Percobaan isdfsdfsfsfdsf

8/19/2019 Percobaan isdfsdfsfsfdsf

1/19

PERCOBAAN I

I. JUDUL

PENGAMATAN ILMIAH DAN STOIKIOMETRI : KClO3II. HARI, TANGGAL

Sabtu, 18 oktober !1"

III. TUJUAN PERCOBAAN

1# Me$%erole& %e'(a$ata' )ala$ $e'*atat )a' $e'+elaka' %e'(a$ata'

%er*obaa'

# Me'(e$ba'(ka' ketera$%-la' )ala$ $e'a'(a'- alat ka*a )a' $e'(al-&ka'

ba&a' k-$-a %a)at $au%u' *a-r

3# Me$b-aaka' )-r- )e'(a' tata *ara keela$ata' ker+a )- laboratur-u$

"# Me'e'tuka' %e'(ura-a' reak- KClO3.# Me'(&-tu'( /olu$e $olar (a ok-(e' %a)a kea)aa' STP

0# Me'(&-tu'( %ere'tae O )ala$ KClO3

IV. PERTANYAAN PRA PRAKTEK 1# De'(a' katakata A')a e')-r- )e2-'--ka' -t-la& ber-kut :

a4 K-$-a

b4 Per*obaa'

*4 H-%ote-

)4 Il$u

e4 Huku$ -l$-a&

24 Meto)e -l$-a&

(4 Teor-

Jawab :

a4 K-$-a : Il$u 5a'( $e$%ela+ar- te'ta'( truktur, ba&a'

)a' %eruba&a'%eruba&a''5a#

b4 Per*obaa' : Peru$ua' $aala&, %e'(u$%ula' )ata )a' %e'el-t-a' erta ke-$%ula'#

*4 H-%ote- : Du(aa' e$e'tara 5a'( $e'+elaka' )ata

%er*obaa'#

)4 Il$u : Teor- -l$-a& 5a'( %at-#

e4 Huku$ -l$-a&: Hubu'(a' beara' )e'(a' beara' la-' )ala$

be'tuk ru$u a(ar $u)a& )-%a&a$-#

24 Meto)e -l$-a&: Tata'a' %roe uatu %eruba&a' -l$-a

(4 Teor- :Suatu %e'+abara' te'ta'( euatu 5'( )-)a%at )ar-

&a-l %e'el-t-a' 5a'( a)a#

# Ma'a )ar- ba&a' k-$-a ber-kut 5a'( %erlu )-ta'(a'- )e'(a' &at-&at- )a'

ebutka' ba&a5a '5a :a4 Aa$ %ekat

b4 Al*o&ol

*4 A$$o'-u$ '-trat

)4 Kal-u$ klor-)a

e4 6a&a' k-$-a or(a'-*

24 A-r ul-'(

Jawab :

Se$ua ba&a' k-$-a )-ata %erlu )-ta'(a'- )e'(a' &at-&at- kare'a ba&a'

ba&a' -tu $e$-l-k- ba&a5a $a-'($a-'( 5ak'- :

a4 Aa$ %ekat : Da%at $e'5ebabka' -r-ta- )a' kul-t

$ele%ub4 Alko&ol : 6era*u' )a' )a%at $e'-$bulka' kebutaa'#

*4 A$$o'-u$ '-trat : 6-la terke'a +ar-'(a' kul-t aka' teraa

%e)-& )a' %a'a#


2/19

)4 Kal-u$ klor-)a : 6-la terke'a +ar-'(a' kul-t aka' teraa (atal

)a' $era

e4 6a&a' k-$-a or(a'-* : 6-la 7at -'- $auk ke )ala$ el )ara& aka'

$e'5ebabka' ke$at-a'#

24 A-r ul-'( : 6-la )-$-'u$ $e'5ebabka' ba)a' le$e#

3# A%a 5a'( A')a lakuka' b-la ba&a' k-$-a ter%er*-k ke $ata A')a

Jawab :

Se(era $e$bau& $ata )e'(a' a-r eba'5akba'5ak '5a )a' $ela%orka' &al

terebut ke%a)a a-te' )a' e(era %er-ka ke )okter#

"# Tul-ka' %era$aa' reak- k-$-a u'tuk reak- 5a'( ter+a)- b-la a$%el KClO3)-%a'aka' 9

Jawab :

KClO3 l4 → KCl 4 3 O (4

.# A%a (u'a'5a M'O 5a'( )-ta$ba&ka' %a)a KClO3 ebelu$ )-%a'aka'

Jawab :

6er(u'a eba(a- katal-ator 5a'( $e$%er*e%at la+u reak- 7at terebut

;alau%u' M'O t-)ak -kut bereak-#

0# Tul-ka' ke(u'aa' KClO3 )ala$ -')utr- 9

Jawab :

a4 tok&elo'? berart- u'ur# Hal -'- ber&ubu'(a'

)e'(a' kua't-ta %eruba&a' k-$-a, ela-' )ar- %a)a $aa a)ala& kua't-ta e%ert- kalor,

*a&a5a atau l-tr-k )a' /olu$e %ereak- +u(a $e'5a'(kut reak- (a H-k-a A*&$a),

1@@3:14#

Dala$ $e'(a)aka' %e'(a$ata', k-ta $elakuka' %er*obaa' )e'(a' kea)aa'

