PBI Indonesia Project Narrative Report · PBI Indonesia Project Narrative Report July – December 2008 . 2 Table of Contents Executive Summary ..... 3 Indonesia in 2008

Peace Brigades International Indonesia Project Yayasan Bina Perdamaian Internasional Indonesia

Box 9, 33 Boundary Trail Clearwater, Manitoba R0K 0M0

CANADA [email protected]

+1 204 825-2477 www.peacebrigades.org

PBI Client SKP is working to secure a permanent market place for these street vendors (Pasar Baru in Wamena). Photo: Meriam Smith

PBI Indonesia Project Narrative Report

July – December 2008

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Table of Contents

Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................................ 3 Indonesia in 2008 .................................................................................................................................................... 4

Culture of Impunity............................................................................................................................................. 4 Freedom of Expression ....................................................................................................................................... 5

PBI in Indonesia ...................................................................................................................................................... 6 Jakarta Sub Team ................................................................................................................................................ 6 PBI Clients in Jakarta and Region ...................................................................................................................... 7

Suciwati Munir................................................................................................................................................ 7 PBHI ............................................................................................................................................................... 8 WALHI ........................................................................................................................................................... 9

Papua ..................................................................................................................................................................... 10 Freedom of the Press ......................................................................................................................................... 12 Freeport – Timika ............................................................................................................................................. 12 Natural Resource Extraction ............................................................................................................................. 12 Jayapura Sub Team ........................................................................................................................................... 13 PBI Clients in Jayapura and Region ................................................................................................................. 14

KontraS Papua .............................................................................................................................................. 14 PBHI ............................................................................................................................................................. 15 LP3BH .......................................................................................................................................................... 16 SKP ............................................................................................................................................................... 17 FOKER ......................................................................................................................................................... 18 Pastor John Djonga ....................................................................................................................................... 18 BUK .............................................................................................................................................................. 19 Emanuel Goo ................................................................................................................................................ 20

Wamena Sub Team ........................................................................................................................................... 22 PBI Clients in Wamena & Region .................................................................................................................... 25

JAPH&HAM................................................................................................................................................. 25 YSBA ............................................................................................................................................................ 25

What is Ahead for PBI Indonesia ......................................................................................................................... 26 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................................ 27 Appendix 1: Volunteers & Staff 2008 .................................................................................................................. 28 Appendix 2: 2008 PBI Indonesia Success Stories ................................................................................................ 29 Appendix 3: PAST Protective Presence Table July to December 2008 ............................................................... 31 Appendix 4: WAST Protective Presence Table July to December 2008 .............................................................. 35 Appendix 5: JAST Protective Presence Table July to December 2008 ................................................................ 36 Appendix 6: PAST Clients: Summary of activities 2008 ..................................................................................... 37 Appendix 7: WAST Clients: Summary of activities 2008.................................................................................... 44 Appendix 8: JAST Clients: Summary of activities 2008 ...................................................................................... 45

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Executive Summary The PBI Indonesia Project (IP) began working in Indonesia in 1999, and provides protective presence to local organisations upon request. Proactive presence can be understood as “actions and strategies that deter or dissuade against abuses, persuade abusers to behave differently, strengthen or expand civilian capacity for self-protection, and foster institutional reform.”1 The IP’s activities; protective services, participatory peace education, bridging & convening, multi-level diplomacy and active encouragement are the project’s tools used to create an effective protection strategy. This report provides an in-depth look at how the IP has been engaging in these activities, the current status of our clients and partners and the political context in Indonesia for the second half of 2008. In 2008 the Indonesia Project provided Protective Accompaniment services to: Suciwati Munir (wife of the late Indonesian activist Munir) PBHI (Indonesian Legal Aid and Human Rights Association) WALHI (Friends of the Earth Indonesia) LP3BH (The Institute for Analyzing, Investigation and Development of Legal Aid) SKP (Office for Justice and Peace, Diocese of Jayapura) KontraS Papua (Commission for the Disappeared and Victims of Violence) FOKER (Papua’s NGO Cooperation Forum) Pastor John Djonga BUK (United for Truth) Emanuel Goo JAPH&HAM (Legal Awareness and Human Rights Advocacy Organisation) YSBA (Space for Local Culture Foundation)

Volunteers – During 2008, the Indonesia Project had a total of 28 volunteers from ten countries in the field serving on teams in Banda Aceh, Jakarta, Jayapura and Wamena. Aceh – The sub – team closed in June 2008. Jakarta - The sub-team continues to focus on human rights advocacy, meeting with Indonesian authorities, national organisations and the diplomatic community, as well as providing protective accompaniment services to clients WALHI, PBHI, and Suciwati Munir. Papua - PBI currently has two sub-teams focusing on protective presence services in Jayapura and Wamena and other areas of Papua. Reports – PBI IP provides our support network with our Bi-Weekly Update, our Monthly Information Bulletin, and in person reports as requested. Funding - We are now seeking some longer-term funds for the period of 2009-2011. We appreciate the continued support of committed donors, and are looking for new donors to support our expanding programs. Please contact the project office for more information on supporting the work of PBI in Indonesia.

1 Mahony, L “Proactive Presence: Field Strategies for Civilian Protection” 2006 Henry Dunant Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue.

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Indonesia in 2008 2008 was a noteworthy year for Indonesia, ten years on from Suharto’s fall from power the country has made significant progress on the road to reform. Human rights issues continue to hold a place on the Indonesian government’s agenda, evidenced by the implementation of domestic reforms and laws and the ratification of international human rights treaties and conventions.

Culture of Impunity While the human rights context in today’s Indonesia has markedly improved over the past decade, several key issues such as freedom of expression, freedom of religion, impunity and the rights of indigenous peoples continue to challenge progress. Torture, the use of excessive force and extrajudicial killings continue to be reported. Today activists are drawing attention to issues of human rights abuses related to economic interests such as land rights and resource extraction as well as concerns for freedom of expression and freedom of religion. The specter of corruption and impunity overshadows the democratic and human rights progress being made in Indonesia. Human Rights defenders report mixed feelings of optimism and pessimism, celebrating the successes but weary of the ongoing struggle. International and national human rights organizations have expressed deep concern in 2008 over the continued, and some say increasing, incidents of violence towards human rights defenders. In August, activists from the Aceh Legal Aid Institute were imprisoned for distributing pamphlets about government involvement in illegal land appropriations. On 17th October, activist Yosias Syet was found murdered at his home. Two injection holes were found over his right ear, the wounds suggesting the work of someone trained by the state apparatus. Reports of police detainees in both Aceh and Papua suffering from beatings and humiliating treatment at the hand of the authourities have been present in 2008. Absent is evidence of serious investigations or convictions for the perpetrators of these offences. Endemic impunity in Indonesia is not only preventing the resolution of past cases, it also allows for new abuses. One notable problem in addressing impunity in Indonesia is the limited jurisdiction of existing mechanisms in place to address human rights issues. The jurisdiction of ad hoc human rights courts in the country is limited to gross violations, such as genocide and crimes against humanity. Critics worry that the efficacy of national human rights institution, Komnas HAM is limited beyond making initial inquiries, and the bureaucratic structure of the system means that many cases are left unresolved. Although findings made by Komnas HAM are transmitted to the Office of the Attorney General, it is the Office of the Attorney General that has the authority to reject or initiate criminal proceedings, no matter how significant the findings may be. Several such cases have in fact been rejected without reasonable justification. The Attorney General is appointed by the president therefore the process is deemed to be political rather than based in the rule of law. National law established in 2008 requires the office of the Attorney General to gain acceptance from parliament to set up ad hoc human rights courts, having to prove the merit of the case to parliament thereby severely restricting the independence and power of the AG’s office. The failures to make progress against impunity coupled with the virtually unchecked powers of police and military creates a climate in which victims and witnesses of human rights abuses are too frightened to come forward. Human rights activists continue to express frustrations that few efforts are being made to address the problem of impunity. The Asian Human Rights Commission reported that in October, an effort to revive the Special Committee on the 1997/1998 Abduction of Activists seems to indicate some effort towards addressing impunity in that case.

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“The committee’s plan to summon President Yudhoyono, as well as retired General Wiranto, retired Lieutenant General Prabowo Subianto, and retired Lieutenant General Sutiyoso for questioning is a serious demonstration of the intention to eradicate impunity. However, given approaching general elections in 2009, the sincerity of these recent developments is put into question.” Human rights abuses conducted by military personnel are observed throughout the country. Civil society has expressed significant concern that few complaints are acted upon and when reactions do happen, the do so within the protective framework of military tribunals. At the end of 2008, the government and the parliament discussed a review of the law on military tribunals (Law No. 31/1997). The government has agreed to the parliamentary proposal that any ordinary criminal offences committed by the members of the military have to be brought to ordinary civil criminal courts. However, the government proposed that the investigations for such cases are to be conducted by the military police. Until such a bill is passed, crimes committed by members of the military will continue to be investigated and tried by the military, even though this presents a conflict of interest.

Freedom of Expression In October, the House of Representatives passed the contentious anti-pornography bill, despite months of protest from artists, pluralists and human rights groups. Two of 10 factions in the House, the Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P) and the Prosperous Peace Party (PDS), boycotted the plenary session where the modified bill that criminalizes all works and acts deemed obscene and capable of breaching public morality was endorsed. Concerns have been raised that the forceful passing of this bill, despite widespread public protest and questionable democratic processes demonstrates the power the Ulama Council holds over President Yudhoyono in the lead up to the 2009 national elections. Several contentious articles within the bill are causing grave concern amongst human rights defenders expressing fear that the definition of pornography is too broad, open to wide interpretation from all factions including fundamentalist religious organization. Articles 20-23 allow for public participation in the prevention of pornography, raising concerns that application of the law will be assumed by untrained, potentially vigilante civilian groups. Article 1: Definition Pornography is drawings, sketches, illustrations, photographs, texts, voices, sound, moving pictures, animations, cartoons, poetry, conversations, gestures, or other forms of communicative messages through various kinds of media; and/or performances in front of the public, which may incite obscenity, sexual exploitation and/or violate moral ethics in the community. Articles 20-23: Public Participation The public can play a role in preventing the production, distribution and use of pornography...by...(d) supervising people on the danger of pornography. Articles 8, 34, 36: Criminalization of victims The articles threatens up to 10 years in prison or Rp 5 billion in fines for violators of the law.

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PBI in Indonesia During the second half of 2008, the PBI Indonesia Project operated a coordination office in Yogyakarta, a political support and advocacy office in Jakarta and two field offices in Papua.

Jakarta Sub Team The Jakarta sub-team (JAST) continues promoting human rights in Indonesia by strengthening PBI’s international and national political and support networks. JAST is the hub of the IP’s sustained multi-level diplomacy work. Each IP team invests a great deal of energy on socializing PBI’s work to a wide range of actors including abusers, national and local governments, community leaders, military and police authorities in the local context. The volunteers attempt to increase the safety of our clients and partners through opening as many channels of communication as possible. They work to create a culture of respect, transparency and multiparty dialogue while transmitting protection messages. While this process of diplomatic communication is carried out at the local level around the country, JAST takes the diplomatic work to the highest levels of influence in the international community, the national government, police and military. One of the long term goals of the IP is to contribute to strengthening the culture of peace and human rights in Indonesia. In an effort to strengthen PBI’s advocacy efforts, JAST worked closely with their client Suciwati and Usman Hamid, head of KontraS (The Commission for the Disappeared and Victims of Violence) to evaluate the impact of the European speaking tour they had completed earlier in the year. Given the ongoing legal processes involving the Munir case gaining momentum in the later half of 2008, JAST has been conducting ongoing analysis and assessment together with Suciwati, to ensure that PBI is providing the most appropriate support possible. JAST has regularly attended the Muchdi trial as international observers and were present when the verdict was released. The team observed divisive factions of support for both Muchdi and Munir, and a highly visible armed security presence. Supporters of Munir suspect that the visible Muchdi supporters are hired by the state. After the verdict was released, JAST attended the ensuing demonstration held by human rights activists. JAST played a significant role in facilitating the relationship between PBI client, PBHI and a group of German parliamentarians who visited Indonesia in October. Supported by JAST, PBHI played the lead coordinating role in this event, organizing a discussion forum between Indonesian NGOs and the German visitors. Human rights activists from around the country participated, including PBI’s Wamena based client JAPH&HAM. One of the key responsibilities of the Jakarta based team is to socialize PBI’s work with all sectors. In this vein, JAST achieved new success when they were able to secure a meeting with Intelkam, the Police Intelligence branch. It is crucial for the work of PBI to establish good relationships with authorities. In an emergency situation PBI is then able to gather support from these sources and address their concerns accordingly. During this period JAST met with Intelkam, Intel at the national police in Jakarta (Baintelkam, Mabes POLRI), and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Deplu). Recognizing the strength of many national organizations, JAST has worked on a program of relationship building and information sharing. In the later half of 2008, JAST worked to strengthen their relationship with two key actors, ELSAM and Sunspirit: Sunspirit is actively involved in the human rights scene in Aceh and promotes the culture of the region. They implement Peace Building and Community Empowerment Program for conflict affected communities in Bubon-Woyla and Beutong Ateuh, West Part of Aceh. The peace library that

