Paper Pest and Disease_Dickdoyo Langgeng

8/19/2019 Paper Pest and Disease_Dickdoyo Langgeng

1/18

Dickdoyo Langgeng Waskito

PEST AND DISEASE OF CHILI AND TOMATO

No Name CropsSymptoms

SolutionDescription Example

Pests

1 Mites

Injects a toxin as it

eeds t!at inc"eases

t!e da#age ca$sed%

T!e initia& indication

o inestation is

si&'e"ing o t!e

&o(e" &ea'es) (!ic!

*eco#e *"on+e

co&o$"ed *eo"e

d"o,,ing o%

Da#age #o'es $,

t!e ,&ant% To#ato

ste#s &ose t!ei"

s$"ace !ai"s and

*eco#e s!iny)

s#oot! and *"o(n%

F"$it #ay *e #o"e

s$sce,ti*&e to

s$nsca&d d$e to &oss

o o&iage

-se (ind*"eaks

and #ini#ise d$st.

c"eating acti'ities

/inestations a"e

a'o$"ed *y d$sty

conditions 0e%g%adjacent to di"t

"oads o" t"acks in

ie&ds%

2ed$ce !$#idity

*y $sing ade3$ate

,&ant s,acing)

o"ientating

,&antings to t!e

,"e'ai&ing (indand #aintain

a,,"o,"iate

(ate"ing ,"actices)

,"ee"s (a"#

0456C and !$#id

0789:8; "e&ati'e

!$#idity

conditions%

-se aca"icide (it!dose and ty,e

co""ect&y

Aculops

lycopersici To#ato

Polyphagotars

onemus latusC!i&i

4 T!"i,s Feeding da#age

a,,ea"s as si&'e"ing

and &ecking on t!e

&ea'es o seed&ings%

Manage (eeds in

and a"o$nd c"o, to

"ed$ce a&te"nati'e

t!"i,s *"eeding

Frankliniella

occidentalis

To#ato

Scirtothrips C!i&i


2/18

dorsalisHea'i&y inested

,&ants a"e

c!a"acte"ised *y a

si&'e"ed o" *"on+ed

a,,ea"ance o t!e

&ea'es) st$nted

&ea'es and te"#ina&

s!oots) and sca""ed

and deo"#ed "$it%

a"eas%

-se t!"i,s

exc&$sion

sc"eening in

seed&ing n$"se"ies

o" o" ,"otecti'e

c"o,,ing

st"$ct$"es%

Monito" t!"i,s

n$#*e"s (it!

ye&&o( o" *&$e

sticky t"a,s) o" *y

ta,,ing &o(e"s

o'e" (!ite ,a,e"

o" a t"ay%< A,!id To#ato and

C!i&i

La"ge ,o,$&ations in

a seed&ing c"o, can

ca$se &ea'es to c$"&

and &ea'es o"

g"o(ing ti,s to die

,"e#at$"e&y% In o&de"

c"o,s) yie&d #ay *e

"ed$ced% A,!ids

&ea'e a sticky

s$*stance ca&&ed

!oneyde( on t!e

&ea'es and g"o(ing

ti,s t!at can ,"o#ote

Note t!at

*eneicia& insects

can $s$a&&y kee,

,o,$&ations $nde"

cont"o& $n&ess t!ey

a"e s,"ayed o$t

(it! *"oad.

s,ect"$#

insecticides%

Note t!at in #oist

conditions) insect.

attacking $ngi can

Aphids gossypii

Myzus

persicae


3/18

t!e g"o(t! o sooty

#o$&d and "ed$ce

,&ant 'igo$"% A,!ids

can a&so t"ans#it

da#aging ,&ant

'i"$ses (!en t!ey

eed%

3$ick&y "ed$ce

a,!id ,o,$&ations%

-se insecticides i

a,!ids a"e ca$sing

signiicant da#age

o" i t!e"e is a !ig!

incidence o a,!id.

