IPR MANAGEMNT ACTIVITIES AT URDIPPatents- A Social Contract Patent rights are granted in return for the inventor’s full disclosure of the technology to the public The patent holder receives the right to prevent anyone else from practicing the invention In exchange, the government ensures that the information regarding the invention is publicly disclosed, and the invention itself is available for anyone’s use after the expiration of the patent. URDIP 65 MILLION PATENT DOCUMENTS GROWING RAPIDLY ( USPTO ISSUED 5000+ PATENTS IN FIRST WEEK OF JAN.) 70% OF THIS KNOWLEDGE NOT PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE FREE ACCESS TO WORLDWIDE PATENT INFORMATION (ICT ADVANTAGE) URDIP Technical information from the description and drawings of the invention; Legal information from the patent claims defining the scope of the patent and from its legal status; Business-relevant information from reference data identifying the inventor, assignee, date of filing, country of origin, etc.; Public policy-relevant information from an analysis of filing trends to be used by policymakers, e.g., in national industrial policy strategy. URDIP PATINFORMATICS Science of analyzing patent information to discover relationships and trends that would be difficult to see when working with documents on a one-to-one basis. Encompasses Patent Citation analysis, Patent Mapping and Patent Intelligence URDIP WHY PATINFORMATICS ? EARLIEST DISCLOSURE OF TECHNOLOGY- FIRST PUBLICATION AFTER 18 MONTHS OF FILING MAJORITY OF PATENTS ECONOMICALLY NON-SIGNIFICANT WHEN ISSUED MANY PATENTS ARE TECHNICALLY IMPORTANT LEVEL OF PATENT ACTIVITY- INDICATOR OF THE VALUE TECHNICAL CONTENT AND RELATED LEGAL AND BUSINESS INFORMATION HAS MANY COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS URDIP PATENT CITATIONS REFERENCES OF EARLIER PATENTS - EVIDENCE OF A CONNECTION BETWEEN TECHNICAL CONTENT AND POTENTIAL RELATIONSHIP HIGHLY CITED PATENT –TECHNICALLY MORE RELEVANT BUSINESS SIGNIFICANCE DUE TO “PATENT AROUND” PRACTICE URDIP R & D MANAGEMENT FIND OUT WHAT ALREADY EXISTS ( STATE OF ART/ IP LANDSCAPE) AND BUILD ON IT COMPARE IN TERMS OF UNIQUENESS,COST-EFFECTIVENESS AND MARKET ACCEPTANCE EVALUATE PROCESS/ PRODUCT PLANS-IMPROVED R&D ALLOCATION(PICK WINNERS, AVOID LOSERS) DEFINE PACING TECHNOLOGIES PRODUCT AREA SURVELLANCE TECHNOLOGY MONITORING-CONTINOUS PROCESS IDENTIFY SIGNIFICANT NEW THRUSTS IN TECHNICAL DIRECTION, SPOT NEW ASSIGNEES, OR TRACK CHANGES IN THE POSITION OF ACTIVE ASSIGNEES CHECK FOR INFRINGEMENTS URDIP CHARACTERISE HIGH- AND LOW-GROWTH TECHNOLOGIES FOR COMPETITORS CHARACTERISTICS OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGY - COMPANIES - TECHNOLOGIES URDIP URDIP URDIP URDIP IPC: G06F ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computers in which a part of the computation is effected hydraulically or pneumatically , optically ; computer systems based on specific computational models ; impedance networks using digital techniques) URDIP Top 10 Assignees Working in the Area of G06Q (2006-2010) URDIP Top 10 Assignees Working in the Area of G06F (2006-2010) URDIP TECHNOLOGICAL HEALTH OF THE FIRMS AND THEIR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY STRUCTURE OF INDUSTRY (Ex. Optical Fiber) COMPANY FOCUSSED ANALYSIS WILL IDENTIFY POTENTIAL TECHNOLOGY LEADERS/ ACQUISITIONS/JV PARTNERS REDUCE PLANNING UNCERTAINITY & INVESTMENT RISK URDIP ASSIST DECISION-MAKING IN COMMERCIALISATION CHOICES (LICENSE,SELL,DEVELOP OR DISCARD TEHNOLOGIES) IDENTIFY POTENTIAL TECHNICAL CUSTOMERS PATENTABILITY, VALIDITY AND FREEDOM TO OPERATE DETAILED PRIOR ART SEARCH AND IDENTIFICATION OF CRITICAL PATENTS AND LITERATURE LOOK FOR NOVELTY, NON-OBVIOUSNESS AND UTILITY PROVIDE ALL THE REQUIRED TECHNICAL BACKUP AND ANALYSIS