient's input c) Recording a drug history regarding over-the-counter medications used at home d) Formulating nursing diagnoses regarding knowledge deficit related to new treatment regimen

The nurse is administering medications to a patient who is in liver failure resulting from end-stage cirrhosis. The nurse isaware that patients with liver failure would most likely have problems with which pharmacokinetic phase?Choose one answer.

a. Absorption b. Distribution c. Metabolism d. Excretion

A patient has received a prescription for a 2-week course of antifungal suppositories for a vaginal yeastinfection. She asks the nurse if there is an alternative to this medication, saying, "I don't want to do this for 2weeks!" The nurse recognizes that a possible alternative prescription in this situation would be

a) a single dose of a vaginal antifungal cream. b) a one-time infusion of amphotericin B. c) a single dose of a fluconazole (Diflucan) oral tablet. d) less effective than the suppositories.

The nurse is transcribing a verbal medication order. Which is the proper notation of the dose of the drugordered?Choose one answer.

a. Digoxin .125 mg b. Digoxin .1250 mg c. Digoxin 0.125 mg d. Digoxin 0.1250 mg

A mother suspects that her toddler has eaten an entire bottle of chewable aspirin (Acetylsalicylic acid)tablets. The nurse will assess for which most common signs of salicylate intoxication in children?

a) Photosensitivity and nervousness b) Tinnitus and hearing loss c) Acute gastrointestinal bleeding and anorexia d) Hyperventilation and behavioral changes

The nurse has an order to administer an IM immunization to a 2-month-old child. Which site is the bestchoice for this injection?Choose one answer.

a. Deltoid b. Dorsogluteal c. Ventrogluteal d. Vastus lateralis

A young adult calls the clinic to ask for a prescription for "that new flu drug." He says he has had the flu for almost 4 daysand just heard about a drug that can reduce the symptoms. Based on knowledge of antiviral therapy for influenza, what isthe nurse's best response to his request?

a) "Now that you've had the flu, you will need a booster vaccination, not the antiviral drug." b) "We need to do a blood test to verify that you actually have the flu." c) "Ideally, drug therapy should be started within 2 days of symptom onset, not 4 days." d) "We'll get you a prescription. As long as you start treatment within the next 24 hours, the drug should be effective."

A patient has been taking antitubercular therapy for 3 months. The nurse notes a therapeutic response tothese drugs with which assessment findings?Choose one answer.

a. The chronic cough is gone. b. There are two consecutive negative purified protein derivative (PPD) results over 2 months. c. There is increased tolerance to the medication therapy and there are fewer reports of adverse effects. d. There is a decrease in symptoms of tuberculosis along with improved chest x-rays and sputum cultures.

A patient is being evaluated for a possible helmintic infection. The nurse knows that which of thefollowing statements about anthelmintic therapy is true?

a) They may cause severe drowsiness. b) Anthelmintics are very specific in their actions. c) Anthelmintics are effective against broad classes of infestations. d) They are used to treat protozoal infections such as intestinal amebiasis.

When reviewing the history of a patient who will be taking an antifungal drug, the nurse knows that whichof the following conditions is a contraindication to these drugs?Choose one answer.

a. Diabetes mellitus b. Renal failure c. Hyperthyroidism d. Meningitis

The nurse is assigned to a patient who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which statementbest illustrates an outcome criterion for this patient?Choose one answer.

a) The patient will follow instructions. b) The patient will not experience complications. c) The patient will adhere to the new insulin treatment regimen. d)The patient will demonstrate safe insulin self-administration technique.

A patient is being treated for ethanol alcohol abuse in a rehabilitation center. The nurse should includewhich information when teaching him about disulfiram (Antabuse) therapy?Choose one answer.

a. He should not smoke cigarettes while on this drug. b. He needs to know about the common over-the-counter substances that contain alcohol. c. This drug will cause the same effects as the alcohol did, without the euphoric effects. d. Mouthwashes and cough medicines that contain alcohol are safe because they are used in small amounts.

1a

a) Decreased uric acid levels c) Rheumatoid arthritis

d. 90 d) After demonstrating the procedure,allow the patient to do several return

demonstrations.

c. The liver is not fully developed. b) Increased action of oral anticoagulants,resulting in increased PT-INR

d. Deficient knowledge related to newlyprescribed drug therapy

c) Native Americans

c. Metabolism a) Providing education regarding self-injection technique

c. Digoxin 0.125 mg c) a single dose of a fluconazole (Diflucan)oral tablet.

d. Vastus lateralis d) Hyperventilation and behavioralchanges

d. There is a decrease in symptoms oftuberculosis along with improved chest x-

rays and sputum cultures.

c) "Ideally, drug therapy should be startedwithin 2 days of symptom onset, not 4

days."

b. Renal failure b) Anthelmintics are very specific in theiractions.

b. He needs to know about the commonover-the-counter substances that contain

alcohol.

d)The patient will demonstrate safe insulinself-administration technique.

1b

The nurse is giving medications through a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube. Whichtechnique is correct?Choose one answer.

a. Administering the medications using a 3-mL medication syringe b. Applying firm pressure on the syringe's piston to infuse the medication c. Flushing the tubing with 30 mL of saline after the medication has been given d. Using the barrel of the syringe, allowing the fluid to flow via gravity into the tube

A patient has been selected as a potential recipient of an experimental drug for heart failure. The nurseknows that when informed consent has been obtained, it indicates that the patientChoose one answer.

a. has been informed of the possible benefits of the new therapy. b. will be informed of the details of the study as the research continues. c. will not be sure to receive the actual drug during the experiment. d. has had the study's purpose, procedures, and the risks involved explained to him.

A 79-year-old patient is receiving a quinolone as treatment for a complicated incision infection. The nursewill monitor for which adverse effect that is associated with these drugs?Choose one answer.

a. Neuralgia b. Double vision c. Hypotension d. Tendinitis and tendon rupture

When reviewing the allergy history of a patient, the nurse notes that the patient is allergic to penicillin.Based on this finding, the nurse would question an order for which class of antibiotics?Choose one answer.

a. Tetracyclines b. Sulfonamides c. Cephalosporins d. Imipenem-cilastatin

A patient is receiving eye drops that contain a beta-blocker medication. The nurse will use what method toreduce systemic effects after administering the eye drops?Choose one answer.

a. Wiping off excess liquid immediately after instilling the drops b. Having the patient close the eye tightly after the drops have been instilled c. Having the patient close the eye, then move the eye around to help distribute the medication d. Applying gentle pressure to the patient's nasolacrimal duct for 30 to 60 seconds after instilling the drops

A 75-year-old woman has been given an NSAID for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse is reviewing thepatient's medication history and notes that which type of medication could have an interaction with this NSAID?Choose one answer.

a. Antibiotics b. Decongestants c. Anticoagulants d. Beta-blockers

During an admission assessment, the nurse discovers that a patient does not speak English. Which isconsidered the ideal resource for translation?Choose one answer.

a. The nurse should speak to the patient in the patient's native language. b. The nurse should speak to a translator from the patient's family. c. The nurse should speak to an adult friend of the family. d. The nurse should use prewritten note cards that include both English and the patient's language.

A patient has a roundworm infestation and will be taking mebendazole (Vermox). What adverse effectsshould the nurse include in a teaching plan for this patient?Choose one answer.

a. Vertigo b. Seizures c. Diarrhea d. Insomnia

Before administering any medication, which action by the nurse is most important regarding patient safety?Choose one answer.

a. Verifying orders with another nurse b. Documenting the medications given c. Counting medications in the medication cart drawers d. Checking the patient's identification and allergies

A 42lb child is to receive 5mg/kg of a drug. Each tablet equals 50mg. How many tablets are needed by thischild?Choose one answer.

a. 1 tablet b. 2 tablets c. 3 tablets d. 4 tablets

Question 26 Marks: 1 A patient wants to take the herb valerian to help himself rest at night. The nurse would be concerned about potentialinteractions if he is taking which drugs?Choose at least one answer.

a. Digitalis b. Anticoagulants c. Sedatives d. Immunosuppressants

A patient who is being treated for malaria has started therapy with quinine and tetracycline. He asks the nurse why he is onan antibiotic when malaria is caused by a parasite. What should the nurse tell the patient?Choose one answer.

a. "The tetracycline prevents reinfection by the malarial parasite." b. "The antibiotic is combined with quinine to reduce the adverse effects of the quinine." c. "An antibacterial drug prevents the occurrence of superinfection during antimalarial therapy." d. "The two drugs are more effective against malaria when given together."

The medication order reads, "Give ondansetron (Reglan) 24 mg, 30 minutes before beginning chemotherapyto prevent nausea." The nurse notes that the route is missing from the order. What is the nurse's best action?Choose one answer.

a. Giving the medication intravenously because it is for nausea prevention b. Giving the medication orally because the tablets are available in 24 mg doses c. Contacting the prescriber to clarify the route of the medication ordered d. Holding the medication until the prescriber returns to clarify the order

When discussing dosage calculation for pediatric patients with a clinical pharmacist, the nurse notes thatwhich type of dosage calculation is used most commonly in pediatric calculations?Choose one answer.

a. West nomogram b. Clark rule c. Height-to-weight ratio d. Mg/kg formula

The nurse is administering parenteral drugs. Which statement is true regarding parenteral drugs?Choose one answer.

a. Parenteral drugs bypass the first-pass effect. b. Absorption of parenteral drugs is affected by reduced blood flow to the stomach. c. Absorption of parenteral drugs is altered by the presence of food in the stomach. d. Parenteral drugs exert their effects while circulating in the bloodstream.

A patient is to receive oral digoxin (Lanoxin) daily; however, because he is unable to swallow, he cannot takeit orally, as ordered. What type of problem does this represent?Choose one answer.

a. "Right time" problem b. "Right dose" problem c. "Right route" problem d. "Right medication" problem

A patient who has been hospitalized for 2 weeks has developed a pressure ulcer that contains multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Which drug would the nurse expect to be chosen for his therapy?Choose one answer.

a. metronidazole (Flagyl) b. tobramycin (Nebcin) c. vancomycin (Vancocin) d. ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

A patient who has started drug therapy for tuberculosis wants to know how long he will be on themedications. What is the nurse's best response?Choose one answer.

a. "Drug therapy will last until the symptoms have stopped." b. "Drug therapy will continue until the tuberculosis develops resistance." c. "You should expect to take these drugs for as long as 24 months." d. "You will be on antituberculosis drug therapy for the rest of your life."

A patient is receiving aminoglycoside therapy and will be receiving a beta-lactam antibiotic as well. The patient asks why twoantibiotics have been ordered. What is the nurse's best response?Choose one answer.

a. "The combined effect of both antibiotics is greater than each of them alone." b. "The first antibiotic was not strong enough to work." c. "We have not yet isolated the bacteria, so the two antibiotics are given to cover a wide range of microorganisms." d. "We can give a reduced amount of each one if we give them together."