'ecto"ed 'i"$s

,"esent% W!e"e= Lea!o,,e"

To#ato and

C!i&i

A&& stages s$ck sa,%

Da#age a,,ea"s

si#i&a" to t!at ca$sed

*y t!"i,s and #ites%

Feed on $nde"side o

&ea) ca$sing &ea

disto"tion andst$nting o ne(

g"o(t!% >&acks,ots

o exc"e#ent a"e

oten &et *e!ind%

Hea'i&y inested

,&ants can *eco#e

st$nted and g"ey%

F"$it #ay *e

attacked) "es$&ting in

aint (!itis! s,ots%

Not co##on&y a

,"o*&e#% -se

insecticides i ,est

n$#*e"s *eco#e

!ig! o"

,!yto,&as#a

disease is ,"esent)

*$t t!is #ay ca$se

,o,$&ation &a"es

in #ites) t!"i,s o"

(!ite&ies

Orosius

orientalis

5 W!ite&ies To#ato and

C!i&i

S$ck sa, "o# t!e

,&ants% Hea'y

inestations can

"es$&t in ,oo"

g"o(t!) &ea

ye&&o(ing and &oss

o ,&ant 'igo$"%

Honeyde( is

,"od$ced t!atenco$"ages sooty

I (!ite&y a"e a

#ajo" ,est) t!e

a"ea #$st not

contain (!ite&y

!ost c"o,s o"

(eeds o" at &east 4

#ont!s eac! yea")

ot!e"(ise

,o,$&ations *eco#e too !ig! to

Bemisia tabaci


4/18

#o$&d g"o(t!)

(!ic! $"t!e"

"ed$ces ,&ant 'igo$"%

#anage

eecti'e&y%

-se (!ite&y

exc&$sion

sc"eening in

seed&ing n$"se"ies

o" o" ,"otecti'e

c"o,,ing

st"$ct$"es%

Monito" (!ite&y

n$#*e"s (it!

ye&&o( o" *&$e

sticky t"a,s) o"

'is$a&&y on

$nde"sides o

&ea'es%

Cont"o& (!ite&ies? Mea&y*$gs Inested ,&ants

*eco#e st$nted% On

to#atoes) #ea&y*$gs

ca$se deo"#ation

and disto"tion o t!e

te"#ina& g"o(t!)

t(isting and c$"&ing

o ste#s and &ea'es)

Dest"oy inested

,&ants *y *$"ning

o" *$"ying to

,"e'ent

inestations

s,"eading%

S,"ay (ate" (it! a

Paracoccus

marginatusC!i&i

Phenacoccuss

olenopsis

To#ato


5/18

and &ea ("ink&ing

and ,$cke"ing% In

se'e"e o$t*"eaks)

inested sites ye&&o(

and die 0inc&$ding

t!e &oss o &o(e"

*$ds) &o(e"s and

i##at$"e "$it%

>&ack sooty #o$&d

g"o(s on t!e &a"ge

a#o$nts o

!ig!.,"ess$"e !ose

to !e&, ki&& t!e

c"a(&e"s and

dis&odge t!e

ad$&ts%

-se o syste#ic

insecticides is

eecti'e *$t not

$s$a&&y needed%

@ F"$it &y

To#ato and

C!i&i

Egg.&aying sites in

#at$"ing and "i,e

"$it and s$*se3$ent

&a"'a& eeding on

"$it tiss$e

enco$"ages "$it.

"otting o"ganis#s

Monito" "$it &y

,o,$&ations (it!

,!e"o#one 0#a&e

and ,"otein *ait

0e#a&e t"a,s%

-se *aited

insecticide s,"ays

on t"$nks o"

s$""o$nding

'egetation to

"ed$ce !ig!