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was located in the former Aceh sub-team has been taken over by Sunspirit, and as part of PBI’s commitment to follow-up on its impact, JAST has regular meetings with this organization. ELSAM (Institute for Policy Research and Advocacy) is a think-tank consisting of several Indonesian NGOs which organizes workshops on human rights and is advocating for a commission on reconciliation for Papua. Having worked for more than six years on promotion of responsibility mechanisms for gross human rights violation, civil and political rights in particular, ELSAM future work will include advocating for the development of accountability mechanisms of economic social and cultural rights violations. JAST spent significant energy in 2008 preparing backgrounds and baseline information in preparation for monitoring the security situation associated with the upcoming 2009 national elections. This work included attending events where elections issues were discussed such as a seminar on pluralism in Indonesia, a discussion about 2009 elections organised by the Habibie Centre, and participation in embassy sponsored events. JAST also attends monthly OCHA meeting with INGOs and had the opportunity to attend a discussion about the situation for women in Papua at Komnas Perempuan, a discussion on the peace process in Aceh, the 15th anniversary of ELSAM, and met with Arus Pelangi a local NGO working on Lesbian-Gay-Bisexual and Transgender issues- to get an update about their security situation. To ensure sufficiently diverse information base, JAST focuses significant energy on networking activities such as these. In the event of significant security incidents in the field team locations, JAST plays an invaluable role bringing first hand information to the international community. During the weeks that followed the August 9th shooting in Wamena, JAST met with a range of embassies, INGOs and NGOs to advocate for a peaceful resolution. The embassies expressed their appreciation for receiving trustworthy information and frequently contacted the team to cross check reports they were receiving from other sources. PBI considers this aspect of our role to be very important. As there is an immense amount of misinformation occurring during emergency incidents, teams are disciplined to check facts and resist jumping to conclusions. In doing so, PBI has developed a respected reputation as a cautious, on the ground observer. This role is equally important to ensure the safety of our field teams, clients and partners. The stronger the relationship is between JAST and the actors, who can influence decision making, the stronger the protection mechanisms PBI offers are. As there is a strong human rights community in Jakarta, there were many events organized to celebrate International Day of Peace on September 21st. JAST took part in the preparatory sessions together with the Indonesian NGOs Imparsial, HRWG, ITP and others. PBI also joined the event ‘Peace Day Goes to School’, as well as a candle light vigil. JAST carefully contains its role to that of support for these events, as PBI’s is committed to not taking over work where local capacity exists to complete it. JAST is developing a proactive plan for International Day of Peace 2009, which will include documenting the various Peace Day activities held in the city to be shared with human rights activist around the world. In support of Indonesia becoming a signatory to ASEAN’s newly established human rights charter, JAST met with the assistant to ASEAN’s secretary general to socialize the work of PBI and to highlight the specific context of PBI clients and partners. PBI is hopeful that the ASEAN human rights charter will be the lead in the development of strong regional human rights.

PBI Clients in Jakarta and Region

Suciwati Munir Suciwati Munir, widow of Munir Said Thalib, one of the country’s former leading human rights campaigners has been engaged in the pursuit of justice since her husband’s murder on September 7, 2004. In flight to Amsterdam Munir was poisoned with arsenic, dying before the Garuda flight landed. Human rights groups and

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independent observers believe there are complex links to the Indonesian intelligence agency, BIN. Despite receiving anonymous threats, Suciwati, along with KASUM (Komite Aksi Solidaritas Untuk Munir, Action Committee in Solidarity for Munir) continues her struggle to bring those responsible for her husband’s murder to justice. Although some success was achieved early in 2008 when former Garuda-pilot Pollycarpus was convicted of poisoning Munir and was sentenced to 20 years in prison, the acquittal of Muchdi in December was a serious blow to progress. Suciwati continues to be committed to seeing the case through, to charge and convict those responsible for masterminding her husband’s murder. Although Suciwati receives occasional threats and warnings, her personal security situation has improved over recent years – arguably due to her status as an internationally known human rights defender. Although the situation has improved, she maintains that her relationship with PBI contributes to her feeling of safety and she has requested that it continue. Additionally, PBI is working together with Suciwati to further develop an advocacy strategy targeting impunity in Indonesia, using the Munir case as the cornerstone through the PBI country group network. Suciwati at Munir Demonstration The high profile case of Munir is arguably the pre-eminent illustration of Indonesia’s systemic resistance to redressing wrongs. While the mid-year arrest and subsequent legal proceedings of Muchdi, former member of the national intelligence agency (BIN) member were considered to advance the cause of human rights in Indonesia, the December 31st verdict acquitting him of all charges has sent a clear message to state authorities that intimidating human rights defenders is tolerated and perpetrators continue to enjoy impunity. Although PBI client Suciwati in partnership with KontraS and KomnasHam are appealing this decision human rights defenders worry that this failed conviction has cemented Indonesia’s culture of impunity. Observers report that throughout the trial process, key witnesses continually changed their testimony or simply did not appear in court, suggesting the presence of threat and intimidation going on behind the scenes. Critics state that this evident weakness on the part of the government, particularly current President Yudhoyono, to protect witnesses and thereby support the development of a fair justice system. Public doubts about the seriousness of Yudhoyono and his government's commitment to uncovering the truth behind the murder started to arise because of the President's unshaken stance against revealing the results of the investigation carried out by the government-sanctioned fact-finding team (TPF). It remains unclear whether the TPF report was used by the police as the foundation for building the case against Muchdi and the other defendants; none of the leading and key officers at BIN believed to have known about the case were questioned. Even a key witness, BIN agent Budi Santoso, failed to appear in court to testify. Budi had alleged Muchdi's involvement in the murder in his written statement read out during the previous, separate trial of Garuda Indonesia pilot Pollycarpus convicted earlier in 2008 for his role in the murder case. President Yuhoyono’s apparent impotence in ensuring a clean judiciary will arguably be a key issue in the upcoming 2009 national elections.

PBHI (Perhimpunan Bantuan Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Indonesia – Indonesian Legal Aid and Human Rights Associations) PBHI is dedicated to promoting and defending human rights without distinction of religion, race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, profession or political and ideological orientation as well as it was designed s an organisation to bring together persons concerned with human rights and diversity. Up to now, there are 10 PBHI

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provincial chapters which are: South Sulawesi, North Sumatera, West Sumatra, West Java, DI Yogyakarta, DKI Jakarta, Lampung, Central Java, Bali and Papua. The Jakarta sub-team maintained its good relationship with PBHI and met them regularly to exchange information and attend human rights events. PBHI is currently working on several cases including investigations into human right violations that have occurred in Maluku and is working on a project collecting data about violations specifically associated with the implementation of special autonomy in both Aceh and Papua. PBHI is also planning a public discussion to be held in Makassar regarding the 2005 Abepura case. PBHI has requested that PBI take on a stronger advocacy role for their cases. They have stated that many of their clients receive intimidation and they are eager to explore how to extend the umbrella of protection they receive from PBI to cover their own clients as well.

WALHI (Wahana Lunkungap Hidup Indonesia, Friends of the Earth Indonesia) The largest forum of non-governmental, community-based and environmental organization in Indonesia, WALHI is represented in 26 provinces and has over 436 member organizations. WALHI works toward social transformation, peoples’ sovereignty, and the sustainability of the environment, life and livelihoods. WALHI works to defend Indonesia’s natural world and local communities from injustice carried out in the name of economic development. In 2008, WALHI’s work in Jakarta has been focused on issues of violence towards urban poor, the impact of massive garbage disposals on the poor, flood victims, unlawful extraction of ground water and the impact of housing developments. In addition to investigating specific cases, WALHI offers regular educational training programs about environmental issues. They have reported that although they felt threatened and intimidated in the first half of 2008, their security conditions were improved during the later half. WALHI has expressed that their security context changes rapidly depending on the cases they are involved with and due to this, they feel that their relationship with PBI is very important to the continuation of their work. JAST provides regular check-in calls for WALHI when then are investigating sensitive cases and accompaniment as requested. In order to continue to strengthen their knowledge base and keep the PBI/WALHI relationship high profile, JAST holds regularly scheduled monthly meetings with WALHI.

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Papua Papua has witnessed a deteriorating human rights situation over the past few years. The ethnically distinct indigenous population has increasingly questioned the Indonesian government’s policies regarding Papua’s natural resources and the migration of non-Papuans into the area. The Indonesian government maintains a heavy police and military presence, whose members continuously face accusations of intimidating and threatening members of the local indigenous community. Of significant concern in Papua, is the high level of stigmatization. Outspoken members of civil society are labeled, by the authourities, as separatists regardless of their issue. Human rights defenders are expressing serious concern that stigmatization of this kind, “justifies” state action

against them. Early in 2008, the government introduced a ban on the use of symbols deemed to represent separatist movements, including the Morning Star. Article 6 of Government Regulation 77/2007 states: “No logos or flags that make use of flags or logos used by separatist movements may be displayed,’. The implementation of Regulation 77 has been controversial and has resulted in the detention of several peaceful demonstrators. Papuans maintain that the Morning Star is a cultural symbol rather than a separatist symbol. Yan Christian Warinussy, PBI client and outspoken advocate for human rights, spent 2008 engaged in publically challenging the Regulation and representing civilians charged for violating it, including the 11 arrested in Manokwari in March during peaceful public demonstrations protesting the regulations. The District Court in Manokwari initially sentenced the activists to eight months imprisonment. On appeal, the Papua’s provincial High Court upheld the guilty verdict and extended their sentences. Prominent activist Jack Wanggai was sentenced to three-and-a-half years and 10 others were given three year sentences. On behalf of the defendants, Mr. Warinussy plans to appeal the decision to Indonesia’s Supreme Court stating that the arrest and conviction of these protesters violates their right to free expression, opinion and association guaranteed under Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), to which Indonesia is a signatory. Activists are expressing concern that the severe punitive response from the courts is indicative of the criminalization of dissent. Local and international organizations are calling for the retraction of the regulation and the release of all arrested for peaceful flag-raising in Papua. While arrests for incidents involving the Morning Star flag marked the first half of 2008, the second half of the year became more violent. On August 9, 2008 at a peaceful celebration of the UN International Day of the World’s Indigenous People in Wamena, the Morning Star flag was raised. In response, the authorities fired into the crowd killing 35 year old Opinus Tabuni, an uninvolved observer of the events. The weeks following were marked by increased tensions, police sweepings, arrests and an increased show of policy and military authority. PBI client Theo Hesegem of JAPH&HAM, accompanied the family or the victim and attended the autopsy, concerned that the evidence would be mishandled. Despite promises from the state for a thorough and swift investigation, by the end of the year the process had stalled with neither the military nor the police, both shooters at the incident, taking responsibility. This incident is a clear indication that the Indonesian police believe that unfurling the Morning Star flag is justification to shoot at people in a peaceful rally,’ said Paula

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Makabory from the Institute for Papua Advocacy and Human Rights. ‘The Indonesian police also have the audacity to deny they have killed this man when he was shot in front of everyone.’ In 2008, LIPI identified discrimination and marginalization of indigenous Papuans as a potential source of ongoing conflict. Building on the momentum of the Wamena shooting, the frequency and intensity of demonstrations against Regulation 77 increased in the later half of 2008. Papuan groups were motivated by well publicized meetings of the International Parliamentarians for West Papua (IPWP). The IPWP, a group of politicians, met in London on the 15th of October to advocate for political self-determination in Papua, based on the controversy surrounding the 1969 Act of Free Choice, and perceived human rights violations by the Government of Indonesia towards Papuans. In the buildup to the IPWP meeting, both supporters and detractors of the IPWP made many public statements. The security apparatus warned the civilian population not to be influenced by provocateurs and the KMP NKRI (an organization similar to the Merah Putih) was mobilized to preemptively reject the idea of self determination. Local activist, Buchtar Tabuni headed the committee which attempted to hold two demonstrations in Jayapura, on the 16th and 20th of October. The primary message behind there events were to voice the aspirations of political self-determination for Papua. The demonstrations were timed to coincide with the meeting of the IPWP in London. Both demonstrations were broken up before reaching the parliament, and no elected official made any effort to speak with the demonstrators. The state response to the demonstrations was severe, calling out TNI, BRIMOB, the Marines (in full war gear), Police and Intel to bring the events to a swift end. Foreigners were ordered to stay away from the event. Truckloads of soldiers, armored riot trucks equipped with water cannons, and several tanks were deployed to control the demonstration preventing the civilian population from communicating with their elected representatives. These demonstrations of extreme force caused widespread fear amongst civil society. They are an illustration of the state’s program to stigmatize all demonstrators as treasonous criminals advocating for independence. Human rights defenders are reporting that that reaction to the demonstrations was a strong show of force, including sweepings, arrest and extrajudicial killings. Human rights defenders are observing measurable increase in the presence of armed security forces at public demonstrations, fearing that political space is being closed in Papua. Following the October 20th demonstration, a group of students at Cenderwasih University blockaded the front gate of campus protesting the sweepings and harassment performed by the security forces on campus towards students not involved in the demonstrations. Following the demonstrations, organizer Buchtar Tabuni and 16 others were arrested on October 20th. PBI clients and contacts are providing legal and moral support for the detainees. Both KontraS Papua and SKP sent observer teams to the demonstrations, confirming the extreme demonstration of force shown by the state. On 17th Oct, Yosias Syet was found murdered at his house. Yosias was a former member of OPM and later joined PETAPA the security wing of DAP. He was in charge of DAP leader, Fokorus Yaboisembut’s personal security and was also involved in the planning of the October 16th demonstrations. The autopsy revealed Yosias had been beaten, strangled and two injection holes were found over his right ear. Sources are saying that the murder was professional and with no doubt was carried out by the security forces. The murder is being interpreted as a direct threat to DAP, in particular Fokorus. Choosing to murder the head of personal security sends a clear message (to DAP leadership and anyone connected to the Oct 16 demo) that the apparatus behind this is powerful and ruthless. It is reported that Fokorus is now receiving direct threats. Activists expect that there will likely not be any investigation done into this case, leaving it classified as ‘mysterious murder’ suggesting the continued status of impunity enjoyed by the security forces.