The nurse is writing a nursing diagnosis for a plan of care for a patient who has been newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.Which statement reflects the correct format for a nursing diagnosis?Choose one answer.

a. Anxiety b. Anxiety related to new drug therapy c. Anxiety related to feelings about drug therapy as evidenced by statements such as "I'm upset about having to give myselfshots" d. Anxiety related to new drug therapy as evidenced by statements such as "I'm upset about having to give myself shots"

2a

d. has had the study's purpose, procedures,and the risks involved explained to him.

d. Using the barrel of the syringe, allowingthe fluid to flow via gravity into the tube

c. Cephalosporins d. Tendinitis and tendon rupture

c. Anticoagulants d. Applying gentle pressure to the patient'snasolacrimal duct for 30 to 60 seconds

after instilling the drops

c. Diarrhea a. The nurse should speak to the patient inthe patient's native language.

b. 2 tablets d. Checking the patient's identification andallergies

d. "The two drugs are more effectiveagainst malaria when given together."

b. Anticoagulants c. Sedatives

d. Immunosuppressants

d. Mg/kg formula c. Contacting the prescriber to clarify theroute of the medication ordered

c. "Right route" problem a. Parenteral drugs bypass the first-passeffect.

c. "You should expect to take these drugsfor as long as 24 months."

c. vancomycin (Vancocin)

d. Anxiety related to new drug therapy asevidenced by statements such as "I'm

upset about having to give myself shots"

a. "The combined effect of both antibioticsis greater than each of them alone."

2b

A patient is receiving two different drugs. At current dosages and dosage forms, both drugs are absorbed intothe circulation in identical amounts. Thus, because they have the same absorption rates, they areChoose one answer.

a. in a steady state. b. synergistic. c. compatible. d. bioequivalent.

The physician orders nystatin suspension 400,000units to a patient. This antifungal drug is supplied in abottle which label read:" 5ml = 500,000units". How many mls should be administered each dose?Choose one answer.

a. 4 ml b. 8 ml c. 8.2 ml d. 20 ml

A patient is experiencing chest pain and needs to take a sublingual form of nitroglycerin. Where does thenurse instruct the patient to place the tablet?Choose one answer.

a. Under the tongue b. In the space between the cheek and the gum inside the mouth c. At the back of the throat for easy swallowing d. On a non-hairy area of the chest

An 83-year-old woman has been given a thiazide diuretic (Lasix) to treat mild heart failure. She and herdaughter should be told to watch for which problems?Choose one answer.

a. Constipation and anorexia b. Fatigue and dehydration c. Daytime sedation and lethargy d. Edema, nausea, and blurred vision

The nurse is assessing a newly admitted 83-year-old patient and determines that the patient is experiencingpolypharmacy. Which statement most accurately illustrates polypharmacy?Choose one answer.

a. The patient has lower risk for drug interactions. b. The patient takes one medication for an illness several times a day. c. The patient risks problems only if over-the-counter medications are also taken. d. The patient takes multiple medications for several different illnesses.

During an intravenous (IV) infusion of amphotericin B, a patient develops tingling and numbness in his toesand fingers. What will the nurse do?Choose one answer.

a. Discontinue the infusion immediately. b. Reduce the infusion rate gradually until the adverse effects subside. c. Administer the medication by rapid IV infusion to reduce the potential adverse effects. d. Nothing; these are expected side effects of this medication.

The nurse has been monitoring a patient's progress on a new drug regimen since the first dose anddocumenting signs of possible adverse effects. This example illustrates which phase of the nursing process?Choose one answer.

a. Planning b. Evaluation c. Implementation d. Nursing diagnosis

A member of an investigational drug study team is working with healthy volunteers whose participation will help todetermine the optimal dosage range and pharmacokinetics of the drug. The team member is participating in what type ofstudy?Choose one answer.

a. Phase I b. Phase II c. Phase III d. Phase IV

Nurses have the ethical responsibility to tell the truth to their patients. What is this principle known as?Choose one answer.

a. Justice b. Veracity c. Beneficence d. Nonmaleficence

A 38-year-old man stopped smoking 6 months ago. He tells the nurse that he still feels strong cigarettecravings and wonders if he is ever going to feel "normal" again. Which statement by the nurse is correct?Choose one answer.

a. "These cravings will never stop." b. "These cravings may persist for months to years." c. "The cravings tell us that you are still using nicotine." d. "The cravings indicate that you are about to experience nicotine withdrawal."

The nurse is giving an intradermal (ID) injection and should choose which size syringe for this injection?Choose one answer.

a. 3-mL syringe b. 1-mL tuberculin c. 2-mL tuberculin d. 2- to 3-mL for adults and 1- to 2-mL for children

A patient who has been taking isoniazid (INH) has a new prescription for pyridoxine. She is wondering why she needs thismedication. The nurse explains that pyridoxine (Vit B6) is given concurrently with the isoniazid to preventChoose one answer.

a. hair loss. b. renal failure. c. peripheral neuropathy. d. heart failure.

The nurse is counseling a woman who will be starting rifampin. The patient is on oral contraceptives. Whichstatement is true regarding rifampin therapy for this patient?Choose one answer.

a. Women have a high risk for thrombophlebitis while on this drug. b. A higher dose of rifampin will be necessary because of the contraceptive. c. Oral contraceptives are less effective while the patient is taking rifampin. d. The incidence of adverse effects is greater if the two drugs are taken together.

The nurse is developing a care plan for a patient who will be self-administering insulin injections. Whichstatement reflects a measurable goal?Choose one answer.

a. The patient will know about insulin injections. b. The patient will understand the principles of insulin preparation. c. The patient will demonstrate the proper technique of mixing insulin. d. The patient will comprehend the proper technique of preparing insulin.

The nurse is reviewing the medication history of a patient who will be taking an antibiotic. During antibiotic therapy, asignificant drug interaction may occur with which drug group?Choose one answer.

a. Opioids b. Oral contraceptives c. Anti-hypertensives d. Antihistamines

The main purpose of the Human Genome Project is toChoose one answer.

a. study genetic diseases. b. study genetic traits in humans. c. discover new genetic diseases. d. describe the entire genome of a human being.

The nurse is administering a vancomycin (Vancocin) infusion. Which measure is appropriate for the nurse toimplement in order to reduce complications that may occur with this drug's administration?Choose one answer.

a. Monitoring blood pressure for hypertension during the infusions b. Infusing the drug rapidly c. Restricting fluids during vancomycin therapy d. Infusing the drug over at least 1 hour

The nurse is setting up a teaching session with an 85-year-old patient who will be going home on anticoagulant therapy(Coumadin). Which education strategy would reflect consideration of the changes resulting from aging that exist with thispatient?Choose one answer.

a. Show a colorful video about anticoagulation therapy. b. Present all the information in one session just before discharge. c. Give the patient pamphlets about the medications to read at home. d. Develop large-print handouts that reflect the verbal information presented.

The nurse is measuring 4 mL of a liquid cough elixir for a child. Which method is most appropriate?Choose one answer.

a. Using a teaspoon to measure and administer b. Holding the medication cup at eye level and filling it to the desired level c. Withdrawing the elixir from the container using a syringe without a needle attached d. Withdrawing the elixir from the container using a calibrated oral syringe

When reviewing pharmacology terms for a group of newly graduated nurses, the nurse explains that a drug'shalf-life is the time it takes forChoose one answer.

a. the drug to elicit half of its therapeutic response. b. one half of the original amount of a drug to reach the target cells. c. one half of the original amount of a drug to be removed from the body. d. one half of the original amount of a drug to be absorbed into the circulation.

3a

a. 4 ml d. bioequivalent.

b. Fatigue and dehydration a. Under the tongue

a. Discontinue the infusion immediately. d. The patient takes multiple medicationsfor several different illnesses.

a. Phase I b. Evaluation

b. "These cravings may persist for monthsto years."

b. Veracity

c. peripheral neuropathy. b. 1-mL tuberculin

c. The patient will demonstrate the propertechnique of mixing insulin.

c. Oral contraceptives are less effectivewhile the patient is taking rifampin.

d. describe the entire genome of a humanbeing.

b. Oral contraceptives

d. Develop large-print handouts thatreflect the verbal information presented.

d. Infusing the drug over at least 1 hour

c. one half of the original amount of a drugto be removed from the body.

d. Withdrawing the elixir from thecontainer using a calibrated oral syringe

3b

When assessing patients who are to receive antitubercular therapy, the nurse should assess for whichpotential contraindication?Choose one answer.

a. Glaucoma b. Anemia c. Heart failure d. Hepatic impairment

The nurse is presenting a substance-abuse lecture for teenage girls and is asked about "roofies." The nurserecognizes that this is the slang term for what substance?Choose one answer.

a. cocaine b. flunitrazepam c. secobarbital d. methamphetamine

A 29-year-old male is admitted to the intensive care unit with the following symptoms: restlessness, hyperactive reflexes,talkativeness, confusion and periods of panic, tachycardia, and fever. The nurse suspects that he may be experiencing theeffects of taking which substance?Choose one answer.

a. Opiates b. Alcohol c. Stimulants d. Depressants

When given an intravenous (IV) medication, the patient says to the nurse, "I usually take pills. Why does thismedication have to be given in the arm?" What is the nurse's best answer?Choose one answer.

a. "The medication will cause fewer adverse effects when given intravenously." b. "The IV medication will be absorbed slowly into the tissues over time." c. "The action of the medication will begin sooner when given intravenously." d. "There is a lower chance of allergic reactions when drugs are given IV."

The nurse is preparing an infusion of amphotericin B for a patient who has a severe fungal infection. Whichintervention is appropriate regarding the potential adverse effects of amphotericin B?Choose one answer.

a. Discontinuing the infusion immediately if fever, chills, or nausea occur b. Gradually increasing the infusion rate until adverse effects occur c. If fever, chills, or nausea occur during the infusion, administering medications to treat the symptoms d. Before beginning the infusion, administering an antipyretic and an antiemetic drug

The nurse is conducting a smoking-cessation program. Which statement regarding drugs used in cigarette-smoking-cessation programs is true?Choose one answer.

a. Rapid chewing of the nicotine gum releases an immediate dose of nicotine. b. Quick relief from withdrawal symptoms is most easily achieved by using a transdermal patch. c. Treatment compliance is higher with use of the gum rather than the transdermal patch. d. The nicotine gum can be used only up to six times a day.

The physician orders states: "Digoxin elixir 0.25mg PO daily and hold for apical heart rate below 60/min.The bottle is labeled 0.05mg/ml. How many ml(s) are needed for the ordered dose?Choose one answer.

a. 5 ml b. 10 ml c. 15 ml d. 20 ml

When reviewing the medication orders for a patient who is taking penicillin, the nurse notes that the patient is also taking theoral anticoagulant warfarin (Coumadin). What possible effect may occur as the result of an interaction between these drugs?Choose one answer.

a. The penicillin will cause an enhanced anticoagulant effect of the warfarin. b. The penicillin will cause the anticoagulant effect of the warfarin to decrease. c. The warfarin will reduce the anti-infective action of the penicillin. d. The warfarin will increase the effectiveness of the penicillin.