5a'( )-ke')al-ka' a(ar )a%at )ata 5a'( t-)ak )a%at )-'5ataka' )ala$ a'(ka atau

b-la'(a' %er'5ataa' u$u$ 5a'( )--$%ulka' )ar- 2akta %eruba&a' terebut &uku$ ala$

atau &uku$&uku$ b-aa'5a 5a'( )-u'(ka%ka' )ala$ %er'5ataa' e)er&a'a atau beru%a

&ubu'(a' atu beara' )e'(a' beara' la-''5a, teta%- t-)ak ber-- %e'+elaa'#

Meru$uka' &-%ote- a)ala& %eker+aa' 5a'( *uku% ul-t )ala$ $eto)e -l$-a&, kare'a

u'tuk $e'+a;ab uatu $aala&, ba'5akla& ke$u'(k-'a''5a, kebe'ara' &-%ote- )a%at

)-keta&u- etela& )-u+- )e'(a' %er*obaa' )ala$ laboratur-u$# H-%ote- 5a'( teru+-

kebe'ara' '5a $elalu- %er*obaa' 5a'( )-lakuka' berula'( kal-, )a%at )-+a)-ka' )aar

u'tuk $e'ar-k ke-$%ula' u$u$ 5a'( )-ebut teor- S5ukr-,1@@@:"@4#

2


3/19

Ka+-a' te'ta'( bobot )ala$ reak-reak- k-$-a )-ebut to-k-o$etr- 5a'( berart-

$e'(ukur u'ur, teor- -'- $eru%aka' )aar u'tuk $e'e'tuka' ko$%o'e' e'5a;a )a'

*a$%ura' )ar- %a)at )a%at )-(u'aka' u'tuk $e$%erk-raka' &a-l )ala$ %e$buata'

e'5a;a k-$-a# Per&-tu'(a' -'- $eru%aka' )aar )ar- ko'e% $ol )a' )-(u'aka' u'tuk

$e'5e-$ba'(ka' %era$aa' k-$-a 7at 5a'( )-&a-lka' )ar- %e'(ura-a' KClO3 )a' (a O)e'(a' $e'((u'aka' katal- M'O#

KClO3 S4 MnO2

→ KClO3 S4 3O (4


4/19

Laruta' b-ru 1!(r (lukoa )ala$ .! $l KOH !#. M )a' 1! $l

laruta' b-ru $et-l !#1 (rl4

Ato$ '-trat %ekat

6ua &-ta$

Gula %a-r k( Aa$ ul2at %ekat

Eta'ol F A-r ber-&

Kerta ar-'(, laruta' al*o&ol

A$$o'-u$ '-trat, erbuk 7-'k

Kal-u$ klor-)a

A$$o'-u$ klor-)a

Merkur- II4 '-trat

Kal-u$ -o)-)a

6# Sto-k-o$etr-

a4 Alat

Labu lore'*e Kle$ %e'+e%-t

Sela'( karet

P-%a ka*a

T-$ba'(a'

Tabu'( reak- %5re 3!! $$

Nera*a

Gela k-$-a

Gela %-ala F S%r-tu

b4 6a&a'

A-r ber-& !# (r KClO3

!#! (r M'!

VII. PROSEDUR KERJA

PENGAMATAN ILMIAH

A# DEMONSTRASI OLEH ASISTEN

1# ar'a b-ru 5a'( -r'a

Laruta' b-ru 1!(r (lukoa )ala$ .! $l KOH !#. M

)a' 1! $l laruta' b-ru $et-l !#1 (rl4

D-a'(kat labu )a' )-ko*ok atu kal- )e'(a' -bu +ar- teta%

$e$e(a'(- tutu%#

D-ula'(- %e'(o*oka' 3 kal-#

Ha-l %e'(a$ata'

4


5/19

# Abut $o(4 te$ba(a

Aa$ '-trat %ekat

D-tua'(ka' ke)ala$ labu 5a'( ber-- eke%-'( lo(a$

te$ba(a4 a$%a- tere')a$

eke%-'( lo(a$ te$ba(a

Labu )-tutu% ra%atra%at

Ha-l %e'(a$ata'

3# 6ua &-ta$

1.$l Aa$ ul2at %ekat

D-$aukka' ke)ala$ (ela %-ala 5a'( ber-- (ula %a-r

D-a)uk )e'(a' &at-&at- )e'(a' %e'(a)uk ka*a

Aa$ '-trat %ekat

"# Kalor

"! $l eta'ol

D-$ukka' ke)ala$ (ela %-ala 5a'( ber-- 0! $l a-r Kerta ar-'(

D-re')a$ )ala$ laruta' alko&ol

D-%era keleb-&a' laruta', )-be'ta'(ka' %a)a ka*a arlo+-,

lalu )-bakar

.# 6a&a5a a-r

3 ( a$o'-u$ '-trat

D-(eru )ala$ lu$%a'(

D-al-&ka' erbuk ke)ala$ *a;a' %e'(ua% )a' ta$ba&ka'

Serbuk 7-'k e(ar

Mu')ur bebera%a la'(ka&

D-e$%rotka' a-r )ar- botol e$%rot

Ha-l %e'(a$ata'

5

Ha-l Pe'(a$ata'

Ha-l Pe'(a$ata'


6/19

6# PERCO6AAN OLEH PRAKTIKAN

1# Pa'a )a' )-'(-'

A$o'-u$ klor-)a

D-$aukka' ke)ala$ tabu'( reak-

D--- a$%a- ete'(a&'5a )e'(a' a-r

D-%e(a'( ba(-a' ba;a& tabu'(

Ha-l %e'(a$ata'

Kal-u$ klor-)a

D-$aukka' ke)ala$ tabu'( reak-

D--- a$%a- ete'(a&'5a )e'(a' a-r

D-%e(a'( ba(-a' ba;a& tabu'(

Ha-l %e'(a$ata'