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Freedom of the Press Of serious concern for many activists in Papua is the issue of freedom of the press. It is widely understood that journalists experience constant intimidation and international journalists are all but prohibited from entering the province. The 2008 flag raisings provide for an interesting case study of what appears to be the devolution of independent press in Papua. In observing the local media’s treatment of flag raising cases, they can be divided into two categories: high profile events (Wamena, Manokwari) that attract a lot of media attention for weeks after the event and low profile events (Waena) that appear briefly and then disappear. Activists are raising concerns that that their analysis suggests that the lower profile cases tend to be events staged by authorities to feed their propaganda agenda. In terms of language, the higher profile cases are reported with a pro-government slant -the Morning Star flag is a separatist symbol and does not contribute to the greater debate supporting the idea that the flag is a cultural symbol by Papuans. This suggests that government authorities are gaining stricter control over the most widely distributed media. Of special concern is that towards the end of the year a number of journalists were threatened by police authorities in Jayapura not to pursue reporting on the questioning of Dewan Adat Papua (DAP) leaders nor the arrest of Buchtar Tabuni for subversion. The existence of public threats could be a cause for concern for other journalists, especially independent journalists such as PBI client Emanuel Goo. The government control of the media in Papua, the lack of accurate reporting and independent sources is deemed to be one of the greatest threats to the human rights situation in Papua.

Freeport – Timika In September, the US Ambassador to Indonesia visited the Freeport community projects near Timika. As the world’s largest gold and copper mine, Freeport area is subject to regular incidents of unrest. During and immediately following the visit, Morning Star flag raisings occurred, gunfire was observed in town and three bombs were exploded near bridges and the airport. There is conflicting information about these incidents, suggesting the possibilities that they may or may not be linked. Illustrative of the complexities of Papua, civil society, state authorities and government have expressed different interpretations of the events. The state authorities have attributed the events to the Papuan separatist group OPM/TPN. Some civil society actors suggest that the gun fire and explosions are the undercover work of the Indonesian military, covertly creating confusion and fear in an effort to justify the disproportionate military presence in Papua. The Indonesian Minister of Defense, Juwono, made a statement suggesting that the flag raisings were not an act of separatism rather a cry for attention and should be managed with dialogue. Some PBI contacts reported these incidents were orchestrated by Internally Displaced People who have lost their land during the development of Freeport. Rumours of this nature are common place in Papua, an example of the multifaceted nature of conflict and mistrust in the province.

Natural Resource Extraction The Greenpeace Ship Esperanza arrived in Jayapura harbour intent on drawing international attention to what Greenpeace calls the “emergency state” of Papua’s forests. Projections based on known palm oil development and further provincial divisions suggest an alarming increase in deforestation in Papua. Four million hectares of Papuan forests have been approved as palm oil plantations. Papua contains the largest remaining forest in Indonesia, with those in Kalimantan and Sumatera largely gone or degraded. Indonesia is the third largest emitter of greenhouse gases, due to its deforestation practices. Greenpeace has been working with Unilever (Dove Soap) to build a coalition to stop deforestation for palm oil.

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Jayapura Sub Team The Jayapura sub-team (PAST) plays a pivotal role in PBI’s proactive presence strategy in Papua. PAST focuses on providing protection through direct presence, multi-level diplomacy and conscious visibility for clients located throughout Papua. PBI clients in Jayapura are human rights activists challenging current abuses, repression and seeking justice for the past in an effort to set a more just course for the future. In doing so, they experience constant low-level intimidation marked with spikes of threats and violence. Given the dynamic nature of the security context in Papua, focusing on a single protection mechanism is not sufficient to contribute to proactive presence rather engaging in this blend of tools is necessary to strengthen the impact of protection. To help increase our client’s security, thereby creating space for their work, PAST provides direct presence through protective accompaniment, strategic presence and security monitoring check-in phone calls. Whilst necessary in some cases, direct presence is not always the most effective protection mechanism for PAST clients. PAST provides an average of 130 regularly scheduled check in calls to clients throughout Papua each month. The team also provides as many additional calls as a client may request each month in response to a decreased security situation. When PAST clients travel outside of Jayapura, they commonly express anxiety and concern for their safety. When PA is not either necessary or feasible, PAST will provide increased check-in calls for the clients as they travel. This not only increases client security by providing a rapid-response to security incidents, it provides the encouragement human rights defenders need to continue with their work.

One of the significant challenges faced by PAST is the geographic distances between themselves and some of their clients. To manage this, the team conducted two significant field trips to Manokwari and Nabire to support clients LP3BH and Emanuel Goo respectively. These trips were one week in duration involving a mixed team of PAST and JAST volunteers, allowing JAST volunteers first hand field experience to support their advocacy work in the capital. These trips require significant resources and coordination efforts to be effective. The team meets with as many civilian and state actors as possible to both socialize the client relationship and to gather information.

Field team meets with client, Emanuel Goo in Nabire Meeting at LP3BH office in Manokwari

In addition to the two major field visits, the team made monthly visits to the Waris district throughout 2008 in an effort to support client, Deacon Pastor John Djonga. Waris district is an isolated, heavily militarized area and it is only through regular physical presence that the relationship between PBI and Pastor John can be made known. During each visit, the team meets with local armed authorities. As a result of being a PBI client, Pastor John has reported a measurable increase in his personal safety over the past year. To support the protective services field work for PAST client in the Waris district, the team focused efforts on socialization with military and police

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authorities both in Jayapura and in the Waris region. The socialisation process is done by fax, telephone and in person where the team met with KOPASSUS (Komando Pasukan Khusus, Special Commando Force), Koramil (Komando Rayon Militer, Sub-District Military Command) and Polsek (Polisi Sektor, Sector Police). The success of PAST’s protective work is dependent on sufficient socialization. PAST made significant strides in this area in 2008, socializing PBI’s work and clients to the highest levels within the armed security forces, police and government. Additionally PAST is responsible for liaising with immigration in Jayapura to ensure necessary travel permits, surat jalans, are issued.

PAST meeting with the Head of Provincial Police (KAPOLDA)

In the second half of 2008, PAST repatriated its peace library. The peace library had been loaned to a local university after PBI closed its Jayapura based peace education team in 2006. After learning that the university did not have the capacity to ensure open access to the public, PBI brought it back to the PAST house. PAST held a re-opening event in conjunction with International Human Rights Day, introducing the library and its purpose to the community. The library is now open one day per week and is enjoying strong attendance. The team plans to hold peace discussions and film screenings in the library throughout 2009.

First guest in the newly re-opened PAST peace library

PBI Clients in Jayapura and Region

KontraS Papua (Komisi Untuk Orang Hilang dan korban Tindak Kekerasan, Commission for Disappearances and Victims of Violence) KontraS offers free legal representation to indigenous Papuans, especially those who are involved in human rights work. Papuan people consistently express experiencing discrimination in the legal, educational and health

“It’s good when the police and PBI work together openly. We welcome dialogue and sharing information and would like to work closer with PBI” – KAPOLDA

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systems. By offering free legal services, KontraS Papua is attempting to mitigate the impact of systemic inequalities, human rights abuses and support the development of a rights based justice system. KontraS Papua has experienced operational challenges in the first six months of 2008. A funding crisis in the national office meant that KontraS Papua did not receive any funds for several months, severely curtailing their work. In 2008, the Papua Sub-team and KontraS Papua agreed to hold regularly scheduled bi-monthly meetings to ensure close contact and frequent sharing of information. They report experiencing increasing monitoring at organized events, like demonstrations and press conferences, by persons they suspect to be members of security forces introducing themselves as journalists. Operational issues continued into the second half of 2008 for KontraS Papua. Financial limitations have restricted their work and resulted in the cancellation of several investigation trips, for which they had requested Protective Services. Although restricted in scope of work, KontraS Papua has been able to continue within Jayapura working on cases such as the arrest Buchtar Tabuni and other leaders of the October demonstrations. KontraS has also continued to work on the Hamandi sexual assault case from earlier in the year (May/June) and are investigating cases involving the treatment of prisoners in Abepura detention centers. Pak Matius was involved in mediation between the Kapolresta Jayapura and the organizers of a demonstration in Abepura on 19 December and at the end of December was in Wamena investigating a case where a civilian was shot by a member of the police force With the recent increases in violence, KontraS Papua has been observing demonstrations such as the demonstration against militarisation in Jayapura held in November. KontraS Papua is encouraging PBI to engage in more monitoring work such as this. Harry Maturbongs (head of KontraS Papua) and Matius Murib (vice-head and longstanding client) attended a training organised by KPKC (Human Rights and Peacebuilding office of the Protestant Church in Papua)/FES (German Friedrich Ebert Foundation)/Pasifis on capacity building and management in Jayapura. Together with volunteers of the Jakarta and Papua Sub-teams both discussed ways to apply and finally secure independent funding sources. They told PBI that their work is restricted to Jayapura/North Papua, as they do not have sufficient finances to travel for investigations to places like Wamena or Oksibil. Limitations in capacity such as this are common amongst NGOs in Papua and represent serious impediments to progress in the field of human rights.

PBHI (Perhimpunan Bantuan dan Hak Asasi Manusia Indonesia, Indonesian Legal Aid and Human Rights Association) This Jakarta-based organisation has been working for the promotion and protection of human rights since 1996. PBHI’s activities include providing legal assistance and advocating for victims of human rights violations, building-up local capacities for legal awareness and representation through workshops, internships and short-term courses. In recent years, Papua has become one of PBHI’s main focuses; the organisation has been a prime actor in the investigation and defense of many human rights cases, including Abepura, Timika, Wasior and Wamena. In recent years PBHI has funded a Jayapura-based organization of survivors of both Abepura cases (2001 and 2006) called KSA (Komunitas Survivor Abepura, Community of Abepura Survivors). KSA provides physical and moral support to survivors of the two cases and their families, visits political prisoners and organizes a network of students nationally to visit Papuan political prisoners held elsewhere in Indonesia and lobbies for recognition of human rights abuses in Papua. In the first six months of this year PBHI/KSA organized several

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activities to mark anniversaries of human rights cases and most importantly has worked to establish BUK (Bersatu untuk Kebenaran, United for Truth). Changes within the organization at the Jakarta level have resulted in serious operational issues for PBHI in Papua. Jakarta-based PBHI will continue funding the KSA house contract until June 2009 and funding of KSA will continue until the end of the year as originally planned. PBI is hoping that PBHI will be able to continue its work in Papua, where legal aid is so needed and so scarce.