FURTHER LEGAL POSITION – DEVELOPED BY PATENT LAWYERS URDIP Samsung Electronics and IBM Announce Patent Cross-License Agreement SEOUL, South Korea and ARMONK, N.Y., - 08 Feb 2011: Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. and IBM today announced a patent cross-license agreement, under which the companies will license their respective patent portfolios to each other. Over the past several decades, IBM and Samsung have built strong patent portfolios covering a wide range of technologies including semiconductors, telecommunications, visual and mobile communications, software and technology-based services. This cross-licensing agreement enables the two companies to innovate and operate freely while using each other's patented inventions to help keep pace with sophisticated technology and business demands URDIP IDENTIFY MOST PROLIFIC INVENTORS TRACK THEIR SCIENTIFIC CAREER, PROGRESS OF RESEARCH AND CURRENT AREAS OF ACTIVITY AND EMPLOYMENT RECORD TARGET THEM FOR EMPLOYMENT, CONSULTANCIES OR STUDENTS URDIP MIC + -Naphthol (A) Carbaryl Carbomyl chloride + CH3NH2 (C) Carbaryl URDIP RNH2 + CO + Naphthols Carbamates URDIP Focus on Technology Scenario Analysis Competitive Intelligence Studies Technology Movement Assessment URDIP Objective To identify the technologies used for replacing air with enriched oxygen for combustion in Internal Combustion Engines URDIP Why Use Enriched Oxygen instead of Air? Allows smaller combustion chamber volume to produce about the same power as compared with a bigger engine using ambient air Saves consumption of fuel due to lower engine weight More complete combustion Reduced NOx emissions In this analysis…. All the IC engine patents with integrated oxygen enriching equipment have been considered for analysis. Grouped according to the oxygen separating technologies Sub- grouped based on the technologies used for carrying out the separation URDIP Electrochemical Cell Magnetic Separator Chemical Separation Air ionizer Liquefaction Unit Widely focused technologies – Gas Separation by Membrane Technology and Adsorption Use of selectively permeable membranes and permselective membranes is on the rise Technologies with fewer patents - Magnetic separators, Gas separators like gas centrifuges Emerging Technologies – Electrochemical cells, Membrane reactors URDIP Objective – * URDIP BACKGROUND Automobile Chassis is considered to be one of the significant structures of an automobile. It is usually made of a steel frame, which holds the body and motor of an automotive vehicle. As the automobile developed engineers realized that some types of cars, especially convertibles, required extra strength in the middle of the car * Chassis Design based on arrangement of Longitudinal and Transverse members Sr.No.r 5 3 Sr.No. Technology focus in this area was in using tubular components including metal, plastics and resilient materials for front or side impact energy absorption by deformation. Maximum number of patents are focusing on the hydro formed steel or aluminum tubular component materials. These hydroformed metals impart increased strength or stiffness to a structural member, and, thus, may be used in a variety of applications. Study also highlighted the chassis designs for cars * Greater patient compliance Offers high bioavailability since it facilitates rapid drug absorption in the blood