# Akt-2 )a' t-)ak akt-2

A-r

D---ka' ke)ala$ (ela %-ala .! $l a$%a- ete'(a&'5a

D-$aukka' %aku be- ke)ala$'5a

D-$aukka' eke%-'( lo(a$ ke)ala$'5a

Ha-l %e'(a$ata'

3# Paku te$ba(a

Laruta' te$ba(a II4 ul2at

D---ka' ke)ala$ (ela %-ala .! $l

Paku be-

D---ka' ke)ala$ (ela %-ala .! $l

Ha-l %e'(a$ata'

"# A)a )a' &-la'(

1!$l $erkur- II4 '-trat

D-$aukka' ke)ala$ (ela ukur, ke$u)-a' ta$ba&ka'! $l laruta' kal-u$ -o'-)a

Catat &a-l'5a, ke$u)-a' ta$ba&ka'

3! $l kal-u$ -o'-)a

D-a)uk

Ha-l %e'(a$ata'

6


7/19

STOIKIOMETRI : PENG


8/19

VIII. DATA PENGAMATAN

A# Pe'(a$ata' Il$-a&

a4 De$o'tra- A-te'


PENGAMATAN HIPOTESIS

!,. $ol KOH 5a'( )-$aukka' ke)ala$

(ela ukur lalu )-*a$%urka' . (r (lukoa )a'

)-a)uk $erata )a' )-$aukka' !,! (r t-$ol

b-ru# A;al'5a laruta' ber;ar'a b-ru, etela&

)-a)uk)-&o$o(e'ka' ;ar'a b-ru

$e'(&-la'( $e'+a)- ;ar'a %ut-& be'-'(

!#. $ol KOH )-*a$%urka'

)e'(a' . (r (lukoa )a' !#!

t-$ol b-ru aka' beruba& $e'+a)-

;ar'a b-ru#

# Abut te$ba(a


Te$ba(a 5a'( )-$aukka' keerle'$e5er

bear )a' )-tua'(ka' aa$ '-trat %ekat

HNO34 $e'(&a-lka' ;ar'a $era&

ke*oklata' )a' $e'-$bulka' %a)a laruta'

terebut

CuNO3 ber;ar'a b-ru )a'

)-&a-lka' Cu HNO3 →

CuNO34 H

3# 6ua &-ta$


Gula %a-r )-$aukka' ke)ala$ (ela ukur

lalu ta$ba&ka' aa$ ul2at HSO"4,et5ela& )-a)uk a;al'5a laruta' $e'5atu

)a' ber;ar'a ku'-'(# Se$ak-' la$a )-a)uk

laruta' le'(ket )a' ber;ar'a &-ta$, etela&

-tu laruta' $e'+a)- e'*er, %a'a, )a' t-$bul

aa% erta berbua &-ta$#

Gula %a-r 5a'( )-$aukka'

ke)ala$ (ela ukur )a')-ta$ba&ka' aa$ ul2at HSO"4

aka' $e'*a-r )a' berbua#

"# Kalor


"! $l eta'ol )a' 0! $l a-r )-*a$%urka' )a'

re')a$ kerta ar-'(, lalu )-a'(kat )a')-taru& )-ata ka*a arlo+- )a' )-bakar

$u'*ul a%- ber;ar'a b-ru, 'a$u' kerta

ar-'( t-)ak terbakar

Kerta ar-'( 5a'( )-re')a$

)ala$ "! $l eta'ol )a' 0! $l a-rlalu )-bakar etela& )-a'(kat aka'

terbakar#

8


9/19

.# 6a&a5a a-r


A$o'-u$ '-trat 5a'( )-taburka' erbuk

7-'k etela& )-e$%rotka' a-r $e'-$bulka'

(ele$bu'( (a

Serbuk 7-'k $e'-$bulka' %a'a

b4 Per*obaa' ole& %rakt-ka'

1# Pa'a )a' )-'(-'


A$o'-u$ '-trat 5a'( )-taburka' erbuk

7-'k etela& )-e$%rotka' a-r

$e'-$bulka' (ele$bu'( (a, %a'a, )a'

beraa%

Serbuk 7-'k $e'-$bulka' %a'a

)a' beraa%

NH"Cl HO )-'(-' 4 reak-

e')oter$

CaCl HO %a'a 4 reak-

ekoter$



Aua)e )-$aukka' )ala$ (ela %-ala

)e'(a' erbuk kal-u$# Lalu, %aku be-

)-$aukka' ke)ala$ laruta', laruta'

$e'(eluarka' (ele$bu'( (a, beruba&

$e'+a)- keru& )a' ter)a%at (ele$bu'(

(a(ele$bu'( u)ara %a)a %aku#

6er(ele$bu'(, kare'a %aku e4

bereak- )e'(a' erbuk kal-u$#

3# Paku te$ba(a


Setela& %aku t(e$ba(a )-re')a$ )e'(a'

laruta' te$ba(a II4 ul2at, %aku aka'

e(era berkarat#

Te$ba(a II4 ul2at ber-2at aa$,

)a%at $e'5ebabka' koro-

"# A)a )a' &-la'(


1! $l $erkur- II4 '-trat )-$aukka'

ke)ala$ (ela ukur, lalu )-ta$ba&ka' ! $l

laruta' kal-u$ -o)-)a KI4 beruba& ;ara'a

$e'+a)- ora'(e# Da' ket-ka )-ta$ba&aka'

la(- 3! $l kal-u$ -o)-)a KI4 ;ar'a ora'(e

$e'+a)- &-la'(#

1! $l $erkur- II4 '-trat

)-$aukka' ke(ela ukur, lalu

)-ta$ba&ka' ! $l laruta' kal-u$

-o)-)a KI4 aka' beruba& ;ar'a

$e'+a)- ora'(e#%ekat ket-ka

)-ta$ba&aka' 3! $l KI

6# Sto-k-o$etr- : Pe'(ura-a' KClO3

9


10/19


KClO3 M'O aua)e )-%a'aka'