The physician orders 500mg of Ancef I.M. The pharmacy supplies a vial powder with the following instructions: "Add 2.5mlof sterile water for injection. This will provide a yield of 330mg/ml." How many ml of this antibiotic preparation should beadministered to the patient?Choose one answer.

a. 0.125 ml b. 0.9 ml c. 1.5 ml d. 2.6 ml

For accurate medication administration to pediatric patients, the nurse must take into account whichcriteria?Choose one answer.

a. Weight and organ maturity b. Renal output and weight c. Weight, body temperature, and age d. Height and age

Which is the most important compound that transfers genes from parents to offspring?Choose one answer.

a. Chromatin b. DNA c. Alleles d. RNA

A patient who has undergone bone marrow transplantation has contracted cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis.The nurse expects which drug to be ordered for this patient?Choose one answer.

a. acyclovir (Zovirax) b. ganciclovir (Cytovene) c. zanamivir (Relenza) d. amantadine (Symmetrel)

The nurse is administering an IV push medication through an IV lock. After injecting the medication, whichaction will be taken next?Choose one answer.

a. Flushing the lock b. Regulating the IV flow c. Clamping the tubing for 10 minutes d. Holding the patient's arm up to improve blood flow

When given a scheduled morning medication, the patient states, "I haven't seen that pill before. Are you sure it's correct?" Thenurse checks the medication administration record and verifies that it is listed. Which is the nurse's best response to thepatient?Choose one answer.

a. "It's listed here on the medication sheet, so you should take it." b. "Go ahead and take it, and then I'll check with your doctor about it." c. "It wouldn't be listed here if it were not ordered for you!" d. "I'll check on the order first before you take it."

The nurse is reviewing facts about pharmacology. The term legend drug refers to which item?Choose one answer.

a. Over-the-counter drugs b. Prescription drugs c. Orphan drugs d. Herbal products

A patient who has a history of coronary artery disease has been instructed to take one 81-mg aspirin tablet aday. The nurse is aware that the purpose of this dose of aspirin is toChoose one answer.

a. prevent fever. b. reduce inflammation. c. relieve pain. d. prevent thrombus formation.

The nurse will plan to use the Z-track method of IM injections when theChoose one answer.

a. medication is known to be irritating to tissues. b. patient is emaciated and has very little muscle mass. c. medication must be absorbed quickly into the tissues. d. patient is obese and has a deep fat layer below the muscle mass.

A patient is taking nystatin (Mycostatin) lozenges because of an oral candidiasis infection resulting frominhaled corticosteroid therapy for asthma. Which instruction by the nurse is appropriate?Choose one answer.

a. "Chew the lozenges until they are completely dissolved." b. "Let the lozenge dissolve slowly and completely in your mouth without chewing it." c. "Rinse your mouth with water before taking the inhaler." d. "Rinse your mouth with mouthwash after taking the inhaler."

An infant has been hospitalized with a severe lung infection caused by the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).The nurse expects which drug to be administered via the inhalation route?Choose one answer.

a. acyclovir (Zovirax) b. ganciclovir (Cytovene) c. amantadine (Symmetrel) d. ribavirin (Virazole)

A nurse is providing teaching for a patient who will be taking varenicline (Chantix) as part of a smoking-cessation program. Which teaching point is appropriate for a patient taking this medication?Choose one answer.

a. This drug is available as a chewing gum that can be taken to reduce cravings. b. Be careful when driving because drowsiness may be a problem. c. There have been very few adverse effects reported for this drug. d. Avoid caffeine while on this drug.

4a

b. flunitrazepam d. Hepatic impairment

c. "The action of the medication will beginsooner when given intravenously."

c. Stimulants

a. Rapid chewing of the nicotine gumreleases an immediate dose of nicotine.

d. Before beginning the infusion,administering an antipyretic and an

antiemetic drug

a. The penicillin will cause an enhancedanticoagulant effect of the warfarin.

a. 5 ml

a. Weight and organ maturity c. 1.5 ml

b. ganciclovir (Cytovene) b. DNA

d. "I'll check on the order first before youtake it."

a. Flushing the lock

d. prevent thrombus formation. b. Prescription drugs

b. "Let the lozenge dissolve slowly andcompletely in your mouth without

chewing it."

a. medication is known to be irritating totissues.

b. Be careful when driving becausedrowsiness may be a problem.

d. ribavirin (Virazole)

4b

When administering medication by IV bolus (push), the nurse should occlude the IV line by which method?Choose one answer.

a. Pinching the tubing just below the injection port b. Pinching the tubing just above the injection port c. Pinching the tubing just below the drip chamber of the infusion set d. Not pinching the IV tubing at all

A 25-year-old woman is visiting the prenatal clinic today and shares with the nurse her desire to go "natural" with herpregnancy. She shows the nurse a list of herbal remedies that she wants to buy so that she can "avoid taking any drugs."Which statement by the nurse is correct?Choose one answer.

a. "Most herbal remedies are nontoxic and safe for use during pregnancy." b. "Please read the labels carefully before use to check for cautionary warnings." c. "Keep in mind that products from different manufacturers are required to contain consistent amounts of the herbalproducts." d. "It's important to remember that herbal remedies do not have proven safety ratings for pregnant women."

The nurse is reviewing the therapeutic effects of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), whichinclude which effects?Choose one answer.

a. Anxiolytic b. Diuretic c. Antipyretic d. Antimicrobial

A patient has been taking an over-the-counter (OTC) acid-reducing drug because he has had "stomach problems" for severalmonths. He tells the nurse that the medicine helps as long as he takes it, but once he stops it, the symptoms return. Whichstatement by the nurse is the best advice for this patient?Choose one answer.

a. "The over-the-counter drug has helped you, so you should continue to take it." b. "The over-the-counter dosage may not be strong enough. You should be taking prescription-strength for best effects." c. "For best results, you need to watch what you eat in addition to taking this drug." d. "Using this drug may relieve your symptoms, but it does not address the cause. You should be seen by your health careprovider."

A 60-year-old patient is on several new medications and expresses worry that she will forget to take her pills.Which action by the nurse would be most helpful in this situation?Choose one answer.

a. Teaching effective coping strategies b. Reducing the number of drugs prescribed c. Assuring her that she will not forget once she is accustomed to the routine d. Assisting her with obtaining and learning to use a calendar or pill container

Which drug is manufactured as a result of indirect gene therapy?Choose one answer.

a. Vitamin K b. Warfarin c. Human insulin d. Heparin

The nurse is monitoring a 22-year-old patient who is in the 26th week of pregnancy and has developed gestational diabetesand pneumonia. She is given medications that pose a possible fetal risk, but the potential benefits may warrant the use of themedications in her situation. The nurse recognizes that these medications are in which U.S. Food and Drug Administration(FDA) pregnancy safety category?Choose one answer.

a. Category B b. Category C c. Category D d. Category X

Which situation is an example of a medication error?Choose one answer.

a. A patient refuses her morning medications. b. A patient receives a double dose of a medication because the nurse did not cut the pill in half. c. A patient develops hives after having started an IV antibiotic 24 hours earlier. d. A patient complains of severe pain still present 60 minutes after a pain medication was given.

The nurse needs to administer insulin subcutaneously (subq) to an obese patient. The proper technique forthis injection includesChoose one answer.

a. using the Z-track method. b. inserting the needle at a 5- to 15-degree angle until resistance is felt. c. pinching the skin at the injection site and inserting the needle to below the tissue fold. d. spreading the skin tightly over the injection site, inserting the needle, then releasing the skin.

When admitting a patient with a suspected diagnosis of chronic alcohol use, the nurse should keep in mindthat chronic use of alcohol might result in which condition?Choose one answer.

a. Renal failure b. Stroke c. Korsakoff psychosis d. Alzheimer's disease

The prescriber has written admission orders, and the nurse is transcribing them. The nurse is having difficulty transcribingone order because of the prescriber's handwriting. Which is the best action for the nurse to take at this time?Choose one answer.

a. Ask a colleague what the order says. b. Contact the prescriber to clarify the order. c. Wait until the prescriber makes rounds again to clarify the order. d. Ask the patient what medications he takes at home.

During the development of a new drug, which would be included in the study by the researcher to preventany bias or unrealistic expectations of the new drug's usefulness?Choose one answer.

a. placebo b. FDA approval c. Informed consent d. Efficacy information

The physician orders 1,000mg of acetaminophen PO STAT. The only available tablets are 500mg each. Howmany tablets should the nurse administer for the stat dose?Choose one answer.

a. 2 tablets b. 10 tablets c. 12 tablets d. 3 tablets

A patient in a rehabilitation center is beginning to experience opioid withdrawal symptoms. The nurse shouldprepare to administer which drug as part of the treatment?Choose one answer.

a. diazepam (Valium) b. methadone c. disulfiram (Antabuse) d. bupropion (Zyban)

The patient is asking the nurse about current U.S. laws and regulations of herbal products. Which statementis true?Choose one answer.

a. Medicinal herbs are viewed as dietary supplements. b. Herbal remedies are held to the same standards as drugs. c. Producers of herbal products must prove therapeutic efficacy. d. Herbal remedies are protected by patent laws.

When a patient is on aminoglycoside therapy, the nurse will monitor the patient for which indicators ofpotential toxicity?Choose one answer.

a. Fever b. White blood cell count of 7000 mm3 c. Tinnitus and hearing loss d. Decreased creatinine levels

A woman is traveling to a country where she will be at high risk for malarial infection. What will the nurse teach herregarding prophylactic therapy?Choose one answer.

a. The medication is better absorbed and has fewer adverse effects if taken on an empty stomach. b. This drug should be started 3 weeks before exposure but can be discontinued once she leaves the area. c. This drug is taken only when she observes mosquito bites, because it can have toxic effects if taken unnecessarily. d. This drug is usually started 1 to 2 weeks before traveling to endemic areas and is continued for 4 weeks after leaving thearea.

The nurse is about to give a rectal suppository to a patient. Which technique would facilitate theadministration of the rectal suppository?Choose one answer.

a. Having the patient lie on his or her right side, unless contraindicated b. Having the patient hold his or her breath during insertion of the medication c. Lubricating the suppository with a small amount of petroleum-based lubricant d. Encouraging the patient to lie on his or her left side for 15 to 20 minutes after insertion

A patient is receiving cidofovir as part of the treatment for a viral infection, and the nurse is preparing to administerprobenecid, which is also ordered. The nurse understands that the probenecid is given for which reason?Choose one answer.

a. It has a synergistic effect when given with cidofovir, thus making the antiviral medication more effective. b. The probenecid also prevents the replication of the virus. c. Concurrent drug therapy with probenecid reduces the nephrotoxicity of the cidofovir. d. The probenecid reduces the adverse gastrointestinal effects of the cidofovir.

The nurse is discussing adverse effects of antitubercular drugs. Which potential adverse effect should thepatient report to his or her prescriber?Choose one answer.

a. Gastrointestinal upset b. Headache and nervousness c. Reddish-orange urine and stool d. Numbness and tingling of extremities

5a

d. "It's important to remember that herbalremedies do not have proven safety ratings

for pregnant women."

b. Pinching the tubing just above theinjection port

d. "Using this drug may relieve your symptoms, butit does not address the cause. You should be seenby your health care provider."

c. Antipyretic

c. Human insulin d. Assisting her with obtaining andlearning to use a calendar or pill container

b. A patient receives a double dose of amedication because the nurse did not cut

the pill in half.

c. Category D

c. Korsakoff psychosis c. pinching the skin at the injection siteand inserting the needle to below the

tissue fold.

a. placebo b. Contact the prescriber to clarify theorder.

b. methadone a. 2 tablets

c. Tinnitus and hearing loss a. Medicinal herbs are viewed as dietarysupplements.

c. Lubricating the suppository with a smallamount of petroleum-based lubricant

d. This drug is usually started 1 to 2 weeksbefore traveling to endemic areas and iscontinued for 4 weeks after leaving the area.

d. Numbness and tingling of extremities c. Concurrent drug therapy withprobenecid reduces the nephrotoxicity of

the cidofovir.

