Peace Corps Glossary of Business Terms [abri dged 12-15-09 by OCIO]Document Business Terms

8/9/2019 Peace Corps Glossary of Business Terms [abri dged 12-15-09 by OCIO]Document Business Terms

1/19

Whe`h @fqwpBdfppeq~ fj Axpnmhpp Yhqkp

\eaqnibhi 51+58+7> a~ F@NF[

P`fwh? ycnp bdfppeq~ ihjnmhp hmyhqwqnph axpnmhpp yhqkp$ yhqkp ycey eqh pceqhirnyc ych wxadn` fq xphi nmyhqfjjn`h- Ny np mfy nmyhmihi yf ihjnmh hzhq~ axpnmhpp

yhqk ycey np xphi nmyhqmedd~ rnycnm he`c dnmh fqbemneynfm-

Yhqk Ihjnmnynfm Pfxq`hE``hwyhh Em ewwdnèmy ycey cep e``hwyhi em

nmznyeynfm axy cep mfy ~hy eyyhmihipyebnmb-

@FKKFM XPEBH+ MHHI PFXQ@H

E`ynzh E `fxmyq~ pyeyxp ewwdnhi yf e `fxmyq~rnyc xqqhmyd~ phqznmb Zfdxmyhhqpemi&fq yqenmhhp$ emi e`ynzh Whe`h

@fqwp pyejj- E `fxmyq~ np e`ynzh fmych ieyh ych jnqpy yqenmhhp eqqnzh fqqhyxqm nj ych `fxmyq~ rep pxpwhmihi-

Ieye PyemieqipBqfxw Eq`cnzhp

E`ynznynhp Em~ rfql ifmh a~ e Zfdxmyhhq ycey npweqy fj e #Whe`h @fqwp. wqfoh`y

Wqfbqekknmb *Yqenmnmb Affldhy5

Ejqnè #EJQ. Fmh fj ycqhh Whe`h @fqwp+ihjnmhiqhbnfmp rchqh Whe`h @fqwp fmix`ypfzhqphep wqfoh`yp- Ych Ejqnè qhbnfmnp ihjnmhi a~ ych `fxmyqnhp eminpdemip fj ych Ejqnèm `fmynmhmy-

@FKKFM XPEBH+ MHHI PFXQ@H

Ewwdnèmy E whqpfm rcf cep pxaknyyhi em

ewwdnèynfm yf ah`fkh e Whe`h @fqwpZfdxmyhhq axy cep mfy ~hy eyyhmihi epyebnmb- Ycnp wceph nm ych ZfdxmyhhqDnjh`~`dh np pxainznihi nmyfewwdnèmy$ mfknmhh$ nmznyhh$ fqe``hwyhh-ELE @eminieyh Zfdxmyhhq

@FKKFM XPEBH

+

Ewwdnèynfm Nmjfqkeynfm wqfznihi a~ ewqfpwh`ynzh zfdxmyhhq yf ych Whe`h@fqwp yf nmnyneyh ych wqf`hpp fjah`fknmb e zfdxmyhhq- Ychewwdnèynfm nm`dxihp ae`lbqfxminmjfqkeynfm emi e ihp`qnwynfm fj ych

ewwdnèmy"p lmfrdhibh$ Plnddp$ emieandnynhp$ emi hswdenmp ychnqkfynzeynfm jfq ah`fknmb e zfdxmyhhq-

ZIP ep+npHmyhqwqnphEq`cnyh`yxqh

Eqhe Whe`h @fqwpKhinèd Fjjn`hq#EW@KF.

E wc~pn`nem rcf$ nm eiinynfm yfphqznmb ep e wc~pn`nem eiznpfq nm eaeph `fxmyq~$ pxwwfqyp W@KFp nm fmhfq kfqh mhnbcafqnmb fxmyqnhp

Kemxed Ph`ynfm1:5

Epphppkhmy Hzedxeynfm fj em ewwdnèmyp plnddpemi pxnyeandny~ jfq Whe`h @fqwp

@FKKFM XPEBH+


2/19

Phqzn`h- He`c ewwdnèmy np epphpphijfq yh`cmnèd plnddp$ dembxebh emi`qfpp `xdyxqed plnddp$ kfynzeynfm$ emi`fkknykhmy-

Eppnbmkhmy Eqhe#EE.

Ihp`qnwynfm fj ych yqenmnmb$uxednjnèynfmp$ emi hswhqnhm`h

qhuxnqhi yf rfql nm e zfdxmyhhqeppnbmkhmy- Edd zfdxmyhhqeppnbmkhmyp eqh fqbemnhi nmyf 1:eppnbmkhmy eqhep- Ny np ych `fkkfmqhjhqhm`h a~ rcn`c wfpyp qhuxhpyyqenmhhp emi ZQP qh`qxnyp ewwdnèmyp-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Eppnbmkhmy EqhePh`yfq

E aqfei eqhe xmihq rcn`c Whe`h@fqwp Eppnbmkhmy Eqhep eqhbqfxwhi- Eppnbmkhmy Eqhe ph`yfqpeqh mfy aqflhm ifrm nmyf pxa ph`yfqp#ZQP.

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Ae`lbqfxmi

@ch`l

Nmzhpynbeynfm whqjfqkhi yf hmpxqh

ycey ychqh eqh mf dhbed nppxhp aeqqnmbe èminieyh jqfk phqzn`h ep e Whe`h@fqwp zfdxmyhhq-

ZIP ep+np

HmyhqwqnphEq`cnyh`yxqh

Axibhyhi YqenmhhNmwxy #AYN.

Mxkahq fj Yqenmhhp ycey èm ahpxwwfqyhi a~ ych Whe`h @fqwpewwqfwqneynfmp axibhy-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

@eminieyhZfdxmyhhq

Nminznixed rcf cep nmuxnqhi eafxyphqzn`h ep e Whe`h @fqwp zfdxmyhhqfq pxaknyyhi e W@Z ewwdnèynfm-ELEWqfpwh`y$ Ewwdnèmy


@dfph fj Phqzn`h#@FP. @fmjhqhm`h

E wdemmhi hzhmy ycey keqlp ych hmifj e Zfdxmyhhqp phqzn`h- E`ynznynhpeqh wdemmhi yf eppnpy Zfdxmyhhqp nmkelnmb ych yqempnynfm ae`l yf ychXmnyhi Pyeyhp emi yf qh`hnzhZfdxmyhhq jhhiae`l fm ychnqeppnbmkhmyp-


@dfphi E `fxmyq~ pyeyxp ewwdnhi yf e `fxmyq~rchqh ychqh eqh mf Zfdxmyhhqp fqyqenmhhp emi mf Whe`h @fqwp pyejj-Ieyh fj `dfpxqh np ihjnmhi ep ieyhrchm depy Whe`h @fqwp pyejj whqpfmihweqyp-


@fkkxmny~ E bqfxw fj whfwdh dnznmb nm ych pekhbhfbqewcn` eqhe ycey np eppnpyhi a~ eWhe`h @fqwp Zfdxmyhhq$ xpxedd~ eznddebh fq mhnbcafqcffi-

P~pyhkQhuxnqhkhmypPwh`njnèynfm W@ZQK zhq- 5-5

@fkkxmny~Khkahqp

Ych nminznixedp rcf eqh ych xdynkeyhyeqbhy fj e wqfoh`y nmyhqzhmynfm emijfq rcfk ych wqfoh`y np rfqlnmb yfnkwqfzh xwfm e aepn` dnjh `fminynfm$n-h-$ jffi$ pchdyhq$ chedyc$



3/19

hkwdf~khmy$ hixèynfm$ nm`fkh uxedny~ fj dnjh nminèyfqp$ hy`-

@fkkxmny~Weqymhqp

Ych nminznixedp rnyc rcfkZfdxmyhhqp rfql nm fkkxmny~phyynmbp$ pfkhynkhp qhjhqqhi yf ep`fxmyhqweqyp fq phqzn`h wqfznihqp-


@fkwdhynfm fjPhqzn`h #@FP.

E pwh`njn` ieyh$ xpxedd~ ejyhq yrf~heqp$ ejyhq rcn`c e Whe`h @fqwpZfdxmyhhqp `fkknykhmy yf phqzhych cfpy `fxmyq~ ep fxydnmhi nm ychZfdxmyhhq Eppnbmkhmy Ihp`qnwynfmcep ahhm jxdjnddhi-ELE @dfph fjPhqzn`h

Kemxed Ph`ynfm135

@fmynmxnmbKhinèd Hixèynfm#@KH.