aat $e')-)-&, ua% ber%-')a& ke tabu'(

reak- koo'( $elalu- ela'( ua% terura-

$e'+a)- a-r eba'5ak !#. $l

KClO3 → KCl 3 O %e$a'aa' KClO3 $e''(&a-lka'

e')a%ab KCl )a' O 5a'( terura-

$e'+a)- a-r

1# Maa tabu'( reak- %5re KClO3 : 3@,.B (r

# Maa tabu'( reak- %5re : 3@,3. (r

3# Maa KClO3 (4 : !, (r

"# Maa KClO3 M'O (4 : !,. (r

.# Su&u a-r ℃ 4 : 8 ℃ 3!1 K

0# Teka'a' ua% a-r $$H(4 : 8,3. $$H(

B# Teka'a' u)ara $$H(4 : B0! $$H(

8# Jolu$e a-r 5a'( %-')a& : 18@$l !#18@ l@# Jolu$e O 5a'( t-$bul l4 : !,1 l

1!# Maa tabu'( %5re )a' %erle'(ka%a'

'5a etela& %e$a'aa' (4 : 3@,3. (r

A# Koe2--e' reak- %e'(ura-a' KClO31# Mol KClO3 : !,!!1B@ $ol

# Mol O : !,!!B $ol

3# Mol KCl : !,!!1B@ $ol

"# Pera$aa' reak- %e'(ura-a' KClO3KClO3 → KCl 3O

6# Jolu$e $olar O )a' )ala$ KClO31# Teka'a' )ar- O ker-'( : B31,0. $$H(

# Jolu$e O %a)a STP : !,!8B3 l-ter 3# Mol O 5a'( t-$bul $ol4 : !,!!3@ $ol

"# Jolu$e $olar O l$ol4 %a)a STP : ,38 l$ol

.# Jolu$e $olar ratarata )ar-

O l$ol4 %a)a STP : #" l

0# Pere'tae O )ala$ KClO3 : 3@

IX. PEMBAHASAN


Sebelu$ k-ta $elakuka' %er*obaa' -'-, k-ta &aru $e$%er-a%ka' alat )a'

ba&a''5a terleb-& )a&ulu# Setela& -tu, barula& k-ta $elakuka' %er*obaa' $e'urut

%roe)ur ker+a $a-'($a-'(#

a4 De$o'tra- ole& a-ate'1# ar'a b-ru 5a'( -r'a

1! ( (lukoa)ala$ KOH !,. M )a' !,! ( t-$ol b-ru )-*a$%urka'

ke)ala$ (ela ukur )a' )-a)uk)-&o$o(e'ka' ;ar'a b-ru# Setela&

)-a)uk)-&o$o(e'ka' ;ar'a b-ru $e'(&-la'( $e'+a)- ;ar'a %ut-& be'-'(# Hal

terebut ter+a)- )-kare'aka' 7at terebut tela& b ereak- etela& (lukoa )a' ko&

5a'( $eru%aka' baa kuat $e'+a)-ka' ;ar'a b-ru -r'a#

Hal terebut )-ebabka' kare'a %a)a reak- terebut -o' OH %a)a KOH ber-kata'

)e'(a' H 5a'( beraal )ar- C0H1O0 e&-'((a ter+a)- %ele%aa' $olekul -ar )a'

)-)ala$ laruta' a-r $e'5ebabka' ;ar'a b-ru %erla&a'la&a' -r'a#

# Abut te$ba(a

10


11/19

Pa)a %er*obaa' -'-, k-ta $e'((u'aka' CuNO3 ber;ar'a b-ru4# D-$a'a te$ba(a

Cu4 5a'( )-re')a$ )e'(a' aa$ '-trat %ekat HNO34 )a' $e'(&a-lka' ;ar'a $era&

ke*oklata'# Me'urut reak-:

Cu HNO3 → CuNO3 1 H#

Dala$ reak- )-ata terbe'tuk CuNO34 5a'( $eruba& ;ar'a te$ba(a 5a'( bereak- $e'+a)- $era& ke*oklata' )a' $e'-$bulka' bau %a)a laruta' terebut# Hal -'-

ter+a)- kare'ater+a)-'5a ok-)a- lo(a$#

3# 6ua &-ta$

Dala$ %er*obaa' bua &-ta$ -'-, ba&a' 5a'( )-(u'aka' a)ala& (ula %a-r )a'

aa$ ul2at# Gula %a-r )-$aukka' ke (ela %-ala e*uku%'5a# Lalu )-ta$ba&ka' aa$

ul2at &-'((a $e'(e'a- e%aru& (ula %a-r# Gula %a-r 5a'( )-beraa$ ul2at -tu aka'

beruba& $e'+a)- ;ar'a ku'-'(# Se$ak-' la$a )-a)uk laruta' le'(ket )a' ber;ar'a

&-ta$, etela& -tu laruta' $e'+a)- e'*er, %a'a, )a' t-$bul aa% erta berbua &-ta$#

"# Kalor

Pa)a %er*obaa' kal- -'-, )-(u'aka' "! $l eta'ol )a' 0! $l a-r 5a'( )-*a$%urka')a' re')a$ kerta ar-'(, etela& kerta ar-'( )-a'(kat )a' )-bakar aka' $u'*ul a%-

ber;ar'a b-ru, 'a$u' kerta )ar-'( e')-r- t-)ak terbakar, t-)ak berbau, $u)a& $e'(ua%