5b

A patient with a tracheostomy has difficulty removing excessive, thick mucus from the respiratory tract. Thenurse anticipates that which drug will be ordered to aid in the removal of mucus?Choose one answer.

a. guaifenesin (Mucinex) b. benzonatate (Tessalon Perles) c. codeine d. dextromethorphan

A patient is in the intensive care unit because of an acute myocardial infarction. He is experiencing severeventricular dysrhythmias. The nurse should prepare to give which drug of choice for this dysrhythmia?Choose one answer.

a. diltiazem (Cardizem) b. verapamil (Calan) c. lidocaine d. adenosine (Adenocard)

A patient is taking intravenous aminophylline for a severe exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Whichfinding would the nurse expect when evaluating for a therapeutic response to the medication?Choose one answer.

a. Increased work of breathing b. Increased heart rate c. Increased respiratory rate d. Increased ease of breathing

A 12-month-old infant has received an MMR II (measles, mumps, and rubella virus vaccine), and her mother calls the clinicthat afternoon to ask about helping her fussy infant to "feel better." What should the nurse suggest?Choose one answer.

a. Apply an ice pack to the injection site. b. Give the infant baby aspirin for the pain. c. Apply warm compresses to the injection site. d. Observe the site for further swelling and redness.

Antihypertensive drug therapy for a newly diagnosed, stage 1 hypertensive African American patient wouldmost likely include which drug or drug classes?Choose one answer.

a. Vasodilators alone b. ACE inhibitors alone c. Calcium channel blockers with thiazide diuretic d. Beta-blockers with thiazide diuretic

A patient with end-stage renal failure has been admitted to the hospital for severe anemia. She is refusing blood transfusions.The nurse anticipates drug therapy with which drug to stimulate the production of red blood cells?Choose one answer.

a. filgrastim (Neupogen) b. oprelvekin [IL-11] (Neumega) c. epoetin alfa (Epogen) d. folic acid

A patient has been taking digoxin at home but has taken an accidental overdose and has developed toxicity. He has beenadmitted to the telemetry unit where the physician has ordered digoxin immune Fab (Digibind). The patient asks the nursewhy the medication is ordered. What is the nurse's best response?Choose one answer.

a. "It works faster than digoxin." b. "It is safer than digoxin and can be taken orally." c. "It helps to convert the irregular heart rhythm to a more normal rhythm." d. "This drug is an antidote to digoxin and will help to lower the blood levels."

A patient about to receive his morning dose of digoxin has an apical pulse of 70 beats per minute. What will the nurse do?Choose one answer.

a. Administer the dose. b. Administer the dose and notify the physician. c. Check the radial pulse for 1 full minute. d. Withhold the dose and notify the physician.

What action is recommended to help reduce the tolerance to transdermal nitroglycerin therapy thatcommonly develops?Choose one answer.

a. Omit a dose once a week. b. Leave the patch on for 2 days at a time. c. Cut the patch in half for a week until the tolerance subsides. d. Remove the patch at bedtime, then apply a new one in the morning.

The nurse is giving intravenous nitroglycerin to a patient who has just been admitted because of an acute myocardialinfarction. Which statement is true regarding the administration of the intravenous form of this medication?Choose one answer.

a. Specific nonpolyvinylchloride (non-PVC) plastic intravenous bags and tubing must be used. b. It is stable for only 24 hours after preparation. c. It can be given in infusions with other medications. d. The solution will be slightly colored green or blue.

A patient with multiple sclerosis will be starting immunosuppressant therapy. The nurse expects that whichdrug will be used?Choose one answer.

a. azathioprine (Imuran) b. glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) c. daclizumab (Zenapax) d. sirolimus (Rapamune)

When a patient is taking cisplatin (Platinol AQ) chemotherapy, for which effects will the nurse monitor?Choose one answer.

a. Tinnitus and hearing loss b. An increase in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels c. Cardiac toxicity d. Elevated glucose and ketone levels

A 53-year-old man has been admitted for evaluation of chest pain. He has been diagnosed with angina and will be given aprescription for sublingual nitroglycerin tablets. When teaching the patient how to use sublingual nitroglycerin, whatinstruction should the nurse include?Choose one answer.

a. Take up to five doses at 15-minute intervals for an angina attack. b. If the tablet does not dissolve quickly, chew the tablet for maximal effect. c. If the chest pain is not relieved after one tablet, call 911 immediately to activate emergency medical services. d. Wait 1 minute between doses of sublingual tablets, up to three doses.

The nurse knows that an antitussive drug would be most appropriate for which patient?Choose one answer.

a. A patient with pneumonia who has a productive cough b. A patient who has a tracheostomy and thick mucus secretions c. A patient who has had a productive cough for 2 weeks d. A patient who has developed bronchitis 2 days after hernia repair surgery

The nurse notes that a patient is taking muromonab-CD3 (OKT3) and knows that an advantage of this drugover the newer drugs, such as basiliximab (Zenapax) and sirolimus (Rapamune), is that muromonab-CD3Choose one answer.

a. has fewer adverse effects. b. is given in oral form only; the others are parenteral drugs. c. is the only drug indicated for organ transplant rejection. d. can be used for its antiinflammatory effects as well.

A patient has an order for the monoclonal antibody adalimumab (Humira). The nurse notes that the patientdoes not have a history of cancer. What is another possible reason for administering this drug?Choose one answer.

a. Severe anemia b. Rheumatoid arthritis c. Hypothyroidism d. Osteoporosis

When starting a patient on antidysrhythmic therapy, the nurse should remember that which problem is apotential adverse effect of any antidysrhythmic drug?Choose one answer.

a. Deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins b. Hyperkalemia c. Heart failure d. Dysrhythmias

A patient with severe liver disease is receiving the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, captopril(Capoten). The nurse is aware that the advantage of this drug for this patient is that captoprilChoose one answer.

a. is a prodrug and is metabolized by the liver before becoming active. b. is not a prodrug and does not need to be metabolized by the liver before becoming active. c. rarely causes first-dose hypotensive effects. d. has little effect on electrolyte levels.

If extravasation of an antineoplastic drug occurs during intravenous (IV) administration, what is the nurse'sbest immediate response?Choose one answer.

a. Reduce the infusion rate. b. Discontinue the IV and apply warm compresses. c. Change the infusion to normal saline, and inject the area with hydrocortisone. d. Stop the infusion immediately, but leave the IV tube in place for administration of an antidote.

During a routine checkup, a patient states that she is unable to take the prescribed antihistamine because of one of its mostcommon adverse effects. The nurse suspects that which adverse effect has been bothering this patient?Choose one answer.

a. Diarrhea b. Urticaria c. Drowsiness d. Decreased libido

6a

c. lidocaine a. guaifenesin (Mucinex)

c. Apply warm compresses to the injectionsite.

d. Increased ease of breathing

c. epoetin alfa (Epogen) c. Calcium channel blockers with thiazidediuretic

a. Administer the dose. d. "This drug is an antidote to digoxin andwill help to lower the blood levels."

a. Specific nonpolyvinylchloride (non-PVC)plastic intravenous bags and tubing must

be used.

d. Remove the patch at bedtime, then applya new one in the morning.

a. Tinnitus and hearing loss b. glatiramer acetate (Copaxone)

d. A patient who has developed bronchitis2 days after hernia repair surgery

c. If the chest pain is not relieved after onetablet, call 911 immediately to activate

emergency medical services.

b. Rheumatoid arthritis c. is the only drug indicated for organtransplant rejection.

b. is not a prodrug and does not need to bemetabolized by the liver before becoming

active.

d. Dysrhythmias

c. Drowsiness d. Stop the infusion immediately, but leavethe IV tube in place for administration of

an antidote.

6b

A patient arrives in the emergency department with severe chest pain. She says she has had pain off and onfor a week now. Which assessment finding would indicate the need for cautious use of nitrates and nitrites?Choose one answer.

a. Blood pressure of 98/68 mm Hg b. History of liver disease c. History of heart failure d. History of a myocardial infarction 2 years ago

While assessing a patient who is receiving intravenous digitalis, the nurse recognizes that the drug has anegative chronotropic effect. How would this drug effect be evident in the patient?Choose one answer.

a. Increased heart rate b. Decreased heart rate c. Decreased conduction d. Increased ectopic beats

A patient is receiving a third session of chemotherapy with daunorubicin (Adriamycin). The nurse will assessthe patient for which signs of a potential severe toxic effect of this drug?Choose one answer.

a. A weight gain of 2 pounds or more in 24 hours b. Decreased blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels c. Tinnitus and hearing loss d. Increasing dyspnea

A patient is receiving her third course of 5-fluorouracil therapy and knows that stomatitis is a potentialadverse effect of antineoplastic therapy. What will the nurse teach her about this problem?Choose one answer.

a. Aspirin should be taken to prevent the development of stomatitis. b. She should watch for and report black, tarry stools immediately. c. She should increase her intake of foods containing fiber and citric acid. d. She should examine her mouth daily for bleeding, painful areas and ulcerations.

During a patient's therapy with interleukins, the nurse monitors the patient for capillary leak syndrome.Which assessment finding would indicate this problem?Choose one answer.

a. Decreased renal output b. Wheezing and a dry cough c. Bruising on the skin d. Severe peripheral edema

The physician has ordered the adrenergic drug doxazosin (Cardura) for a patient. When providingeducation about this drug, the nurse should include which instructions?Choose one answer.

a. The patient should weigh herself daily and report any weight loss to the physician. b. The patient should increase her potassium intake by eating more bananas and apricots. c. The impaired taste associated with the medication usually goes away in 2 to 3 weeks. d. The patient should take her first dose while lying down because there is a first-dose hypertensive effect.

Just before the second course of chemotherapy, the lab calls to report that a patient's absolute neutrophilcount is 600 cells/mm3. The nurse expects that the oncologist will follow which course of treatment?Choose one answer.

a. Chemotherapy will continue as scheduled. b. Chemotherapy will resume with a lowered dosage. c. Chemotherapy will be withheld until the neutrophil count returns toward normal levels. d. Chemotherapy will resume after a transfusion of neutrophils.

A calcium channel blocker (CCB) is prescribed for a patient, and the nurse provides instructions to thepatient about the medication. What does the nurse tell the patient?Choose one answer.

a. The tablet should be chewed for faster release of the medication. b. To increase the effect of the drug, take it with grapefruit juice. c. If the adverse effects of chest pain, fainting, or dyspnea occur, discontinue the medication immediately. d. A high-fiber diet with plenty of fluids will help prevent the constipation that may occur.