,o,$&ations

2e#o'e

$n!a"'ested

#at$"e "$it and

dest"oy c"o,s as

soon ate" !a"'est

as ,ossi*&e%

Manage "$it &y in

ot!e" nea"*y !osts%

Bactrocera

dorsalis

7 A"#y(o"# To#ato and

C!i&i

o$ng &a"'ae eed in

g"o$,s) ske&etonising

t!e &ea'es% O&de"

Monito" #ot!

acti'ity $sing &ig!t

and ,!e"o#oneSpodoptera

exigua


6/18

&a"'ae a"e so&ita"y

and eat &o(e"s)

&ea'es and g"o(ing

,oints o ,&ants%

t"a,s%

Bis$a&&y #onito"

&ea'es o" egg

#asses) &a"'ae)

*eneicia& acti'ity

and eeding

da#age%

-se o&ia" andsyste#ic

insecticides i

necessa"y to

cont"o& se'e"e

inestations) and

ti#e a,,&ications

Spodopteralitura

: C$t(o"# To#ato and

C!i&i

O&de" cate",i&&a"s c$t

seed&ings o at

g"o$nd &e'e&)

ca$sing t!e ,&ant to

a&& o'e" and die%

A'oid inestations

(it! &ong a&&o(s

*eo"e ,&anting%

Bis$a&&y #onito"

ne( seed&ings o"

egg #asses and

eeding da#age%

I seed&ings a"e

attacked) dig in

nea"*y soi& to ind

&a"'ae%

I insecticides a"e

Agrotis ipsilon


7/18

"e3$i"ed) s,"ay at

nig!t (!en t!e

&a"'ae a"e #o"e

acti'e% W!e"e

,ossi*&e) c!oose

se&ecti'e

c!e#ist"ies s$c! as Bacillus

thuringiensis 0>t18 F"$it (o"# To#ato and

C!i&i

He&iot!is &a"'ae can

c!e( on o&iage o"

"$it% T!ey can

deo&iate and ki&&

,&ants at t!e seed&ing

stage% T!e &a"'ae can

c!e( !o&es in "$it)

ca$sing *&e#is!es

and c"eating ent"y

!o&es o" disease and

"ots

Monito" #ot!

acti'ity $sing &ig!t

and ,!e"o#one

t"a,s%

Bis$a&&y #onito"

&ea'es o" eggs)

&a"'ae) *eneicia&

acti'ity and

eeding da#age%

-se o&ia" and

syste#ic

insecticides i

necessa"y to

cont"o& se'e"e

inestations) and

ti#e a,,&ications

o" egg !atc! and

i"st.insta" &a"'ae%

W!e"e ,ossi*&e)

c!oose se&ecti'e

c!e#ist"ies s$c! as

Bacillus

thuringiensis 0>t

o" t!e

Helicoverpaspecii

c nuclear

polyhedrosis virus

Helicoverpa

armigera


8/18

0NPB to #ini#ise

!a"# to

&e,ido,te"an and

ot!e" ,est

,"edato"s%

In s#a&& ,&antings) ,!ysica&&y "e#o'e

eggs and &a"'ae%11 Lea#ine"

To#ato and

C!i&i

Hea'y inestations

ca$se &ea'es to d"y

o$t and d"o,%

"o( seed&ings in

a (e&&.netted

n$"se"y to a'oid

ea"&y inestation%

2e#o'e

a&te"nati'e !ost

(eeds in and

a"o$nd c"o,%

2e#o'e o" dest"oy

c"o,s i##ediate&y

ate" !a"'est to

"ed$ce ,o,$&ation

inc"ease%

!iriomyza

huidobrensis

!iriomyza

sativae

Disease

14 >acte"ia&

canke"

To#ato Inected seed&ings

#ay *e ki&&ed)

st$nted o"