)a' $u)a& terbakar e&-'((a ter+a)- %e$bakara' e$%ur'a )ala$ art- ba&aa ba&;a

kerta ar-'( terebut t-)ak -kut terbakar )-kare'aka' t-t-k )-)-& 5a'( berbe)a a'tara

eta'ol )a' a-r#

.# 6a&a5a a-r

Pa)a %er*obaa' -'-, 3 ( a$o'-u$ '-trat erbuk 7-'k# Setela& -tu, )-e$%rotka' a-r

)a' aka' $e'-$bulka' (ele$bu'((ele$bu'( (a, %a'a, )a' beraa%#

b4 Per*obaa' ole& %rakt-ka'

1# Pa'a )a' )-'(-'Pa)a %er*obaa' -'-, a$o'-u$ klor-)a NH"Cl4 )a' kal-u$ klor-)a CaCl4

$a-'($a-'( )-$aukka' ke)ala$ tabu'( reak- 5a'( berbe)a# Lalu, $a-'($a-'(

tabu'( terebut )--- a-r a$%a- ete'(a& )ar- tabu'( )a' %a)a ba(-a' ba;a& $a-'(

$a-'( tabu'( )-%e(a'(#

Dar- &a-l %e'(a$ata' 5a'( ka$- lakuka', a$o'-u$ klor-)a NH"Cl4 teraa

)-'(-' b-la )-%e(a'( %a)a ba(-a' ba;a& tabu'(# Hal -'- )-kare'aka' ter+a)- %e'uru'a'

u&u, $e'u'+ukka' a)a'5a reak- e')oter$, 5a-tu reak- $e'5era% kalor )ar- l-'(ku'(a'

ke-te$# Se)a'(ka', kal-u$ klor-)a CaCl4 teraa %a'a b-la )-%e(a'( %a)a ba(-a'

ba;a& tabu'(# Hal -'- )-kare'aka' ter+a)- ke'a-ka' u&u, $e'-'+ukka' a)a'5a reak-

ekoter$, 5a-tu reak- $ele%a kalor )ar- -te$ kel-'(ku'(a'#


Pa)a %er*obaa' -'-, )-$aukka' a-r ke)ala$ .! $l (ela %-ala, 'a$u' &a'5a

ete'(a& )ar- (ela %-ala# Lalu, )-$aukka' erbuk kal-u$ )a' $aukka' %aku be-#

Setela& ter+a)- reak-, tr)a%at (ele$bu'((ele$bu'( )-ek-tar %aku )a' ;ar'a %aku

e)-k-t $e$u)ar, %eruba&a' ;ar'a 5a'( ter+a)- ak-bat %e'(aru& 7at ka%ur )a' kal-u$#

3# Paku te$ba(a

Pa)a %er*obaa' %aku te$ba(a, ba&a' 5a'( )-(u'aka' %aku, )a' te$ba(a II4

ul2at, %aku be- )-$aukka' ke)ala$ (ela %-ala ke$u)-a' )-$aukka' %ula laruta'

CuSO"

# Setela& )-a$at- %aku 5a'( e$ula ber;ar'a abu ke%eraka' beruba& $e'+a)-&-ta$# Hal -'-, )-ebabka' te$ba(a II4 ul2at 5a'( ber-2at aa$, ber;ar'a b-ru $a$%u

11


12/19

$eruba& ;ar'a %aku atau 5a'( $e'5ebabka' koro-, CuSO " beraal )ar- te$ba(a 5a'(

)-reak-ka' )e'a' HSO" )e'(a' )e$-k-a' te$ba(a $e'(a')u'( -2at aa$# S-2at aa$

e')-r- ber-2at koro-2 art-'5a )a%at $eruak lo(a$ )a' $ar$er#

"# A)a )a' &-la'(

Pa)a %er*obaa' -'-, $erkur- II4 '-trat )-$aukka' ke)ala$ (ela ukur )a'

ke$u)-a' )-ta$ba&ka' ! $l kal-u$ -o)-)a ke)ala$'5a# Laruta' $erkur- II4 '-trat )a'

! $l kal-u$ -o)-)a beruba& ;ar'a $e'+a)- ora'(e# Da' ket-ka )-ta$ba&ka' la(- 3! $l

kal-u$ -o)-)a ;ar'a ora'(e ta)- $e'(&-la'(#

A# Sto-k-o$etr- : Pe'(ura-a' KClO3 Sebelu$ k-ta $elakuka' %er*obaa', k-ta &aru $e$%er-a%ka' alat )a' ba&a'

terleb-& )a&ulu# Alat terebut &aru )-te terleb-& )a&ulu a(ar k-ta $e'(eta&u- bo*or atau

t-)ak alat terebut# -ka alat t-)ak bo*or, $aka e(erala& -- labu lore'*e )e'(a' a-r

&-'((a &a$%er %e'u& )a' buka kle$ %e'+e%-t#

Ke$u)-a' le%aka' ela'( karet ba(-a' ata la'u lore'*e 5a'( ber&ubu'(a'

)e'(a' tabu'( reak-# T-u%la& $elalu- %-%a ka*a, a-r aka' $e'(al-r )ar- labu ke (ela %-ala# Hubu'(ka' ke$bal- ela'( karet )e'(a' %-%a ka*a %e')ek %a)a labu lore'*e,

ela$a a-r $a-& $e'(al-r, ke$u)-a' +e%-t ela'( karet )e'(a' %e'+e%-t )a' koo'(ka'

(ela %-ala# Setela& -tu, lakuka' %er*obaa' $e'urut la'(ka&la'(ka& %roe)ur 5a'( a)a#