LP3BH (Yayasan Lembaga Penelitian, Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Bantuan Hukum, The Institute for Analyzing, Investigation and Development of Legal Aid) LP3BH is a Manokwari-based NGO that aims to empower local society through basic education and advocacy about basic rights, human rights and legal aid. LP3BH works throughout the Bird’s Head area of Western Papua with special focus on the districts of: Manokwari, Teluk Bintuni and Teluk Wondama (Waisor). PBI works closely with the Director of LP3BH, Yan Christian Warinussy. The implementation of Regulation 77 has had significant impact on the work of LP3BH in 2008 with Director Yan Christian Warinussy representing the 11 detainees in Manokwari and conducting a public campaign protesting the legality of the regulation itself. In addition to this focused work, LP3BH carried out a series of visits to local villages to provide training in legal issues to communities as well as addressing local concerns. Three staff members went on a field trip to Wasior and the Papua Sub-team provided daily check-in-calls to monitor their security situation. In October, LP3BH celebrated its 12th anniversary, with open house and law education workshops in local schools. Members of LP3BH attended the KontraS workshop on the 21 – 26 October in Jayapura. In November, a field team of combined PAST and JAST volunteers conducted a 2 week field trip to Manokwari. While in Manokwari, the team together with the client evaluated the cooperation in 2008 and to renew the socialisation of this client relationship with civil authorities and security forces. Mr. Warinussy became the legal representative for Carlos Tevez in November. Carlos Tevez is the 12th political prisoner to be arrested in connection with the flag raisings in Manokwari in March this year. He had previously been released on bail and placed under house arrest and allowed to continue High School as he is only 16 years old. Originally facing 2 years, Tevez was ultimately sentenced to four months incarceration for his involvement in peaceful demonstrations in March. LP3BH is working on monitoring human rights, the process of introducing and maintaining a state of law, conducting law education trainings for the communities and advocating and representing cases of human rights violations and monitoring the due process of law. LP3BH is also cooperating in a monitoring and advisory function with the largest economic project in the province, British Petroleum’s (BP) Tangguh LNG project. While the team was in Manokwari, LP3BH had a meeting with the Independent Advisory Team of the Tangguh Project (TIAP), which illustrated their connections to BP, as they were the only Civil Society Organisation (CSO) we have met that also met with TIAP. LP3BH’s work on trainings on law education for local communities in areas affected by huge projects and land conflicts (Bintuni and Wondama) leads members of its staff to areas where communal tensions (between/inside communities in the Tangguh area south of Bintuni Bay and the area to the north) and vertical conflict (communities and security forces (Wondama: Impact of Wasior case where LP3BH did advocacy on behalf of victims; oil palm plantations and the conflict potential they bring; Bintuni: between Tangguh’s security forces

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and local communities plus potential for attempts by security forces to gain access) might have an impact on their security. The following is an excerpt from the 2008 contract evaluation meeting with LP3BH: “Safety and prevention/deterrence: Q: Does PBI help the staff of LP3BH in relation to (feelings/perceptions) of safety? “It has a huge effect because in the past we worked without PBI and were quite often intimidated but this has decreased in the past 2 years.” Network and socialization. Q: According to you, had the interaction with authorities changed since becoming a PBI client? “The relationship is better now, we feel more respected” Quality (of PBI service) Q: According to you, are there needs which have been fulfilled in the last 12 months? The intensive CiC [twice a day, everyday] feels like we’re not working alone.

SKP (Sekretariat Keadlilan dan Perdamaian Keuskupan Jayapura, Office for Justice and Peace of the Catholic Diocese in Jayapura) SKP, the Office for Justice and Peace of the Catholic Diocese in Jayapura, represents all SKP sections in Papua, located in Merauke, Sorong, Timika and Agats. All branches are included in the client contract and all SKP staff and volunteers can request PBI protective services. SKP is involved in a broad range of activities regarding human rights, advocacy and prevention of abuses. Currently they actively engage in: advocacy for victims of human rights abuses, publication and documentation of human rights abuses (including research and investigation), education and awareness programs, peace-building activities, interfaith dialogue and cooperation. In the second half of 2008, PAST carried out a client evaluation/contract renewal meeting with SKP. SKP have a focus on the border regions, as the districts of Keerom near Jayapura, Pegunungan Bintang in the central mountains and Merauke on the southern coast. In those areas, they investigate reported human rights violations, monitor the behavior of troops stationed in villages towards the communities, provide paralegal trainings and support repatriates who returned from Papua New Guinea. Together with Foker LSM Papua, SKP organised the Peace Day event in Jayapura on 20th September. SKP’s work in 2008 has been interesting and varied. SKP hosted the launching of a book on peaceful solutions in Papua, written by Neles Tebay, lecturer at the Catholic University Fajar Timur, Abepura. SKP have been observing recent demonstrations in Jayapura. They are working on a project with the street vendors (“mama-mama”) to secure a permanent market place and are acting as an advisor and a link to authorities. SKP will be releasing a report soon regarding the conditions of Internally Displaced Persons in the border regions investigating and advocating for IDP groups in Batom on the PNG border. In November, staff members of SKP Timika and Merauke attended trainings in Jayapura, where PBI volunteers could meet with them. SKP Timika reported that the situation in Timika is far more repressive and tightly controlled by security forces than in Jayapura.

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SKP Jayapura hosted a TV program for International Human Rights Day on TVRI to advocate the problems of the marginalization of indigenous Papuans in commerce, using the example of the case of the market women, or ‘mama-mamas’ in Jayapura. After helping the mama-mama’s with a number of demonstrations and advocating their case to the provincial government, a permanent market place has been included in the 2009 budget plan. SKP have also been active in advocating against Buchtar Tabuni’s arrest, by being the source in an Urgent Appeal from the Asia Human Rights Commission.

FOKER (Forum Kerjasama Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat Papua, Papua’s NGO Cooperation Forum) FOKER is an umbrella organisation representing a growing network of small and large NGOs throughout Papua. Representing 64 members, FOKER’s mandate is to build-up, train, and link grassroots NGOs throughout Papua with the broader goal of creating true participatory democratic government capable of advocating for local issues on a large scale. FOKER’s programs are designed to push the empowerment of participants, customary institutions and civil organizations as a process to strengthen civil society based on integrative approaches on gender, human rights and environment perspectives FOKER itself is the center of a Papua-wide network. They receive news, information, and opinions from members of their network, disseminate it and/or use it for lobbying on a local, national, and sometimes international level. FOKER dissects public policy news and information, redistributing in a way that is comprehensible to a wide audience. For example, they are currently distributing easy-to-read versions of complex RESPEK and KKR legislation. FOKER also compiles articles from mainstream media into a monthly newsletter and is one of the few reliable sources of news in Papua. As an umbrella organization, Foker engages in several different kinds of work. In September Foker organized a workshop on investigating and reporting human rights violations. Participants from across Papua, among them several clients of PBI attended this workshop. A team from Foker has undertaken a field survey project to carry out research into the state of human rights in the outlying regions of Papua. Several areas are to be visited including Serui, upon their return they will compile a report. In November, Foker held a workshop on Website-Building. Foker provided PBI with contact numbers in Sorong after the Papua Sub-team received an expression of interest in protective services. Foker has plans to open a resource centre (Foker branch office) in Wamena; however they are currently limited by lack of resources. Foker LSM finished 2008 busy with internal evaluations and planning. In early 2009, PBI and Foker plan to evaluate their contract and introduce the relationship to a new cadre of Foker employees.

Pastor John Djonga Deacon Pastor John Djonga became an individual PBI client in January 2008. He works as a Catholic priest in Waris District, Keerom Regency. Originally from Flores, Pastor John has lived in Papua for twenty-two years. As a priest, Pastor John provided pastoral care to the communities in the Waris District and following his recent promotion to Deacon, he will act as coordinator for the five parishes in the Keerom Regency. Pastor John has attracted a great deal of attention locally, nationally and internationally as a human rights activist. He describes himself as working for the local community and indigenous Papuans in Waris and Keerom where no human rights NGOs or INGOs have a consistent presence. Waris is a border area with a heavy military presence and Pastor John has acted as a mediator in disputes between local people and the military and/or the police. “In Papua there are more soldiers per head of population than there are in Iraq.

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Papua’s population is 2.5 million……there is at least one security person for every 100 civilians”.2 Border regions in particular have a heavy military presence and in Waris there is 1 security person for every 8 civilians. PBI clients and partners working in heavily militarized areas report high incidents of repression, intimidation and violence against women. When Deacon Pastor John Djonga first applied to become a PBNI client in October 2007 he had been

threatened by Kopassus troops stationed in Waris where he was living at the time. He was forced to leave Waris for several months concerned for his own safety and the safety of other villagers who supported him and the church in Waris. Since that time the non-organic (Kopassus) forces in Waris have been changed and local people report that there have been fewer threats and less intimidation. Deacon Pastor John Djonga has not reported any further threats against him. He remains a client however so that both he and the community of Waris can benefit from the deterrence effect offered by being seen to have a relationship with PBI. Deacon pastor John Djonga has also said that he appreciates that PBI has links to an international network.

PBI Volunteer Henning Borchers with Deacon Pastor John The later half of 2008 was difficult for Pastor John as he was quite ill and unable to work. In Keerom, the situation has become tense, due to a conflict between the Bupati and the head of DPR-D. The result of this conflict is an increased presence of Intel Militer in the regency. Pastor John expressed concerned about the outcome of the IPWP meetings held in London in October. According to Pastor John, authorities had preemptively prepared a reply to possible solidarity announcements. Due to his outspoken activities, Pastor John has been stigmatized by the authorities as pro-independence. In the final months of 2008, he received new information confirming that he is regarded as a ‘separatist’ and on Kopassus’ Operational Target surveillance list. PBI socialised their work and relationship to Pastor John with police and military commanders in Arso, including the commander of the new Yonif 725 (a mobile battalion of the Sulawesi Territorial Command). His investigation into a clash between youths and Kopassus soldiers in the village of Skanto has been postponed. He remains concerned about the situation along the border region in Waris and has suggested PBI continue to make field trips to the area.

BUK (Bersatu untuk Kebenaran, United for Truth )

2 Fernandes, C. (2006) Reluctant Indonesians : Australia, Indonesia and the Future of West Papua, Scribe, Melbourne cited in MacLeod, J. Non-violent Struggle in West Papua UNESCO / EOLSS

Speaking about the December 7th Commemoration Event for the Abepura Case: “The police tried to break up the crowd. They said the event wasn’t legal even though we showed them the letter informing the police about the event. But we stayed. We saw that our PBI friends were watching and we felt more inspired.”

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BUK became a PBI client in October 2008. BUK is a solidarity network of groups of survivors of human rights abuses throughout Papua including survivors from Wasior, Wamena, Timika, Biak, and Abepura. BUK is supported by Foker LSM and KontraS as well as PBHI and is seen as a rare example of cooperation between different organizations as well as offering an opportunity for survivors of human rights abuses themselves to work towards reconciliation. This opportunity is particularly important since the Truth and Reconciliation Body which the Special Autonomy Law (U.U. 21) states must be implemented has yet to materialize in Papua.

BUK's Commemoration Event for the Abepura Case BUK’s members are survivors of human rights abuses or have had relatives who were injured or died at the hands of the security forces. BUK members do not feel safe in Papua and especially do not feel safe when participating in activities such as lobbying or commemoration events which might lead them to come into contact with the security forces. BUK feels more confident knowing they can call on the protective services offered by PBI, they believe the relationship provides a deterrent effect and members have said they particularly like the idea of the Emergency Response Network. After waiting for several months and finally receiving their akta notaris (legal registration), BUK can officially begin work. In November, Peneas Lokbere, the coordinator of BUK, travelled to Jakarta in order to meet various embassies and NGOs to socialise and to secure funding for BUK. The trip was coordinated by Peneas in cooperation with PBHI Nasional and at the end of November he attended a weeklong management training workshop on by organised by KPKC (the Justice and Human Rights office of the Protestant Church in Papua)/FES (the German Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung)/Pasifis in Jayapura, along with several other BUK members from other locations in Papua like Biak and Wamena. BUK organized commemorative events in December: December 7th, remembering the bloodshed of Abepura 2000, and December 10, International Human Rights Day. PBI members attended the December 7th event in an unofficial capacity and were forbidden to take photos by a member of Police Intelligence Services. Matius Haluka, a survivor of the Abepura 2000 incident and member of BUK (now living in Wamena) came down for the commemoration on December 7th. PAST provided Check in Calls to him.