2 major companies Inhale Therapeutic Systems A]Formulations C]Powder filling techniques Sheet1 Formulations 18 Inhalers 12 Sheet2 Sheet3 Chart4 Agglomerates Dipeptide or Tripeptide Patent Activity of Inhale in the area of Pulmonary Insulin formulations 3 10 3 1 1 Sheet1 Formulations 18 Inhalers 12 Sheet2 Agglomerates 3 1 Sheet2 0 0 0 0 0 Patent Activity of Inhale in the area of Pulmonary Insulin formulations Sheet3 URDIP BENEFITS: Appropriate friability fine powders controlled conditions URDIP Glass stabilizer : Raffinose, Na-citrate Hydrophobic Amine -- Improves dispersivity Inhalation device Minimizes waste Any agglomerates if formed prior to delivery are completely broken Delivery independent of patient inspiratory flow rate Reduced cost Inhale’s Powder filling device These devices, systems and methods : Allow for accurate and precise metering of the fine powder into unit doses for placement in unit dose receptacles. Provide for the rapid processing of the fine powders so that large numbers of unit dose receptacles can rapidly be filled with unit dosages of fine powder medicaments in order to reduce cost. URDIP ARADIGM Usage of Breathing Maneuver for increasing the bioavailability of Inhaled insulin Chart2 Devices 4 3 Sheet1 Sheet2 Devices 43 Spring, Plate Aradigm & NovoNordisk URDIP EXUBERA Completed initial Phase III clinical trials [Additional long term studies in progress] Marketing Application in Europe Device In this case; during commercialization of the products URDIP Enhancement of bioavailability of a drug can be achieved by – Changing the physical & chemical characteristics of the drugs External incorporation of a Bioenhancer BIOENHANCER is an agent that enhances bioavailability URDIP Plant-based bioenhancers Plant-based bioenhancer used Plant-based anti first pass effect compounds 33 8 36 Sheet1 8 36 Sheet1 0 0 0 Patent Activity based on the type of Plant-based bioenhancer used Sheet2 Y1993 2 Y1995 3 Y1996 7 Y1997 4 Y1998 10 Y1999 6 Y2000 11 Y2001 10 Y2002 5 Y2003 14 Y2004 5 Sheet2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Years Sheet3 URDIP Piperine-based bioenhancers How the scope of the technology widened URDIP Piperine-based Bioenhancers 8 36 Sheet1 0 0 0 Patent Activity based on the type of Plant-based bioenhancer used Sheet2 Y1993 2 Y1995 3 Y1996 7 Y1997 4 Y1998 10 Y1999 6 Y2000 11 Y2001 10 Y2002 5 Y2003 14 Y2004 5 Sheet2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Years Sheet3 URDIP Chart3 CSIR Sheet2 Y1997 1 Y1998 3 Y1999 3 Y2000 8 Y2001 8 Y2002 2 Y2003 8 Y2004 3 Sheet2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Years Year-wise Patent activity of Plant-based anti first pass effect compounds Sheet3 CSIR 15 URDIP How the technology of using Bioenhancers conceptualised by RRL-Jammu for increasing the bioavailability and reducing dose of Anti-TB/Leprosy drugs, was taken up by Sabinsa, Cadila & Panaceae Biotech. How technology moved from its application to Anti-TB/Leprosy drugs in 1993 to its application to NSAIDS, Nutritional compounds and others wider range of drugs than claimed by RRL-Jammu. URDIP COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES – CAUSED PRIMARILY BY ELEVATED BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS ADEQUATE MONITORING AND CONTROL OF BLOOD GLUCOSE IS ESSENTIAL GLUCOSE MONITORING IS A FACT OF EVERYDAY LIFE FOR DIABETIC INDIVIUALS URDIP Divided Product into technology categories Analyzed Patents in each category Summarized Technological Progress URDIP Patent data in this area can be classified into the following technological categories Patents focusing on novel glucose analysis methods Patents emphasizing upon innovative sampling techniques Patents focusing upon completely non-invasive means of glucose measurements. URDIP CATEGORY OF GLUCOSE ANALYSIS Earliest patent- Glucose indicator formulations -MILES(1980) Test strips based on above formulations – convenient as compared to the above- MILES (1981) Reflectance apparatus for glucose measurement –MILES (1986) Patient-operated glucose monitor based on reflectance photometer-HEALTHWARE CORPORATION (1988) Multi-layered Diagnostic test strip-HOME