Ke$u)-a' barula& k-ta $e'(&-tu'( koe2--e' %e'(ura-a' KClO3 )a' /olu$e $olar )ala$

KClO3# Reak- %e'(ura-a' KClO3 terebut a)ala& :

KClO3 S4 → KCl 4 3o (4


13/19

Jolu$e O %a)a STP

J O STP4 J O PO 2

760

T

T O2

!#1731.65

760

273

301 !,!8B3 l

P PO 2

pudara

731,65mmHg

760mmHg!,@00@B at$

Mol O 5a'( t-$bul %a)a STP

' PV

RT

0,962697 x 0,10,082 x 301

!,!!3@ $ol

Jolu$e $olar O %a)a STP

Jolu$e $olar O STP4 VO2(STP)molO2(STP)

0,0873

0,0039

,38 l$ol

$aa O )ala$ KClO3

$aa O )ala$ KClO3 massaO2

massaKClO3 1!!

0,086645

0.22

1!!

3@

X. DISKUSI

Pa)a %er*obaa' -'- ka$- tela& $elakuka' %er*obaa' )e'(a' $e'(-kut- la'(ka&

la'(ka&%roe)ur 5a'( a)a# D-$ula- )ar- %a'a )-'(-', -tu ka$- lakuka' ;alau%u'

&a-l'5a t-)ak eua- )e'(a' &-%ote-, 'a$u' ka$- u)a& $e$ba&a'5a %a)a

%e$ba&aa'# Lalu akt-2 )a' t-)ak akt-2, -tu ka$- +u(a t-)ak )-%rakt-ka', 'a$u' ka$-

u)a& $e'(a$b-l )ar- l-teratur 5a'( a)a# Da' 5a'( terak&-r ka$- $elakuka' %er*obaa'

to-k-o$etr- : %e'(ukura' K*lO3 +u(a ka$- $elakuka' %er*obaa' eua- %roe)ur ker+a#

+a)-, %a)a bebera%a %er*obaa' 5a'( tela& )-lakuka' e$ua &a-l %er*obaa' )-lakuka'

13


14/19

e*ara ba-k, ;alau%u' eba(-a' &-%ote- 5a'( ka$- buat t-)ak eua- )e'(a' &a-l

%er*obaa' teta%- ka$- u)a& $e$ba&a'5a )a' +u(a ;alau%u' eba(-a' %er*obaa'

t-)ak )-lakuka' )-kare'aka' alat )a' ba&a' 5a'( t-)ak $e'*uku%-, teta%- ka$- u)a&

$e'*ar- l-teratur'5a#


a4 De$o'tra- ole& a-te'


6er)aarka' &a-l %er*obaa' 5a'( )-lakuka', %eruba&a' b-ru

tua %a)a $et-l $e'+a)- b-ru -r'a ak-bat )ar- %e'*a$%ura' (lukoa

b-ru $et-l 5a'( )-&o$o(e'ka' eua- )e'(a' teor- '5a, &al -'-

$e$bukt-ka' ba&;a %er*obaa' 5a'( )-lakuka' ber&a-l#

D-$a'a, (lukoa $e'(a')u'( %at- )ar- KOH 5a'( ber-2at baa erta $e$%u'5a-

;ar'a 5a'( $e$ba5a'(# Se&-'((a %e'*a$%ura' C0H1O0 KOH $e'(&a-lka' HO

*a-r4# A-r -'-la& 5a'( $e'5-r'aka' b-ru $et-l# Reak-'5a :

C0H1O0 KOH → C0H1O0 +¿

k ¿ HO

# Abut $o(4 te$ba(a

Te$ba(a 5a'( )-reak-ka' )e'(a' HNO3 $e'(eluarka' aa% *oklat 5a'( berbau#

Laruta' ter)a%at e)-k-t (ele$bu'(# Reak-'5a :

Cu HNO3 → CuNO3 1 H#

3# 6ua &-ta$

Gula %a-r 5a'( )-ta$ba&ka' aa$ ul2at %ekat aka' $e$be'tuk bua &-ta$# Hal

-'- )-kare'aka' -2at )ar- (ula 5a'( $eru%aka' $e'(a')u'( (lukoa#

"# Kalor

Dar- %er*obaa' 5a'( )-lakuka', )ata 5a'( )-%erole& eua- )e'(a' 5a'(

)--'(-'ka' teor-4 )-$a'a, eta'ol 5a'( beraal )ar- eta'a 5a'( $eru%aka' &-)rokarbo'

)a' eta'ol $eru%aka' ba(-a' )ar- al*o&ol, )a' al*o&ol -2at'5a $u)a& terbakar, e&-'((a

kerta ar-'( 5a'( tela& )-*elu%ka' ke)ala$ eta'ol, ket-ka )-bakar aka' terbakar )a'

&-ta$ kare'a $e'5era% kalor )ar- a%- )a' $e'(&a-lka' %a'a )-ek-tar l-'(ku'(a'#

.# 6a&a5a a-r

Dar- %er*obaa' 5a'( )-lakuka', &a-l 5a'( a$$o'-u$ '-trat 5a'( )-taburka',

ke$u)-a' )-e$%rotka' a-r $e'-$bulka' (ele$bu'( (a# Hal -'- terbukt- ba&;a erbuk

7-'k )a%at $e'-$bulka' %a'a#

14


15/19

0# Pa'a )a' )-'(-'

