PED Trng Feb01

7/28/2019 PED Trng Feb01

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HistoryTreaty of Rome (1957)

Signed by the Member states ( Called asFounder Members

Belgium, France, Germany, Italy,Luxembourg, Netherlands

Achieve a Single European Market

For Four Freedoms of the following:

People ---Finance---Services----Goods..

6


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FEW MEMBER JOINED THE UNION,

Denmark, Great Britain, Ireland in 1973

&

Greece in 1981

10


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The New Approach (1985)

Resolution passed by the Member states

General requirement to be achieved

Directive to address Essential requirements

The manufacturer decides the method:

based on the directive

conformity assessment module


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FEW MEMBER JOINED THE UNION,

Portugal & Spain in 1986

&

Austria, Finland & Sweden in 1995

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Pressure Equipment

Directive Published in the Official Journal of the

European Communities

No. L 181 dated 9 July 1997

Available from The Stationary Office

Remove technical barriers to trade withinthe EEA related to pressure equipment bythe harmonisation of the laws of MemberStates

New construction, 1st time putting intoservice /market requirements..


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KEY DATES

Adoption - 29 May 1997

Transposition - 29 May 1999

Entry into force - 29 Nov 1999

Mandatory - 29 May 2002..


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BIGGEST EVER BUNCH JOINED THE UNION,

in May 2004

Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czech Republic,Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Malta, Cyprus

25


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European Free Trade Association

Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Switzerland

25 + 3


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European Economic Area= European Union +

European Free Trade area


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Candidate States

Rumania - Applied in 1997

Bulgaria - Applied in 1995

Turkey - Applied in 1987

25+3+3


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CE MARKING IS MUST FOR FOLLWING 22GROUPS OF PRODUCTS

Appliances burning gaseous

fuels

Cableway installations to

carry Persons

Low voltage electrical

equipment

Construction products

Equipments & protective

Systems used in potentially

explosive atmospheres

Explosives for Civil usesHot Water boilers

Household refrigerators &

freezers

Lift

MachineryMarine Equipment

Medical Devices

Active Inplantable Medical

Devices

In vitro DiagnosticMedical

DevicesNon-automatic weighing devices

Radio & telecommunications

terminal equipment

Personal protective equipments

Simple pressure vessels

Pressure equipment

Recreational craft

Toys

Trans European conventional rail

system


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THE PRESSURE

EQUIPMENT DIRECTIVE..

97/23/EC


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Scope

The Directive (No. 97/23/EC) aimed atharmonising regulations across Europe forthe design, manufacture and conformity

assessment of pressure equipment andassemblies with a maximum allowablepressure (PS) greater than 0.5 barg (= 7.25psig)..


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Definitions

Vessels

Piping

Safety Accessories Pressure accessories

Assemblies..


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Vessels

A housing designed and built to containfluids under pressure including its directattachments up to the coupling point

connecting it to other equipment. A vesselmay be composed of more than onechamber..


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Piping

Piping components intended for thetransport of fluids when connectedtogether for integration into a pressure

system..


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Safety Accessories

Devices designed to protect pressureequipment against the allowable limitsbeing exceeded.

safety valves, bursting discs, etc...

pressure and temperature switches, levelswitches that operate a shutdown orcorrection system..


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Pressure Accessories

Devices with an operational function andhaving pressure bearing housings.

valves

expansion bellows

pipework fittings/flanges..


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Assemblies

Several pieces of pressure equipmentassembled by a manufacturer to constitutean integrated and functional whole.

Does not apply to equipment assembledon site by, and under the responsibility of,the user..


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Exclusions from the Directive

Pipelines outside premises or installations

Pressure tunnels for hydroelectric installations

Simple Pressure Vessels

Aerosols

Equipment for vehicles covered by EC Directives

Weapon systems and firearms

Items designed for use in the nuclear industry..


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Oil/gas drilling equipment upstream of theChristmas Tree

Casings or machinery where the main design

considerations are strength, rigidity and stability

Equipment for the production and casting of steeland non-ferrous metals

Enclosures for high-voltage electrical equipment

Pressurised pipes for the containment oftransmission systems..


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Pressure equipment consisting of a flexible casing

Exhaust and inlet silencers

Bottles and cans for carbonated drinks for finalconsumption

Vessels designed for the transport anddistribution of drinks

Equipment for the transport of dangerous goodsin accordance with the ADR, RID, IMDG & ICAO

conventions

Radiators and pipes in warm water heatingsystems

Ships, rockets, aircraft & mobile off-shore units..


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Exclusions: contd...

Equipment which is classified no higherthan Category I also covered by thefollowing Directives:

Machinery 89/392/EEC Low Voltage 73/23/EEC

Lifts 95/16/EC

Medical Devices 93/42/EEC

Gas Appliances 90/396/EEC

Explosive Atmospheres 94/9/EC..