Emanuel Goo Emanuel Goo became a PBI client in September 2008. Emanuel Goo is an independent journalist based in Nabire. He is a writer for the weekly publication, Suara Perempuan Papua (SPP). SPP is currently one of the most reliable media sources in Papua with contributors based throughout Papua and are often critical of district and provincial politics, corrupt practices, illegal extraction of resources etc. PAST views SPP as one of the more accurate news sources in Papua. Goo has been subject to threats and intimidation for a number of years, including surveillance, threatening phone calls and SMS, as well as being followed and forced off the road by armed actors. He is a member of the Alliansi Journalis Independen, Papua (AJI), but Emanuel does not have

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links to international organizations except through SPP. Emanuel hopes that a relationship with PBI will have a deterrent effect and offer some protection not just to him but to other journalists working in the area. In November two members of the PAST and one member of JAST carried out a field trip to Nabire to fulfill a request made by Emanuel in September to visit Nabire to socialize PBI’s role and relationship with Emanuel. The field trip team was able to carry out meetings with the military, police, religious leaders and a number of NGOs in Nabire. He continues to write for Suara Perempuan Papua and is a freelance writer for Papua Pos Nabire; he has recently published a book on Papuan humour and has a book due out in January on democracy and human rights in Nabire. He is also in the process of setting up an NGO in collaboration with other activists in Nabire. Emmanuel was grateful for PBI’s field-trip and said it would make a big difference to both himself and the activist community in Nabire. He feels more protected now that both PBI and his position as PBI client has been socialized in the correct context with authorities. While he does not believe that this will end the surveillance he is subject to, he hopes it might increase his access to authorities for meetings.

Emanuel Goo emphasizes like other HRDs in Nabire that direct physical threats have decreased, but the shift in strategy is psychological – with stigmatization, indirect intimidation through high military presence and constant monitoring. However, at sensitive times when tensions between security forces and the people are high, violence could break out and any one could be targeted. “It is hard for activists to gain access to authorities.” He hopes PBI’s link with authorities and this field trip's aim to make authorities know who he is may help in gaining access to them in future During the field trip, Emanuel demonstrated some frustration at the current situation in Nabire regarding the elections. After the field trip he contacted PAST to say that he’d been photographed by an unknown youth who appeared drunk. He requested extra CiC when he while he was investigating a violent incident involving GKII/GKIP and the security forces. Emanuel requested CiC on 11th Dec 2008, not specifically for his own security rather to help monitor

what he sees as an increasingly tense situation in Nabire due to postponed elections and violent clashes between civilians and security forces. Tensions continue in Nabire, election tensions that have resulted in postponement and mass blockades of government buildings and other violent incidents where police have allegedly been involved with the murder of civilians. Emanuel Goo, with the support of PBI, will continue to report on these issues. Emanuel Goo’s son passed away from malaria towards the end of 2008, an unfortunate example of the state of health care in Papua. As a result of these difficulties, his work slowed markedly. He continues to write regularly for Nabire Pos, SPP and occasionally for Kompas and Tempo while producing articles for his own blog and writing books. He is waiting for finalization for an LSM he helped set up, ELPEMA, which should be running next year. Emanuel participated in an interactive discussion for RRI Nabire (National Radio Indonesia) on International Human Rights Day.

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Wamena Sub Team PBI’s subteam in Wamena (WAST) focuses on providing a protective presence in the Central Highlands through capacity building for local peace builders and human rights defenders. An active part of the local community, WAST works in partnership with local individuals and organization through participatory peace education (PPE) and peacebuilding activities. As one of the few long term international organizations with a full-time presence in the Central Highlands, PBI receives feedback from the local community suggesting that the PBI presence has had tangible impact on improving the security of the civilian population in the area. They have reported that since PBI has been in Wamena, the authorities have treated the civilian population with increased respect and they feel markedly safer. WAST activities include socialization with local organisations and authorities, monitoring the security situation, providing protective services, community led events such as International Day of Peace, film screenings, peace discussions, the peace library and conflict transformation workshops. Peace Day September 21st September 21st, 2008 marked the 3rd International Day of Peace celebration in Wamena facilitated through the cooperation of civil society and PBI. In 2006, PBI worked together with Theo Hesegem to organize the Day of

Peace celebrations. In 2007, PBI worked in partnership with local NGOs and was the sole funder. In 2008, PBI acted as a facilitator for the work of Day of Peace 2008 Committee and was a major funder. In 2007, PBI role was significant, PBI facilitated everything and within the committee PBI team had an important organizing role although compared to 2006, PBI’s role had diminished. In an effort to further empower local actors the PBI team and the Peace Day committee aimed to further reduce the role of PBI in 2008. This eventually meant, PBI helped to form a committee, facilitated Peace Day Committee meetings, socialized Peace Day with the authorities and reduced its financial support by encouraging the committee to seek other sources of funding.

Peace Day Parade in Wamena The local partners gathered weekly from June until peace day and planned the activities with few inputs from PBI. All the ideas came from local partners and funding proposals were written by the Committee itself. PBI facilitated a participatory process, provided international protective presence, and 76% of funding. WAST advocated for bigger roles for women, a more inclusive process and the use of consensus decision-making. The Peace Day package consisted of a series of events: a peace seminar, a children’s colouring competition, a radio dialogue, a parade and a traditional feast. Peace Day 2008 was particularly important given the sensitive security context that followed the August 9th shooting. Many committee members have expressed that in the context of the shooting and the upcoming elections, a peaceful parade meant more than it would have meant at

“If there is no PBI, they would say our activity is the activity of separatists.” Peace Day Committee member, Wamena

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any other time. WAST, together with the peace day organizing committee is in the process of capturing the story in a Peace Day Booklet.

Peace Education Activities The Peace Library in Wamena has been actively used in 2008. Visitors span demographic categories, ranging in age from the very young to the very old, male and female, indigenous and non-indigenous residents of the central highlands. In the context of the August 9th shooting, the WAST team observed an increase in the use of the library. Activists used the materials in the library to study topics such as international law, treason, the role of security forces and human rights law. Given the extensive use of the library, WAST has plans to expand the Library into a Peace Resource Centre in 2009. WAST’s workplan for the second half of 2008 included Participatory Peace Education workshops. The team worked with local organization, KPKC GKI, (Gereja Kristen Injili di Tanah Papua, the biggest Christian Church in Papua and KPKC is the office of Justice, Peace and Integrity of Creation) to co-facilitate a follow-up workshop on conflict transformation and facilitation that had taken place in October 2007. The process for designing a follow-up activity such as this involved three preparatory meetings for a one day event. The PBI/GKI partnership has more activities planned for 2009. Peace Dance with Sangaar Seni

After the Peace Day 2008 activities WAST was invited to a performance of a dance group in Woma The local dance group is part of Sanggar Seni, an Arts Collective and is WAST’s future partner. The Peace Dance project idea came up as a result of the team’s visit where they watched different dances and a theatre-like performance. The idea behind the project is to have a dance activity with a peace building focus and also to have a peace building effect on tensions between indigenous Papuans tribes and between indigenous Papuans tribes and Indonesian immigrants. The goal is to illustrate that dances has been used as a peacebuilding tool throughout of the history of Papuan culture.

“On the whole we can proudly say that our overall impact was positive this year. We operated in a context of trauma August 9th. In this context we were able to build semangat (spirit) of the people. We also

increased the trust of government towards NGOs… Broadly speaking, with Peace Day we have created some peaceful momentum to assist in overcoming fear, trauma and tension stemming from August 9 and from the ongoing election uncertainty and tension. This is a context of vulnerability to conflict. We have

called upon the political elite to desist from using conflict as political tool and take responsibility for contributing to peace. Overall, we can say we have had a powerful positive impact”

Member of Peace Day organizing committee

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Protective Accompaniment Services After the Aug 9 flag raising and shooting, WAST provided check-in calls to all members of their client and partner organisation on the day itself, and continued to call JAPH&HAM director Theo Hesegem at least once a day, and to keep in touch with members of YSBA in the weeks that followed. WAST responded to the situation by providing a proactive presence around Wamena, walking round the town in PBI shirts as often as possible, and ensuring they were seen by authorities, particularly at Independence Day events. WAST met with local authorities following the flag raising and shooting to raise their concerns for the safety of the community, and to remind authorities of PBI’s presence. WAST provided Protective Accompaniment to their client JAPH&HAM on a trip to the village of Kurima to investigate allegations of human rights abuses. On a previous attempt to conduct the investigation, JAPH&HAM had been harassed by the military and refused entry into the village. On the return visit, with Protective Accompaniment, they were allowed access and were able to conduct the investigation. WAST conducted a second Protective Accompaniment for JAPH&HAM in November when they had a sensitive meeting with the head of police. WAST maintained regular contact with the client organization, JAPH&HAM. As part of the Peace Day committee, WAST met regularly with Theo, Elkana and Oskar of JAPH&HAM. Theo frequently traveled outside of Wamena during that period and all PBI teams provided security support for him. WAST made a protective presence field trip to Bolakme, a small, heavily militarized village outside of Wamena and in early December carried out a 4-day field trip to Dekai together with members of the JAST team. The WAST/JAST field trip to Dekai accomplished all of its main objectives: re-opening contacts with civil, police and military authorities, and making new contacts with GIDI, two NGOs and the local head of the hospital. The team socialized PBI in depth to these actors and were able to gather important information about Dekai, particularly about natural resource extraction, development plans, land conflicts, police/community tensions and future conflict potential. The new information provides a basis to make comparisons with Jayawijaya area to broaden the team’s understanding of the Pegunungan Tengah region. Multi-Level Diplomacy WAST has a proactive socialization strategy. WAST met with the Police Chief (Kapolres), giving him a full socialization of PBI’s activities in Wamena and Papua. While in Jakarta, WAST met with the Acehnese NGO Sunspirit, the Australian embassy, and Search for Common Ground (SFCG). Sunspirit asked WAST if it is possible to link them up with local art NGOs in Wamena or Papua. Their idea is to raise awareness about peace and coexistence through art and they want to develop a joint Aceh/Papua art project. In a meeting with SFCG, WAST gave an update about the situation in the Central Highlands trying to encourage them to try hard in order to get projects running in various regions of Papua based on observed need for for peacebuilding NGOs among local communities and civil society organizations. They donated books for kids, t-shirts, baseball caps and radio drama cds to the Peace Library. WAST met with Humi Inane, a women’s rights organization to follow up on a recent rape case. The perpetrator is known to be the son of a local politician currently running for Bupati. Despite a 3 day police search he hasn’t

“We’re really grateful for PBI. We feel really protected”- JAPH&HAM, when talking to PBI about feeling threatened when local Batalyon soldiers questioned his wife.

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been caught as he’s gone to Jayapura, and the police are unwilling to coordinate with each other. Local activist, Ibu Salomina is advocating for justice, believing this to be an important test case. WAST inquired about trends in the prosecution rates for sexual assault and was told that although previously rare, but are now on the rise. In an effort to strengthen relationships within the human righs community across the archipelago, WAST met with the director of PBHI Jakarta, Sam, during his visit to the central highlands.. Socialization work is challenging and experiencing the concrete impact of this work can be elusive. In 2008, WAST was able to experience the positive impact when there were able to take advantage of good relationships with the Kapolres, Dandim, Kesbang and Intel during a difficult security context. After the August 9 shooting, WAST were able to meet immediately with the Kapolres and Dandim, raising concerns for the security of the civiolian population, advocating for a peaceful resolution and reminding the authorities about their client and partner relationships. Also, despite the sudden influx of new PBI personnel into the area, that occurred as a result of the shooting, the transparent and proactive approach to socialization with Intel and Kesbang avoided any problems. WAST was also able to meet with several embassies plus EU and UN bodies in Jakarta to provide information and analysis on the events of August 9, strengthening PBI’s reputation as a trusted source of information on current events in Papua. In September, WAST met with the authorities, local NGOs and several embassies in Jakarta. Peace Day activities have been good tool to socialize PBI by physical presence of PBI at each event and also, by informally socializing with the police officers, Dandim, Wakapolres, Bupati, Sekda, and Kantor Kejaksaan. WAST socialized PBI in Kimbim, Kurulu, Ibele, Bolakme, the authorities in Wamena and the Kabag Pemerintahan of Dekai in the final months of 2008.

PBI Clients in Wamena & Region

JAPH&HAM (Jarangan Advokasi Penyadaran Hukum & HAM, Legal Awareness and Human Rights Advocacy Organisation) JAPH&HAM investigates and reports upon Human Rights Violations and provides legal counsel to relatives of victims of violations, offering support and encouraging families to bring cases forward into official channels. They accompany victims and relatives of victims of violations during investigations, funerals, travel etc. JAPH&HAM carries out Human Rights education in rural communities, focusing on raising awareness of existing human rights legislation and means for citizens’ to seek justice in case of violations or abuses. They also have a program of Human Rights trainings with Police. Director, Theo Hesegem is one of the original organizers of public events such as International Peace Day and International Human Rights Day. Events have included parades, ceremonial traditional feasts, radio discussions, film screening, inspection visits to local jail, commemoration of human rights violations victims and public assemblies.

YSBA (Yayasan Silimo Bina Adat – Space for Local Culture Foundation) (Silimo is traditional courtyard enclosure of the Honai dwelling compound: a place for meetings and traditional activities.) YSBA aims to strengthen and revitalize local cultural traditions, reinforce relevance of traditional culture within modern society, advance a humanist program in harmony with cultural values of Balim Valley, develop capacity of local community to overcome conflict and build peace. YSBA carries out traditional cultural education in areas of hunting, traditional crafts and tool making, local languages, art, music, health, sport, conflict resolution, peacemaking, targeting youth drop-outs in particular. A primary focus for YSBA is promoting discussion and dialogue on peace and conflict resolution.

