Persian Persian WarWar

Also sometimes called the Greco-Also sometimes called the Greco-Persian warPersian war

The Battles of the Persian The Battles of the Persian War…War…

•Ionian Revolt…Ionian Revolt…

•Battle of Marathon…Battle of Marathon…

•Battle of Thermopylae…Battle of Thermopylae…

•Battle of Salamis…Battle of Salamis…

•And.. Battle of Plataea!And.. Battle of Plataea!

Ionian RevoltIonian Revolt

Actions that led the Ionian Actions that led the Ionian RevoltRevolt

The Persians started as a small tribe in Iran.The Persians started as a small tribe in Iran. Persian Archers were skilled. This enabled the Persian Archers were skilled. This enabled the

Persians to conquer many lands. At its height the Persians to conquer many lands. At its height the Persian empire was the largest the world has ever Persian empire was the largest the world has ever known.known.

To rule so large an area the ruler, King Darius, To rule so large an area the ruler, King Darius, divided the empire into provinces.divided the empire into provinces.

King Darius appointed officials to conduct King Darius appointed officials to conduct government business within each province.government business within each province.

In 546 BC the Persians conquered wealthy Greek In 546 BC the Persians conquered wealthy Greek settlements in Ionia.settlements in Ionia.

King Darius in his war King Darius in his war chariotchariot

Map of Persia

Ionian Revolt begins-499 BCIonian Revolt begins-499 BC

After many years of Persian rule, the After many years of Persian rule, the Greek settlers in Ionia had had Greek settlers in Ionia had had enough of the Persians.enough of the Persians.

The Ionians knew they could not The Ionians knew they could not defeat the Persians on their own. defeat the Persians on their own. They asked mainland Greece for They asked mainland Greece for help.help.

Athens to the rescueAthens to the rescue

Athens sent soldiers Athens sent soldiers and a small fleet of and a small fleet of ships to Ionia.ships to Ionia.

The Athenians The Athenians quickly had quickly had success. They left success. They left the Ionians to the Ionians to defend themselves defend themselves against the Persiansagainst the Persians

Aftermath of Ionian revolt King Darius was not at all happy with the revolt in Ionia. (Why

Would he be?) He quickly sent troops to destroy an Ionian city, Miletus.

(Problematic) Some citizens were sold into slavery and the Ionian army

was crushed. At this point King Darius wants to extend his empire into

mainland Greece. King Darius sent a representative to ask for “gifts” of earth

and water from the ancient Greek mainland. These “gifts” would be sign of that the Greeks agreed to

Persian rule.

The Greeks were not happy with this, each messenger was thrown into a well or pit.

“If you want Greek earth and water, help yourselves!”

Battle of Marathon beginsBattle of Marathon begins490 BC490 BC

King Darius King Darius responds by responds by sending a large sending a large army of soldiers army of soldiers across the Aegean across the Aegean Sea.Sea.

These soldiers These soldiers assembled on the assembled on the plain of Marathonplain of Marathon

I thought a marathon was an event in

the Olympics!

Map of the Battle of Marathon

Miltiades an Athenian Miltiades an Athenian generalgeneral

• Miltiades was desperate for help. He Miltiades was desperate for help. He sent a runner, named Pheidippides, to sent a runner, named Pheidippides, to Sparta to ask for help. When Sparta to ask for help. When Pheidippides arrived the Spartans were Pheidippides arrived the Spartans were celebrating a festival. They told celebrating a festival. They told Pheidippides they would come in a few Pheidippides they would come in a few more weeks. Pheidippides had run for 2 more weeks. Pheidippides had run for 2 days and nights!days and nights!

• When Miltiades heard this he had to When Miltiades heard this he had to devise a plan.devise a plan.

Map of Battle

Battle of Marathon videos.

Marathon is considered a decisive historical battle.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ot4PusEalnA&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPinrH-akvc&feature=watch_response

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ng5diP1VISY

The Greeks had a victory against the Persians!!