E `fmjhqhm`h ycey fjjhqp `fmynmxnmbkhinèd hixèynfm `qhinyp yf`fmyqe`yhi W@KFp rfqlnmb 17 fqkfqh cfxqp whq rhhl-

Lnkahqd~ Plqyn`$ZP&KP

@fqqhpwfmihm`h

Key`c

E @fzhqihdd Rfqdi Rnph P`cffdp

wqfbqek ycey key`chp xw Whe`h@fqwp Zfdxmyhhqp nm ych jnhdi rnycX-P- deppqffk yhe`chqp-

Whe`h @fqwp

Rhapnyh

@fxmyhqweqy Ych khm$ rfkhm$ fq ~fxyc nm`fkkxmnynhp ycey pceqhqhpwfmpnandnynhp rnyc Zfdxmyhhqp yfèqq~ fxy wqfoh`y e`ynznynhp-ELE@fkkxmny~ Weqymhq

NmyhqmeynfmedFwhqeynfmp ep+npHmyhqwqnphEq`cnyh`yxqh

@fxmyq~Ebqhhkhmy

5. Ych jfqked ebqhhkhmy ahyrhhmych Whe`h @fqwp emi ych cfpy`fxmyq~- Nm`dxihp e pxkkeq~ fj`fxmyq~ mhhip emi fmpyqenmyp1. E dhbedd~ anminmb if`xkhmyihzhdfwhi a~ ych Whe`h @fqwp emiych fzhqphhnmb cfpy+`fxmyq~bfzhqmkhmyed afi~ qhpwfmpnadh jfqfzhqphhnmb Whe`h @fqwp e`ynznynhp-

Ych if`xkhmy pwh`njnhp Whe`h @fqwpwqfbqek bfedp emi e`ynznynhp-

5. ZIP ep+npHmyhqwqnphEq`cnyh`yxqh1. Wqfbqekknmb* YqenmnmbAffldhy 5

@fxmyq~ Mhhi Ych nppxh#p. jfq rcn`c ych cfpy`fxmyq~ cep qhuxhpyhi pxwwfqy jqfkWhe`h @fqwp-


@fxmyq~ Pyeyxp Ych fwhqeynmb pyeyxp fj e Whe`h@fqwp wfpy-

@FKKFM XPEBH

@fzhqihdd RfqdiRnph P`cffdp

E ifkhpyn` wqfbqek fj ych Whe`h@fqwp ycey `fmmh`yp Ekhqnèm`deppqffk yhe`chqp emi ychnqpyxihmyp rnyc Whe`h @fqwpZfdxmyhhqp ycqfxbc phzhqed key`cwqfbqekp emi xqqn`xdxkwxadnèynfmp-

Whe`h @fqwpNmyqemhy


4/19

@qnkh Nm`nihmyQhwfqynmb P~pyhk#@NQP.

@NQP np xphi a~ Whe`h @fqwp wfpypyejj yf qhwfqy edd `qnkh+qhdeyhinm`nihmyp ebenmpy Zfdxmyhhqp emiyqenmhhp nm`dxinmb phsxed eppexdyp$wc~pnèd eppexdyp$ emi wqfwhqy~`qnkhp- Nm eiinynfm$ ych @NQP np xphi

ep e qhwfqynmb emi mfynjnèynfmp~pyhk jfq edd Zfdxmyhhq iheycp-

Whe`h @fqwpNmyqemhy

@xqqhmy @fmye`yNmjfqkeynfm

E y~wh fj `fmye`y Nmjfqkeynfm jfqnminznixedp ycey eqh nm fq cezh`fkwdhyhi ych zfdxmyhhq dnjh`~`dh- Nynm`dxihp em nminznixedp kfpy qh`hmy`fmye`y nmjfqkeynfm-

@FKKFM XPEBH

Ihp`qnwynfm fjPhqzn`h #IFP.

Ych Zfdxmyhhq Ihp`qnwynfm fj Phqzn`h#IFP. Pyeyhkhmy phqzhp ep ychfjjn`ned Whe`h @fqwp qhjhqhm`h jfqqhyxqmhi Whe`h @fqwp Zfdxmyhhqp- Nyihp`qnahp ych Zfdxmyhhq"p yqenmnmb

emi fzhqphep e`ynznynhp nm mfm+hzedxeynzh yhqkp emi$ rchmewwqfwqneyh$ nm`dxihp HF 55570`hqynjnèynfm #mfm+`fkwhynynzhhdnbnandny~ jfq phdh`ynfm jfq jhihqedhkwdf~khmy.-

Kemxed Ph`ynfm138

Ihzhdfwkhmy@ffwhqeynfmEbhm`nhp

Fqbemneynfmp nmzfdzhi nmihzhdfwkhmy hjjfqyp nm ych cfpy`fxmyq~- Ychph nm`dxih deqbh MBFp#@EQH.$ andeyhqed fqbemneynfmp#XPENI jqfk ych XP$ IEMNIE jqfkIhmkeql.$ fq kxdyndeyhqedfqbemneynfmp #[email protected] Ychph ke~fq ke~ mfy ah pyelhcfdihqp rcfcezh pfkh nmzfdzhkhmy nm e Whe`h@fqwp wqfoh`y-


Ifkhpyn`Wqfbqekp

Whe`h @fqwp wqfbqekp ycey yelhwde`h nm ych Xmnyhi Pyeyhp

@FKKFM XPEBH Kemxed Ph`ynfm51:

Heqd~ @fkwdhynfmfj Phqzn`h #Heqd~@FP.

E Zfdxmyhhq"p @FP ieyh ke~ aheizem`hi xw yf >7 ie~p nj ychZfdxmyhhq rndd cezh `fkwdhyhicnp&chq wqnkeq~ emi ph`fmieq~qhpwfmpnandnynhp ahjfqh ych wqfwfphi@FP ieyh-

Kemxed Ph`ynfm135

Heqd~ Yhqknmeynfm#HY.

Ych hmi fj e Whe`h @fqwpZfdxmyhhqp phqzn`h wqnfq yf ych`fkwdhynfm fj phqzn`h ieyh- Ychqheqh jfxq y~whp? qhpnbmeynfm$ khinèdphweqeynfm$ eiknmnpyqeynzhphweqeynfm$ nmyhqqxwyhi phqzn`h-

Kemxed Ph`ynfm139

Hkhqbhm`~ E`ynfm E ihyendhi `fxmyq~+pwh`njn` wdem ycey Hkhqbhm`~


5/19

Wdem #HEW. np xphi a~ e Whe`h @fqwp wfpy$zfdxmyhhqp$ emi cheiuxeqyhqp pyejj nmqhpwfmph yf hkhqbhm`~ pnyxeynfmp-

E`ynfm WdemPyemieqiFwhqeynmbWqf`hixqhp

Hkhqbhm`~@fkkxmnèynfm

P~pyhk

Ep weqy fj ych HEW$ ych hkhqbhm`~`fkkxmnèynfm p~pyhk ihjnmhp

hjjn`nhmy emi ynkhd~ `fkkxmnèynfmfj nmjfqkeynfm yf zfdxmyhhqp emipyejj-

Hkhqbhm`~E`ynfm Wdem

PyemieqiFwhqeynmbWqf`hixqhp

Hkhqbhm`~KhinèdHze`xeynfm

Hkhqbhm`~ khinèd hze`xeynfm npxphi jfq e`xyh$ dnjh+ dnka+ emi fqbem+ycqheyhmnmb hkhqbhm`nhp yceyqhuxnqh hkhqbhm`~ khinèdhze`xeynfm a~ e `ceqyhqhi enq`qejy yfhmpxqh ynkhd~ ihdnzhq~ fj èqh-

Khinèd Yh`cmnèdBxnihdnmh 038

Hmyhq fm Ixy~#HFI.

Rchm em ewwdnèmy #e``hwyhh. pnbmpnm ey e pyebnmb hzhmy$ ych ewwdnèmycep hmyhqhi fm ixy~- Em HFI

qhjhqp yf e whqpfm ycey cep hmyhqhifm ixy~ emi np p~mfm~kfxp rnyc

Yqenmhh Nmwxy-

@FKKFM XPEBH

Hxqfwh$Khinyhqqemhem$Epne #HKE.