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What is Ahead for PBI Indonesia As the human rights and peacebuilding context in Indonesia evolves, so does the work of the Indonesia Project. The IP is currently conducting a complete context analysis, futures prediction and strategic planning. PBI engages in disciplined processes to ensure that PBI presence is required not simply desired. PBI places emphasis on empowerment and participation, placing all decisions against a framework that is designed to prevent dependency and to encourage independence. The IP is exploring the development of longer term joint initiatives with previously untapped bodies such as universities, quasi-governmental organizations and traditional tribal/cultural leadership. Partnerships such as these are designed to infuse existing capacity with strength, skills, and resources from the international community. Given the geographical challenges of working in an archipelago, the IP is implementing a plan to increase conscious visibility. One of the most immediate protection mechanisms PBI utilizes is physical presence. While many of the IP clients and partners benefit from regular physical visits in the population centres, many still work in isolated towns and villages throughout Papua specifically and Indonesia generally. Statistics show that the highest percentage of direct human rights violations occur in these remote areas where there are virtually no national or international observers. Beginning in October 2008, the IP teams will be engaging in longer term field visits scheduled in a systematic fashion to provide maximum visibility. Implementation of this plan has come as a result of deep situational and risk analysis, consultation and strategic planning. The IP believes that in order to challenge the status-quo of Indonesia’s human rights context it is critical to presence in remote areas. The IP has begun exploring the area of Early Warning and Prevention. Since the fall of Soeharto, many short, sharp violent conflicts sparked by small trigger events have occurred throughout the country. Although the death tolls, on the relative scale, may be considered small with casualties only appearing in the hundreds the long term de-stabilization caused by these incidents is a serious barrier to the development of positive peace and deep democracy. The IP is exploring working with local partners interested in developing Early Warning and Prevention mechanisms in their communities. Finally, together with PBI International the IP is developing a 3-year strategic public advocacy campaign to launch in 2009. One of the IP’s core working principles is to increase understanding of Indonesia and Indonesian human rights defenders on the international stage. While the IP has engaged in piecemeal activities to support this goal, the project has yet to have a strategic, well resourced long term work-plan. Earlier political conditions made this kind of work extremely difficult in Indonesia as the highly secretive nature of the Indonesian government and the deep subtleties of Indonesian culture made it difficult to share stories on the international stage. As Indonesia is evolving towards reaching its goal of being a significant economic and political global player, the country has become member and signatory to a number of human rights treaties, conventions and mechanisms. The government is exploring issues such as right-based policing, human rights

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training for military authorities, tackling corruption and impunity. Through public advocacy work, the IP together with partners and clients will continue to challenge abuses and neglect and support both government and civil society in celebrating positive progresses made.

Conclusion PBI’s work in Indonesia has spanned both the cultural and the geographical extremes of the archipelago, from Aceh to Papua, from devout Muslims to tribal Christians, from open conflict to heavily militarized yet quiet repression. As the political and security context has evolved, so has the work of the IP. Proactive presence measures its impact through soft indicators such as client feedback, slowly changing patterns of behaviour amongst authourities, observed increases in the capacity of civil society etc. 2008 has been challenging in the context of peace and human rights in Indonesia. IP clients are reporting feeling safer and having increased confidence to do their work as a result of PBI’s presence. In Indonesia, PBI has observed that the proactive presence provided by teams of volunteers has helped to build confidence and speed progress in transition from conflict to peaceful resolutions. Political and financial supporters need to understand and value incremental protection and the role it plays on strengthening peaceful societies. The work of PBI in Indonesia provides protection for individuals, local organizations, helps promote and protect societal initiatives reversing destructive patterns and promotes positive change. PBI brings has the capacity to increase international pressure and contributes to strengthening a culture of peace and human rights in Indonesia.

Wamena Volunteers on Peace Day 2008

“I really respect what Theo is doing in Wamena. He has really good relations with the authorities and they even were involved in Human Rights Day.” (Pak Hari from KontrasPapua) KontraS Papua and JAPH&HAM are working together for the first time on an investigation together and will produce a co-written report.

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Appendix 1: Volunteers & Staff 2008 PBI Indonesia Team Volunteers 2008

Name Nationality Name Nationality Angela Bergner German Roggi Cale American Lars Stenger German Arthur van Witzenburg Dutch Lorene Balasakis French Hanna Senft German Katrin Hecke German Johanna Wolf German Elise Stayaert Belgian Lynda Mills British Pierre Lucien Michelet Swiss Henning Borchers German Thierry Fabbian French Chris Chaplin British Tessa de Ryck Dutch Sophie Crocker British Katharine Mote American Frank Tool American Gerrit Meyer German Esther Cann British Carol Sperling German Meriam Smith Dutch Paul Metsch German Harold Passage Dutch Jane Canavan British Jacob Nerenberg Canadian Max Baroni Italian Mascha Kardashevskaya Russian Paul Arthorne Systems Administrator Volunteeer Canadian

Committees Volunteers Exec Naomi Baird (UK/Indonesia), Lin Padgham (Australia) Project Committee Angela Morgan (Australia), Dody Wibowo (Indonesia), Huibert Oldenhuis

(Netherlands/Nepal), Lars Stenger (Germany/Indonesia), Lin Padgham (Australia), Naomi Baird (UK/ Indonesia), Sarah Gyorog (USA)

People Committee Angela Morgan (Australia), Danielle Abraham (USA), Janine Tijhoff (Netherlands), Lin Padgham (Australia), Ruth Halstead (UK), Sarah Gyorog (USA), Stuart Bowman (UK)

Programme Committee Dody (Indonsia), Huibert Oldenhuis (Netherlands/Nepal), Mike Bluett (UK/Nepal), Nancy Vogt(USA), Naomi Baird (UK/Indonesia)

Staff Position Name

Project Coordinator Tiffany Easthom (Canadian), Yogyakarta HR Coordinator Anita Linares (Swiss), Yogyakarta Finance Coordinator Wibowo Kristianto, Yogyakarta Administration Ria Nisafa, Yogyakarta Finance Assistant Ibnu, Yogyakarta Fundraising Coordinator Celia Guilford, Canada

Presentations on Conflict and Culture November 2008 Volunteer Training Patrick (Switzerland), Marianne(Switzerland), Sandra (Switzerland)

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Appendix 2: 2008 PBI Indonesia Success Stories August 9th – Remember Non-Violence On August 9th, 2008 at a celebration for the UN Day for Indigenous Peoples, the security forces fired upon a peaceful crowd in Wamena, the central highlands of Papua. The impetus for the shooting was the raising of the Morning Star flag – a cultural symbol that has been declared treasonous by the central government. An innocent bystander, Opinus Tabuni was shot and killed on the scene. When the crowd of several hundred realized there was shooting and someone had been killed they became highly agitated and emotional. Historically, an event like this would have triggered an immediate retaliation from the civilian population. The organizers of the event, most of whom are clients, partners or associates of PBI immediate came off the stage to discuss what they should do. An associate of PBI, reported to the Wamena based team that they immediately started discussing non-violence – someone saying “Remember PBI and what they have said about non-violence. We have to be non-violent”. The organizers immediately addressed and circulated the crowd, instructing everyone to calm down, sit down and to not react – which they did. Had they reacted, this would have given the armed security forces a clear excuse to open fire on the crowd. Choosing to employ a non-violent strategy saved countless lives that day. PBI clients and partners reported that for the days following the shooting, as tensions rose and sweepings and arrests took place, as the community leadership continued to advocate for non-violent responses. When some

members of the community called to bring the people down from the villages for war – the leadership strictly maintained the non-violent perspective. PBI partner, Herman from YSBA, paid WAST a visit a few days after the shooting to share his feelings. Herman told the team he and his colleagues were discussing things and realized that things had changed in Wamena. He said that they had noticed a difference in the behaviour of the police and military since PBI had come to Wamena. He said that if the August 9th incident occurred a couple of years earlier, the outcome would have been much worse. He felt that there would have been widespread arbitrary arrests and torture. He said it made him and his friends realize that things had changed for the better because PBI was present.

August 9 Celebration for UN Day for Indigenous People The Library – The Police Raid On 30 October 2008 the police came to the Dewan Adat Lapago compound 3 times in one day. On this day the ‘orang tua’ of DAP were discussing how to make a written law to protect natural resources of Papua. Meeting invitations had been sent out for this important meeting, and more than 100 elders had gathered to discuss. The first time, only Paulus was present, but the masyarakat at Lapago had already been instructed on their rights, so, without a surat perintah, the police were refused entry. The second time, Yenius was present, and told them again that they needed a letter, and explained the relevant legal framework. The third time they returned with a letter, however in the letter there was no stated goal or purpose of the raid, so again Yenius refused entry, and they went home and did not return. On each visit there were 18–20 police, one “kompi”. The kompi included people from Intelkam, BIN/BAIS, ordinary police and Satlintas (the ones who wear white leather accessories, do foot patrols and normal police work). The meeting went ahead, but obviously people felt disturbed, traumatised and scared by these visits.

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Yenius had learned about the responsibilities of the police from books in the WAST library. Yenius explained that there is a law and an ethical code for police behaviour in such cases, and he had been studying about this from the book he borrowed from the library this week. He stated that the search warrant letter should actually come from the state court (pengadilan negeri). He also said that the police only have the right to bubar (dissolve/break up) a meeting if they suspect makar, that is, an activity that could disturb the community and/or endanger them. He also talked about particular laws relating to the rights of the adat community. Recent PA – Client Denied access, went back with PBI and gained access Recently, a client organization had been conducting an investigation into a human rights abuse case in a small town outside of Wamena. When the investigators arrived in the town and checked in with the military they were denied access. They were, in their words, “treated like animals” and physically thrown from the post. They requested PA and returned a few days later in the company of a PBI team and were permitted entrance. Peace Day results in NGO solidarity and credibility In 2007, PBI played a big role – facilitated everything and within the committee PBI team had an important organizing role. At the same time, compared to 2006, PBI’s role was less. Having reflected on the role of PBI 2007, PBI team and the Peace Day committee aimed to reduce the role of PBI in 2008. This eventually meant, PBI helped to form a committee, facilitated Peace Day Committee meetings, socialized Peace Day with the authorities and reduced its financial support by encouraging the committee to seek other sources of funding. The local partners gathered each week since the end of June in PBI’s house and planned Peace Day activities with few inputs from PBI. However, most of work and all the ideas came from local partners. Funding proposals were written by the Committee itself. PBI provided a participatory process, international protective presence, and 76% of funding. We pushed to give bigger roles to women, we also pushed for inclusiveness and consensus decision-making. At the first Peace Day meeting, our local partners said: “If there is no PBI, they would say our activity is the activity of separatists.” Many committee members expressed that, as a result of Peace Day work, they gained more credibility in front of the authorities. The Ketua of the Committee said that many authorities in his meetings with them said that they did not believe NGOs were able to hold events like this, to manage to gather big amount of people and secure that everything is peaceful. “… the NGOs succeeded in building some kind of civil solidarity, togetherness of society. Authorities were put in a position where they were forced to assert a commitment to peace… Position of NGOs is stronger now. NGOs are the ones who raise cases of violence and HR violations, and are then the subject of stigmatization and suspicion from authorities. But now NGOs receive public legitimacy” – Elly Sirwa. “On the whole we can proudly say that our overall impact was positive this year. We operated in a context of trauma August 9th. In this context we were able to build semangat (spirit) of the people. We also increased the trust of government towards NGOs… Broadly speaking, with Peace Day we have created some peaceful momentum to assist in overcoming fear, trauma and tension stemming from August 9 and from the ongoing election uncertainty and tension. This is a context of vulnerability to conflict. We have called upon the political elite to desist from using conflict as political tool and take responsibility for contributing to peace. Overal, we can say we have had a powerful positive impact” – Bidner Siburian Simply Visibility Recently a PBI volunteer was boarding a plane in Papua. She was on holidays but was wearing a PBI t-shirt. A young woman came up to her on the plane and said – “I know who you are, who PBI is. I feel safer because you are on this flight.”