#a&o"#ed) o" #ay

s!o( no signs $nti&

t!ey a"et"ans,&anted% In

Cont"o&&ing

te#,e"at$"e and

!$#idity%

-sing *acte"icide%

Ste"i&i+ation on

"lavibacter

michiganensis

s$*s,%

michiganensis


9/18

&a"ge" ,&ants) initia&

signs a"e sco"c!ed o"

i"ing #a"kings on

&ea&ets and (i&ting

o &o(e" &ea'es% Asinection ad'ances

t!"o$g! t!e 'asc$&a"

syste#) (i&ting

,"og"esses $nti& t!e

(!o&e ,&ant

co&&a,ses% Oten on&y

t!e &ea&ets on one

side o t!e &ea a"e

aected% T!ey t$"n

ye&&o() t!en *"o(n)and die% Pa"ts o t!e

,it! #ay co&&a,se

and *eco#e !o&&o(%

Inte"na& *"o(ning o

'asc$&a" tiss$e and

,it! ca'ities can *e

seed and soi&

*eo"e ,&anting

1< >acte"ia& sot

"ot

To#ato and

C!i&i

Initia& signs in

ca,sic$# &ea'es

s!o( da"kened 'eins

o&&o(ed *y &ea

c!&o"osis and

Cont"o&&ing

te#,e"at$"e and

!$#idity%

-sing *acte"icide%

Pectobacteriu

m

carotovorum


10/18

s$*s,%

carotovorum

nec"osis% T!e ,it!

and 'asc$&a" syste#

(it!in nea"*y ste#s

#ay s!o( da"k.

*"o(n disco&o"ation%

As t!e disease

,"og"esses) d"y)

da"k.*"o(n o" *&ack

ste# canke"s

de'e&o,) oten

"es$&ting in t!e

*"eakage o

*"anc!es% >acte"ia&

oo+e #ay *e e'ident

"o# diseased

tiss$es) *$t t!is is

not a&(ays t!e case%

T!e aected ,&ants

(i&t and die% T!e

&es!y "$it ,ed$nc&e

is !ig!&y s$sce,ti*&e

and #ost oten is t!e

,oint o inection%

>ot! "i,e and g"een

"$it #ay *e

aected% Initia&&y) t!e

&esionson t!e "$it

a"e &ig!t.to.da"k

co&o$"ed (it! a

(ate".soaked

a,,ea"ance) and

so#e(!at s$nken%

T!e aected a"eas

ex,and 'e"y "a,id&y)

,a"tic$&a"&y $nde"

(a"# 0459


11/18

&ike sot) (ate".i&&ed

*ags and can gi'e1= >acte"ia& s,eck

To#ato and

C!i&i

Tiny) da"k s,ots

de'e&o, on aected

&ea'es) extend

t!"o$g! t!e tiss$e

and) i n$#e"o$s)

ca$se ye&&o(ing o

t!e s$""o$nding &ea

a"eas% Ste# signs

occ$" as *"o(n o"

*&ack &esions%

Aected "$it !a'e

#any s#a&&) *&ack)

s&ig!t&y "aised s,ots

&ess t!an 4 ## in

dia#ete"% T!e s,ots

do not extend dee,&y

into t!e "$it%

Cont"o&&ing

te#,e"at$"e and

!$#idity%

-sing *acte"icide%

Ste"i&i+ation on

seed and soi&

*eo"e ,&anting%

Pseudomonas

syringae ,'%

tomato

15 >acte"ia& (i&t

To#ato and

C!i&i

Aected ,&ants (i&t

"a,id&y and die

(it!o$t any s,otting

o" ye&&o(ing o t!e

&ea'es% I t!e ste# o a (i&ted ,&ant is c$t

ac"oss nea" g"o$nd

&e'e&) t!e 'asc$&a"

tiss$e is da"k and

(ate".soaked) and a

g"eyis!.ye&&o()

s&i#y *acte"ia& #ass

can so#eti#es *e

,"essed o$t o it% T!e

"a,id onset o(i&ting disting$is!es

t!is disease "o#

*acte"ia& canke" and

$nga& (i&ts

Cont"o&&ing

te#,e"at$"e and

!$#idity%

-sing *acte"icide%

Ste"i&i+ation on

seed and soi&

*eo"e ,&anting%

#alstonia

solanacearum

1? >acte"ia& s,ot To#ato and

C!i&i

On &ea'es) s#a&&)

i""eg$&a" a"eas (it! a

g"assy a,,ea"ance

de'e&o, i"st% T!ese

a"eas d"y o$t ando"# s&ig!t&y "aised

Cont"o&&ing

te#,e"at$"e and

!$#idity%

-sing *acte"icide%

$anthomonas

euvesicatoria


12/18

d"y s,ots t!at a"e

g"eyis! *"o(n)