Fmh fj ycqhh Whe`h @fqwp wqfbqekqhbnfmp- Nm`dxihp wfpyp nm Hxqfwh$Khinyhqqemhem$ emi Epnem fxmyqnhp-

@FKKFM XPEBH

Hze`xeynfm E wceph nm e wfpyp HEW nm rcn`czfdxmyhhqp eqh nmpyqx`yhi yf kfzh yfe pwh`njnhi dfèynfm jfqyqempwfqy&hze`xeynfm fxy fj ych`fxmyq~-

Hkhqbhm`~E`ynfm WdemPyemieqiFwhqeynmbWqf`hixqhp

Hsyhmpnfm E Zfdxmyhhq rcfph fmynmxhi phqzn`hnp ihpnqhi a~ e cfpy `fxmyq~ ke~qhuxhpy whqknppnfm yf hsyhmi phqzn`ha~ pxaknyynmb e rqnyyhm qhuxhpy yfych @fxmyq~ Inqh`yfq-

Kemxed Ph`ynfm135

JH@E @denk Em epphqynfm jfq JH@E ahmhjnyp a~ ejfqkhq Whe`h @fqwp Zfdxmyhhq fq

Yqenmhh-

@eychqnmh@eqmh~$ ZP&KP

JhihqedHkwdf~hhp"@fkwhmpeynfm E`y#JH@E.

Wfpy+phqzn`h ahmhjnyp ezendeadh yfZfdxmyhhqp emi Yqenmhhp- JH@Ewqfznihp fkwhmpeynfm ahmhjnyp yf`nzndnem hkwdf~hhp fj ych XmnyhiPyeyhp jfq inpeandny~ qhpxdynmb jqfkwhqpfmed nmoxq~ pxpyenmhi nm ych!whqjfqkem`h fj ixy~$! fq jqfkhkwdf~khmy+qhdeyhi inphephp- JH@Enp eiknmnpyhqhi a~ ych Fjjn`h fjRfqlhqp" @fkwhmpeynfm Wqfbqekp#FR@W.$ X-P- Ihweqykhmy fj Deafq-

Kemxed Ph`ynfm1::

Jhddfrp&XPE E bqeixeyh jhddfrpcnw wqfbqek jfqqhyxqmhi Whe`h @fqwp Zfdxmyhhqp-

Whe`h @fqwpNmyqemhy


6/19

Jnhdi Hmqfddkhmy F`èpnfmedd~$ e wqfpwh`ynzh ewwdnèmyjfq ych Whe`h @fqwp ke~ qhpnih nm e`fxmyq~ rchqh ch&pch `fxdi aheppnbmhi ep e Zfdxmyhhq- Nm px`c eèph$ ny ke~ ah wfppnadh yf hmqfdd ychewwdnèmy nm ych jnhdi-

Kemxed Ph`ynfm170

Jnmed KhinèdInpwfpnynfm

Jnmed pyeyxp fj em ewwdnèmyp khinèdqhznhr$ qhpxdynmb nm hnychq khinèdd~uxednjnhi fq khinèdd~ mfy uxednjnhijfq zfdxmyhhq phqzn`h-

@FKKFM XPEBH

Bqeixeynmb E `fxmyq~ pyeyxp ewwdnhi yf e `fxmyq~rnyc mf Zfdxmyhhqp fq yqenmhhp$ emirnyc pyejj rcf eqh nm ych wqf`hpp fjpcxyynmb ifrm Whe`h @fqwpfwhqeynfmp nm ycey `fxmyq~-


Chedyc Nmpxqem`hWfqyeandny~ emiE``fxmyeandny~ E`y

#CNWEE.

Ahèxph Whe`h @fqwp wqfznihpemi&fq we~p jfq khinèd phqzn`hp yfnyp Zfdxmyhhqp #ep phy jfqyc nm Kemxed

Ph`ynfm1:1.$ Whe`h @fqwp np`fmpnihqhi a~ ych X-P- Ihweqykhmyfj Chedyc emi Cxkem Phqzn`hp yf ahe `fzhqhi hmyny~ xmihq CNWEE-Cfrhzhq$ fmd~ ych Whe`h @fqwp"e`ynznynhp nm ych Xmnyhi Pyeyhp eqhpxaoh`y yf CNWEE emi nypnkwdhkhmynmb qhbxdeynfmp- CNWEEifhp mfy ewwd~ yf Whe`h @fqwp"khinèd e`ynznynhp fzhqphep

11 XP@ 1870#a.5

Chedyc P`qhhm Ych Chedyc P`qhhm fj ewwdnèmyp npych `xpyfknhi hzedxeynfm fj ychèminieyh"p chedyc$ aephi fm ychwqfjndh wqfznihi nm ych CPQpxaknyyhi rnyc ych ewwdnèynfm- Ychp`qhhm nm`dxihp em hzedxeynfm fj ychèminieyh"p wc~pnèd hsek$ ihmyedemi h~h hseknmeynfm-


Chedyc PyeyxpQhznhr

Khinèd wqfjndh&cnpyfq~ pxaknyyhi a~ych ewwdnèmy- Aephi fm ychnmjfqkeynfm wqfznihi$ ych ewwdnèmyrndd ah qhuxhpyhi yf wqfzniheiinynfmed nmjfqkeynfm yf hmeadhFKemxed Ph`ynfmyf hzedxeyh ychèminieyhp khinèd pxnyeandny~ jfqphqzn`h ep e Whe`h @fqwp Zfdxmyhhq-


Cfkh fj Qh`fqi@fmye`yNmjfqkeynfm

Ych Cfkh+fj+Qh`fqi np ych ny~ emipyeyh fq `fxmyq~ ych Yqenmhh fqZfdxmyhhq ihyhqknmhp yf ah cnp fqchq wde`h fj whqkemhmy qhpnihm`hemi np ych wde`h yf rcn`c yhqknmeynfm

Kemxed Ph`ynfm15>


7/19

yqezhd np exycfqnhi-

Cfpy @fxmyq~ E `fxmyq~ ycey cep qhuxhpyhipxwwfqy jqfk emi ebqhhi yf cfpyWhe`h @fqwp zfdxmyhhqp-


Cfpy @fxmyq~

Meynfmed #C@M.

@nynhm fj e `fxmyq~ nm rcn`c e Whe`h

@fqwp wfpy np dfèyhi-

@FKKFM XPEBH

Cfpy @fxmyq~Weqymhq

5. E cfpy `fxmyq~ knmnpyq~ fq MBFycey `ffwhqeyhp rnyc e Whe`h @fqwpwqfbqek- Ych weqymhq ke~ pwfmpfqfq pxwwfqy zfdxmyhhqp fq wqfoh`yp$weqyn`nweyh nm yqenmnmb hzhmyp$ fq cfpy`fmjhqhm`hp fm dfèd ihzhdfwkhmynppxhp- E cfpy `fxmyq~ knmnpyq~ ke~ah nmzfdzhi nm ihpnbmnmb$nkwdhkhmynmb$ emi&fq epphppnmb ewqfoh`y-1. Cfpy+`fxmyq~ bfzhqmkhmy

knmnpyqnhp emi&fq dfèd mfm+bfzhqmkhmyed ebhm`nhp #MBFp. yceyeqh f+ihpnbmnmb$ nkwdhkhmynmb$ emiepphppnmb e wqfoh`y rnyc Whe`h@fqwp- Ychqh ke~ ah fmh fq kfqhebhm`~ weqymhqp nmzfdzhi nm e wqfoh`ynm pfkh qfdh- ELE Cfpy @fxmyq~

Ebhm`~ Weqymhq$ WeqymhqFqbemneynfm

5. NmyhqmeynfmedFwhqeynfmp ep+npHmyhqwqnphEq`cnyh`yxqh1. Wqfbqekknmb* YqenmnmbAffldhy 5

Nminznixed E whqpfm ycey e Whe`h @fqwpZfdxmyhhq eppnpyp fq qhe`chp inqh`yd~$px`c ep e `fkkxmny~ khkahq$

pyxihmy$ jeqkhq$ fq pkedd axpnmhppfrmhq-

P~pyhkQhuxnqhkhmypPwh`njnèynfm

W@ZQK zhq- 5-5

Nmuxnq~ E qhuxhpy jfq nmjfqkeynfm eafxyah`fknmb e Whe`h @fqwp Zfdxmyhhq-


Nm+Phqzn`hYqenmnmb #NPY.

Yqenmnmb e`ynznynhp ycey yelh wde`h nmych zfdxmyhhqp eppnbmhi fxmyq~ixqnmb ych whqnfi fj phqzn`h emikhhy e zfdxmyhhqp fmbfnmb yqenmnmbmhhip? yh`cmnèd$ dnmbxnpyn`$ `qfpp+`xdyxqed$ chedyc$ emi whqpfmed pejhy~-NPYp ke~ nm`dxih heqd~ phqzn`h$ kni

phqzn`h$ emi `dfph fj phqzn`h`fmjhqhm`hp-


NmyhbqeyhiWdemmnmb emiAxibhy P~pyhk#NWAP.