Cl ifi ti


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Classification

Four categories & sound engineering practice

(SEP) dependant on the level of risk.

Category IV being the highest, SEP lowest.

Classified in nine tables in Annex II by:

type of pressure equipment

pressure, volume or nominal diameter

fluid Gas/ liquid (Group I & 2)..


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Classification - class of

fluid (67/548/EEC) Group 1

explosiveextremely flammable

highly flammableflammablevery toxictoxicoxidising

Group 2others


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PRODUCT CATEGORY

Based onVolume

(liter)

SteamGenerator

nominaldiameter

(DN)

State ofcontents

Gas Liquid Gas Liquid

Fluid

group

1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2

Table 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9


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VESSEL TABLES

Vessel for Group 1 gases

Vessel for Group 2 gases

Vessel for Group 1 liquids Vessel for Group 2 liquids..


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Table 1 -Vessels for Group 1 Gases

0.5

200

1000

SEPI II III

IV

PS=1000

PS=200

1 100 1000 1000 V(l)

10

100

PS=0.5

V=1

bar


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Table 2 -Vessels for Group 2 Gases

0.5

1000

3000

SEPI II III

IV

PS=3000

PS=1000

1 100 1000 10000 V(l)

10

100

PS=4

PS=0.5

bar


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Table 4 -Vessels for Group 2 Liquids

PS

0.5

1000

SEP

I

II

PS=500

1 100 1000 V(l)

10

100PS=10

PS=0.5

I


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STEAM TABLE

Steam Generators..


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PIPING TABLES

Piping for Group 1 gases

Piping for Group 2 gases

Piping for Group 1 liquids Piping for Group 2 liquids..


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Table9 -Group 2 Liquids (diameter)

1 10 100 1000

0.5

1

10

100

5001000

DN

PS = 0.5

PS = 10

PS = 500DN=

200

PS(bar)

I

II

SEP

10000


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Classification

Multi chambered vessels are classifiedaccording to the highest chamber category.

Equipment that can contain several fluidsis classified according to the fluid thatrequires the higher category.

Safety accessories are classified as category

IV, unless specific to an item of pressureequipment of a lower category..


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Manufacturer chooses one conformity

Assessment module based on category

Category Module

I A

II A1 D1 E1

III B1+D B1+F B+E B+C1 H

IV B+D B+F G H1


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Directive Requirements

Satisfy Essential Safety Requirements

Compile a Technical File

Follow appropriate conformity assessmentroute

Place CE marking on equipment

Issue Declaration of Conformity..


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Essential SafetyRequirements

Detailed in Annex 1 of the Directive

Mandatory

Must be addressed where a hazard existsunder operational or reasonablyforeseeable conditions

Requires some form of Risk Assessment toestablish relevant hazards..

E ti l S f t


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Essential Safety

Requirements

Design

Manufacture

Materials

Testing

Marking and Labeling

Instructions..


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Standards

No requirement to use any particularstandard - only to comply with theEssential Safety Requirements.

CEN have been given a mandate by theCommission to prepare standards thataddress the Directives requirements.

These Harmonised Standards may not beavailable until about the time the Directivebecomes mandatory..


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Design

Design for adequate strength based onappropriate loading

Design must incorporate appropriatesafety factors

Design must be based on either:

calculation method

experimental method..


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Design

Safe handling and operation

Means of examination

Means of draining, venting, filling anddischarge

Corrosion, wear and chemical attack

Protection against exceeding allowablelimits..


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Design

Safety Accessories must be:

Reliable and suitable for intended duty

Independent of other functions Pressure limiting devices must prevent the

max. allowable pressure beingpermanently exceeded

Temperature monitoring devices musthave adequate response time..


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Design

Additional requirements also apply to:

Fired or otherwise heated equipment

Piping..


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Example - Factor of Safety

97/23/EC: 2.4

ASME IV: 5

ASME I/ VIII Div. 1: 4, 3.5

ASME VIII Div. 2: 3

Above values are generally consideringUTS, where yield strength governs it maybe different..


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Manufacturing

Manufacture must be by appropriatetechniques and procedures

Joining (welding):

Must be of equivalent strength as parentmaterial

By qualified personnel

Qualified procedures

Approval of procedure & personnel to becarried out by Notified Body or recognisedthird party for cat II, III and IV equipment..


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Manufacturing

Non-destructive examinations must becarried out by qualified personnel,approval for category III & IV to be carried

out by Recognised third party. Heat treatment, if required, must be

applied at the appropriate stage in the

manufacturing process..


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Manufacturing

Final Assessment:

Visual inspection of equipment

Document review

Proof pressure test

Inspection of safety devices..


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Manufacturing

Operating instructions must includerelevant safety information on:

Installation

Putting into service

Use

Maintenance..

