PEKA SCIENCEFORM 2

SCIENCE FORM 2 SET 3STUDENT MANUAL

LEARNING AREA: 7.0 DynamicsLEARNING OBJECTIVE: 7.3 Application of Frictional ForceASSIGNMENT SAMPLE: Task ReportElement 1 : C3, C4, C6, C8, C9, C10, C11 Element 3 : C17

INSTRUCTIONS:1. Conduct activity.2. Make observation, collect, analyze and interpret data. 3. Write a task report.

TASK REPORT FORMAT:

1. Title: Application of Frictional Force

2. AIM: To study the effect of different types of surfaces on the magnitude of frictional force.

3. C11 : State the relationship between the type of surface and the magnitude of frictional force

4. Variables: C10:(i) Manipulated:……………..(ii) Responding:………………(iii) Fixed/Controlled:…………..

5. Apparatus/Materials.

6. Procedure (in passive form)

7. Results/Observation. C6 – Communicating. (record readings/results in Table

6.1) Based on the data collected, also draw a bar graph to show the effect of different types of surfaces on the magnitude frictional force.

C 3 – Measuring and using numbers. (table showing correct

measurement and units.)

8. Discussion and analysis: Answer the questions given. C8 – Based on the experimental data.

1. a) Between the different types of surfaces, which gives the (i) greatest magnitude of frictional force? (ii) lowest magnitude of frictional force?

b) What is the condition of the surface that cause the:

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(i) increase of the frictional force on the wooden block? (ii) decrease of the frictional force on the wooden block?

. c) Arrange in descending order the types of surfaces based on the magnitude of frictional force.

C9 – Define operationally “frictional force”. C4 –

3. a) What can you infer from the results of the experiment? b) Suggest one way to decrease frictional force on the surface of table

9. Conclusion: Do different types of surfaces change the magnitude of friction?

Task Report Checklist:

No. Content Yes1 Title2 Aim3 Variables4 Apparatus/ materials5 Procedure6 Observation7 Discussion/ analysis8 Conclusion

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PEKA SCIENCEFORM 2

SCIENCE FORM 2 SET 3SAMPLE TASK REPORT

1.0 LEARNING OBJECTIVE : 7.3 APPLICATION OF FRICTIONAL FORCE.

2.0 AIM : To study the effect of different types of surfaces on the magnitude of frictional force.

3.0 HYPOTHESIS: The rougher the surface, the greater is the magnitude of frictional force on the wooden block.

4.0 VARIABLES : a) Manipulated : Type of surfaces b) Responding : magnitude of frictional force / Reading of spring balance c) Controlled/fixed : Size of wooden block

5.0 APPARATUS/MATERIALS : Spring balance, thread, wooden block, table, oil/grease, aluminium foil, sandpaper, graph paper.

6.0 PROCEDURE(& diagram) :

1) The apparatus setup is as shown in the figure.2) A wooden block is hooked to a spring balance with a thread.3) The wooden block is then placed on the surface of the table. 4) The wooden block is pulled along the table and the reading of the spring

balance is taken when the block starts to move.5) The experiment is repeated by pulling the wooden block on three other

different types of surfaces6) All the readings were recorded in a table.

7.0 OBSERVATION/RESULTS :a) Table of results:

Type of Surface Condition of Surface Reading of Spring Balance/(N)

Surface of wooden table Rough 5.8 N

Aluminium foil on surface table Smooth 4.5 N

Oil on surface of table Very smooth 3.6 N

Sandpaper on surface of table Very rough 6.5 Nb) Graph of magnitude of frictional force by types of surface.

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C11:3

C10:3

C3:3

C1:3

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7.1 Reading of spring balance is the magnitude of frictional force.

7.2 The reading of spring balance just before/ when object starts to move represents the maximum magnitude of friction that acts on object. 7.3 Yes, the different types of surfaces affect the magnitude of frictional force.

8.0 DISCUSSION/ANALYSIS:

8.1 a) i) The surface of sandpaper gives the greatest magnitude of friction. ii) The oily surface gives the lowest magnitude of friction b) i) The rough surface increases the frictional force on the wooden block. ii) The smooth surface decreases the frictional force on the wooden block

8.2 a) Frictional force is the reading of spring balance when the wooden block is pulled on the surface. b) Frictional force varies with / depends on the types of surfaces.

8.2 a) The types of surface influences the magnitude of frictional force b) We can reduce friction by putting oil/grease/aluminium foil on the surface of table.

9.0 CONCLUSION : Different types of surfaces can change the magnitude of frictional force.

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MAGNITUDE OF FRICTIONAL FORCE BY TYPE OF SURFACE

5.8

4.5

6.5

3.6

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

wooden table aluminium foil sandpaper oil/grease

Magnitude of frictional force

Types of surface

C6:3

C8:3

C9:3

C4:3

PEKA SCIENCEFORM 2

SCIENCE FORM 2 SET 3Guided TASK REPORT

LEARNING AREA:................. LEARNING OBJECTIVE:............. 1.0 TITLE: 7.3 APPLICATION OF FRICTIONAL FORCE.

2.0 AIM : To study the effect of .........................................on the magnitude of frictional force. 3.0 VARIABLES : a) Manipulated : .............................................

b) Responding : ........................................... c) Controlled/fixed : Size/ mass of wooden block

4.0 APPARATUS/MATERIALS : Spring balance, thread, wooden block, wooden table, oil/grease, aluminium foil, sandpaper, graph paper.

5.0 PROCEDURE(& diagram) :

1.The apparatus setup is as shown in the figure.2.A wooden block is hooked to a spring balance with a thread.3.The wooden block is then placed on the surface of the table. 4.The wooden block is pulled along the table and the reading of the spring balance is taken when the block starts to move.6.The experiment is repeated by pulling the wooden block on three other different types of surfaces7.All the readings were recorded in a table.

6.0 OBSERVATION/RESULTS :

a) Table of results:

Type of Surface Condition of Surface Reading of Spring Balance/(N)

Surface of wooden table rough

Aluminium foil on surface table smooth

Oil on surface of table Very smooth

Sandpaper on surface of table Very rough

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b) Graph of magnitude of frictional force by types of surface.

6.1 Reading of spring balance is ........................................................

6.2 The maximum magnitude of friction that acts on object is ........................

6.3 ......., the ..................................change the magnitude of frictional force.

7.0 DISCUSSION/ANALYSIS:

7.1 a) The .......................................gives the greatest magnitude of friction.

b) The ..............surface increases the frictional force on the wooden block.

7.2. By putting ..................................................on the surface of table, we can reduce friction .

7.3Ways to increase friction Ways to decrease friction

1. 1. 2. 2.

7.4 The ......................the type of surface, the ......................is the magnitude of frictional force on the wooden block.

8.0 CONCLUSION :

8.1 The magnitude of frictional force depends on .....................................

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Types of surface

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supplementaryGUIDED ANSWERS:

6.1 .............................. is used to measure the magnitude of frictional force.

6.2 The maximum magnitude of friction that acts on object is the................

..................................................................................................................

6.3 The .............................................change the magnitude of frictional force

7.1 a) The surface of............................gives the greatest magnitude of friction.

b) The ............................surface increases the frictional force on the wooden

block.

7.2. By putting ............................................. on the surface of table will reduce

frictional force.

7.3

Ways to increase friction Ways to decrease friction

1. 1.

2. 2.

7.4 The ..............................the type of surface, the ........................is the

magnitude of frictional force on the wooden block.

8.1 Types of surfaces influences/ determines the.............................................

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Types of surface

Magnitude of frictional force