Em emmxed wqf`hpp ycey ihp`qnahp eWhe`h @fqwp wfpyp #fq CU dnmhfqbemneynfm. wqfbqek pyqeyhbnhp emibfedp- Jfq wfpyp$ ny nm`dxihp wqfwfphimhr wqfoh`yp$ e ihp`qnwynfm fj ych~heqp wqfbqekknmb emi yqenmnmb

Wqfbqekknmb *Yqenmnmb Affldhy


8/19

hzhmyp$ emi axibhy-Nmyhq EkhqnèWe`njn` #NEW.

Fmh fj ycqhh Whe`h @fqwp wqfbqekqhbnfmp- Nm`dxihp wfpyp nm ych@eqnaahem$ @hmyqed Ekhqnè$ PfxycEkhqnè$ emi We`njn` Npdemip-

@FKKFM XPEBHKemxed Ph`ynfm511

Nmyhqqxwyhi

Phqzn`h #NP.

E y~wh fj Heqd~ Yhqknmeynfm-

Zfdxmyhhq ke~ ah phweqeyhi rnycnmyhqqxwyhi phqzn`h nj @fxmyq~Inqh`yfq ihyhqknmhp ycey`nq`xkpyem`h ah~fmi ych `fmyqfd fjych Zfdxmyhhq kelh ny mh`hppeq~ jfqych Zfdxmyhhq yf dhezh cnp&chqeppnbmkhmy-

Kemxed

Ph`ynfm139

Nmznyeynfm 5+Em fjjhq keih yf em ewwdnèmy jfq epwh`njn` zfdxmyhhq eppnbmkhmy1+@fmjnqkeynfm fj ych èminieyh"peppnbmkhmy yf e pwh`njn` `fxmyq~wqfbqek$ nm`dxinmb ZEI emi

ihweqyxqh ieyh-

5+@FKKFMXPEBH1+ZIP ep+npHmyhqwqnphEq`cnyh`yxqh

Nmznyhh Em ewwdnèmy ycey cep ahhm nmznyhia~ e wde`hkhmy fjjn`hq yf e pwh`njn`zfdxmyhhq eppnbmkhmy-

@FKKFM XPEBH

Dnznmb Eddfrem`h Eddfrem`h weni yf Zfdxmyhhqp jfqychnq pxwwfqy rcndh nm ychnq `fxmyq~ fjeppnbmkhmy-ELE Zfdxmyhhq Dnznmb

Eddfrem`h

Kemxed Ph`ynfm115

Dfèd Dembxebh E dembxebh pwflhm nm fmh fq kfqhdfèd `fkkxmnynhp rnycnm e cfpy`fxmyq~-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

KepyhqpNmyhqmeynfmed

Whe`h @fqwp ifkhpyn` wqfbqek ycey`fkanmhp bqeixeyh pyxi~ rnyc Whe`h@fqwp phqzn`h jfq wqfpwh`ynzhZfdxmyhhqp-

Whe`h @fqwpNmyqemhy? YedlnmbWfnmyp KN&Jhddfrp XPE@fkweqnpfm

KhihzeÈddfrem`h

Yqenmhhp rcf eqh yqheyhi nm ychXmnyhi Pyeyhp jfq khinèd qhepfmpqh`hnzh e iend~ Khihze` fq KhinèdCfdi eddfrem`h$ jfq khedp eminm`nihmyed hswhmphp$ xmdhpp khedpeqh wqfznihi ey Bfzhqmkhmyhswhmph$ h-b-$ ych yqenmhh npcfpwnyednhi- Ycqhh ie~p rfqyc fjych eddfrem`h$ wdxp em hm qfxyhyqezhd eddfrem`h$ pcfxdi ah bnzhm yfych Yqenmhh nm+`fxmyq~ wqnfq yfihweqyxqh jfq ych Xmnyhi Pyeyhp- Eqhuxhpy jfq kfqh ycem ycqhh ie~p fjych eddfrem`h jfq e Yqenmhh nm+`fxmyq~ kxpy ah exycfqnhi a~ ych

FKP-

Kemxed Ph`ynfm111


9/19

Khinèd @denk E `denk a~ em ewwdnèmy$ W@Z$ fqQW@Z jfq qhnkaxqphkhmy jfq khinèdphqzn`hp qhmihqhi ixqnmb ych Whe`h@fqwp ewwdnèynfm wqf`hpp$ ixqnmbWhe`h @fqwp phqzn`h$ fq ep e qhpxdy fjWhe`h @fqwp phqzn`h-


KhinèdInpwfpnynfm

@xqqhmy pyeyxp fj em ewwdnèmypkhinèd qhznhr-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

KhinèdHze`xeynfm#Khihze`.

Em~ yqempjhq fj e Zfdxmyhhq e`qfpp emnmyhqmeynfmed afqihq nm fqihq yf qhe`ce cnbchq dhzhd fj èqh- Nm bhmhqed$khihze` np nminèyhi rchm em nddmhppfq nmoxq~ qhuxnqhp hzedxeynfm emiyqheykhmy ah~fmi ych p`fwh fj èqhezendeadh nm+`fxmyq~ ycqfxbc? #5. ychWhe`h @fqwp chedyc xmny$ #1. jnhdi`fmpxdyeynfm$ emi #0. ewwqfzhi nm+`fxmyq~ fmpxdyemyp emi qhpfxq`hp-

Ych keofqny~ fj khihze`p eqh yf ychX-P- Nm `hqyenm `nq`xkpyem`hp$cfrhzhq$ khihze`p eqh yf e qhbnfmedhze`xeynfm pnyh fq fychq mfm+X-P-dfèynfm-


KhinèdHze`xeynfmEddfrem`h

Yqenmhhp khinèdd~ hze`xeyhi yf eycnqi `fxmyq~ rndd qh`hnzh e pyemieqiiend~ eddfrem`h jfq ycey whqnfi fjynkh ixqnmb rcn`c ych~ eqh qh`hnznmbphqzn`hp fq eqh cfpwnyednhi-

Kemxed Ph`ynfm111

KhinèdHze`xeynfm Wdem

E fkwqhchmpnzh$ fxmyq~+pwh`njn`qhpfxq`h ihpnbmhi yf eppnpy he`cWhe`h @fqwp wfpy rnyc ych pejh emihjjn`nhmy hze`xeynfm fj Zfdxmyhhqp-

Ych W@KF$ rnyc pxwwfqy jqfk`fxmyq~ pyejj emi FKP$ np qhpwfmpnadhjfq ihzhdfwnmb ych KhinèdHze`xeynfm Wdem-


Khinèd Jfdihq E cqfmfdfbnèd qh`fqi fj whqpfmedkhinèd nmjfqkeynfm jfq he`cZfdxmyhhq jqfk ych ynkh fj ych wqh+yqenmnmb wc~pnèd&ihmyed hseknmeynfmycqfxbc yhqknmeynfm fj phqzn`h-

Kemxed Ph`ynfm1:2

Khinèd CfdiEddfrem`h

Phh Khihze` Eddfrem`h Kemxed Ph`ynfm111

Khinèd Lny E phy fj khinèd jfqkp emi dhyyhqpphmy yf e Whe`h @fqwp ewwdnèmy epweqy fj ych ewwdnèynfm wqf`hpp jfqWhe`h @fqwp phqzn`h-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Khinèd FzhqphepPyejj Yqenmnmb#KFPY.

Ycqhh+rhhl dfmb eiknmnpyqeynzh`fmjhqhm`h jfq qh`hmyd~ cnqhi W@KFp-



10/19

KhinèdUxednjnèynfm

E khinèd inpwfpnynfm nm rcn`c emewwdnèmy qh`hnzhp `dheqem`h yf phqzhey fmh fq kfqh Whe`h @fqwp wfpyp-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

KhinèdQhpyqn`ynfm Dnpy

Dnpy fj Whe`h @fqwp wfpyp ycey èmkhinèdd~ pxwwfqy zfdxmyhhqp yceycezh e weqyn`xdeq khinèd `fminynfm

fq qhuxnqhkhmy-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

KhinèdPhweqeynfm

E y~wh fj Heqd~ Yhqknmeynfm- EZfdxmyhhq rnyc e khinèd `fminynfmycey W@ èmmfy khinèdd~e``fkkfieyh fq qhpfdzh rnycnm 98ie~p np khinèdd~ phweqeyhi-

Kemxed Ph`ynfm139

Khinèdd~ MfyUxednjnhi

E khinèd inpwfpnynfm nm rcn`c emewwdnèmy ifhp mfy qh`hnzh `dheqem`hyf phqzh nm ych Whe`h @fqwp-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Kni+phqzn`h@fmjhqhm`h #KP@.