Laruta' a$$o'-u$ klor-)a etela& )-*a$%ur a-r teraa )-'(-'4, laruta' kal-u$

klor-)a etela& )-*a$%ur a-r teraa %a'a4# Ha-l %er*obaa' be'ar eua- teor-, kare'a

laruta' a$$o'-u$ klor-)a $eru%aka' reak- e')oter$ $e'5era% %a'a4 e)a'(ka'

laruta' NaOH $eru%aka' reak- ekoter$ $ele%a kalor4#

B# Akt-2 )a' t-)ak akt-2

Dala$ %er*obaa' -'- %aku berkarat )a' ter)a%at (ele$bu'( )a' )a%at ka$-

-$%ulka' ba&;a Ca akt-2 )a' %aku be- t-)ak akt-2#

8# Paku te$ba(a

Dar- %er*obaa' 5a'( )-lakuka', )ata 5a'( )-)a%at eua- )e'(a' -2at te$ba(a

II4 ul2at 5a'( b-a $e'(koro-ka' %aku te$ba(a lo(a$4# Te$ba(a II4 ul2at b-la

)-$aukka' %aku be- ke )ala$'5a )a%at $e'5ebabka' %aku $e'(ala$- koro-, kare'a

%aku bereak- )e'(a' ta$ba(a II4 ul2at 5a'( beraal )ar- aa$ ul2at# Aa$ ul2at

HSO"4 $$-l-k- -2at koro-2 5a-tu )a%at $eruak lo(a$ )a' $ar$er atau )e'(a' kata

la-' lo(a$ a%ab-la bereak- )e'(a' aa$ teruta$a HSO" 5a'( berkarat koro-4#

@# A)a )a' &-la'(

Dala$ %er*obaa' -'-, &a-l %er*obaa' 5a'( )-lakuka' t-)akeua- )e'(a'

&-%ote-# D-$a'a etela& $erkur- II4 '-trat )-ta$ba&aka' ! $l KI, a;al'5a ;ar'a

laruta' a)ala& ora'(e# Da' etela& )-ta$ba&aka' la(- 3! $l KI# Laruta' ber;ar'a ora'(e

ta)- &-la'( $e'+a)- ;ar'a %ut-& be'-'(#

6# Sto-k-o$etr- : Pe'(ura-a' KClO3

1# Huku$ kekekala' $aa La/o-er, 1BB"4

>Pa)a et-a% reak- k-$-a, $aa 7at7at 5a'( bereak-

a)ala& a$a )e'(a' $aa %ro)uk reak-#?

KClO3 S4 KCl 4 3O (4

!# (r !#1333.. (r !,!800". (r

15


16/19

# Huku$ %erba')-'(a' /olu$e Ga5 Lua*4

>Pa)a te$%erature )a' teka'a' 5a'( a$a, %erba')-'(a'

/olu$e (a(a 5a'( bereak- )a' /olu$e (a &a-l reak-

$eru%aka' %erba')-'(a' b-la'(a' bulat )a' e)er&a'a#?

Co'to& : H (4 o (4 → HO (4

Perba')-'(a' /olu$e (a &5)ro(e', (a ok-(e' )a' ua% a-r

a)ala& :1: eua- )e'(a' teor- a/o(a)ro $et- ter+a)- kare'a

%erba')-'(a' +u$la& $olekul &5)ro(e', ok-(e' )a' a-r %a)a reak-

%e$be'tuka' a-r +u(a :1:# Sela'+ut'5a, kare'a +u$la& ato$ t-a%

u'ur t-)ak bole& berkura'( atau berta$ba& )ala$ reak- k-$-a,

$aka $olekul &5)ro(e' )a' $olekul ok-(e' &aru $eru%aka'

$olekul );- ato$, e)a'(ka' $olekul a-r &aru $eru%aka' $olekultr- ato$ 5a'( ter)-r- ata ato$ &5)ro(e' )-tul- eba(a- H )a'

$olekul ok-(e' )-tul- eba(a- O, e)a'(ka' ru$u $olekul a-r

)a%at )-tul- eba(a- HO# Perba')-'(a' /olu$e (a %ereak- )a'

&a-l reak- $eru%aka' %erba')-'(a' koe2--e'koe2--e' 7at %a)a

%era$aa' reak- etara u'tuk reak- (a -tu#

3# Maa uatu $ol 7at )-'a$aka' $aa $olar 7at -tu

6ear'5a $aa $olar 7at -tu a)ala& $aa ato$ relat-/e

atau $aa $olekul relat-2 atau $aa ru$u relat-/e 7at -tu

)-'5ataka' )ala$ (ra$ $aa $4 7at $eru%aka' %erkal-a' a'tara

$aa $olar $4 )a' +u$la& $ol '4→

$ M '#

"# Jolu$e 1 $ol 7at )-ebut /olu$e $olar J$4 7at -tu

6er)aarka' %e'(ukura' kera%ata' (a(a %a)a u&u )a'

teka'a' terte'tu )-te$uka' ba&;a ratarata /olu$e $olar 7at

ber;u+u) (a %a)a kea)aa' ta')ar) te$%erature ! ℃ )a'

taka'a' 1 at$4 a)ala& #" L %a)a %er*obaa' -'- /olu$e $olar O %a)a STP eua- )e'(a' teor- 5a'( a)a 5a-tu #" L )e'(a' ru$u :J

O STP4 J O PO2

760mmHg

T

T O2

XI. PERTANYAAN PASCA PRAKTEK


1# 6e'ar 64 ala& S4 ka& %er'5ataa' -'-

Jawab:

a# S 4 Ka*a$ata %el-')u'( t-)ak ber(u'a ba(- %eker+a

)-laboratur-u$#

b# S 4 Se$ua ba&a' k-$-a )-a'((a% berba&a5a#

16


17/19

*# 6 4 Se$ua reak- 5a'( $e'((u'aka' ba&a' k-$-a 5a'(

$e'(ata- kul-t atau berba&a5a, &aru )-lakuka' )- le$ar- aa$#

)# S 4 6-la $e'5--%ka' %-%a ka*a atau t&er$o$eter ke )ala$

(abu 5a'( )-(u'aka' ba&a' %elu$a $e-' $otor#

e# 6 4 6ua'(la& -a rea(e' *a-r ke )ala$ bak *u*- )a' -ra$

)e'(a' a-r 5a'( ba'5ak#

# Seu)a& $e'5elea-ka' %er*obaa' )a' $e$er-ka )ata, a%ala(- 5a'(

%erlu A')a ker+aka'