DIAGNOSTICS (1994) Visual blood glucose concentration test strip with a separation matrix LIFESCAN (1994) URDIP Device using non-radiative fluorescence resonance energy transfer SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES, INC (1994) Novel medication infusion device like a pump with a sensor or meter for reading blood glucose MINIMED INC (1997) Device with a disposable electrochemical sensors. BAYER (1996) ,DISETRONIC LICENSING AG (1997)and THERASENSE (2000) Embossed test strip system –AMIRA MEDICAL (2000) URDIP Compact disposable blood sampling unit comprising a lancet MEDSCAN (1987), LIFESCAN (1990),HP(1999) and AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES INC (2000) Disruption of the outermost layer of skin using an oscillation concentrator ABBOTT LABORATORIES (1999) Body fluid sampling device, using an elastically deformable force-transmitting element to cause a skin incision-AMIRA MEDICAL (2000) Usage of microporation or electroporation strategy for withdrawing samples for analysis of blood glucose or the usage of tightly focussed beam of sonic energy or hydraulic pressure for puncturing the stratum corneum. SPECTRX (2000) URDIP Usage of permeation enhancer THERATECH INC (1992) Innovative non-invasive blood glucose measurement technique using photoacoustics TRW (1999) Electromagnetic radiation/ excitation laser beam – application of Raman spectra LIGHTTOUCH MEDICAL INC(2000 ) CIT AND CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL LOS ANGELES (2001) URDIP Provides competitive edge while designing the product itself In this case – products likely to dominate market would be the ones that are user friendly, absolutely non-invasive, based on optical measurement strategies like IR & that which could provide blood levels continuously for tight control of Diabetes mellitus URDIP Patent Analysis done – each step of the transformation process analysed Possibility of infringement analysed Freedom to Operate studied URDIP Patents searched for the processes for production of transgenic plants that express novel synthetically-modified Bt chimeric crystal proteins. These transgenic plants have improved insecticidal activity In all patents analysed so far, the basic transformation process is similar. Vector comprising a promoter, the nucleic acid segment and a transcription termination sequence is used for transformation eg plasmid The novelty in the patents is basically on the gene sequence that codes for the delta endotoxin. The patents give the complete transformation process, from synthesizing the gene to production of transgenic plant. URDIP All the varied steps of the transformation process followed by NBRI were compared with that of the existing insect-resistant patents (majority from Monsanto) Intention – Confirm the non-infringing nature of the research product Thus – guarantying freedom to operate in a closely held technology space URDIP WITHANIA SOMNIFERA (Ashwagandha) URDIP
Withania produces withanolides through its metabolic pathway
Mevalonate pathway Isopentyl diphosphate Sterol compounds and enzymes Sheet2 Sheet3 URDIP E.I.Du Pont de Nemours and Co. has the maximum number of patents. Methods to increase the sterol accumulation in plants are maximum. Considerable work on squalene synthase gene. No patents on : 4-Coumaryl Coa, Flavanone-3-hydroxylase, Flavonoid-3’-hydroxylase, 3’-Hydroxy dihydroflavonol, Flavan-3-ols There is a scope for generating Intellectual property in this field Analysis can be used for research planning URDIP URDIP Inorganic color pigments containing cadmium, chromium or lead has been used as a colorant all over world. But many of these pigments are hazardous for environment as well as for health. So color pigments containing rare earth