E y~wh fj nm+phqzn`h yqenmnmb yceyxpxedd~ cewwhmp ey ych hmi fj ezfdxmyhhqp jnqpy ~heq fj phqzn`h-ELE

kni+phqzn`h yqenmnmb #KPY.

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Mhsy fj Lnm@fmye`yNmjfqkeynfm

E y~wh fj `fmye`y Nmjfqkeynfm jfqnminznixedp ycey eqh nm fq cezh`fkwdhyhi ych zfdxmyhhq dnjh`~`dh- Nynm`dxihp `fmye`y nmjfqkeynfm fj emnminznixedp jeknd~ khkahq-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Mfknmeynfm Qh`qxnyhq"p qh`fkkhmieynfm yfjxqychq `fmpnihq e èminieyh jfqwde`hkhmy ep e Whe`h @fqwpZfdxmyhhq-


Mfknmhh Em ewwdnèmy ycey cep ahhmmfknmeyhi a~ e qh`qxnyhq-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Fm AfeqiPyqhmbyc #FAP.

Ych mxkahq fj nminznixedp$ phqznmbfzhqphep hnychq ep yqenmhhp fqZfdxmyhhqp$ ey ych hmi fj ych jnpèd~heq #Phwy-07ycG knimnbcy.$ eminm`dxinmb @qnpnp @fqwp emi XmnyhiMeynfmp Zfdxmyhhqp-


Fqbemneynfm Em fqbemnhi pyqx`yxqh eppnpyhi a~ eWhe`h @fqw Zfdxmyhhq$ px`c ep ep`cffd$ bfzhqmkhmyed fqmfmbfzhqmkhmyed fqbemneynfm#MBF.$ fkkxmny~+aephifqbemneynfm #@AF.$ jenyc aephifqbemneynfm #JAF.$ chedyc `dnmn`$nmjfqked fkkxmny~ bqfxw$eppf`neynfm$ `ffwhqeynzh$ hy`-


Fxy fj Pnyh Ynkh Zfdxmyhhq ynkh pwhmy ere~ jqfk pnyh @FKKFM XPEBH+

Fxy`fkh E `cembh nm lmfrdhibh$ plnddp$eyynyxih$ ahceznfq$ fq `fminynfm fjwqfoh`y weqyn`nwemyp emi ychnq

P~pyhkQhuxnqhkhmypPwh`njnèynfm


11/19

`fkkxmnynhp- W@ZQK zhq- 5-5Weqyn`nwemy Em nminznixed$ phqzn`h wqfznihq$

fqbemneynfm fq fkkxmny~ rcfweqyn`nweyhp nm e Zfdxmyhhqp wqnkeq~fq ph`fmieq~ e`ynznynhp- Weqyn`nwemypeqh fmpnihqhi inqh`y ahmhjn`neqnhp

pnm`h ych~ nmyhqe`y inqh`yd~ rnyc e#Whe`h @fqwp. Zfdxmyhhq-ELE inqh`yahmhjn`neq~


Whe`h @fqwpJhddfrp&XPE

E bqeixeyh jhddfrpcnw wqfbqek yceyfjjhqp jnmem`ned eppnpyem`h yfqhyxqmhi Zfdxmyhhqp rcf rnpc yfheqm wqfjhppnfmed hqynjnèynfm$kepyhq"p fq if`yfqed ihbqhhp nm ezeqnhy~ fj pxaoh`y eqhep-

Whe`h @fqwpRhapnyh

Whe`h @fqwpKhinèd Fjjn`hq#W@KF.

Ych wqnkeq~ chedyc èqh wqfznihq jfqW@Zp emi Yqenmhhp fzhqphep ycey cepe `dnmnèd `qhihmyned fj Qhbnpyhqhi

Mxqph$ Mxqph Wqe`ynynfmhq$Wc~pn`nemp Eppnpyemy$ fq KhinèdIf`yfq- Ych W@KF np qhpwfmpnadh jfqnkwdhkhmynmb ych Zfdxmyhhq chedycèqh ihdnzhq~ p~pyhk nm ych `fxmyq~nm e``fqiem`h rnyc pyemieqi khinèdwqe`yn`h emi ych fjjn`ned bxnihdnmhphpyeadnpchi a~ Whe`h @fqwp-


Whe`h @fqwpWeqymhqpcnwWqfbqek

Ych Whe`h @fqwp WeqymhqpcnwWqfbqek #Weqymhqpcnw Wqfbqek. npihpnbmhi yf nihmynj~ emi e``hwyjnmem`ned ifmeynfmp yf pxwwfqy$ rnycnmych `fmyhsy fj ych bfedp fj ych Whe`h@fqwp$ pkedd+pèdh$ fkkxmny~+nmnyneyhi ihzhdfwkhmy wqfoh`yp-

Ychph wqfoh yp eqh ofnmyd~ wqfwfphia~ Whe`h @fqwp Zfdxmyhhqp #[email protected] ychnq cfpy+`fxmyq~ fkkxmny~dheihqp yf eiiqhpp aepn` mhhip- YchWeqymhqpcnw Wqfbqek np eiknmnpyhqhiemi kemebhi a~ ych Fjjn`h fjWqnzeyh Ph`yfq Nmnyneynzhp #FWPN. nm`dfph `fddeafqeynfm rnyc ychqhpwfmpnadh @fxmyq~ Inqh`yfq #@I.emi wfpy pyejj-

Kemxed Ph`ynfm217

Whe`h @fqwpWeqymhqpcnw #[email protected]`y

E wqfoh`y ycey cep khhy ych `qnyhqnephy a~ ych Whe`h @fqw WeqymhqpcnwWqfbqek emi uxednjnhp yf qh`hnzhjxminmb

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Whe`h @fqwpQhpwfmph #W@Q.

Whe`h @fqwp Qhpwfmph np e wqfbqekrnycnm ych Whe`h @fqwp yceykfandnhp Qhyxqmhi Whe`h @fqwp

Whe`h @fqwpNmyqemhy


12/19

Zfdxmyhhqp #QW@Zp. yf wqfznih pcfqy+yhqk cxkemnyeqnem phqzn`h yf`fxmyqnhp rfqdirnih-

Whe`h @fqwpQhpwfmphZfdxmyhhq #W@QZ.

E zfdxmyhhq rfqlnmb fm e Whe`h@fqwp Qhpwfmph wqfoh`y-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Whe`h @fqwpYqenmhh #W@Y.

E whqpfm rcf cep eyyhmihi e pyebnmbhzhmy axy cep mfy ~hy prfqm+nm yfzfdxmyhhq phqzn`h- Ixqnmb ycnp wcephfj ych zfdxmyhhq dnjh`~`dh$ e whqpfmeyyhmip wqh+phqzn`h yqenmnmb #WPY.-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Whe`h @fqwpZfdxmyhhq #W@Z.

5+E whqpfm rcf cep ahhm prfqm nm epe Whe`h @fqwp Zfdxmyhhq emi nprfqlnmb fm e Whe`h @fqwp wqfoh`y nme Whe`h @fqwp Wfpy-1+ E whqpfm phqznmb nm ych Whe`h@fqwp yf axndi nmyhqmeynfmed bffirnddemi wqfznih yh`cmnèd eppnpyem`h yf e

cfpy `fxmyq~-

5+@FKKFMXPEBH +1+ZIP ep+npHmyhqwqnphEq`cnyh`yxqh

Whe`h @fqwpRhhl

E meynfmed hzhmy `ffqinmeyhiycqfxbc ych Ifkhpyn` Wqfbqekpfjjn`h$ rcn`c aqnmbp ycfxpemip fjqhyxqmhi Whe`h @fqwp Zfdxmyhhqp yfpwhel nm p`cffdp emi ey `fkkxmny~hzhmyp meynfmrnih-

Whe`h @fqwpNmyqemhy

Wfpy Whe`h @fqwp fwhqeynfmp fxypnih fjych XP ycey inqh`yd~ nkwdhkhmyp eWhe`h @fqwp wqfbqek ey e weqyn`xdeq`fxmyq~ fq pxa+qhbnfmed eqhe nm ych

rfqdi-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Wqh Phqzn`hYqenmnmb #WPY.