The nurse is conducting a class on potential bioterrorism agents, and a participant asks, "Which one hasthree routes of exposure to humans?" Which agent will the nurse indicate?Choose one answer.

a. Anthrax b. Smallpox c. Botulism d. Tularemia

One patient has cancer of the bone; another has cancer in the connective tissues of his leg muscles; a thirdpatient has cancer in her vascular tissues. These patients have in common a type of tumor referred to as aChoose one answer.

a. sarcoma. b. leukemia. c. carcinoma. d. lymphoma.

A patient who has received chemotherapy has a critically low platelet count. Which drug may be used tostimulate platelet cell production?Choose one answer.

a. filgrastim (Neupogen) b. interferons c. oprelvekin (Neumega) d. epoetin alfa (Epogen)

When evaluating a patient's use of a metered dose inhaler, the nurse notes that the patient is unable to coordinate theactivation of the inhaler with her breathing. What intervention would be most appropriate at this time?Choose one answer.

a. Notify the doctor that the patient is unable to use the inhaler. b. Obtain an order for a peak flow meter. c. Obtain an order for a spacer device. d. Ask the physician if the medication can be given orally.

A patient has prescriptions for two inhalers. One inhaler is a bronchodilator, and the other is a corticosteroid.Which instruction regarding these inhalers should the nurse give to the patient?Choose one answer.

a. "The corticosteroid should be taken first." b. "The bronchodilator should be taken first." c. "The two drugs should be taken at least 2 hours apart." d. "The order of administration does not matter with these two drugs."

A patient is taking procainamide for cardiac dysrhythmia. The nurse will monitor the patient for whichpossible adverse effect?Choose one answer.

a. Tinnitus b. Shortened QT interval c. Constipation d. Nausea and diarrhea

A patient is receiving methotrexate and is experiencing severe bone marrow suppression. The nurse willexpect which intervention to be ordered with this drug to reduce this problem?Choose one answer.

a. A transfusion of whole blood b. leucovorin rescue c. filgrastim (Neupogen) therapy d. epoetin alfa (Epogen) therapy

When applying transdermal nitroglycerin patches, how will the nurse instruct the patient?Choose one answer.

a. "Use any nonhairy area on the body." b. "Use only the chest area for application sites." c. "Temporarily remove the patch if you go swimming." d. "Apply the patch to the same site consistently."

When administering topical nitroglycerin ointment, the nurse should use which technique?Choose one answer.

a. The ointment should be applied on the chest over the heart. b. The ointment should be used only in the case of a mild angina episode. c. The old ointment should be removed before new ointment is applied. d. The ointment should be massaged gently into the skin, then covered with plastic wrap.

A patient is in an urgent-care center with an acute asthma attack. The nurse expects that which medicationwill be used for initial treatment?Choose one answer.

a. An anticholinergic such as ipratropium (Atrovent) b. A leukotriene receptor antagonist such as montelukast (Singulair) c. A beta2 agonist such as albuterol (Proventil) d. A corticosteroid such as fluticasone (Flovent)

The nurse is reviewing principles of immunity. What type of immunity occurs when the body is exposed to a relativelyharmless form of an antigen, which imprints this information on the body's memory bank and stimulates the body's defensesto resist any subsequent exposures?Choose one answer.

a. Artificial active immunity b. Attenuating immunity c. Naturally acquired passive immunity d. Artificially acquired passive immunity

The nurse needs to administer adenosine (Adenocard) to a patient who is experiencing an acute episode ofparoxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. When giving this medication, which is important to remember?Choose one answer.

a. The onset of action occurs in 5 minutes. b. The medication must be given as a slow intravenous (IV) push. c. Asystole may occur for a few seconds after administration. d. The medication has a long half-life, and therefore duration of action is very long.

7a

b. Decreased heart rate a. Blood pressure of 98/68 mm Hg

d. She should examine her mouth daily forbleeding, painful areas and ulcerations.

a. A weight gain of 2 pounds or more in 24hours

d. The patient should take her first dosewhile lying down because there is a first-

dose hypertensive effect.

d. Severe peripheral edema

d. A high-fiber diet with plenty of fluidswill help prevent the constipation that may

occur.

c. Chemotherapy will be withheld until theneutrophil count returns toward normal

levels.

a. sarcoma. a. Anthrax

c. Obtain an order for a spacer device. c. oprelvekin (Neumega)

b. Shortened QT interval b. "The bronchodilator should be takenfirst."

a. "Use any nonhairy area on the body." b. leucovorin rescue

c. A beta2 agonist such as albuterol(Proventil)

c. The old ointment should be removedbefore new ointment is applied.

c. Asystole may occur for a few secondsafter administration.

a. Artificial active immunity

7b

When administering chemotherapy for treatment of cancer, the nurse implements which intervention thattreats or even prevents chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting?Choose one answer.

a. Telling the patient to avoid caffeine while on chemotherapy b. Giving an antiemetic when the chemotherapy is started c. Giving an antiemetic 30 to 60 minutes before the chemotherapy is started. d. Increasing mobility before and during chemotherapy

When monitoring a patient who has diabetes and is receiving a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (Diamox) foredema, the nurse monitors for which possible adverse effect?Choose one answer.

a. Metabolic alkalosis b. Elevated blood glucose c. Hyperkalemia d. Drowsiness

When counseling a male patient about the possible adverse effects of antihypertensive drugs, the nurseshould discuss which potential problem?Choose one answer.

a. Impotence b. Bradycardia c. Increased libido d. Increased weight

Order: You want to give 5mg/kg of ampicillin to a child weighing 65 pounds. How many kilograms does thechild weigh? (Keep answer at nearest 10th of a point).Choose one answer.

a. 29 kg b. 30 kg c. 29.5 kg d. 29.6 kg

When reviewing the list of medications taken by a patient who will be receiving a new prescription fordigoxin, the nurse would be concerned about which medication that may interact with the digoxin?Choose one answer.

a. aspirin b. acetaminophen (Tylenol) c. furosemide (Lasix) d. vitamin K

During a teaching session for a patient on antithyroid drugs, the nurse should discuss which dietaryinstructions?Choose one answer.

a. Using iodized salt when cooking b. Avoiding foods containing iodine c. Increasing fluid intake to 2500 mL per day d. Increasing intake of sodium- and potassium-containingfoods

When administering cyclosporine, the nurse notes that allopurinol has also been ordered. The nurse is awarethat the rationale for the allopurinol order in this situation is toChoose one answer.

a. decrease the adverse effects of the cyclosporine. b. enhance the action of the cyclosporine. c. reduce the patient's uric acid levels. d. reduce the joint pain caused by the cyclosporine.

Order: You want to give 5mg/kg of ampicillin Q8HR to a child weighing 65 pounds. If there is 25mg/ml onhand, how many mls will you give per dose?Choose one answer.

a. 6 mls b. 5.9 mls c. 5.92 mls d. 5.8 mls

A patient is in the urgent care center after experiencing a black widow spider bite. The nurse expects whichto be used to treat this injury?Choose one answer.

a. Live vaccine b. Antivenin or antisera c. Tetanus immune globulin d. Active immunizing drug

A patient who has AIDS has lost weight and is easily fatigued because of his malnourished state. The nurseanticipates using which antinausea drug to stimulate his appetite?Choose one answer.

a. aprepitant (Emend), a substance P/NK1 receptor antagonist b. dronabinol (Marinol), a tetrahydrocannabinoid c. ondansetron (Zofran), a serotonin blocker d. metoclopramide (Reglan), a prokinetic drug

A patient has a new order for an ipratropium (Atrovent) inhaler, an anticholinergic drug. The nurse knows toassess for an allergy to which food before giving this drug?Choose one answer.

a. Shellfish b. Wheat c. Peanuts d. Eggs

A patient with motion sickness is planning a cross-country car trip to attend a family reunion. He has a prescription for ascopolamine transdermal patch (Transderm-Scop). The nurse should instruct the patient that the patch should be changedChoose one answer.

a. every day. b. every other day. c. every 3 days. d. only if it stops working.

The nurse is reviewing the classes of antidysrhythmic drugs. Amiodarone (Cordarone) is classified on theVaughan Williams classification as a class III drug, which means it works byChoose one answer.

a. blocking slow calcium channels. b. prolonging action potential duration. c. blocking sodium channels and affecting phase 0. d. decreasing spontaneous depolarization and affecting phase 4.

The nurse notes in the patient's medication orders that the patient is taking the tocolytic drugs terbutaline(Brethine). Based on this finding, the nurse interprets that the drug has been ordered for which problem?Choose one answer.

a. Prevention of preterm labor in the 15th week of pregnancy b. Prevention of preterm labor in the 22nd week of pregnancy c. Stimulation of contractions in prolonged labor d. Stimulation of ovulation as part of infertility treatments

Before an injection of monoclonal antibodies is given, the nurse will prepare to administer which additionaldrug to minimize adverse reactions to the monoclonal antibodies?Choose one answer.

a. An NSAID b. Acetaminophen c. An opioid pain reliever d. Methylprednisolone sodium succinate

The nurse is administering lispro insulin (Humalog) and should keep in mind that this insulin will start tohave an effect within which time frame?Choose one answer.

a. 15 minutes b. 1 to 2 hours c. 80 minutes d. 3 to 5 hours

A gardener needs a decongestant because of seasonal allergy problems and asks the nurse whether he should take an oralform or a nasal spray. The nurse's answer considers that one benefit of orally administered decongestants isChoose one answer.

a. immediate onset. b. a more potent effect. c. a rare occurrence of rebound congestion. d. reduced adverse effects of restlessness and nervousness.

A patient has a deficiency in clotting factors. The nurse will prepare to administer which blood product?Choose one answer.

a. Cryoprecipitate b. Fresh frozen plasma c. Packed red blood cells (PRBCs) d. Plasma protein fractions

After receiving a nebulizer treatment with a beta-agonist, a patient complains of feeling slightly nervous andwonders if her asthma is getting worse. What is the nurse's best response?Choose one answer.

a. "This is an expected side effect. Let me take your pulse." b. "The next scheduled nebulizer treatment should be skipped." c. "I will notify the physician about this adverse effect." d. "We will hold the treatment for 24 hours."

A woman has been receiving both radiation and chemotherapy for her cancer. Lately, she has developed anorexia caused bythe treatments, so she needs short-term nutrition supplementation. The nurse anticipates that the physician will initiate whichtherapy?Choose one answer.

a. Central total parenteral nutrition (TPN) b. Peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN) c. Oral nutrition supplementation d. Nasogastric enteral supplementation

8a

b. Elevated blood glucose c. Giving an antiemetic 30 to 60 minutesbefore the chemotherapy is started.

c. 29.5 kg a. Impotence

b. Avoiding foods containing iodine c. furosemide (Lasix)

b. 5.9 mls b. enhance the action of the cyclosporine.

b. dronabinol (Marinol), atetrahydrocannabinoid

b. Antivenin or antisera

c. every 3 days. c. Peanuts

b. Prevention of preterm labor in the 22ndweek of pregnancy

b. prolonging action potential duration.

a. 15 minutes d. Methylprednisolone sodium succinate

b. Fresh frozen plasma c. a rare occurrence of rebound congestion.

b. Peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN) a. "This is an expected side effect. Let metake your pulse."

