PENGARUH RUSSIA NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGIES

TAHUN 2015 TERHADAP PENGUATAN ALIANSI NATO DI

BALTIK

Disusun dan diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar

Sarjana Ilmu Sosial (S.Sos) Strata-1

Oleh

Muhammad Irfaan

201410360311179

PROGRAM STUDI HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL

FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK

UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

2019

DAFTAR ISI

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN……………………………………………………....i BERITA ACARA BIMBINGAN SKRIPSI…....……………………..…….....iii PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS…………………………………….……….iv ABSTRAKSI……………………………………………………………..............v ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………..........vi KATA PENGANTAR…………………………………………………….........vii LEMBAR MOTTO..…………………………………………………………..viii LEMBAR PERSEMBAHAN…...………………………………………....….. ix DAFTAR ISI… …………………………………………………………………xi DAFTAR GAMBAR……………...…………………………………………...xiv DAFTAR TABEL………………..………………………………………...…...xv DAFTAR BAGAN……………………………………………………………..xvi

BAB I PENDAHULUAN .............................................................................................. 1

1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah ....................................................................... 1 1.2 Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................ 6

1.3 Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................. 7 1.3.1Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................................. 7 1.3.2 Manfaat Penelitian .............................................................................. 7 a. Manfaat Akademis .............................................................................. 7 b. Manfaat Praktis ................................................................................... 7

1.4 Penelitian Terdahulu ............................................................................ 8

1.5 Kerangka Konseptual ......................................................................... 15 Bagan 1.5 Operasional Teori General dan Immediate Deterrence .............. 20

1.6 Metodelogi Penelitian ........................................................................ 23 1.6.1 Variabel Penelitian dan Level Analisa ............................................... 23 Tabel 1.6.1 Level Analisa ..................................................................... 24 1.6.2 Metode Penelitian ............................................................................. 25 1.6.3 Teknik Analisa Data .......................................................................... 25 1.6.4 Teknik pengumpulan Data ................................................................ 25 1.6.5 Ruang Lingkup Penelitian ................................................................. 26 a. Batasan Waktu .................................................................................. 26 b. Batasan Materi .................................................................................. 26

1.7 Hipotesis ........................................................................................... 26 1.8 Sistematika Penulisan ........................................................................ 27

BAB II

RUSSIA’S NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGIES .................................... 30

2.1 Profil Russia’s National Security Strategies ............................................. 30 Tabel 2.1 Perbandingan Tradisional dan Non-Tradisional .......................... 32 Gambar 2.1 Peta Rusia Sebelum dan Sesudah runtuhnya Uni Soviet .......... 39

2.2 Tujuan Russia’s National Security Strategies 2015 .................................. 43

2.3 Pengaruh Rusia National Security Stretegies terhadap Kekuatan Militer Rusia ............................................................................................................. 69

Tabel 2.3 Perbandingan Militer Rusia tahun 2016 dan 2019 ....................... 70 Tabel 2.3 Perbandingan anggaran militer tahun 2014 hingga 2017 ............. 72 Gambar 2.3 Peta Perbatasan Rusia dengan Negara Baltik........................... 72

BAB III GAMBARAN UMUM NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) ............ 74

3.1 Profil North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) .................................. 74 3.1.1 Sejarah Terbentuknya NATO ............................................................. 74 3.1.2 Struktur Kerja Dalam NATO ............................................................. 84 Gambar 3.1.2 Struktur Kerja dalam NATO ................................................. 84

3.2 Perluasan North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) di Wilayah Eropa Timur .................................................................................................. 95

Gambar 3.2 Misi NATO masa lalu dan sekarang ........................................ 96

3.3 Penguatan Aliansi North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) di Kawasan Baltik ........................................................................................... 101

Gambar 3.3 Penempatan Pasukan NATO di Baltik dan Polandia .............. 105 Tabel 3.3 Perbandingan latihan militer tahun 2015 hingga 2019............... 109 Gambar 3.3 Anggaran Militer negara-negara Baltik ................................. 113

BAB IV ANALISA FENOMENA PENGUATAN ALIANSI NATO DI KAWASAN BALTIK MENGGUNAKAN TEORI DETERRENCE …………………….. 117

4.1 Hubungan Rusia dan NATO dalam Immediate Deterrence .................. 117 Gambar 4.1 GDP Rusia Setiap Tahun ...................................................... 125 Gambar 4.2 Peta Perbatasan Rusia dengan Negara Baltik......................... 126 Gambar 4.3 Negara Terkuat tahun 2019 ................................................... 127 Gambar 4.4 Latihan Militer Rusia Zapad ................................................. 129 Bagan 4.1 Implementasi Landasan Teoritik dengan Fenomena ................ 131

BAB V PENUTUP ...................................................................................................... 132

5.1 Kesimpulan............................................................................................ 132 5.2 Saran ..................................................................................................... 133

DAFTAR PUSTAKA………………………………………………………… 134 DAFTAR LAMPIRAN…………………………………………………….… 142

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Peta Rusia Sebelum dan Sesudah runtuhnya Uni Soviet………39

Gambar 2.3 Peta Perbatasan Rusia dengan Negara Baltik……………...…..72

Gambar 3.1.2 Struktur Kerja Dalam NATO……………………………………. 84

Gambar 3.2 Misi NATO masa lalu dan sekarang………………………….. 96

Gambar 3.3 Penempatan Pasukan NATO di Baltik dan Polandia…………105

Gambar 3.4 Anggaran Militer negara-negara Baltik………………………113

Gambar 4.1 Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Rusia setiap tahun………….125

Gambar 4.2 Peta Perbatasan Rusia dengan Negara Baltik……………….. 126

Gambar 4.3 Negara Terkuat Tahun 2019……………………………..….. 127

Gambar 4.1 Latihan Militer Rusia Zapad……………….……………….. 129

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 1.6.1 Level Analisa……………..……………….……………….…….24

Tabel 2.1 Perbandingan Tradisional dan NonTradisional…….…………….. 32

Tabel 2.3 Perbandingan Militer Rusia Tahun 2016 dan 2019……………......70

Tabel 2.4 Perbandingan Anggaran Militer tahun 2014 hingga 2017..…….....72

Tabel 3.3 Perbandingan Latihan Militer Tahun 2015 hingga 2019………...109

DAFTAR BAGAN

Bagan 1.5 Operasional Teori General dan Immediate Deterrence…………...20

Bagan 4.1 Implementasi Landasan Teoritik dengan Fenomena……………..131

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