Ych yqenmnmb fj Whe`h @fqw Yqenmhhpycey xpxedd~ depyp ahyrhhm 3 yf 51rhhlp- Ych yqenmnmb yelhp wde`h nmych `fxmyq~ fj phqzn`h emi nm`dxihpyh`cmnèd$ dembxebh$ pejhy~ emiph`xqny~$ emi qfpp+`xdyxqed`fkwfmhmyp-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Wqfadhk Dnpy E dnpy fj em ewwdnèmyp wqh+hsnpynmbkhinèd fminynfmp ep if`xkhmyhia~ ZP&FKP pyejj ixqnmb ychewwdnèmyp khinèd qhznhr wqf`hpp-


Wqfbqek 5+ Qhjhqp yf edd Zfdxmyhhq e`ynznynhprnycnm fmh `fxmyq~- Jfq hsekwdh$ ychhmynqh Whe`h @fqwp fwhqeynfm nmH`xeifq np qhjhqqhi yf ep ych Whe`h@fqwp wqfbqek nm H`xeifq-1+Edd Whe`h @fqwp e`ynznynhp rnycnmfmh `fxmyq~$ afyc fwhqeynfmed emiwqfbqekkeyn`- Ych hmynqh Whe`h

5+Wqfbqekknmb *Yqenmnmb Affldhy51+ZIP ep+npHmyhqwqnphEq`cnyh`yxqh


13/19

@fqwp fwhqeynfm ey e wfpy np èddhiych Whe`h @fqwp wqfbqek-

Wqfbqek heq E jnpèd ~heq ixqnmb rcn`c e Whe`h@fqwp wqfbqek$ wqfoh`y$ fqeppnbmkhmy np p`chixdhi yf yelhwde`h fq cep yelhm wde`h- Wqfbqek

~heq np xphi jfq wdemmnmb emicnpyfqnèd wxqwfphp-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Wqfoh`y Edd Zfdxmyhhq e`ynznynhp qhdeyhi yf e`fkkfm wxqwfph- Ych wxqwfph npe`cnhzhi a~ nkwdhkhmynmb e phy fjbfedp emi faoh`ynzhp- E wqfoh`y ke~ah ihjnmhi a~ ph`yfqp #h-b-$@fkkxmny~ Chedyc$ Kn`qf+hmyhqwqnph.fq nyke~ ah jf`xphi fm fmh nppxh eminmzfdzh phzhqed ph`yfqp #h-b-$Cfxphcfdi

Jffi Ph`xqny~ Wqfoh`y.-


Wqfoh`yEbqhhkhmy

E if`xkhmy rcn`c$ edycfxbc mfydhbedd~ anminmb$ phqzhp ep e `fmyqe`yahyrhhm ych Whe`h @fqwp emi cfpy+`fxmyq~ ebhm`~$ `dheqd~ ihjnmnmb ychwxqwfph$ bfedp$ faoh`ynzhp emiihyendp fj e wqfoh`y$ ep rhdd ep ychqhpwfmpnandnynhp fj he`c weqy~-ELE epKhkf fj Xmihqpyeminmb nm pfkh`fxmyqnhp-


Wqfoh`y @qnyhqne Whe`h @fqwp wqnfqnynhp qhjdh`ynmbwcndfpfwc~$ mhhip$ emi qhpfxq`hezendeandny~ ycey pcfxdi ahnm`fqwfqeyhi nmyf he`c wqfoh`y- Rcndhhe`c `qnyhqnfm mhhi mfy ah khy nmhzhq~ wqfoh`y$ he`c kxpy aheiiqhpphi-


Wqfoh`y Bfed E wqfoh`y bfed pyeyhkhmy pcfxdiemprhq ych uxhpynfm? Rcey `fminynfmmhhip yf f``xq yf e`cnhzh ychwqfoh`yp wxqwfph6


Wqfoh`y Faoh`ynzh Wqfoh`y faoh`ynzhp ihp`qnah rceye`ynznynhp rndd yelh wde`h emi ychihpnqhi `cembh ycey rndd f``xqahèxph fj ycfph e`ynznynhp- Ych~emprhq yrf uxhpynfmp? Rcey keofqe`ynznynhp rndd W@Zp emi ychnq`fkkxmny~ weqymhqp if6 Rceylmfrdhibh$ plnddp$ eyynyxihp$ fqahceznfqp eqh hswh`yhi yf `cembhahèxph fj ychph e`ynznynhp6 Wqfoh`yfaoh`ynzhp pcfxdi ah khepxqeadh emi



14/19

ynkh afxmi-Wqfoh`yWeqyn`nwemyp

Edd fj ycfph nmzfdzhi$ nm fmh re~ fqemfychq$ nm ych wqfkfynfm$ ihpnbm$fqbemneynfm$ nkwdhkhmyeynfm$hzedxeynfm emi&fq if`xkhmyeynfm fje wqfoh`y$ yf nm`dxih `fkkxmny~

khkahqp$ cfpy+`fxmyq~ ebhm`~weqymhqp$ fkkxmny~ weqymhqp$`frfqlhqp$ emi pxwhqznpfqp-


Wqfoh`y Wdem Ych rqnyyhm if`xkhmy ahyrhhm ychWhe`h @fqwp emi e cfpy+`fxmyq~ebhm`~ ycey phqzhp ep e rfqlnmbif`xkhmy$ ihjnmnmb rc~ emi cfrych~ rndd wqf`hhi rnyc e wqfoh`ypyqeyhb~ emi Zfdxmyhhq eppnbmkhmyp-Ny np `fkweynadh rnyc Whe`h @fqwpwqfbqekknmb qnyhqne$ cfpy+`fxmyq~wqnfqnynhp emi `fkkxmny~ mhhip emi

qhpfxq`hp$ emi `fmpnpyp fj wqfoh`yae`lbqfxmi$ wqfoh`y ihp`qnwynfmnm`dxinmb ych wqfoh`y jqekhrfql#wqfoh`y wxqwfph$ bfedp emifaoh`ynzhp.$ kfmnyfqnmb emihzedxeynfm wdem$ emi wqfoh`ykemebhkhmy- Ych wqfoh`y wdem npfjyhm nm`fqwfqeyhi nmyf e wqfoh`yebqhhkhmy fq khkf fjxmihqpyeminmb ycey np ofnmyd~ pnbmhi-


Wqfoh`y Wxqwfph E wqfoh`y wxqwfph pyeyhkhmyemprhqp ych uxhpynfm? Rcey np ychaqfei ihpnqhi nkwqfzhkhmy nmwhfwdhp dnzhp ycey rndd qhpxdy jqfkycnp wqfoh`y6 Ych pyeyhkhmy pcfxdiah aqnhj emi znpnfmeq~ emi hswdenmrc~ ych wqfoh`y np ahnmbnkwdhkhmyhi-


Wqfoh`y Ph`yfq E aqfei eqhe xmihq rcn`c Whe`h@fqwp Wqfoh`yp eqh bqfxwhi- Ycnp npjxqychq aqflhm ifrm nmyf pxaph`yfqp$ fq wqnkeq~ ph`yfqp emiph`fmieq~ ph`yfqp-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Wqfoh`y PyeyxpQhwfqy #WPQ.

Emmxed qhwfqy fj wqfbqekknmbe`ynznynhp a~ Whe`h @fqwp wqfoh`yprnyc e Whe`h @fqwp wqfbqek-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

WPY Pnyh Wc~pn`ed nm+`fxmyq~ df`eynfm fj e WPYrchqh ych wqhwfmihqem`h fj WPYe`ynznynhp eqh `fmix`yhi-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Uxeqyhqd~ YqenmhhQhuxhpy Pxkkeq~#UYQP.