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Appendix 3: PAST Protective Presence Table July to December 2008 KontraS Activity Number / Frequency Objective Monitoring Calls 96 Regular security check

Increase KontraS staff confidence Check-in while travelling or during high-risk situations Exchange of non-sensitive information

Meetings 13 Maintain relationship Exchange of information

Protective Accompaniment 0 Field Trips 0 BUK Activity Number / Frequency Objective Monitoring Calls 17 Regular security check

Increase BUK staff confidence Check-in while travelling or during high-risk situations Exchange of non-sensitive information


Protective Accompaniment 0 Field Trips 0 Foker LSM Activity Number / Frequency Objective Monitoring Calls 28 Regular security check

Increase Foker staff confidence Check-in while travelling or during high-risk situations Exchange of non-sensitive information


Protective Accompaniment 0 Field Trips 0 Emanuel Goo Activity Number / Frequency Objective Monitoring Calls 21 Regular security check

Increase Emanuel Goo’s confidence Check-in while travelling or during high-risk situations Exchange of non-sensitive information

Meetings 6 Maintain relationship

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Exchange of information Protective Accompaniment 0 Field Trips 1 Provide moral and physical support

Increase security forces’ awareness of client relationship Deterrence effect Proactive protective presence Monitor client situation Monitor human rights situation and political climate in client’s area Expand PBI network

Deacon John Djonga Activity Number / Frequency Objective Monitoring Calls 3 Regular security check

Increase Deacon John Djonga’s confidence Check-in while travelling or during high-risk situations Exchange of non-sensitive information

Meetings 9 Maintain relationship Exchange of information Provide moral and physical support Monitor client situation

Protective Accompaniment 0 Field Trips 5 Provide moral and physical support

Increase security forces’ awareness of client relationship Deterrence effect Proactive protective presence Monitor client situation Monitor human rights situation and political climate in client’s area Expand PBI network

SKP Sorong is currently non-active and has been for most of the year. Thus, contact has been negligible. SKP Jayapura Activity Number / Frequency Objective Monitoring Calls 4 Regular security check

Increase SKP Jayapura staff confidence Check-in while travelling or during high-risk situations Exchange of non-sensitive information

Meetings 12 Maintain relationship Exchange of information Provide moral and physical support

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Monitor client situation Protective Accompaniment 0 Field Trips 0 SKP Timika Activity Number / Frequency Objective Monitoring Calls 29 Regular security check

Increase SKP Timika staff confidence Check-in while travelling or during high-risk situations Exchange of non-sensitive information


Protective Accompaniment 0 Field Trips 0 SKP Agats Activity Number / Frequency Objective Monitoring Calls 29 Regular security check

Increase SKP Agats staff confidence Check-in while travelling or during high-risk situations Exchange of non-sensitive information


Protective Accompaniment 0 Field Trips 0 SKP Merauke Activity Number / Frequency Objective Monitoring Calls 29 Regular security check

Increase SKP Merauke staff confidence Check-in while travelling or during high-risk situations Exchange of non-sensitive information


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Protective Accompaniment 0 Field Trips 0 LP3BH Activity Number / Frequency Objective Monitoring Calls 439 Regular security check

Increase LP3BH staff confidence Check-in while travelling or during high-risk situations Exchange of non-sensitive information

Meetings 6 Maintain relationship Exchange of information Provide moral and physical support Moniter client situation

Protective Accompaniment 0 Field Trips 1 Provide moral and physical support

Increase security forces’ awareness of client relationship Deterrence effect Proactive protective presence Moniter client situation Moniter human rights situation and political climate in client’s area Expand PBI network Carry out client evaluation/extend contract

PBHI/KSA Activity Number / Frequency Objective Monitoring Calls 36 Regular security check

Increase PBHI/KSA staff confidence Check-in while travelling or during high-risk situations Exchange of non-sensitive information


Protective Accompaniment 0 Field Trips 0

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Appendix 4: WAST Protective Presence Table July to December 2008 JAPH&HAM Activity Number / Frequency Objective Monitoring Calls 50 Regular security check

Increase JAPH&HAM confidence Meetings 40 Maintain relationship

Exchange of information Deterrence

Check in Visits 8 Visible deterrence effect, responding to fear caused by specific incidents around that time.

Protective Accompaniment 2 Provide moral and physical support while travelling to a heavily militarised area

YSBA Activity Number / Frequency Objective Meetings 27 Maintain relationship

Exchange of information Provide support and guidance on peacebuilding activities

PPE activities 10 Workshops 3 Needs assessments 2 Discussion forum 1 Peace Day 2008 activities 4 Peace Discussion 1

Building peace in Wamena: beginning and strengthening relationships between different sectors of society, strengthening civil society role, strengthening trust between authorities and civil society, empowering local civil society, giving space for dialogue and discussion, encouraging people to look for solutions to their problems, providing opportunities to learn and practice concepts and skills like conflict transformation and mediation. Many activities shared with GKI/KPKC.

Sanggar Seni Activity Number / Frequency Objective Meetings 9 Maintain relationship

Exchange of information Provide support and guidance on peacebuilding activities and funding applications

PPE activities PeaceDance preparatory 2 field trips

1.To get to know the dance groups who will later be involved in the project, and get an understanding of their situation. 2.To show our confidence in Joko and his work, as a support to him.

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Appendix 5: JAST Protective Presence Table July to December 2008 Multi-level diplomacy Activity Number / Frequency Objective Monitoring Calls 48 Regular security check

Exchange of non-sensitive information Team Check In Calls 96 Regular security check

Back up for Papua Field teams Exchange of non-sensitive information

Meetings 100 Maintain relationship Exchange of information Socialise PBI with authorities Strengthen the political support network

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Appendix 6: PAST Clients: Summary of activities 2008 ORGANIZATION and AREA OF WORK

CURRENT CASES NO. OF MEMBERS AND BENEFICIARIES

KontraS Papua (Komisi Untuk Orang Hilang dan Korban Tindak Kekerasan, Commission for Disappearances and Victims of Violence) The mandate of KontraS Papua is to campaign, lobby and advocate for the disappeared and victims of violence. Other main activities include fact-finding missions, monitoring of demonstrations and dialogue facilitation. KontraS Papua also offers free legal representation to indigenous Papuans, especially those who are involved in human rights work www.kontras.org

Prison visits to monitor the conditions and health of prisoners (on-going) Accompaniment to Buchtar Tabuni and Seby Sembom (human rights activists and spokesmen for International Parliamentarians for West Papua (IPWP) in Papua). These 2 activists were arrested in December 2008 for their leading role in peaceful demonstrations in October (to coincide with IPWP meeting in London) calling for a referendum and are being charged with makar (subversion). KontraS Papua’s role in this case is to give legal accompaniment (to check that the investigation process and treatment under arrest is in accordance with the law) rather than legal representation (defending the client) because of the sensitivity of subversion cases (Dec 2008 – present) Co-investigated and co-produced a report (Jan 2009) on an incident in Wamena in late Dec 2009 involving the police and civilians where one man was shot dead by police and another man died of stab wounds (under investigation). Monitoring demonstrations in Jayapura, among them: IPWP (See above, October 2008), against the on-going militarization of Papua and West Papua provinces (November 2008), demonstration in protest of the firing of 2 indigenous Papuans from the Provincial Election Commission (Jan 2009), student demonstration to call for the release of Buchtar Tabuni (Dec 2008), demonstration where market sales-women demanded a permanent market place (Nov 2008, Dec 2008), monitor the situation of students occupying (on permission by Papuan Customary Council) Theys Eluays grave as a show of solidarity for Buchtar Tabuni and Seby Sembom and to draw attention to HR situation in Papua (Dec 2008 – on-going) KontraS Papua held a number of press conferences: - To urge the government to speed up the process of the creation of

the Human Rights Commission in Papua (KOMNAS HAM) (there used to be one but suffered funding issues and is no longer

At present there are 7 staff members of KontraS Papua (4 men and 3 women) and 15 volunteers. KontraS Papua have 45 direct beneficiaries. KontraS Papua often face funding issues and staff members often work without pay for many months at a time.

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functional.) (Jan 2009) - Calling for the release of a human rights lawyer Sabar Iwanggin

who was arrested in 2007 for libel – insulting the President via SMS. The case is controversial because a) he was arrested by anti-terror unit D-88 and b) he did not create the SMS but forwarded it on to others. c) Police traced the SMS to him but have yet to identify where the SMS was created (October 2008)

- Urging the Navy to follow up on rape case that happened in Hamadi (Jayapura) in May 2008. (Jan 2009)

In January 2008, 2 members of KontraS Papua attended the PI training.

FOKER LSM (Forum Kerjasama Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat Papua, Papua’s NGO Cooperation Forum) FOKER is an umbrella organisation representing a growing network of small and large NGOs throughout Papua and West Papua. FOKER’s mandate is to build-up, train, and link grassroots NGOs throughout Papua with the broader goal of fostering participatory democratic institutions and processes capable of advocating for local issues on a large scale. FOKER’s programs are designed to push the empowerment of participants, customary institutions and civil organizations to strengthen civil society based on integrative approaches on gender, human rights and environment perspectives http://www.fokerlsmpapua.org

Setting up and coordinating a coalition of both Jayapura-based NGOs and Manokwari-based NGOs to monitor earthquake relief operation in Manokwari. Foker LSM also obtained a certain amount of emergency relief funding through their international network, which they are distributing to the affected community through Foker member organizations in Manokwari. (Jan 2009) Part of the Stop AIDS Now coalition of Jayapura based NGOs and INGOs (on-going). Head of Foker LSM has attended international speaking tours: in the USA, New Zealand (early 2008). He recently attended trainings in Bali (July 2008) and South Africa (Oct/Nov 2008) held by the International Center for Transnational Justice (ICTJ) on Truth and Reconciliation bodies. Advocate on land rights, environmental issues related to natural resource extraction (partnered with Environmental Investigation Agency (EIA)) to produce films about Papua. Investigates HR condition in Papua and West Papua. September 2008 – co-organised International Peace Day with SKP which placed emphasis on the propagation of peace and human rights through culture (music and art). Lends financial support to non-member organizations/individuals who are carrying out HR investigations or advocacy/lobbying trips to Jakarta (Nov 2008). Held a training workshop on HR investigation and reporting in September 2008 (attended by some PBI clients). Facilitated training in West Papua (Manokwari) on community development and capacity building for local NGOs (July and August 2008)

Foker currently has approximately 12 staff members and a number of volunteers. Foker LSM has 64 member NGOs, and a wider network of informal partnerships with other NGOs and individuals in Papua and West Papua.

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In January 2008, 1 member of Foker attended the PI training.

BUK (Bersatu untuk Kebenaran, United for Truth) BUK is an Abepura-based umbrella organisation of survivors’ groups from Abepura, Biak, Timika, Wamena and Wasior. BUK was founded in order to strengthen individuals’ efforts to support survivors and their families as well as seek truth and justice. Activities include capacity-building, networking with Papuan, national and international organisations as well as commemoration events, such as of major cases of human rights abuse, international human rights day, etc. BUK has 6 programmes:

1) Building up solidarity among survivors of State violence in Papua

2) Providing legal recognition and reparation for survivors of State violence

3) Empowering survivors to become human rights defenders

4) Bringing perpetrators to face the Law

5) Keeping record of human rights crimes in Papua to be used as historical material for future generations

BUK is new and still awaiting responses from funding proposals from a trip to lobby and publicize BUK to national and international organizations and embassies. On 6 July 2008 BUK commemorated ‘Biak Berdarah (1998), bloody Biak’ with a candlelit vigil in Abepura. The event was attended by survivors of the Biak case and also members of other HR cases as a mark of solidarity. On 7 December 2008 BUK commemorated the ‘Kasus Abepura, Abepura Case (2000)’ with a candlelit vigil in Abepura and long march. Survivors from the case also spoke out during the event. BUKs plans for 2009 is to bring together BUK members from all of the five areas to attend and support events in each area on their respective commemoration dates. Head of BUK (then with PBHI) attended the PI training in January 2008.

BUK consists of five branches of survivor groups (Biak, Wasior, Jayapura, Timika, and Wamena). There are 6 staff members and many more volunteers. As a support and solidarity network for survivors of HR violations, BUK’s members are also its primary beneficiaries, currently this is over 300 individual members.

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6) Linking the community of Papuan survivors with national and international survivor networks.

Emanuel Goo Emanuel Goo, member of the nation-wide AJI (Aliansi Journalis Independen, Independent Journalists’ Alliance), works as an independent journalist in the Nabire region. He is a regular contributor to the weekly Suara Perempuan Papua (Papuan Women’s Voice) as well as other alternative media outlets. He also maintains an internet blog http://gooemanuel.blogspot.com His reporting on illegal commercial activities, corrupt politicians and abuse of power of security forces as well as the marginalisation of Papua’s indigenous population have exposed him to numerous threats.

Emanuel is a freelance writer for the daily Nabire paper and also contributes to Suara Perempuan. He has recently written articles on the exploitation of natural resources in Nabire and most recently on issues related to local elections in Nabire – including an article questioning the rejection of a female indigenous Papuan candidate from candidate registration (Dec 2008). Also in December he reported on an incident involving civilians and Police whereby 2 civilians were shot during a church related issue. In December he requested additional CiCs. He has recently published a book on Papuan humour (mop) and in 2009 will publish another book on human rights and democracy in Nabire called ‘Nabire in Ashes’. He is currently in the process of setting up his own NGO that will focus on economic empowerment of indigenous Papuans, advocate for democracy and human rights and also attempt to initiate inter-ethnic and inter-religious dialogue. PAST plan to visit this non-Jayapura based client at least once this year.