,a"tic$&a"&y at t!e

cent"e% T!e *acte"ia

oten oo+e "o#

t!ese s,ots and)

(!en d"y) o"# a

g&istening) c"ea#.

co&o$"ed i on and

a"o$nd t!e &esions%

W!e"e inection is

se'e"e) t!e d"ied.o$t

,a"ts #ay co#*ine

and ki&& &a"ge a"eas

o &ea% Ma"gina& and

ti, *$"ns on &ea'es

!a'e oten *een

noted%

On &o(e"s) (ate".

Ste"i&i+ation on

seed and soi&

*eo"e ,&anting%

1@ Late *&ig!t To#ato To#atoes #ay *e

aected at any stage

o g"o(t!% Se"io$s

&osses "o# &ate

*&ig!t $ng$s a"e

so#eti#es ca$sed in

t!e seed*ed t!"o$g!

da#,ing o% Da"k

Ens$"e t!at

so&anaceo$s (eeds

a"e (e&& cont"o&&ed

in and a"o$nd

c"o,s%

Cont"o&&ing

!$#idity%

Phytophthora

inestans


13/18

a"eas de'e&o, on t!e

ste#s at o" nea"

g"o$nd &e'e&% T!e

tiss$es in t!ese a"eas

s!"i'e& and t!e

(!o&e ,&ant &odges

and (it!e"s% Late

*&ig!t a&so ca$ses t!e

de'e&o,#ent o da"k

diseased a"eas on t!e

ste#s o o&de"

,&ants% Da"k) (ate".

soaked a"eas de'e&o,

#ain&y on t!e

#a"gins o &ea'es)

and en&a"ge "a,id&y

$nti& t!e (!o&e &ea

is aected% T!e

&ea'es #ay *&acken

and s!"i'e&) o") i t!e

(eat!e" stays !$#id)

#ay "ot a(ay% In t!e

ea"&y stages) t!e

de&icate do(ny

o$tg"o(t! o t!e

$ng$s can *e seen

next to t!e !ea&t!y

tiss$e) ,a"tic$&a"&y

on t!e $nde"side o

t!e &ea% >&ackened)

e&ongated a"eas #ay

t!en de'e&o, on t!e

&ea sta&ks%

De'e&o,ing to#ato

"$it #ay *e

aected% Da"k.g"een)

(ate".soaked a"eas

a,,ea" on t!e s$"ace

o t!e "$it and

s#a&&) do(ny

o$tg"o(t!s o t!e

$ng$s #ay de'e&o,

on aected tiss$e%

So#eti#es t!e

da#age is not

a,,a"ent $nti& t!e


14/18

"$it "eac!es #a"ket%17 Da#,ing o

To#ato and

C!i&i

T!e disease occ$"s

in t!e ie&d o"

seed*eds) (!e"e

seed&ings #ay not

e#e"ge at a&& o") i

t!ey do) #ay to,,&e

o'e" and "ot a(ay%

T!e disease can

s,"ead "a,id&y%

Ste"i&ise seed*ed

soi&%

Ti#e ,&anting to

a&&o( ,&ants to

e#e"ge "a,id&y%

Mini#i+e seed&ing

st"ess "o# excess

(ate" o" ,oo"

d"ainage%

-se c&ean (ate" onseed&ings in

seed&ing t"ays%

-se $ngicide seed

d"essings%

Pythium s,%

#hizoctonia

solani

1: F"$it "ots To#ato and

C!i&i

Signs o "$it "ots a"e

'a"io$s *$t gene"a&&y

t!e "$it *eco#es

sot) (it! o" (it!o$t

t!e a,,ea"ance o

$nga& g"o(t!% F"$it

#ay not s!o( signs

$nti& ate" !a"'est%

F"$it aected *y

ant!"acnose

0"olletotrichum

s,,% i"st s!o(

s#a&&) s&ig!t&y

s$nken)