If`xkhmy ycey np pxaknyyhi fm euxeqyhqd~ aepnp rcn`c phqzhp epfjjn`ned qhuxhpy jqfk Wfpy yf

@FKKFM XPEBH+


15/19

Cheiuxeqyhqp jfq mxkahq emi y~whfj yqenmhhp a~ Eppnbmkhmy Eqhe-

QheioxpykhmyEddfrem`h

Ych qheioxpykhmy eddfrem`h np ewe~khmy exycfqnhi a~ @fmbqhpp yfeppnpy qhyxqmhi Zfdxmyhhqp nm ychnqyqempnynfm jqfk Whe`h @fqwp Phqzn`h

yf fychq hmihezfqp- Ny np mfy eihjhqqhi pedeq~< ycxp$ Zfdxmyhhqp eqhmfy hmynydhi yf xph ycnp eddfrem`hxmynd `fkwdhynfm fj phqzn`h-

Kemxed Ph`ynfm110

Qheppnbmkhmy Xwfm qhuxhpy jqfk$ fq rnyc ych`fm`xqqhm`h fj cfpy `fxmyq~ fjjn`nedp$e @fxmyq~ Inqh`yfq ke~ qheppnbm e

Yqenmhh fq Zfdxmyhhq jqfk fmheppnbmkhmy yf emfychq rnycnm ychcfpy `fxmyq~- Ych qheppnbmkhmy èmah yhkwfqeq~ fq whqkemhmy-

Kemxed Ph`ynfm131

Qhbnfm Phh EJQ$ HKE$ emi NEW

QhbnpyqeynfmEddfrem`h

Xwfm eqqnzed ey pyebnmb$ Yqenmhhp eqhwqfznihi e qhbnpyqeynfm eddfrem`h yfihjqe~ fpyp fj wcfyfbqewcp$jnmbhqwqnmynmb$ emi fychq qhdeyhihswhmphp nm`xqqhi nm qfxyh yf ych

pyebnmb pnyh-

Kemxed Ph`ynfm111

Qhpnbmeynfm E y~wh fj Heqd~ Yhqknmeynfm- Eqhpnbmeynfm np e ih`npnfm keih a~ eZfdxmyhhq yf inp`fmynmxh Whe`h@fqwp phqzn`h-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Qhyxqmhi Whe`h@fqwp Zfdxmyhhq

Qhyxqmhi Whe`h @fqwp Zfdxmyhhqpeqh ycfph ycey cezh `fkwdhyhi ychnqphqzn`h- @xqqhmyd~$ mf inpynm`ynfm cepahhm keih ep yf ych lnmi fjyhqknmeynfm fj phqzn`h QW@Zp cezhkeih #@FP$ Qhpnbmeynfm$ Eiknm Phw$Khihze`$ hy`-.$ mfq ych dhmbyc fjphqzn`h-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

QhyxqmhiZfdxmyhhqPhqzn`hp

E ifkhpyn` wqfbqek fj ych Whe`h@fqwp ycey wqfznihp èqhhq phqzn`hpyf qhyxqmnmb Whe`h @fqwp Zfdxmyhhqp$nm`dxinmb èqhhq jenqp$ ychphknkfmycd~ Cfydnmh hkwdf~khmy

mhrpdhyyhq$ emi fychq wxadnèynfmp-

Whe`h @fqwpNmyqemhy

P`cffd @fddhbh fq Xmnzhqpny~ nm ych XmnyhiPyeyhp-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Ph`fmieq~E`ynzny~

E ph`fmieq~ e`ynzny~ np em~ e`ynzny~ycey e Zfdxmyhhq knbcy if yf ahmhjnyych `fkkxmny~ ycey np mfy weqy fjychnq wqnkeq~ eppnbmkhmy-

Whe`h @fqwp N@HwxadnèynfmK7781

Phqzn`h Wqfznihq E phqzn`h wqfznihq np e whqpfm ycey eWhe`h @fqwp Zfdxmyhhq eppnpyp fq

P~pyhkQhuxnqhkhmyp


16/19

yqenmp$ rcf nm yxqm wqfznihp inqh`yphqzn`hp yf fychqp- Hsekwdhp nm`dxihyhe`chqp$ chedyc `dnmn` rfqlhqp$`fkkxmny~ dheihqp$ whhq hixèyfqp$hy`-

Pwh`njnèynfm W@ZQK zhq- 5-5

Pnyh Ihzhdfwkhmy E`ynznynhp nmzfdzhi nm hzedxeynmb$

phdh`ynmb$ emi wqhweqnmb e zfdxmyhhqpnyh rnyc qhpwh`y yf wqfbqekknmb$pejhy~ emi ph`xqny~$ yqempwfqyeynfm$`fkkxmnèynfmp$ rfql ihzhdfwkhmy$emi fxmyhqweqyp-

@FKKFM XPEBH

+

Pnyh Phdh`ynfm@qnyhqne

Wfpy+ihzhdfwhi `qnyhqne xphi nmihzhdfwnmb$ hzedxeynmb$ emiphdh`ynmb pnyhp jfq Whe`h @fqwpZfdxmyhhqp-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Pyebnmb E wqh+ihweqyxqh hzhmy yf fqnhmyyqenmhhp yf ych Whe`h @fqwp emi ychbhmhqed ihkemip fj ahnmb e chedyc~$

pejh$ emi hjjh`ynzh Zfdxmyhhq pf yceyrchm ych~ eqqnzh ey wfpy ych~ eqhqhei~ yf dheqm emi yf eioxpy yf dnjh epWhe`h @fqwp Zfdxmyhhqp-ELE Wqh+ihweqyxqh Fqnhmyeynfm

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Pyelhcfdihq Nminznixedp fq bqfxwp fj nminznixedprcf hnychq ejjh`y fq eqh ejjh`yhi a~ ewqfoh`y- Nm e Whe`h @fqwp wqfoh`y$ycnp y~wnèdd~ nm`dxihp `fkkxmny~khkahqp$ fkkxmny~ weqymhqp fq`fxmyhqweqyp$ pxwhqznpfqp$ cfpy+`fxmyq~ ebhm`~ weqymhqp$ hsyhqmedifmfqp$ Zfdxmyhhqp$ wqfbqekknmbemi yqenmnmb pyejj$ emi cheiuxeqyhqppyejj-


Pyeqy fj Phqzn`h#PFP. Ieyh

Ieyh ycey keqlp ych ahbnmmnmb fj eWhe`h @fqwp Zfdxmyhhqp phqzn`h-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Pyeqy+xw E `fxmyq~ pyeyxp ewwdnhi yf e `fxmyq~rnyc e`ynzh Whe`h @fqwp pyejj$ hzhmfm yhkwfqeq~ ixy~ pyeyxp$ rnycyqenmhhp p`chixdhi yf eqqnzh ey edeyhq ieyh- Ieyh fj pyeqy xw np ychieyh rchm ych jnqpy Whe`h @fqwp pyejjwhqpfm eqqnzhp ey wfpy-


Pxa+qhbnfm Pxainznpnfm fj Qhbnfm- Jfq hsekwdh$ych NEW qhbnfm np inznihi nmyf ych@eqnaahem$ @hmyqed Ekhqnè$ PfxycEkhqnè$ emi We`njn` Npdemip pxa+qhbnfmp-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Pxpwhmihi E `fxmyq~ pyeyxp ewwdnhi yf e `fxmyq~rchqh Zfdxmyhhqp emi yqenmhhp cezhihweqyhi- Ny np emyn`nweyhi ycey

Jnmed IeyeIhjnmnynfmp$ IeyePyemieqip Bqfxw


17/19

Zfdxmyhhqp emi&fq yqenmhhp rndd qhyxqmrchm ny np whqknppnadh- Ieyh rchm#depy. Zfdxmyhhqp& yqenmhhp ihweqyihyhqknmhp `cembh fj `fxmyq~ pyeyxpyf pxpwhmihi- Pxpwhmihi`fxmyqnhp cezh nm+`fxmyq~ pyejj

pxwwfqy-Yqenmhh Nmwxy Ych mxkahq fj yqenmhhp ycey

eyyhmihi e pyebnmb #pekh ep HFI.-YN edpf qhjhqp yf ych fxywxy fj ychZfdxmyhhq Ihdnzhq~ P~pyhk- YN npxphi ep ych fjjn`ned mxkahq fjZfdxmyhhqp hmyhqnmb ych jnhdi jfq ebnzhm jnp`ed ~heq-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Yqenmhh Qhuxhpy Qhuxhpy jfq e Whe`h @fqwp Yqenmhhjqfk e Wfpy- Ych qhuxhpy nm`dxihpych y~wh fj yqenmhh qhuxhpyhi#Eppnbmkhmy Eqhe.$ wdemmhi eqqnzed

ieyh ey wfpy$ emi wqfbqekkeyn`qhuxnqhkhmyp-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Yqenmhh QhuxhpyQhznhr #YQQ.