Jawab:

Me$bereka' )a' $e$ber-&ka' alatalat %rakt-ku$ 5a'( u)a&

)-(u'aka' )a' +u(a $e$ber-&ka' te$%at %rakt-ku$, ke$u)-a'

$e$buat la%ora' %rakt-ku$#

3# A')a )-ber- Se$b-la' ke%-'( ua'( lo(a$ )a' ebua& 'era*a %ala'(,

ala& atu kee%-'( leb-& r-'(a' )ar- )ela%a' la-''5a 5a'( bobot'5a la$a#

6a(a-$a'a A')a $e'eta%ka' ke%-'(a' $a'a 5a'( r-'(a' &a'5a )e'(a'

$elakuka' )ua kal- %e'-$ba'(a'

Jawab:

De'(a' $elakuka' %e'a2-ra' )a' %er&-tu'(a' ratarata $aka aka'

)-&a-lka' &a-l 5a'( akurat

6# Sto-k-o$etr-

1# Ga ok-(e' e)-k-t larut )ala$ a-r# A%aka& kea)aa' -'- aka'

$e$%e'(aru&- +u$la& KClO3 9

Jawab:

I5a, kare'a +-ka (a O e)-k-t larut )ala$ a-r, $aka O aka' leb-& ba'5ak

ber*a$%ur )ala$ KClO3, )-$a'a $ol KClO3 )-%e'(aru&- ole& '-la- Ar O

# a4 6-la ket-'((-a' a-r )-luar tabu'( reak- %e'(u$%ul (a leb-&

t-'((- )ar- %a)a 5a'( )-luar, a%aka& -'- )-ebabka' ole& teka'a'

(a O leb-& t-'((- atau leb-& re')a& )ar- %a)a teka'a' u)ara

elaka' 9

Jawab:

17


18/19

Hal -tu ter+a)- kare'a teka'a' O leb-& re')a& )ar- teka'a' u)ara,

e$ak-' t-'((- +u$la& /olu$e'5a, $aka teka'a' O e$ak-'

berkura'( )ar- teka'a' u)ara

b4 6-la A')a $e'5ertaka' teka'a' (a %a)a %erta'5aa' a4 a%aka&

bobot (a O berta$ba& atau berkura'( elaka' 9

Jawab:

Jolu$e (a O aka' berkura'( kare'a e$ak-' t-'((- teka'a' O$aka /olu$e (a O e$ak-' berkura'(# Hal -tu )-ebabka' kare'a

teka'a' )a' u)ara berba')-'( terbal-k

*4 A')a-ka' A')a t-)ak $e'5ertaka' teka'a', teta%- $e'(a$b-l

teka'a' O a$a )e'(a' teka'a' u)ara luar# A%aka& +u$la& $ol O 5a'( t-$bul leb-& bear atau leb-& ke*-l )ar- %a)a 5a'( ebe'ar'5a

elaka' 9

Jawab:

u$la& $ol O aka' leb-& bear kare'a +-ka teka'a' u)ara leb-& bear

+u$la& O aka' berta$ba&

3# 6-la u)ara $e$auk- tabu'( reak- %e'(u$%ul (a, ba(a-$a'a &al -'-

)a%at $e$%e'(aru&- +u$la& $ol KClO3 5a'( terura- elaka'9

Jawab :

-ka -tu ter+a)-, $aka e$ak-' ba'5ak O atau u)ara 5a'( $auk $aka

e$ak-' ba'5ak %ula O )ar- KClO3 5a'( terura-

XII. KESIMPULAN

6er)aarka' %er*obaa' %e'(a$ata' -l$-a& )a' to-k-o$etr- %e'(ura-a'

KClO3, $aka )a%at )--$%ulka' :

1# De'(a' a)a'5a %er*obaa' %e'(a$ata' -l$-a& )-%erole& %e'(ala$a' )ala$

$e'*atat )ata )a' $e'+elaka' )ata %e'(a$ata' ke )ala$ %e$ba&aa'## De'(a' a)a'5a %er*obaa' )-%erole& ketera$%-la' )a' %e'(eta&ua' te'ta'(

berba(a- $a*a$ alat k-$-a 5a'( terbuat )ar- ka*a, erta )e'(a' a)a'5a

%er*obaa' )-)a%at %e'(eta&ua' te'ta'( $e$buat laruta' )ar- ba&a' k-$-a

%a)at )a' k-$-a *a-r#

3# Dala$ $elakuka' %erlu ke&at-&at-a' )a' ketel-t-a', kare'a ba&a' k-$-a

ba'5ak 5a'( berba&a5a#

"# Koe2--e' reak- %e'(ura-a' KClO3 5a-tu : KClO3 MnO2

→ KCl 3 O

.# Jolu$e $olar (a ok-(e' %a)a STP : #3. l$ol VO2

nO24

0# Pere'tae O )ala$ KClO3 . O gr O 2

gr KClO3 # 1!! 4

18


19/19

XIII. DAFTAR PUSTAKA

A*&$a), H-k-a, )kk# 1@@3# Kimia Dasar I # akarta:

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