(ate"soaked)

ci"c$&a" s,ots t!at

*eco#e da"ke" t!an

t!e s$""o$nding

tiss$e% T!ese s,ots

*eco#e de,"essed)

a"e a*o$t 14 ##

(ide and de'e&o,

concent"ic #a"kings%

W!e"e $ngi ca$se

diseases on ot!e"

,&ant ,a"ts) s$c! as

&ea'es and ste#s)

cont"o&&ing t!e

disease on t!ese

,&ant ,a"ts (i&&

"ed$ce t!e &e'e&s

o "$it inection%

F"$it inections

(i&& *e "ed$ced

(!en

G seed is t"eated

(it! !ot (ate"

*eo"e ,&anting

to "e#o'e

,otentia& o"

"olletotrichum

s,,% and

Alternaria

solani seed.

*o"ne

inections

G "$it does not

"olletotrichum

capsici #hizoctonia s,

Alternaria

solani


15/18

T!e cent"es *eco#e

tan and s!o( da"k

s,ecks) (!ic! a"e

t!e "$iting *odies o

t!e $ng$s%

#hizoctonia can

inect "$it t!at is

co#e in contact

(it! soi&

G "$it is ke,t

coo& and d"y

ate" ,icking to

"ed$ce $nga&

g"o(t!%48 #hizoctonia

ste#) "oot and

"$it "ot

To#ato and

C!i&i

Da"k.*"o(n)

so#eti#es s$nken

&esions occ$" on t!e

ste# nea" soi& &e'e&%

W!en yo$ng

seed&ings a"e

aected) it is

"ee""ed to as

da#,ing o%

2otted "oots a,,ea"

*"o(n and t!e co"tex

0o$te" tiss$e can *e

easi&y st"i,,ed o%

Aected ,&ants a"e

oten s#a&&e" t!an

!ea&t!y ones and ai&

to s$"'i'e &ong

eno$g! to #at$"e t!e

$,,e" !ands o "$it%

F"$it can *e aected

i it is to$c!ing t!e

soi&% "een "$it

dis,&ay s#a&&)

ci"c$&a" *"o(n s,ots

(it! deinite

concent"ic"ings%

2i,e" "$it a"e e'en

#o"e s$sce,ti*&e%

A'oid "$it

to$c!ing soi&%

Ste"i&i+ation on

seed and soi&

*eo"e ,&anting%

-se siste#ic

$ngicide on ,&ant

and soi&

#hizoctonia

solani

41 "ercospora

&ea s,ot

To#ato and

C!i&i

Lea'es) ,etio&es and

ste#s #ay *e

aected% Signs

a,,ea" as s#a&& and

"o$nd &esions (it! a

T!is disease is

oten #ino" and

does not $s$a&&y

need cont"o&%

"ercospora

capsici


16/18

(ate"y a,,ea"ance%

As t!e s,ots get

*igge") t!ey a"e &ig!t

*"o(n in t!e cent"e

(it! a da"ke" *"o(n

a,,ea"ance on t!e

edge% T!e s,ots #ay

de'e&o, (it!

concent"ic "ings and

-se $ngicide%

A'oid contact

"o# attacked

,&ant to !ea&t!y

,&ant%

44 Po(de"y

#i&de(

To#ato and

C!i&i

Si#i&a" ,o(de"y

g"o(t! o" a&&

,o(de"y #i&de(s)

(it! s&ig!t

die"ences *et(een

t!e die"ent

,at!ogens% In t!e

case o t!e Oidium

s,ecies) ,a&e.ye&&o(

s,ots occ$" on

&ea'es) (it! a (!ite

,o(de"y $nga&

g"o(t! a,,ea"ing on

t!e s,ots on *ot!