@fddeafqeynzh$ fmdnmh khhynmbahyrhhm wfpy wqfbqek pyejj emi ZQPyf inp`xpp qh`qxnykhmy emiwde`hkhmy fj ewwdn`emyp ep ny qhdeyhpyf pwh`njn` wqfoh`y qhuxnqhkhmyp-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Yqenmnmb Ych yqenmnmb `fkwfmhmyp fj e Whe`h@fqwp Wqfbqek$ px`c ep WPY emi NPY$wqfznihi yf wqhweqh emi pxwwfqy eWhe`h @fqwp yqenmhh jfq zfdxmyhhqphqzn`h$ ep rhdd ep yf pxwwfqyZfdxmyhhqp nm phqzn`h emi ejyhqphqzn`h-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Yqenmnmb @depp Zfdxmyhhqp eqh nmix`yhi yf ych Whe`h@fqwp ycqfxbc @fxmyq~+ pwh`njn`

Yqenmnmb @depphp chdi fm e uxeqyhqd~aepnp- Ych Yqenmnmb @depp np e `fcfqyycey bfhp ycqfxbc yqenmnmb emiphqzn`h ep e bqfxw-


Yqenmnmb @deppPxkkeq~ Pchhy

Ych plnddp aephi qfpyhq jfq e yqenmnmb`depp- Ny np bhmhqeyhi jqfk ych UYQPieye pxaknyyhi a~ ych Wfpy-


Yqenmnmb Ihpnbmemi Hzedxeynfm#YIH.

\Mhhi ihjnmnynfm[

Yqenmnmb fjYqenmhqp #YFY.

E wqfbqek yf wqhweqh yqenmnmb pyejjjfq ychnq ixynhp- Ych YFY np eyyhmihia~ ych Yqenmnmb Kemebhq$`ffqinmeyfqp$ dembxebh nmpyqx`yfqpemi fychq nmpyqx`yfqp$ emi pxwwfqypyejj ep ihyhqknmhi a~ Wfpy



18/19

Kemebhkhmy-Yqenmnmb PyeyxpQhwfqy #YPQ.

Emmxed qhwfqy fj zfdxmyhhq yqenmnmbe`ynznynhp a~ Whe`h @fqwp wfpyp-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Yqempjhq Ych yqempjhq fj e Whe`h @fqwpZfdxmyhhq jqfk fmh wfpy yf emfychq-

Ych yqempjhq ke~ ah whqkemhmy fq

yhkwfqeq~-

Kfinjnhi jqfkKemxed Ph`ynfm131

Xmnyhi MeynfmpZfdxmyhhq #XMZ.Wqfbqek

Ych Xmnyhi Meynfmp ZfdxmyhhqWqfbqek #XMZ Wqfbqek. rep `qheyhinm 5>27 yf wqfznih yh`cmn`edeppnpyem`h yf ihzhdfwnmb `fxmyqnhp nmych jfqk fj cnbcd~+yqenmhi nminznixedpemi yf bnzh zfdxmyhhqp jqfk hzhq~XM+khkahq meynfm ych fwwfqyxmny~yf `fmyqnaxyh yf rfqdirnihihzhdfwkhmy- Ych jnqpy Whe`h @fqwp+pwfmpfqhi Xmnyhi Meynfmp Zfdxmyhhqrep jnhdihi nm 5>25-

Kemxed Ph`ynfm173

Xmnyhi MeynfmpZfdxmyhhq #XMZ.

XMZp eqh dhbedd~ `fmpnihqhi yf ahWhe`h @fqwp Zfdxmyhhqp eppnbmhi yfych XMZ Wqfbqek- Ych~ eqh qhuxnqhiyf yelh ych Whe`h @fqwp feyc$ rcn`ckelhp ychk hdnbnadh yf qh`hnzh ychwqh+phqzn`h emi wfpy+phqzn`h ahmhjnypeppf`neyhi rnyc Whe`h @fqwpZfdxmyhhq phqzn`h-

Kemxed Ph`ynfm173

Xmnzhqpny~Weqymhq

E xmnzhqpny~ ycey cep weqymhqhi rnycfmh fj ych Whe`h @fqwp Xmnzhqpny~Wqfbqekp-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Xmnzhqpny~Wqfbqek

Wqfbqek eqhe rnycnm ych Ifkhpyn`Wqfbqekp fjjn`h fj ZQP ycey `xqqhmyd~nm`dxihp ych Kepyhqp Nmyhqmeynfmedemi Whe`h @fqwp Jhddfrp&XPEwqfbqekp-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

XP WqhpnihmypHkhqbhm`~ Wdemjfq ENIP Qhdnhj#WHWJEQ.

XP Bfzhqmkhmy wdem yf `fkaeybdfaed CNZ&ENIP-

Whwjeq-bfz

Zfdxmyhhq Phh Whe`h @fqwp Zfdxmyhhq$ Whe`h@fqwp Qhpwfmph Zfdxmyhhq$ fq XMZfdxmyhhq-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Zfdxmyhhq E`ynzny~Pxwwfqy emiYqenmnmb #ZEPY.Bqemy

E WHWJEQ+jxmihi bqemy jfq pkedd$`fkkxmny~ ihzhdfwkhmy e`ynznynhp fqyqenmnmb-

Whe`h @fqwpBxniem`h jfqWHWJEQNkwdhkhmyeynfmWdemp

ZfdxmyhhqEppnbmkhmy

E phy fj qhpwfmpnandnynhp yf ahxmihqyelhm a~ fmh fq kfqh Whe`h@fqwp zfdxmyhhqp rfqlnmb fm ewqfoh`y-



19/19

ZfdxmyhhqEppnbmkhmyIhp`qnwynfm #ZEI.

Ihyendp fj e Zfdxmyhhq Eppnbmkhmynm`dxinmb nmjfqkeynfm eafxy ych Wfpy$wqfoh`y$ dnznmb emi rfqlnmb`fminynfmp$ emi zfdxmyhhqqhuxnqhkhmyp- ZEIp eqh nm`dxihi nmych nmznyeynfm we`lhyp phmy yf

ewwdnèmyp-


Zfdxmyhhq@eminieyh Wffd

Bqfxw fj nminznixedp yeqbhyhi a~Qh`qxnykhmy yf ah`fkh Whe`h @fqwpZfdxmyhhqp-


Zfdxmyhhq@fmyqe`y

If`xkhmy ycey pwh`njnhp ych yhqkp fjphqzn`h ycey e Whe`h @fqwp Zfdxmyhhqnp pxaoh`y yf emi ycey np ebqhhi yf a~ych zfdxmyhhq-


ZfdxmyhhqIhdnzhq~ P~pyhk

Phy fj nmyhq`fmmh`yhi wqf`hpphp yceywqfix`h yqenmhhp jfq Whe`h @fqwpphqzn`h emi rcn`c nmzfdzhp phzhqedfjjn`hp nm`dxinmb Qhbnfmp$ Wfpyp$

ZQP&W$ ZQP&Q$ ZP&FKP$ @HM&Pyebnmb

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Zfdxmyhhq Dheihq Ych Whe`h @fqwp E`y exycfqnhp ychEbhm`~ yf hmqfdd Zfdxmyhhq Dheihqprcfph phqzn`hp eqh qhuxhpyhi jfqpxwhqznpfq~ fq fychq pwh`ned ixynhp fqqhpwfmpnandnynhp nm fmmh`ynfm rnycWhe`h @fqwp wqfbqekp fzhqphep- Nynp Whe`h @fqwp wfdn`~ yf hmqfddZfdxmyhhq Dheihqp rchm ychnqeppnpyem`h wqfznihp eiihi zedxh yfych Ebhm`~"p fzhqphep wqfbqekp-

Kemxed Ph`ynfm171

ZfdxmyhhqDnjh`~`dh

Ych wfyhmyned wcephp fj e whqpfmpqhdeynfmpcnw rnyc Whe`h @fqwp$pyeqynmb rnyc Wqfpwh`y$ emiwqf`hhinmb yf Ewwdnèmy$ Yqenmhh$Zfdxmyhhq$ emi QW@Z-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Zfdxmyhhq Phqzn`h Ynkh ycey em nminznixed pwhmip ep eWhe`h @fqwp Zfdxmyhhq$ pyeqynmb rnycPyeqy fj Phqzn`h$ emi hminmb rnyc@fkwdhynfm fj Phqzn`h-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Zfdxmyhhq Pnyh 5+Wc~pnèd dfèynfm fj e zfdxmyhhqeppnbmkhmy #n-h- `ny~$ yfrm$ znddebh$p`cffd$ `cxq`c$ hy`-.-1+Ych rfql emi qhpnihmyned pnyh fj eWhe`h @fqwp Zfdxmyhhq-ELE Pnyh

5+@FKKFMXPEBH +1+ZIP ep+npHmyhqwqnphEq`cnyh`yxqh

Z+^heq @ceqy E pxkkeq~ fj nmzhmyfq~ fjzfdxmyhhqp emi yqenmhhp ey wfpyrcn`c qhjdh`yp wqfbqekknmb emi npxphi nm wdemmnmb fwhqeynfmed fpyp-

@FKKFM XPEBH+

Documents

Peace Corps Glossary of Business Terms [abri dged 12-15-09 by OCIO]Document Business Terms