M t i l


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Materials

Suitable for intended use and lifetime

Certified and traceable

Must either:

comply with a harmonised standard be subject to a European Approval for

Materials by a Notified Body

be subject to a Particular Materials Appraisal( for Cate. III & IV this to be carried out by

the same Notified Body involved in

conformity assessment)..

Materials for construction


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Harmonised

No

Particular appraisal

European approval

Yes, use straight way,

None available now

For category I , by the

manufacturer For category II,

III, IV by the Notified Body

Yes, use straight way

very few material

available

No

Material


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Materials

Main pressure-bearing parts of equipmentin category II, III & IV must have either

Certificate of specific product control

where the material manufacturer has an

appropriate quality-assurance system,

certified by a competent body..



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Must have

certification

where the material manufacturer has an appropriate quality-

assurance system, certified by a competent body

e.g., ISO 9000 certification.

Certificate of specific

product control

e.g., EN 10204 3.1 C

Material for category II, III &

IV

or

either

ASME Materials


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ASME Materials

Harmonised

No

Particular appraisal

European approval


(None yet)

For category I , by the

manufacturer For category II,

III, IV by the Notified Body


(Some material)

No

Material

f


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European Approval for

Materials Issued at the request of a manufacture(s)

of material or equipment by a NotifiedBody.

NB reviews documentation defining thecharacteristics of materials which are notcovered by any harmonised standard.

NB advises Member State, the NotifiedBodies and the Commission - published inOfficial Journal..


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Specific Quantitative

Requirements For equipment with risk of overheating

and piping

Safety factors to be applied for: Allowable stresses

Weld joint factors

Pressure surge

Hydrostatic test pressure..

Allowable stresses


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Allowable stresses

Ferritic steel the lower of:

2/3 Ret or 5/12 Rm

Austenitic steel:

if elongation > 30%: 2/3 Ret

if elongation > 35%: 5/6 Ret or 1/3 Rmt..


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Joint coefficients

100% NDE : 1.0

Random NDE : 0.85

No NDE (visual only) : 0.7..


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Hydrostatic Pressure Test

The test pressure must be the greater of:

P = 1.25 x (fa/ft) x PS

orP = 1.43 x PS..


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Technical Documentation

Volume in Litre 1 US gallon = 3.785 l

Temp in deg. C C = (F-32)/ 1.8

Nominal size (mm) for piping in DN

Pressure in bar ( 1 bar = 14.5 psi)

Mass in kg ( 1 lb = 0.4536 kg)

Power in kW, Energy in J (1 ft.lbf = 1.356 J)


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Technical Documentation

The technical documentation must:

Demonstrate the conformity of thepressure equipment with the Essential

Safety Requirements of the Directive.

Address the design, manufacture andoperation of the pressure equipment.

Be retained for ten years after the last dateof manufacture..


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Technical Documentation Contents

A general description of the equipment

Conceptual design and manufacturingdrawings

Details of any standards applied

Results of calculations etc.

Test reports..


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Technical Documentation Contents

Details of tests and inspections duringmanufacture

Joining and NDE qualifications and

approvals

Details of the Quality ManagementSystem..


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DESIGN DATA FROM

VENDOR

DEPOSITORY

CERTIFICATE FROM

CUSTOMER

DRAWINGS

DESIGN APPRAISAL FROM NOTIFIED BODY

DESIGN CALCULATIONS AS PER

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD

PARTICULAR MATERIAL APPRAISAL

HAZARD ANALYSIS

INSTRUCTIONMANUAL

MANUFACTURING & PURCHASING


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Graphite

Fabrication

Steel

Fabrication

Purchasing

Bought-outs

Permanent Jointing

procedure &

Qualification

Imperviousness Test

Reports of

Components

Material Heat chart

Material Heat Chart

Production Test coupon report

Weld Coupon, Permanent Jointing

procedure & Qualification

Radiographic layout & reports

Visual Inspection Reports

Pad test report

Material Heat Chart

FINAL ASSEMBLY


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FINAL HYDROTEST & DIMENSIONAL REPORT BY US

FINAL INSPECTION REPORT BY LLOYDS

RUB OFF STAMPING & PHOTOCOPY OF NAME PLATE

AS BUILT DRAWING

DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY BY US.

FINAL DOCUMENTATION

FINAL INSPECTION REPORT BY LLOYDS

CE CERTIFICATE BY NOTIFIED BODY

Design Documents Instruction Manual


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Conformity Assessment

Based on Council Decision 93/465/EECModules

Choice of modules depending on category

ranging from:

self- certification;

third party inspection, by Notified Body;

quality assurance;

combination..