8b

Nicotinic acid (Niacin) is prescribed for a patient with elevated lipid levels. The nurse informs the patient that which adverseeffects may occur with this medication?Choose one answer.

a. Pruritus, cutaneous flushing b. Tinnitus, urine with a burnt odor c. Myalgia, fatigue d. Blurred vision, headaches

A patient with a history of alcohol abuse has been admitted for severe weakness and malnutrition. The nursewill prepare to administer which vitamin preparation to prevent Wernicke's encephalopathy?Choose one answer.

a. vitamin B3 (niacin) b. vitamin B1 (thiamine) c. vitamin B2 (riboflavin) d. vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)

When administering a bulk-forming laxative, the nurse instructs the patient to drink the medication mixedin a full unce glass of water. Which statement best explains the rationale for this instruction?Choose one answer.

a. There will be fewer systemic effects. b. The water will help to reduce the bulk of the intestinal contents. c. These laxatives may cause esophageal obstruction if taken with insufficient water. d. The water acts as a lubricant to produce bowel movements.

A patient is receiving finasteride (Proscar) for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The nurse shouldtell him that a possible effect of this medication isChoose one answer.

a. alopecia. b. increased hair growth. c. urinary retention. d. increased prostate size.

The nurse is teaching a group of patients about self-administration of insulin. What teaching is important toinclude?Choose one answer.

a. Patients should use the injection site that is the most accessible. b. During times of illness, patients should increase their insulin dosage by 25%. c. When mixing insulins, the cloudy (such as NPH) insulin should be drawn up into the syringe first. d. When mixing insulins, the clear (such as Regular) insulin should be drawn up into the syringe first.

The nurse knows that the major difference between diphenoxylate with atropine (Lomotil) and the over-the-counter drug loperamide (Imodium) is thatChoose one answer.

a. Lomotil acts faster. b. Imodium does not cause physical dependence. c. Lomotil is available as a parenteral form. d. Imodium is a natural antidiarrheal drug.

The nurse recognizes that use of estrogen drugs is contraindicated in which of the following patients?Choose one answer.

a. A patient who has atrophic vaginitis b. A patient who has inoperable prostate cancer c. A woman who has just given birth and wants to prevent postpartum lactation d. A woman with a history of thrombophlebitis

After starting treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus 6 months earlier, a patient is in the office for a follow-up examination.Which laboratory test will best reflect the patient's adherence to the antidiabetic therapy over the past few months?Choose one answer.

a. Hemoglobin levels b. Hemoglobin A1C level c. Fingerstick fasting blood glucose level d. Serum insulin levels

The nurse will prepare to give which preparation to a newborn upon arrival in the nursery after delivery?Choose one answer.

a. vitamin B3 (niacin) b. vitamin D (calciferol) c. vitamin A (Aquasol A) d. vitamin K (AquaMEPHYTON)

A patient has received too much warfarin (Coumadin). The nurse will prepare to give which antidote forwarfarin toxicity?Choose one answer.

a. vitamin E b. vitamin K c. protamine sulfate d. potassium phosphate

A patient who is taking propylthiouracil (PTU) for hyperthyroidism wants to know how this medicine works.What should the nurse explain to her?Choose one answer.

a. It blocks the action of thyroid hormone. b. It impedes the formation of thyroid hormone. c. It destroys overactive cells in the thyroid gland. d. It inactivates already existing thyroid hormone in the bloodstream.

The nurse notes that a patient has excessive and painful gas. The nurse checks the patient's medicationorders and prepares to administer which drug for this problem?Choose one answer.

a. famotidine (Pepcid) b. aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide (Maalox or Mylanta) c. calcium carbonate (Tums) d. Simethicone (Mylicon)

Order: You want to give 5mg/kg of ampicillin Q8HR to a child weighing 65 pounds. If there is 25mg/ml onhand, how many total mls will you give in 24 hours?Choose one answer.

a. 18 mls b. 17.7 mls c. 17.76 mls d. 17.4 mls

A 73-year-old man is asking for a prescription for sildenafil (Viagra). He has listed on his health history that he is taking anitrate for angina. The nurse is aware that which problem may occur if sildenafil is taken with a nitrate?Choose one answer.

a. Significant increase in blood pressure b. Significant decrease in blood pressure c. Significant increase in bleeding tendencies d. Reduction in the effectiveness of the sildenafil

The nurse expects that a patient is experiencing undersecretion of adrenocortical hormones when whichcondition is found upon assessment?Choose one answer.

a. Osteoporosis b. Steroid psychosis c. Dehydration and weight loss d. Water retention

Order: You want to give 5mg/kg of ampicillin to a child weighing 65 pounds. How many milligrams wouldyou give?Choose one answer.

a. 147.5 mg b. 145 mg c. 148 mg d. 150 mg

The nurse is planning to transfuse a patient with a unit of packed red blood cells (PRBCs). Which patientwould be best treated with this transfusion?Choose one answer.

a. A patient with a coagulation disorder b. A patient with severe anemia c. A patient who has lost a massive amount of blood after emergency surgery d. A patient who has a clotting-factor deficiency

When giving nutrition supplements, the nurse keeps in mind that the most common side effect isChoose one answer.

a. diarrhea. b. constipation. c. fluid overload. d. peptic ulcer disease.

Order: You want to give 5mg/kg of ampicillin to a child weighing 65 pounds. How many mls will you give ifthere is 50mg/ml on hand?Choose one answer.

a. 3 mls b. 2.9 mls c. 2.96 mls d. 2.95 mls

Furosemide (Lasix) is prescribed for a patient who is about to be discharged, and the nurse provides instructions to thepatient about the medication. Which statement by the nurse is correct?Choose one answer.

a. "Keep a weekly journal or log of your weight." b. "Avoid foods high in potassium, such as bananas, oranges, fresh vegetables, and dates." c. "If you experience weight gain, such as five or more pounds a week, be sure to tell your physician during your next routinevisit." d. "Be sure to change your position slowly and rise slowly after sitting or lying so as to prevent dizziness and possiblefainting because of blood pressure changes."

9a

b. vitamin B1 (thiamine) a. Pruritus, cutaneous flushing

b. increased hair growth. c. These laxatives may cause esophagealobstruction if taken with insufficient

water.

b. Imodium does not cause physicaldependence.

d. When mixing insulins, the clear (such asRegular) insulin should be drawn up into

the syringe first.

b. Hemoglobin A1C level d. A woman with a history ofthrombophlebitis

b. vitamin K d. vitamin K (AquaMEPHYTON)

d. Simethicone (Mylicon) b. It impedes the formation of thyroidhormone.

b. Significant decrease in blood pressure b. 17.7 mls

a. 147.5 mg c. Dehydration and weight loss

a. diarrhea. b. A patient with severe anemia

d. "Be sure to change your position slowly and riseslowly after sitting or lying so as to prevent dizzinessand possible fainting because of blood pressurechanges."

b. 2.9 mls

9b

A 75-year-old woman comes into the clinic with the complaint of indigestion, stomach pain, and frequent belching. She tellsthe nurse that she has been taking sodium bicarbonate 5 or 6 times a day for the past 3 weeks. The nurse knows that whichpossible hazard exists with the use of sodium bicarbonate?Choose one answer.

a. Constipation may occur with continuous use. b. Metabolic acidosis may result from excessive use. c. Metabolic alkalosis may result from excessive use. d. It stimulates the stomach to secrete excess mucus.

When a patient is receiving diuretic therapy, which of the following would best reflect the patient's fluidvolume status?Choose one answer.

a. Blood pressure and pulse b. Serum potassium and sodium levels c. Intake, output, and daily weight d. Measurements of abdominal girth and calf circumference

When the nurse is teaching a patient who is taking several medications, including twice-daily dosages ofantacids, which instruction is correct?Choose one answer.

a. The medications can be taken with the antacids. b. The antacids should be taken at least 1 hour before or after the other medications. c. The antacids should be taken at least 4 hours apart from the other medications. d. The patient will not be able to take the antacid therapy at this time.

The nurse notes in a patient's medication history that the patient will be taking desmopressin (DDAVP).Based on this finding, the nurse interprets that the patient has which disorder?Choose one answer.

a. Diabetes mellitus b. Diabetes insipidus c. Adrenocortical insufficiency d. Carcinoid tumor

A patient's medication order indicates that he is to receive a dose of cosyntropin (Cortrosyn). The nurse isaware that this drug is used for what problem?Choose one answer.

a. Adrenocortical insufficiency b. Diabetes insipidus c. Myasthenia gravis d. Pituitary dwarfism

A patient reports having adverse effects with nicotinic acid (Niacin). The nurse can suggest that the patientdo which of the following to minimize these undesirable effects?Choose one answer.

a. Take the drug on an empty stomach. b. Take the medication every other day until these effects subside. c. Take small doses of aspirin 30 minutes before taking the nicotinic acid. d. Take the drug with large amounts of fiber.

Levothyroxine (Synthroid) has been prescribed for a patient with hypothyroidism. The nurse provides information to thepatient about the medication and tells the patient to contact the prescriber if which potential adverse effect occurs?Choose one answer.

a. Fatigue b. Constipation c. Palpitations d. Drowsiness

An 8-year-old girl has been diagnosed with true pituitary dwarfism. She is being treated with somatropin. Infollow-up visits, the nurse will monitor for which expected outcome?Choose one answer.

a. Increased growth b. Decreased urinary output c. Increased muscle strength d. Increased height when she reaches puberty

A patient with risk factors for coronary artery disease asks the nurse about the "good cholesterol" laboratoryvalues. The nurse knows that this term refers to which of the following?Choose one answer.

a. Chylomicrons b. Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) c. High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) d. Very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs)

A patient is receiving an intravenous infusion of heparin. The nurse will monitor which laboratory studies toadjust and monitor the dose of the heparin?Choose one answer.

a. Bleeding times b. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) c. Prothrombin time-international normalized ratio (PT-INR) d. Vitamin K levels

A patient is to receive testosterone therapy via a transdermal patch. He asks the nurse, "Why am I getting apatch? Can't I just take a pill?" What is the nurse's best response?Choose one answer.

a. "The patch allows for blood levels to increase quickly." b. "If you don't take the patch, you will have to have injections instead." c. "Oral forms are not absorbed well by the body. The patch allows for better absorption of the medication." d. "You will only have to wear the patch weekly."