elements are searched as a alternative to such hazardous inorganic pigments. URDIP RED C.I. Red 113 Rare Earth Sulfides Bismuth Containing compounds of Rare Earth Elements. Depending Upon which Rare earth element is used it gives yellow, orange, red-toned, green colors. Oxonitrides of the formula LnTaON2 where Ln represents Rare Earth Elements Yttrium and/or Rare earths aluminates 5) Stable heavy metal free zircon pigments URDIP ORANGE nitrate) ChromatexPbCrO4.yPbO or pigments 1) Stable heavy metal free zircon pigments . It gives a variety of yellows, reds, oranges, corals and blues. 2) Bismuth Containing compounds of Rare Earth Elements. Depending Upon which Rare earth element is used it gives yellow, orange, red-toned, green colors. 3) Zirconium oxide and cerium, praseodymium and/or terbium values. Yellow-Orange Color. 4) Oxonitrides of the formula LnTaON2 where Ln represents Rare Earth Elements. Yellow-Orange to Reddish-Brown Colors URDIP YELLOW (BaK2 (CrO4)2) C.I. Yellow 44 Eco-friendly Rare earth pigments 1) Stable heavy metal free zircon pigments. It gives a variety of yellows, reds, oranges, corals and blues. 2) Bismuth Containing compounds of Rare Earth Elements. Depending Upon which Rare earth element is used it gives yellow, orange, red-toned, green colors. 3) Zirconium oxide and cerium, praseodymium and/or terbium values Yellow-Orange Color. 4) Oxonitrides of the formula LnTaON2 where Ln represents Rare Earth Elements. Yellow-Orange to Reddish-Brown Colors 5) Composition based on samarium sesquisulphide Strong Yellow Color 6) Rare Earth Doped zirconium mixed silicate pigment 7) Yttrium and/or Rare earths aluminates. Red to Yellow Color URDIP GREEN pigments 1) Sulfide and oxysulphide () Depending on the layer thickness of the sulfide or oxysulfide interference colors from silver via gold, red, violet and blue through to green. 2) Solid solutions having a corundum-hematite crystalline structure doped with lanthanum or neodymium camouflage pigment 3) Praseodymium containing ceramic pigments. Greenish-yellow color tone 4) Alkali earth aluminate silicate photoluminescent pigment emits light in the 450-580 nm region 5) Green emitting phosphor having composition ZnS:CuAuAlM where M is Ce/ Tb/ Eu/ Sc/ La URDIP BLUE Eco-friendly Rare earth pigments 1) Alkali earth aluminate silicate photoluminescent pigment. Emits light in the 450-580 nm region 2) Sulfide and oxysulphide pigments cerium (Ce) rare earth dopant 5) Long-persistence blue phosphors URDIP URDIP CONCLUSION SEARCH AND ANALYSIS OF PATENTS DRIVES RESEARCH STRATEGY AND SUPPORTS INNOVATION MANAGEMENT IN ADDITION TO MARKET RSEARCH, PATENT RESEARCH IS A MUST FOR NEW PRODUCT PLANNING AND R & D INVESTMENT EVALUATION INTEGRATING ACTIVITIES FOR PATENT SEARCH AND ANALYSIS IN TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY FORMULATION LEADS TO HIGHER PROBABILITY OF SUCCESS IN NEW TECHNOLOGY VENTURES URDIP URDIP URDIP URDIP IPC: G06F ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING (computers in which a part of the computation is effected hydraulically or pneumatically , optically ; computer systems based on specific computational models ; impedance networks using digital techniques) URDIP Top 10 Assignees Working in the Area of G06Q (2006-2010) URDIP Top 10 Assignees Working in the Area of G06F (2006-2010) URDIP 1 CSIR 572 4 HINDUSTAN UNILEVER LIMITED 160 5 BASF AKTIENGESELLSC HAFT 127 6 SAMSUNG ELECTRONIC CO. LTD. 115 7 TELEFONAK TIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON 85 8 NOVARTIS AG 83 0 5 10 15 20 Pulmonary Insulin Research FormulationsInhalersPowder filling techniques Pulmonary Insulin formulations 43 14 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Plant-based anti first pass effect compounds 0123456