Parasitic Diseases of the Fish 1

7/24/2019 Parasitic Diseases of the Fish 1

1/21

PARASITICPARASITIC

DISEASES OF THEDISEASES OF THE

FISHFISHProtozoan parasitesProtozoan parasites


2/21

Regnum:Regnum: AnimaliaAnimalia Subregnum:Subregnum: ProtozoaProtozoa

Phylum:Phylum: Mastigophora (fagellates)Mastigophora (fagellates) Oodinium ,Cryptobia ,Trypanosoma ,Oodinium ,Cryptobia ,Trypanosoma , TrypanoplasmaTrypanoplasma

,Ichthyobodo,Hexamita,Ichthyobodo,Hexamita

Phylum:Phylum: Apiomple!a (apiomple!ans)Apiomple!a (apiomple!ans) CoccidiaCoccidia Phylum:Phylum: Mirospora (mirospori"ia)Mirospora (mirospori"ia) Pleistophora ,GlugeaPleistophora ,Glugea

Phylum:Phylum: M#!ozoa (m#!ospori"ia)M#!ozoa (m#!ospori"ia) Myxobolus ,HenneguyaMyxobolus ,Henneguya Phylum:Phylum: Ciliophora (iliates)Ciliophora (iliates) ChilodonellaChilodonella

,Ichthyophthirius,Trichodina,Ichthyophthirius,Trichodina


3/21

Oo"iniosis pisi$mOo"iniosis

pisi$m%%

Oo"iniosis o& FishOo"iniosis o& Fish (velvet, gold(velvet, gold

dust, pillularis disease)dust, pillularis disease) Oodinium (Piscinoodinium) pillulareOodinium (Piscinoodinium) pillulare not specifc ectoparasite o skin, fns,not specifc ectoparasite o skin, fns,

gils, pyriorm shapegils, pyriorm shape


4/21

'i&e #le'i&e #letrophont ! tomont !trophont ! tomont !

divides to "# $%" motile, inectivedivides to "# $%" motile, inective

dinospores &$'!'days&dinospores &$'!'days&

S#mptoms:discomort,emaciation,su*ocation,

golden or velvet coating on theskin,smal yello+ish granules on thebody surace,rayed andolding fns


5/21

Tr#panosomoses etTr

#panosomoses et

Tr#panoplasmosesTr

#panoplasmosespisi$m

pisi$m%%

Tr#panosomoses an"Tr#panosomoses an"Tr#panoplasmoses o& FishTr#panoplasmoses o& Fish

(sleeping sikness, blood(sleeping sikness, blood

parasites )parasites ) order:order:inetoplastidainetoplastida

genus:genus:Trypanosoma ,Trypanosoma ,

TrypanoplasmaTrypanoplasma

vector fsh leechvector fsh leech (Piscicola(Piscicola

geometra , Hemiclepsis marginata )geometra , Hemiclepsis marginata )


6/21

ie cycle oie cycle o TrypanoplasmaTrypanoplasma

sp!sp!in carp and vector leechin carp and vector leech

(Piscicola geometra)(Piscicola geometra)

Trypanosoma carassiiTrypanosoma carassii

Trypanoplasmaborelli

S#mptoms pale skin and gils ,anemia,splenomegalia , slo+ breathing, littlemovement , anore-ia ,


7/21

Trypanoplasma (Cryptobia)salmositica


8/21

Ihth#oo"osis pisi$mIhth#oo"osis pisi$m%%

Ihth#oo"osis o& FishIhth#oo"osis o& Fish

Ichthyobodo necator (CostiaIchthyobodo necator (Costia

necatrix)necatrix)

not specifc ectoparasite o skin , fnsnot specifc ectoparasite o skin , fnsand gillsand gills

reproduction simple longitudinalreproduction simple longitudinal

divisiondivisiona* +entral +ie,

* si"e +ie,

* #st

"* s-in atta-e" # Ihth#oo"oneator


9/21

S#mptomsS#mptoms disturbance , pale bluish or +hitish coating on thedisturbance , pale bluish or +hitish coating on the

skin , pale reddish spots , rayed fns , rolling movements ,skin , pale reddish spots , rayed fns , rolling movements ,

su*ocationsu*ocation


10/21

He!amitosis pisi$mHe!amitosis pisi$m%%

He!amitosis o& FishHe!amitosis o& Fish

Hexamita (Octomitus) salmonisHexamita (Octomitus) salmonis

endoparasite o salmonids andendoparasite o salmonids and

a.uarium fsha.uarium fsh attack stomach, intestine, gallattack stomach, intestine, gall

bladderbladder

reproduction simple cell divisionreproduction simple cell divisionS#mptomsstopeeding ,dark colour,emaciation ,ascites ,in/ammation o