The nurse is administering adrenal drugs to a patient. Which of the following actions is appropriate for this patient?Choose one answer.

a. Administering oral drugs before meals to maximize absorption b. Rinsing the oral cavity after using steroid inhalers c. Administering the corticosteroids before bedtime to minimize adrenal suppression d. Discontinuing the medication immediately if a weight gain of more than 5 pounds in 1 week is experienced

A patient is about to undergo a diagnostic bowel procedure. The nurse expects which drug to be used toinduce total cleansing of the bowel?Choose one answer.

a. polyethylene glycol (GoLYTELY) b. docusate (Colace) c. mineral oil (Kondremul Plain) d. magnesium hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia)

After a severe auto accident, a patient has been taken to the trauma unit and has an estimated blood loss ofmore than 30% of his blood volume. The nurse prepares to administer which product?Choose one answer.

a. Fresh frozen plasma b. Albumin c. Packed red blood cells d. Whole blood

A patient is concerned about the body changes that have resulted from long-term prednisone therapy for the treatment oflupus erythematosus. Which effect of this drug therapy would be present to support the nursing diagnosis of disturbed bodyimage?Choose one answer.

a. Weight loss b. Weight gain c. Pale skin color d. Loss of hair

A patient has been receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Upon assessment, the nurse notes that his blood pressure iselevated, his pulse is weak and elevated, he seems confused, and he has new pitting edema around his ankles. Whichcondition does the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing?Choose one answer.

a. Hyperglycemia b. Hypoglycemia c. Infection d. Fluid overload

When considering the various types of contraceptive drugs, the nurse is aware that which type most closelyduplicates the normal hormonal levels of the female menstrual cycle?Choose one answer.

a. Monophasic b. Biphasic c. Triphasic d. Long-acting

A patient has been prescribed warfarin (Coumadin) in addition to a heparin infusion. The nurse recognizes that the reasonfor the two anticoagulants is which of the following?Choose one answer.

a. The oral and injection forms work synergistically. b. The combination of heparin and an oral anticoagulant results in fewer adverse effects than heparin used alone. c. Oral anticoagulants are used to reach an adequate level of anticoagulation when heparin alone is unable to do so. d. Heparin is used to start anticoagulation so as to allow time for the blood levels of warfarin to reach adequate levels.

A patient who has been newly diagnosed with vertigo will be taking an antihistamine-antiemetic drug. Thenurse will include which information when teaching the patient about this drug?Choose one answer.

a. Doses may be skipped if she is feeling well. b. The patient should avoid driving because of possible drowsiness. c. The patient may experience transient taste problems. d. It is safe to take it with a glass of wine in the evening to help settle her stomach.

The nurse is reviewing conditions caused by nutrient deficiencies. Conditions such as infantile rickets,tetany, and osteomalacia are caused by a deficiency in which vitamin or mineral?Choose one answer.

a. Vitamin D b. Vitamin K c. Magnesium d. Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12)

10a

c. Intake, output, and daily weight c. Metabolic alkalosis may result fromexcessive use.

b. Diabetes insipidus b. The antacids should be taken at least 1hour before or after the other medications.

c. Take small doses of aspirin 30 minutesbefore taking the nicotinic acid.

a. Adrenocortical insufficiency

a. Increased growth c. Palpitations

b. Activated partial thromboplastin time(aPTT)

c. High-density lipoproteins (HDLs)

b. Rinsing the oral cavity after usingsteroid inhalers

c. "Oral forms are not absorbed well by thebody. The patch allows for better

absorption of the medication."

d. Whole blood a. polyethylene glycol (GoLYTELY)

d. Fluid overload b. Weight gain

d. Heparin is used to start anticoagulationso as to allow time for the blood levels ofwarfarin to reach adequate levels.

c. Triphasic

a. Vitamin D b. The patient should avoid driving becauseof possible drowsiness.

10b

A 72-year-old man has a new prescription for an anticholinergic drug. He is an active man and enjoys outdoor activities,such as hiking, golfing, and doing his own yard work. What should the nurse emphasize to him during the teaching sessionabout his drug therapy?Choose one answer.

a. Drowsiness may interfere with his outdoor activities. b. Increased salivation may occur during exercise and outside activities. c. Fluid volume deficits may occur as a result of an increased incidence of diarrhea. d. He should take measures to reduce the occurrence of heat stroke during his activities.

A patient is to receive iron dextran injections. Which technique will the nurse use to administer thismedication safely?Choose one answer.

a. Intravenous administration mixed with 5% dextrose b. Intramuscular injection in the upper arm c. Intramuscular injection using the Z-track method d. Subcutaneous injection into the abdomen

When a patient is receiving a second-generation antipsychotic drug, such as risperidone (Risperdal), thenurse should monitor for which therapeutic effect?Choose one answer.

a. Sedation b. Decreased paranoia and delusions c. Decreased feeling of hopelessness d. Fewer suicidal ideations

A patient has been taking haloperidol (Haldol) for 3 months for a psychotic disorder, and the nurse is concerned about thedevelopment of extrapyramidal symptoms. The nurse will monitor the patient closely for which effects?Choose one answer.

a. Cogwheel rigidity b. Drowsiness and dizziness c. Tremors and muscle twitching d. Dry mouth, constipation, and blurred vision

When giving an anticholinergic drug, the nurse should monitor for which side effect from this drug?Choose one answer.

a. Excessive urination b. Diaphoresis c. Dry mouth d. Pupillary constriction

An 18-year-old basketball player fell and twisted his ankle during a game. The nurse will expect to administerwhich type of analgesic?Choose one answer.

a. Synthetic opioid, such as meperidine b. Opium alkaloid, such as morphine sulfate c. Opioid antagonist, such as naloxone HCL d. Nonopioid analgesic, such as indomethacin

The nurse is reviewing the dosage schedule for several different antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Whichantiepileptic drug allows for once-a-day dosing?Choose one answer.

a. tiagabine (Gabitril) b. phenobarbital (Solfoton) c. valproic acid (Depakote) d. rabapentin (Neurontin)

The surgical nurse is ready to perform a skin prep with povidone-iodine (Betadine) on a patient who is about to haveabdominal surgery. The nurse checks the patient's medical record for which allergies, if present, that would be acontraindication to the Betadine prep?Choose one answer.

a. Peanuts b. Shellfish c. Penicillin d. Latex

A patient taking entacapone (Comtan) for the first time calls the clinic to report a dark discoloration of hisurine. After listening to the patient, the nurse realizes that what is happening in this situation?Choose one answer.

a. This is a harmless effect of the drug. b. The patient has taken this drug along with red wine or cheese. c. The patient is having an allergic reaction to the drug. d. The patient has most likely taken extra drug doses.

A 58-year-old man has had a myocardial infarction (MI), has begun rehabilitation, and is ready for discharge. He is givena prescription for metoprolol (Lopressor), and he becomes upset. "I don't have high blood pressure-why did my doctor giveme this medicine?" The nurse explains to him thatChoose one answer.

a. this medication prevents emboli that may lead to another MI. b. beta-blockers will improve blood flow to the kidneys. c. it is being prescribed to prevent the hypertension that often occurs post-MI. d. studies have shown that this medication has greatly increased survival rates in patients after an MI.

The nurse should teach a patient who is receiving oral iron supplements to watch for which expected sideeffect?Choose one answer.

a. Palpitations b. Dizziness and syncope c. black, tarry stools d. Red discoloration of the urine

The nurse is teaching a session on eating foods to increase iron intake. Which food will enhance theabsorption of oral iron forms?Choose one answer.

a. Milk b. Yogurt c. Antacids d. Orange juice

A patient is going home with a new prescription for the beta-blocker atenolol (Tenormin). The nurse shouldinclude which content when teaching the patient about this drug?Choose one answer.

a. Never stop taking this medication abruptly. b. The medication should be stopped once symptoms subside. c. If adverse effects occur, skip a dose for a "drug holiday." d. Be watchful for first-dose hypotension.

A patient is receiving eardrops that contain both an antibiotic and a corticosteroid. The nurse knows that thecorticosteroid is commonly used in combination with otic antibiotics toChoose one answer.

a. help soften and eliminate cerumen. b. reduce pain associated with ear infections. c. act as an antifungal drug in certain types of ear infections. d. reduce the inflammation and itching associated with ear infections.

A patient has been given a prescription for levodopa-carbidopa (Sinemet) for her newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease. Sheasks the nurse, "Why are there two drugs in this pill?" The nurse's best response reflects which fact?Choose one answer.

a. Levodopa alone cannot cross the blood-brain barrier. b. There is really no difference between the two drugs. c. The combination drug is more efficient in increasing the dopamine level in the brain. d. There are concerns about drug-food interactions with levodopa therapy that do not exist with the combination therapy.

A mother has been giving her 6-year-old son pseudoephedrine (Afrin) nose drops four times a day for 2 weeks. She says thatat first his congestion seemed to get better, but now "his cold is worse than ever" since she stopped giving him the drops.What should the nurse explain to her?Choose one answer.

a. Nose drops lose their effectiveness over time. b. The nose drops were no match for the virulent cold viruses that are prevalent this season. c. Her son developed an addiction to the nose drops, which caused excessive drainage when the medication was stopped. d. Excessive use of nasal decongestants can lead to greater congestion because of a rebound effect that occurs when theproduct is stopped.

When administering a neuromuscular blocking drug such as pancuronium (Pavulon), the nurse needs toremember which principle?Choose one answer.

a. It can be used instead of general anesthesia during surgery. b. Only skeletal muscles are paralyzed; respiratory muscles remain functional. c. It causes sedation and pain relief while allowing for lower doses of anesthetics. d. Patients will require artificial mechanical ventilation because of paralyzed respiratory muscles.

The nurse has given medication instructions to a patient receiving phenytoin (Dilantin). Which statement bythe patient will lead the nurse to determine that the patient has an adequate understanding?Choose one answer.

a. "I will need to take extra care of my teeth and gums while on this medication." b. "I can go out for beer while on this medication." c. "I can skip doses if the adverse effects bother me." d. "I will be able to stop taking this drug once the seizures stop."

The nurse is preparing to give a new order for eardrops. Which is a contraindication to the use of oticpreparations?Choose one answer.

a. Escherichia coli infection b. Perforated eardrum c. Staphylococcus aureus infection d. Ear canal itching

A patient has been taking temazepam (Restoril) for intermittent insomnia. She calls the nurse to say that when she takes it,she sleeps well, but the next day she feels "so tired." Which explanation by the nurse is correct?Choose one answer.

a. "Long-term use of this drug results in a sedative effect." b. "If you take the drug every night, this hangover effect will be reduced." c. "These drugs affect the sleep cycle, resulting in a hangover effect." d. "These drugs increase the activity of the central nervous system (CNS), making you tired the next day."

11a

c. Intramuscular injection using the Z-track method

d. He should take measures to reduce theoccurrence of heat stroke during his

activities.

c. Tremors and muscle twitching b. Decreased paranoia and delusions

d. Nonopioid analgesic, such asindomethacin

c. Dry mouth

b. Shellfish d. rabapentin (Neurontin)

d. studies have shown that this medicationhas greatly increased survival rates in

patients after an MI.

a. This is a harmless effect of the drug.

d. Orange juice c. black, tarry stools

d. reduce the inflammation and itchingassociated with ear infections.

a. Never stop taking this medicationabruptly.

d. Excessive use of nasal decongestants can lead togreater congestion because of a rebound effect thatoccurs when the product is stopped.

c. The combination drug is more efficientin increasing the dopamine level in the

brain.

a. "I will need to take extra care of myteeth and gums while on this medication."

d. Patients will require artificialmechanical ventilation because of

paralyzed respiratory muscles.

c. "These drugs affect the sleep cycle,resulting in a hangover effect."

b. Perforated eardrum

11b

A patient who has received some traumatic news is panicking and will be receiving medication. The nurseanticipates giving which type of drug that is most appropriate for this situation?Choose one answer.

a. diazepam (Valium) b. zolpidem (Ambien) c. Phenobarbital (Luminal) d. cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)

A patient who has had abdominal surgery has been discharged on a cholinergic drug to assist in increasinggastrointestinal peristalsis. The nurse should teach this patient to look for which therapeutic effects?Choose one answer.

a. Decreased pulse rate b. Abdominal cramping c. Increased bowel sounds and passage of flatus d. Decreased frequency and urgency of voiding patterns

When teaching a patient about taking a newly prescribed antiepileptic drug (AED) at home, the nurseshould include which instruction?Choose one answer.

a. Driving will be allowed after 2 weeks of therapy. b. If seizures recur, take a double dose of the medication. c. Antacids can be taken with the AED to reduce gastrointestinal adverse effects. d. Regular, consistent dosing is important for successful treatment.