PRESSURE EQUIPMENT CLASSIFICATION


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PRESSURE EQUIPMENT CLASSIFICATION

AND CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT

PS > 0.5bar

Excluded from PEDAnnex A

PED does not apply

PED does not apply

NO

YES

YES

Type of PE

NO

AssembliesPressure AccessoriesSafety Accessories

Vessel Steam Generator Piping


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STEAM GENERATORS

CategorySEP

IIIIIIIV

Module (Annex E)Sound Engineering Practice

AA1, D1, E1

B1+D, B1+F, B+E, B+C1,HB+D, B+F, G, H1

Choose the required module for the categoryZ

Determine conformity assessment category

Determine PS (bar) and Volume (L)

Chart 5

From accessories

and assemblies


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PIPINGDetermine state of

fluid contentsY

Group 1

Gas

Chart 7Chart 6

Group 2

CategorySEP

IIIIIIIV


AA1, D1, E1

B1+D, B1+F, B+E, B+C1,HB+D, B+F, G, H1

Choose the required module for the categoryZ

Determine conformity assessment category

Determine fluid group

Determine PS (bar) and nominal size DN

Group 1

Liquid

Chart 9Chart 8

Group 2

Determine fluid group

From accessories

and assemblies

PRESSURE ACCESORIES


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PRESSURE ACCESORIES

The nominal size DN and the volumeare equally appropriate

Compare the output category starting from X,

with that from Y and take the higher category

Go to Z

The nominal size DN ismore appropriate the volume

The volume ismore appropriate the DN

Go to X

Go to Y

Yes

Yes

No

No


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SAFETY ACCESSORIES

Classified in the samecategory as the

equipment it protects

Manufactured forspecific equipment

Yes No

Choose a module

from Category IV

Choose the required module for the category

CategorySEP

IIIIII

IV


AA1, D1, E1

B1+D, B1+F, B+E, B+C1,H

B+D, B+F, G, H1

Z


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ASSEMBLIES

Assessment of each item in the assembly accordingto its category

Assessment of the integration of its componentsagainst sections 2.3, 2.8 and 2.9 of the Essential

Safety Requirements as determined by the highestcategory applicable to the items.Other than for safety Accessories.

Assessment of the protection of an assembly against

exceeding the permissible operating limits asreferred in sections 2.10 and 3.2.3 of the EssentialSafety Requirements

Go to Z

C t I


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Category I

A - Manufacturers declaration

Notified Bodys involvement notrequired..


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Category II (Any one module)

A1 - Manufacturers declaration withmonitoring of final inspection

D1 - Production quality assurance: ISO 9002

E1 - Product quality assurance: ISO 9003..


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Category III (Any one block of modules)

B1 - Design examinationD - Production quality assurance (ISO 9002)

B1 - Design examinationF - Product verification

B - Type examinationE - Product quality assurance (ISO 9003)

B - Type examinationC1 - Monitoring of final inspection

H - Full quality assurance (ISO 9001)..


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Category IV (Any one block of modules)

B - Type examination

D - Production quality assurance (ISO 9002)

B - Type examination

F - Product verification

G - Unit verification

H1 - Full quality assurance (ISO 9001) withdesign examination and special

surveillance of the final inspection..

NBs Involvement


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Category I - No NB involvement

Category II - QA Approval orSurveillance by NB

Category III - Type or design Exam. and

surveillance by NB or QAApproval

Category IV - Type Examination andverification by NB or QAApproval (plus additionalrequirements)..

Sound Engineering Practice


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g g

applies to equipment with PS or V or

diameter below specified thresholds

design and manufacture in accordancewith sound engineering practice of a

Member State must have adequate instructions for use

manufacturer must be identified

no Notified bodys involvement

does not have CE Marking applied..

C


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CE Marking

The CE marking must not be smaller than5 mm.

The CE marking must be accompanied bythe identification of the notified bodyinvolved at the production control stage..


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CE Marking

Must be accompanied by name and address of manufacturer

year of manufacture

identification (serial no, batch...) essential min./max. allowable limits

Any information or warnings necessary

for safe operation..


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Declaration of Conformity

Name and address of manufacturer

Description of equipment or assembly

Conformity assessment procedurefollowed

Name and address of any Notified Bodies

Reference to any EC Certification..


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Declaration of Conformity

Harmonised Standards applied

Other standards applied

Other applicable EC Directives Particulars of person signing declaration..

S f C


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Safeguard Clause Member State may withdraw or prohibit

placing on market, putting into service oruse of equipment bearing CE mark andused as intended, which it considers

unsafe.

Member State must advise Commission ofmeasures taken, with reasons.

If justified: Commission consults withparties concerned. If not: all MemberStates and specific manufacturer advised

of findings..

Conclusion


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Conclusion

The Directive will be law in all MemberStates

Manufacturer will be responsible forcomplying with the Directive

The Directive aims to harmonise existingsafe practice

The Directive requires set documentation

Apply common sense