intestine (enteritis),pale stringy aeces,


11/21

Mirosporeoses pisi$mMirosporeoses pisi$m%%

Mirosporeoses o& FishMirosporeoses o& Fish

ph#ll$mph#ll$mMicrosporaMicrospora or"eror"erMicrosporidiaMicrosporidia

intracellular, cell and host specifcintracellular, cell and host specifc

parasitesparasites

direct lie cycledirect lie cycle

gen$sgen$sGlugea ,PleistophoraGlugea ,Pleistophora

,Thelohania ,"oma ,#praguea ,,Thelohania ,"oma ,#praguea ,

Tetramicra ,HeterosporisTetramicra ,Heterosporis

spore str$t$reo& mirospori"i

stages o& germination inmirospori"ia


12/21

Pleistophora hyphessobryconis $Pleistophora hyphessobryconis $pleistophorosispleistophorosis neon tetra neon tetra

diseasedisease

S#mptoms ocal color loss,+hite spots under skin,emaciation ,clinical signs or $

# +eeks


13/21

M#!osporeoses pisi$mM#!osporeoses pisi$m%%

M#!osporeoses o& FishM#!osporeoses o& Fish

ph#ll$mph#ll$mMyxo%oa lassMyxosporea (#" genus ,$'' species) inect invertebrates and poikilothermic vertebrates

(mostly fsh) parasites o tissues and organ cavities (gall ,s+im or

urinary bladder), inecting only one species or closelyrelated group (host specifc)

gen$sMyxidium, Myxobolus (Myxosoma),Chloromyxum , &scho''ella,

#phaerospora,Hoerellus,Thelohanellus, Henneguya,Ceratomyxa ,udoa

s#mptoms +hite or yello+ish,variously sized nodules(pseudocyst),clinical symptoms depend on the organsystem a*ected


14/21

spores o& important m#!ozoan parasites

generalize" li&e #le o& m#!ozoan p


15/21

Myxobolus cerebralis (MyxosomaMyxobolus cerebralis (Myxosoma

,"entospora) $,"entospora) $ my-obolosismy-obolosis

salmonidarumsalmonidarum my-obolosis o my-obolosis osalmonidssalmonids +hirling disease black +hirling disease black

tailtail

!serious pathogen o salmonid ry, not olderthan " months, +orld+ide, attack anddamage cartilage

Triactinomyxon stage inside the +orms#mptomsblack tail,skeletal deormities,+hirling, cache-ia,heavy losses


16/21

"oma salmonae $epitelial hyperplasia ogill flaments

Myxobolus sp! cyst in the skin a

Henneguya %scho''ei (salminicola)pseudocyst

cyst +ith milky /uid(O!gorbuscha)


17/21

Chilo"onellosis pisi$mChilo"onellosis pisi$m%%

Chilo"onellosis o& FishChilo"onellosis o& Fish

Chilodonella piscicola (cyprini)Chilodonella piscicola (cyprini),Chilodonella hexasticha,Chilodonella hexasticha

ectoparasite o skin, fns, gills, allectoparasite o skin, fns, gills, all

resh+ater fsh, mainly fngerlings, +ideresh+ater fsh, mainly fngerlings, +ide

temperature tolerancetemperature tolerancea!b:a!b: Chilodonella piscicolaChilodonella piscicolac !upper!c !upper!Ch!piscicolaCh!piscicola

!lover!!lover!Ch!hexastichaCh!hexasticha

d d Ch!hexastichaCh!hexasticha

s#mptomss#mptomshypersecrhypersecr

etion oetion o

mucus,+hitish ormucus,+hitish or

bluish sheen onbluish sheen on

body,gill necrosis,body,gill necrosis,

su*ocation ! asphy-iasu*ocation ! asphy-ia


18/21

Ihth#ophthiriosis pisi$m %Ihth#ophthiriosis pisi$m %

Ihth#ophthiriosis o& FishIhth#ophthiriosis o& Fish

(+hite spot disease , 0ch)(+hite spot disease , 0ch) Ichthyophthirius multiliisIchthyophthirius multiliis most common, ectoparasite o allmost common, ectoparasite o all

reshvater fsh, attack skin, fns, gills,reshvater fsh, attack skin, fns, gills,

serious disease, mortality up to ''1serious disease, mortality up to ''1!optimal temperature % $%!complete lie cycle 2!" days

' days a


19/21

s#mptons +hite or greyish nodules up t

on the skin and fns,gill and fns destructisu*ocation


20/21

Triho"inoses pisi$mTriho"inoses pisi$m%%

Triho"inoses o& FishTriho"inoses o& Fish gen$sgen$sTrichodina ,TrichodinellaTrichodina ,Trichodinella

,Tripartiella,Tripartiella

most common, +orld!+ide ectoparasitesmost common, +orld!+ide ectoparasites

o resh+ater and marine fsheso resh+ater and marine fshes


21/21

s#mptoms:greyish!blue coat ,rayed

fns,erosion o the epithelium ,su*ocation

Documents

Parasitic Diseases of the Fish 1