A patient is recovering from abdominal surgery, which he had this morning. He is groggy but complaining of severe painaround his incision. What is the most important thing for the nurse to consider during an assessment before administering adose of morphine sulfate to the patient?Choose one answer.

a. His temperature b. His respiration rate c. The appearance of the incision d. The date of his last bowel movement

A patient is experiencing status epilepticus. The nurse prepares to give which drug of choice for thetreatment of this condition?Choose one answer.

a. diazepam (Valium) b. midazolam (Versed) c. valproic acid (Depakote) d. carbamazepine (Tegretol)

A patient is brought to the emergency department with a severe case of atropine overdose. Which drug willthe nurse expect to administer?Choose one answer.

a. atenolol b. bethanechol c. scopolamine d. physostigmine

The nurse is teaching a patient how to self-administer triptan injections for migraine headaches. Whichstatement by the patient indicates that he needs further teaching?Choose one answer.

a. "I will take this medication to prevent a migraine headache from occurring." b. "I will take this medication when I feel a migraine headache starting." c. "This medication does not reduce the number of migraines I will have." d. "I will keep a journal to record the headaches I have and how the injections are working."

A patient will be discharged with a 1-week supply of an opioid analgesic for pain management afterabdominal surgery. The nurse should include which information in the teaching plan?Choose one answer.

a. Management of diarrhea b. Drug addiction programs c. Prevention of constipation d. Dehydration due to polyuria

A 78-year-old patient is in the recovery room after having a lengthy surgery on his hip. As he is gradually awakening, herequests pain medication. Within 10 minutes after receiving a dose of morphine sulfate, he is very lethargic and hisrespirations are shallow, with a rate of 9 per minute. The nurse prepares for which action at this time?Choose one answer.

a. Close observation of signs of opioid tolerance b. Immediate intubation and artificial ventilation c. Administration of naloxone (Narcan), an opioid reversal agent d. Administration of an agonist opioid such as fentanyl

When a patient is taking an anticholinergic such as benztropine (Cogentin) as part of the treatment forParkinson's disease, the nurse should include which information in the teaching plan?Choose one answer.

a. Minimize the amount of fluid taken while on this drug. b. Discontinue the medication immediately if adverse effects occur. c. Take the medication on an empty stomach to enhance absorption. d. Use artificial saliva, sugarless gum, or hard candy to counteract dry mouth.

The nurse is reviewing the medical record of a patient who is to receive wound care with topical silversulfadiazine (silverdine). Which finding, if noted, would be a potential contraindication?Choose one answer.

a. The patient has an open wound in a burn on her arm. b. The patient is allergic to sulfa drugs. c. The patient is allergic to iodine. d. The patient's burn wound has been débrided.

A father calls because his son has head lice. He reports that he has used "that special medicated shampoothree times, but nothing is happening. Now what?" What will the nurse advise first?Choose one answer.

a. Get a prescription for a second product, malathion. b. Try one of the lotion products that remain on the scalp for 8 hours. c. Be sure that he is using a nit comb to remove nits from the hair shafts. d. Comb through the hair with mineral oil to loosen the lice from the hair shafts.

A 49-year-old patient is in the clinic for a follow-up visit 6 months after starting a beta-blocker for treatment ofhypertension. During this visit, his blood pressure is 169/98 mm Hg, and he eventually confesses that he stopped taking thismedicine 2 months ago because of an "embarrassing problem." What problem did he most likely experience with thismedication that caused him to stop taking it?Choose one answer.

a. Urge incontinence b. Dizziness when standing up c. Excessive flatus d. Impotence

A patient is receiving ocular cyclosporine (Restasis) and also has an order for an artificial tears product. Thenurse includes which instructions in the teaching plan for these medications?Choose one answer.

a. "These two eye drugs cannot be given together. Let's check with your physician." b. "You may take these two drugs together at the same time." c. "First take the artificial tears, then you may take the Restasis after 5 minutes." d. "The Restasis should be taken first, then wait 15 minutes before taking the artificial tears."

A 22-year-old nursing student has been taking NoDoz (caffeine) tablets for the past few weeks to "make it through" the endof the semester and exam week. She is in the university clinic today because she is "exhausted." What nursing diagnosis maybe appropriate for her?Choose one answer.

a. Noncompliance b. Impaired physical mobility c. Sleep deprivation d. Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements

A patient has been taking the monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) for 6 months. The patient wants to go to a party andasks the nurse, "Will just one beer be a problem?" What advice should the nurse give to this patient?Choose one answer.

a. Drinking beer is permitted as long as he has a designated driver. b. He can drink beer if it is a low-calorie product. c. If he begins to experience a throbbing headache, rapid pulse, or nausea, he should stop drinking. d. He needs to avoid all foods that contain tyramine, including beer, while taking the MAOI.

A patient has had an overdose of an intravenous cholinergic drug. The nurse should expect to administerwhich drug as an antidote?Choose one answer.

a. atenolol b. bethanechol c. dobutamine d. atropine sulfate

A 50-year-old man who has been taking phenobarbital (Luminal) for 1 week is found unresponsive. His wife states that hehas no other prescriptions and that he did not take an overdose-the correct number of pills is in the bottle. The nurse suspectsthat which of the following may have happened?Choose one answer.

a. He took a multivitamin. b. He drank a glass of wine. c. He took a dose of aspirin. d. He developed an allergy to the drug.

A patient is experiencing a severe anaphylactic reaction to an antibiotic. Which drug will the nurse expect touse to treat this condition?Choose one answer.

a. Ephedra b. Epinephrine c. Phenylephrine d. Pseudoephedrine

A patient has a new prescription for sibutramine (Meridia) as part of the treatment for weight loss. Which information willthe nurse include when teaching this patient about a stimulant such as sibutramine?Choose one answer.

a. This medication should be taken after meals to enhance the effect. b. Taking one glass of wine at night will counteract the stimulant effects and allow sleep. c. Missed doses should be taken with the next meal to maintain sufficient blood levels of the medication. d. Other sources of central nervous system stimulants, such as coffee, tea, and colas, should be avoided while on thismedication.

12a

c. Increased bowel sounds and passage offlatus

a. diazepam (Valium)

b. His respiration rate d. Regular, consistent dosing is importantfor successful treatment.

d. physostigmine a. diazepam (Valium)

c. Prevention of constipation a. "I will take this medication to prevent amigraine headache from occurring."

d. Use artificial saliva, sugarless gum, orhard candy to counteract dry mouth.

c. Administration of naloxone (Narcan), anopioid reversal agent

c. Be sure that he is using a nit comb toremove nits from the hair shafts.

b. The patient is allergic to sulfa drugs.

d. "The Restasis should be taken first, thenwait 15 minutes before taking the artificial

tears."

d. Impotence

d. He needs to avoid all foods that containtyramine, including beer, while taking the

MAOI.

c. Sleep deprivation

b. He drank a glass of wine. d. atropine sulfate

d. Other sources of central nervous systemstimulants, such as coffee, tea, and colas,should be avoided while on this medication.

b. Epinephrine

12b

A patient is brought to the emergency department for treatment of an acute overdose of a barbiturate. Thenurse would expect which intervention?Choose one answer.

a. Starting an intravenous infusion of diluted bicarbonate solution b. Administering medications to decrease blood pressure c. Implementing measures to maintain the airway and support respirations d. Administrating naloxone (Narcan) as an antagonist

An ergot alkaloid is prescribed for a patient who is having frequent migraine headaches. The nurse provides information tothe patient about the medication and tells the patient to contact the prescriber if which adverse problem occurs?Choose one answer.

a. Nervousness b. Dizziness c. Chest pain d. Nausea and vomiting

A patient is undergoing abdominal surgery and has been anesthetized for 3 hours. Which of the following nursingdiagnoses would be appropriate for this patient?Choose one answer.

a. Anxiety related to the use of an anesthetic b. Risk for injury related to increased sensorium from general anesthesia c. Decreased cardiac output related to systemic effects of local anesthesia d. Impaired gas exchange related to central nervous system depression produced by general anesthesia

A patient has been treated with antiparkinsonian medications for 3 months. What therapeutic responsesshould the nurse look for when assessing this patient?Choose one answer.

a. Decreased appetite b. Gradual development of cogwheel rigidity c. Occurrence of adverse effects, such as confusion, anxiety, irritability, and headache d. Improved mental status, as well as improved ability to perform activities of daily living

During the immediate postoperative period, the Post Anesthesia Care Unit nurse is assessing a patient who had hip surgery.The patient is experiencing tachycardia, tachypnea, and muscle rigidity, and his temperature is 103? F (39.4? C). The nursewill prepare for what immediate treatment?Choose one answer.

a. naltrexone hydrochloride (Narcan) injection, an opioid reversal drug b. dantrolene (Dantrium) injection, a skeletal muscle relaxant c. Anticholinesterase drugs, such as neostigmine d. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and intubation

A patient has been taking the corticosteroid dexamethasone (Decadron) but has developed bacterial conjunctivitis and has aprescription for gentamicin ointment. The nurse notes that which interaction is possible if the two drugs are usedconcurrently?Choose one answer.

a. The infection may become systemic. b. The gentamicin effects may become more potent. c. The corticosteroid may cause overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms. d. Immunosuppression may make it more difficult to eliminate the eye infection.

The nurse is providing teaching regarding drug therapy to the husband of a woman with Alzheimer's disease. She wasdiagnosed 3 months ago, has mild memory loss, and will be receiving donepezil (Aricept). What is the drug's action?Choose one answer.

a. Prevents memory loss in later stages b. Reverses the course of Alzheimer's disease c. Provides sedation to prevent agitation and restlessness d. May help to improve the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease

When an adrenergic drug stimulates beta1-adrenergic receptors, the result is an increased force ofcontraction, which is known as a positive _____ effect.Choose one answer.

a. inotropic b. adrenergic c. dromotropic d. chronotropic

During a fishing trip, a patient pierced his finger with a large fishhook. He is now in the emergency department to have itremoved. The nurse anticipates which type of anesthesia will be used for this procedure?Choose one answer.

a. Topical benzocaine spray on the area b. Spinal anesthesia with mepivacaine (Carbocaine) c. Topical prilocaine (EMLA) cream around the site d. Infiltration of the puncture wound with lidocaine (Xylocaine)

13a

c. Implementing measures to maintain theairway and support respirations

c. Chest pain

d. Impaired gas exchange related to centralnervous system depression produced by

general anesthesia

d. Improved mental status, as well asimproved ability to perform activities of

daily living

b. dantrolene (Dantrium) injection, askeletal muscle relaxant

d. Immunosuppression may make it moredifficult to eliminate the eye infection.

d. May help to improve the symptoms ofAlzheimer's disease

a. inotropic

d. Infiltration of the puncture wound withlidocaine (Xylocaine)

13b