Battle of Thermopylae 480 BCBattle of Thermopylae 480 BC

King Xerxes, son of the Persian King King Xerxes, son of the Persian King Darius, planned another attack on Greece.Darius, planned another attack on Greece.

King Xerxes sent 180,000 soldiers to King Xerxes sent 180,000 soldiers to Greece. Xerxes planned both a sea and Greece. Xerxes planned both a sea and land attack.land attack.

The Athenian navy would try to stop the The Athenian navy would try to stop the Persian navy, while the Athenians and Persian navy, while the Athenians and Spartans together would try to stop Xerxes Spartans together would try to stop Xerxes on land.on land.

King Leonidas of King Leonidas of Sparta was Sparta was responsible for responsible for stopping the stopping the advancing Persians. advancing Persians. He choose to attack He choose to attack at a narrow pass at a narrow pass between the between the mountains and the mountains and the sea.sea.

King Leonidas

The Famous Battle of Thermopylae

Leonidas had about 7000 soldiers to stop the Persians. When the Persians tried to pass this narrow area the battle began.

However, a Greek traitor revealed a hidden way through the mountains.

A Greek Traitor!A Greek Traitor!

Knowing this hidden Knowing this hidden way allowed the way allowed the Persians to advance Persians to advance quickly.quickly.

Leonidas knew this Leonidas knew this battle could not be battle could not be won. The best he won. The best he could do was delay could do was delay the Persians.the Persians.

He ordered his troops He ordered his troops to escape.to escape.

I would have

gotten away with it!

The bravery of Spartan soldiers

300 soldiers remained at Thermopylae.

Legend says they fought until their deaths. Their goal was to delay the advancing Persian soldiers.

All 300 soldiers perished in the battle.

Battle of Thermopylae

This is a famous battle.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FViLPhmWeLY&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QzsBHUTD8z0&feature=watch_response

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xNNzuO7_l0Q&feature=watch_response

Battle of Salamis 480 Battle of Salamis 480 BCBC Xerxes troops advanced quickly. Xerxes troops advanced quickly.

Within two weeks Athens had Within two weeks Athens had been burned to the ground!been burned to the ground!

Many Athenian citizens had Many Athenian citizens had escaped the city before it was escaped the city before it was destroyed. destroyed.

Now the Athenian navy would Now the Athenian navy would attempt to defeat the Persians.attempt to defeat the Persians.

The Athenian naval leader, Themistocles, tricks the Persians into believing the Athenians are surrendering

►The Persian The Persian ships approach. ships approach. The Athenian The Athenian navy is more navy is more skillful in skillful in handling their handling their boats in the boats in the narrow narrow waterway.waterway. This is an artist conception

of what the meeting of the ships might have looked

like.

Greek Navy to the rescue

The Greek ships had rams at their front.The Greek ships rammed the Persian

boats sending 300 Persian boats to the bottom of the sea.

A fraction of the Greek boats were sunk.Again the Greek people had beaten the

Persians

Battle of Salamis

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nENUmbdsAPw

soft talking personhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v

=543y5pw4Gn0shows the ships with music

Battle of Plataea 479 BCBattle of Plataea 479 BC

Though defeated Xerxes orders his Though defeated Xerxes orders his men to attack Athens again in the men to attack Athens again in the spring.spring.

Athens and Sparta work together to Athens and Sparta work together to defeat the Persian army.defeat the Persian army.

With Spartan leaders 80,000 Greek With Spartan leaders 80,000 Greek soldiers defeated the Persians for the soldiers defeated the Persians for the last time outside the town of Plataea.last time outside the town of Plataea.

The Greeks preserved their The Greeks preserved their independence!independence!

• Additionally the Greeks prevented the Persians from advancing into Europe.

• Athens was completely destroyed, but the city would eventually rise to great glory!

• The Greeks united to defeat an outside enemy.

The EndThe End

Original Work Done By: Mrs. Original Work Done By: Mrs. LaffanLaffan

Thanks to everyone who Thanks to everyone who helped with the creation of helped with the creation of

this PowerPoint!! this PowerPoint!!