PATCHARA WUTHICHAT 5210755749

SITTHIPONG KHUNTHONG5310755433

Name: Gold Symbol: Au Atomic Number: 79 Atomic Mass: 196.96655 amu Melting Point: 1064.43°C(1337.5801 K, 1947.9741 °F) Boiling Point: 2807.0 °C (3080.15 K, 5084.6 °F) Number of Protons/Electrons: 79 Number of Neutrons: 118 Classification: Transition MetalCrystal Structure: Cubic Density @ 293 K: 19.32 g/cm3 Color: Gold

BASIC INFORMATION

Number of Energy Levels: 6

-First Energy Level: 2 -Second Energy Level: 8 -Third Energy Level: 18 -Fourth Energy Level: 32 -Fifth Energy Level: 18 -Sixth Energy Level: 1

ATOMIC STRUCTURE

Gold native nuggets Rope gold

Crystalline Gold Gold leaf

GALLERY OF SPECIMENS OF CRYSTALLINE NATIVE GOLD

GOLD IS A CHEMICAL ELEMENT WITH THE SYMBOL AU (FROM LATIN: AURUM "GOLD") AND AN ATOMIC NUMBER OF 79. GOLD IS A DENSE, SOFT, SHINY METAL AND THE MOST MALLEABLE AND DUCTILE METAL KNOWN. PURE GOLD HAS A BRIGHT YELLOW COLOR AND LUSTER TRADITIONALLY CONSIDERED ATTRACTIVE, WHICH IT MAINTAINS WITHOUT OXIDIZING IN AIR OR WATER. CHEMICALLY, GOLD IS A TRANSITION METAL AND A GROUP 11 ELEMENT. WITH EXCEPTION OF THE NOBLE GASES, GOLD IS THE LEAST REACTIVE CHEMICAL ELEMENT KNOWN. IT HAS BEEN A VALUABLE AND HIGHLY SOUGHT-AFTER PRECIOUS METAL FOR COINAGE, JEWELRY, AND OTHER ARTS SINCE LONG BEFORE THE BEGINNING OF RECORDED HISTORY.

1 Monetary exchange2 Investment3 Medicine 4 Jewelry5 Food and drink6 Industry7 Electronics8 Commercial chemistry

USE APPLICATIONS AND ADVANTAGE

MONETARY EXCHANGEGOLD HAS BEEN WIDELY USED

THROUGHOUT THE WORLD AS A VEHICLE FOR MONETARY EXCHANGE, EITHER BY ISSUANCE AND RECOGNITION OF GOLD COINSOR OTHER BARE METAL QUANTITIES, OR THROUGH GOLD-CONVERTIBLE PAPER INSTRUMENTS BY ESTABLISHING GOLD STANDARDS IN WHICH THE TOTAL VALUE OF ISSUED MONEY IS REPRESENTED IN A STORE OF GOLD RESERVES.

INVESTMENTGOLD AS AN INVESTMENT MANY HOLDERS

OF GOLD STORE IT IN FORM OF BULLION COINS OR BARS AS A HEDGE AGAINST INFLATION OR OTHER ECONOMIC DISRUPTIONS.

HOWEVER, SOME ECONOMISTS DO NOT BELIEVE GOLD SERVES AS A HEDGE AGAINST INFLATION OR CURRENCY DEPRECIATION.

MEDICINEIN MEDIEVAL TIMES, GOLD WAS OFTEN

SEEN AS BENEFICIAL FOR THE HEALTH, IN THE BELIEF THAT SOMETHING THAT RARE AND BEAUTIFUL COULD NOT BE ANYTHING BUT HEALTHY.

EVEN SOME MODERN ESOTERICISTS AND FORMS OF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE ASSIGN METALLIC GOLD A HEALING POWER.

JEWELRY

MOCHE GOLD NECKLACE DEPICTING FELINE HEADS. LARCOMUSEUM COLLECTION. LIMA-PERU

BECAUSE OF THE SOFTNESS OF PURE (24K) GOLD, IT IS USUALLY ALLOYED WITH BASE METALS FOR USE IN JEWELRY, ALTERING ITS HARDNESS AND DUCTILITY, MELTING POINT, COLOR AND OTHER PROPERTIES.

FOOD AND DRINKGOLD LEAF, FLAKE OR DUST IS USED ON

AND IN SOME GOURMET FOODS, NOTABLY SWEETS AND DRINKS AS DECORATIVE INGREDIENT. GOLD FLAKE WAS USED BY THE NOBILITY IN MEDIEVAL EUROPE AS A DECORATION IN FOOD AND DRINKS, IN THE FORM OF LEAF, FLAKES OR DUST, EITHER TO DEMONSTRATE THE HOST'S WEALTH OR IN THE BELIEF THAT SOMETHING THAT VALUABLE AND RARE MUST BE BENEFICIAL FOR ONE'S HEALTH

ELECTRONICSTHE CONCENTRATION OF FREE ELECTRONS IN GOLD METAL IS 5.90×10 22 CM−3. GOLD IS

HIGHLY CONDUCTIVE TO ELECTRICITY, AND HAS BEEN USED FOR ELECTRICAL WIRING IN SOME HIGH-ENERGY APPLICATIONS (ONLY SILVER AND COPPER ARE MORE CONDUCTIVE PER VOLUME, BUT GOLD HAS THE ADVANTAGE OF CORROSION RESISTANCE).

FOR EXAMPLE, GOLD ELECTRICAL WIRES WERE USED DURING SOME OF THE MANHATTAN PROJECT'S ATOMIC EXPERIMENTS, BUT LARGE HIGH CURRENT SILVER WIRES WERE USED IN THE CALUTRON ISOTOPE SEPARATOR MAGNETS IN THE PROJECT.

COMMERCIAL CHEMISTRYGOLD IS ATTACKED BY AND DISSOLVES

IN ALKALINE SOLUTIONS OF POTASSIUM OR SODIUM CYANIDE, TO FORM THE SALT GOLD CYANIDE—A TECHNIQUE THAT HAS BEEN USED IN EXTRACTING METALLIC GOLD FROM ORES IN THE CYANIDE PROCESS.

GOLD CYANIDE IS THE ELECTROLYTE USED IN COMMERCIAL ELECTROPLATING OF GOLD ONTO BASE METALS AND ELECTROFORMING.

1.^ a b World Gold Council FAQ

2.^ Soos, Andy (2011-01-06). "Gold Mining Boom Increasing Mercury Pollution Risk". Advanced Media Solutions, Inc. (Oilprice.com). Retrieved 2011-03-26.

3.^ "Gold: causes of color". Retrieved 2009-06-06.

4.^ Mallan, Lloyd (1971). Suiting up for space: the evolution of the space suit. John Day Co. p. 216. ISBN 978-0381981501.

5.^ a b "Gold Jewellery Alloys > Utilise Gold. Scientific, industrial and medical applications, products, suppliers from the World Gold Council". Utilisegold.com. 2000-01-20. Retrieved 2009-04-05.

REFERENCES