1 member, himself. EG’s work as a journalist benefits the entire literate population of Papua through the Suara Perempuan Papua Bi-weekly Paper and the daily Nabire Pos.

Deacon John Djonga Deacon John provided pastoral care to the communities in the Waris District and following his recent promotion to Deacon, will act as coordinator for the five parishes in the Keerom Regency, neighbouring Jayapura regency. Deacon John promotes the rights of the local community and indigenous Papuans in Waris and Keerom, where no human rights NGOs or INGOs have a consistent presence. He often acts as a mediator in

In July 2008, Deacon John Djonga was a key speaker in a public discussion on palm oil plantations held by SKP Jayapura. As well, he co-authored the report that was produced for this discussion/seminar. Between July and October 2008, Deacon John Djonga was investigating events related to a violent incident between Kopassus and civilians in Skanto, Keerom. He is frequently called to investigate cases like this. Most recently in January 2009, Deacon John Djonga has been active voicing his concerns at kabupaten level questioning the selection process for workers in the Department of Religious Affairs in Keerom regency where 20 out of 23 accepted candidates were Muslim (and not indigenous Papuans). He was part of a group that travelled to Jakarta to raise this issue in parliament.

1 member, himself. Deacon John’s work benefits the entire Pastoran of Kabupaten Keerom, which is under his responsibility (approx 16,000 people). And he has been directly involved in 10 individual cases.

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disputes between local people and the military and/or the police.

PAST plan to visit this non-Jayapura based client at least once a month.

LP3BH (Yayasan Lembaga Penelitian, Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Bantuan Hukum, The Institute for Analyzing, Investigation and Development of Legal Aid) LP3BH, a Manokwari-based NGO, aims to empower local society through basic education and advocacy about basic rights, human rights and through legal aid. LP3BH works throughout the Bird’s Head area of Western Papua. The Director of LP3BH, Yan Christian Warinussy, is a vocal opponent of Regulation 77, which labels the Morning Star Flag a separatist symbol. The implementation of this regulation has led to numerous arrests throughout 2008 for peaceful flag-raisings. LP3BH is among the legal aid organisations representing those arrested.

LP3BH have been very active in 2008. Members of LP3BH attended the PI training in January 2008. Throughout the year, Yan Christian Warinussy (YCW) gave legal representation to a group of 11 men who were tried with subversion (makar) for their involvement in demonstrations in March 2008 where the Morning Star flag was unfurled. In October/November the men were initially sentenced to 8 months in prison each and in December, Carlos Tevez, a 16 year old, was sentenced to 4 months in prison. The prosecution appealed the sentences to the High Court in Jayapura and the 11 men were then sentenced to 3 years and 3.5 years for Jack Wanggai (as leader of the demo). YCW has appealed the entire case to the Supreme Court in Jakarta. On December 1st 2008, LP3BH actively monitored celebrations in Manokwari during what is regarded as Papuan Independence Day. That day a student activist was arrested (violently) by police for carrying a banner with the morning star flag during a peaceful demonstration/long march. YCW accompanied the activist throughout the interrogation process, he was released the same day. In the following days, YCW accompanied 2 men, the head of the Papuan Indigenous Council (DAP) for Manokwari and head of activist group KNPP who were summoned for questioning by police for their involvement in the December 1st celebrations. In January 2009, Manokwari suffered the effects of a number of big earthquakes. LP3BH is monitoring the aid effort in rural areas as well as working closely with Foker LSM in coordinating other local NGOs. LP3BH serve as advisors to BP for the Bintuni Bay project. Between Febuary and March 2009, LP3BH will carry out local government sponsored legal trainings to communities in Wasior. They will be introduced to the basics of positive law to compliment ‘adat’ or customary law. In January 2009, YCW attended a training on election monitoring in Jakarta held by University Indonesia. LP3BH sent 2 members to the IP training in January 2008. PAST plan to visit this non-Jayapura based client at least once this year. YCW requested additional CiCs for December 1st and on 4th December

LP3BH consists of 9 permanent staff (5 male, 4 female) and 2 volunteers. At the moment LP3BH has 300 beneficiaries across a number of regencies in West Papua Province.

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when 2 large earthquakes hit Manokwari.

SKP (Sekretariat Keadilan dan Perdamaian Keuskupan Jayapura, Office for Justice and Peace of the Catholic Diocese in Jayapura) Branches of SKP are located throughout Papua, and PBI maintains regular contact with their offices in Sorong, Agats, Timika, and Merauke. SKP is involved in a broad range of activities regarding human rights, advocacy and prevention of abuses. Currently they actively engage in advocacy for victims of human rights abuses, publication and documentation of human rights abuses (including research and investigation), education and awareness raising programs, peace-building activities, interfaith dialogue and cooperation. In the Jayapura and Keerom region, SKP also investigates the impacts of the palm oil industry. SKP have 4 main programmes:

1) Community strengthening 2) Human rights investigation, data

collection 3) Advocacy 4) Lifestyle awareness

www.hampapua.org

Between October 2008-December 2009, SKP have been giving advice and support to market-saleswomen to lobby the government to provide them a permanent sheltered market space. SKP have also used this case to advocate the marginalization of indigenous Papuans. As a result, in December, the local government granted budget allocation for the ‘mama-mamas’. SKP will monitor the process of this promise. SKP also give advice to student activist groups in Jayapura (on-going). In 2009, SKP will open a new resource center which aims to provide student groups a space to freely hold discussions and film-screenings on current issues (January/Febuary 2009) In July 2008, SKP facilitated a public discussion on the effects of palm oil plantation in the community of Keerom. SKP and FokerLSM jointly organized a concert for International Peace Day in September 2009 with the Rasta Society and local arts group. The concert placed emphasis on the propagation of peace and human rights through culture (music and art). Throughout 2008, SKP have been actively monitoring the human rights condition in Waris (border area) – specifically looking that the involvement of natural resource extraction companies and security forces. SKP also frequently send teams to the border regions to monitor the condition of IDPs from PNG. SKP also monitored demonstrations in Jayapura in October, November and December (see above KontraS Papua). SKP have also published a number of books this year including: ‘The Practice of Torture in Aceh and Papua 1998-2007’ (Feb 2008) – in coordination with ‘Papua: It’s Problems and Possibilities for a Peaceful Solution’ by Father Neles Tebay (June 2008)

SKP Jayapura (including Wamena) has 6 members of staff and 11 volunteers. The beneficiaries of SKP Jayapura’s work include the entire Keuskupan Jayapura, which includes the central highlands (Wamena) area. Groups SKP helps include: student groups (10s), market women (100s), communities along the border (100s) and IDPs(100s)

SKP Merauke

Members of SKP Merauke attended the PI training in January 2008. PAST plan to visit this non-Jayapura based client at least once this year.

The beneficiaries of SKP Merauke’s work include the entire Keuskupan Merauke.

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SKP Timika

Early 2008. SKP Timika were involved in investigating a group of 6 men arrested for raising the Morning Star flag in Timika in December 2007. One member of SKP Timika subsequently received threatening phone calls for this. A member of SKP Timika attended the PI training in January 2008. In October 2008, SKP Timika covered cases of flag raisings and the bombs in Mimika area. PAST plan to visit this non-Jayapura based client at least once this year.

The beneficiaries of SKP Timika’s work include the entire Keuskupan Timika.

SKP Agats

We have not been able to get an update on current work from this client.

The beneficiaries of SKP Agats’s work include the entire Keuskupan Agats.

SKP Sorong

SKP Sorong has recently (January 7, 2009) been re-activated and we look forward to strengthening our relationship in the coming year.

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Appendix 7: WAST Clients: Summary of activities 2008

ORGANIZATION and AREA OF WORK


JAPH&HAM JAPH&HAM investigates and reports upon Human Rights Violations and provides legal counsel to relatives of victims of violations, offering support and encouraging families to bring cases forward into official channels.

Theo Hesegem, Director of JAPH & HAM, organized large public events such as International Peace Day and International Human Rights Day, and smaller events have included parades, ceremonial traditional feasts, radio discussions, film screening, inspection visits to local jail, commemoration of human rights violations victims and public assemblies.

The organization consists of 5 volunteers, from which one is only full time active towards human rights violation cases. In 2008 there was not enough funding which resulted in less activities. For 2008 there have been 8 cases of investigation of human rights violations. Besides the active work on cases there is a wide social network of contacts with civil society, authorities and local and Papuan NGO’s.

YSBA YSBA aims to strengthen and revitalize local cultural traditions, reinforce relevance of traditional culture within modern society, advance a humanist program in harmony with cultural values of Balim Valley, develop capacity of local community to overcome conflict and build peace.

YSBA carried out traditional cultural education and focused on promoting discussion and dialogue on peace and conflict resolution.

Each activity that YSBA hosts reaches approximately 20 individuals. Benefiicaries reach throughout the Balim Valley, and number in the 100’s.

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Appendix 8: JAST Clients: Summary of activities 2008 ORGANIZATION and AREA OF WORK


PBHI (Perhimpunan Bantuan Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Indonesia – Indonesian Legal Aid and Human Rights Associations) PBHI is an association which is based on individual membership and non-profit oriented. This association is dedicated to promote and defend human rights without any distinction of religion, race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, career and profession or political and ideological orientation as well as it was designed as an organisation to bring together any person concerned with human rights and diversity.

PBHI is currently working on several cases including investigations into human right violations that have occurred in Maluku and is working on a project collecting data about violations specifically associated with the implementation of special autonomy in both Aceh and Papua. PBHI is also planning a public discussion to be held in Makassar regarding the 2005 Abepura case.

Up to now, there are 10 PBHI provincial chapters which are: South Sulawesi, North Sumatera, West Sumatra, West Java, DI Yogyakarta, DKI Jakarta, Lampung, Central Java, Bali and Papua. PBHI works with members and volunteers. The national PBHI office has around 25 staff, and around 200 members. The chapters have around 5-10 staff. The number of indirect beneficiaries is hard to measure. Part of the work of PBHI is about lobby/ advocacy for survivors of human rights violations, implementation of laws or government institutions. Another part of the work exists about monitoring the implementation of special autonomy for the different regions. The number of direct beneficiaries varies, and depend on the number of clients PBHI takes on.

Suciwati Suciwati, widow of Munir Said Thalib, one of the country’s former leading human rights campaigners has been engaged in a relentless pursuit of justice since her husband’s murder on September 7, 2004, on a Garuda Airlines flight to Amsterdam. Munir was poisoned with arsenic and died on the flight.

The high profile case of Munir is arguably the pre-eminent illustration of Indonesia’s systemic resistance to redressing wrongs. While the mid-year arrest and subsequent legal proceedings of Muchdi, former member of the national intelligence agency (BIN) member were considered to advance the cause of human rights in Indonesia, the December 31st verdict acquitting him of all charges has sent a clear message to state authorities that intimidating human rights defenders is tolerated and perpetrators continue to enjoy impunity. Although PBI client Suciwati in partnership with KontraS and KomnasHam are appealing this decision human rights defenders worry that this failed conviction has cemented Indonesia’s culture of impunity.

One, an important case related to impunity of security forces in Indonesia. Has a high potential to set a precedent.

WALHI Jakarta WALHI Jakarta works on several cases: WALHI Jakarta has 39 member

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The largest forum of non-governmental, community-based and environmental organization in Indonesia, WALHI is represented in 26 provinces and has over 436 member organizations. WALHI works toward social transformation, peoples’ sovereignty, and the sustainability of the environment, life and livelihoods. WALHI works to defend Indonesia’s natural world and local communities from injustice carried out in the name of economic development.

Pondorat Sampah: 50 hectares of waste, which negatively effected poor communities. WALHI offered direct accompaniment if necesarry. For the moment the local communities did not make use of these offers. Lahan banjir daerah Pulo Kebang. Victims of the floats in the area asked for advice. There was no real follow up. Serang Banten: In Banten 22 villages were badly affected in their access to water as a result of a company extracting the groundwater. Walhi is working on this case together with Kontras and LBH. WALHI was providing research and training in relation to this case. Besides working on these cases WALHI Jakarta works on their normal programs, such as: training, education, campaigning and workshops.

organizations, such as PBHI and LBH Jakarta. The number of direct beneficiaries varies, and depend on the number of clients WALHI takes on.

Documents

PBI Indonesia Project Narrative Report · PBI Indonesia Project Narrative Report July – December 2008 . 2 Table of Contents Executive Summary ..... 3 Indonesia in 2008