&ea s$"aces% S,o"es

a"e ,"od$ced on&y on

t!e $nde"side o

&ea'es% S,ots

inc"ease in si+e and

n$#*e") and t!e &ea

e'ent$a&&y dies%

Deo&iation can

ca$se s$n*$"n o t!e

"$it% Po(de"y

#i&de(s oten

a,,ea" &ate in t!e

c"o, cyc&e%

T!is disease is

oten #ino" and

does not $s$a&&y

need cont"o&%

-se $ngicide%

A'oid contact

"o# attacked

,&ant to !ea&t!y

,&ant%

Oidium

lycopersici

Oidium

neolycopersici

4< Fusarium (i&t T!e soi&.*o"ne

$ng$s inects

t!"o$g! t!e "oots and

Ens$"e a&&

e3$i,#ent is "ee

o soi& *eo"e Fusariumoxysporum % To#ato


17/18

s,% lycopersiciin'ades t!e ste#s

'asc$&a" 0(ate".

cond$cting tiss$e)

ca$sing (i&ting)

ye&&o(ing and

*"o(ning o t!e

&ea'es% Signs a"e

i"st noticed on

&ea'es to(a"ds t!e

*ase o t!e ,&ant *$t

g"ad$a&&y s,"ead $,

t!e ,&ant% T!e (!o&e

*eing *"o$g!t onto

t!e a"#%

-se $ngicide

Ste"i&i+ation on

seed and soi&

*eo"e ,&anting%

4= C!i&i &ea c$"&

o" ,e,,e" &ea

c$"&) egg,&ant

ye&&o( #osaic

and ,e,,e"

ye&&o( &ea

c$"&to#ato

&ea c$"&

To#ato and

C!i&i

A&& *ego#o'i"$ses

a$se signs t!at

inc&$de *"ig!t.

ye&&o(.to.c!&o"otic

#osaic on &ea'es)

$s$a&&y (it! so#e

&ea disto"tion o" &ea

c$"&ing% P&ants t!at

a"e inected (it!

eit!e" TLCB o"

ToLCB at an ea"&y

g"o(t! stage *eco#e

se'e"e&y st$nted%

Lea&ets a"e "ed$ced

in si+e and

#iss!a,en%

E#e"ging &ea'es a"e

c$,,ed do(n(a"ds%

Lea'es de'e&o,ing

&ate" a"e $,"ig!t (it!

ye&&o(ing *et(een

'eins t!ei" &ea

#a"gins "o&& $,(a"d%

P&ants inected (!en

-se "e&ecti'e

#$&c!es to dete"

(!ite&ies (!en

,&ants a"e yo$ng%

-se incecticide to

'ecto".insect

%omato yello&

lea curl virus

0TLCB

%omato lea

curl virus

0ToLCB


18/18

t!ey a"e yo$ng &ose

'igo$") &o(e"s a*o"t

and t!ey sto,

,"od$cing

#a"keta*&e "$it%

W!en inections

occ$" in o&de" ,&ants)45 Fe"n &ea

To#ato andC!i&i

Signs i"st de'e&o,

a*o$t 18 days ate"

inection% In

to#atoes) t!e &ea

*&ade tiss$e is

"ed$ced o" a*sent)

*$t t!e #id"i* g"o(s

to its no"#a& &engt!%

Aected &ea'es t(ist

and c$"&) and a&&

&ea'es o an aected

,&ant can s!o( a

ye&&o(.and.g"een

#osaic ,atte"n%

Aected ,&ants do

not set "$it% On

ca,sic$#) signs

inc&$de #osaic o"

#ott&ing ,atte"ns on

&ea'es% F"$it #ay *e

deo"#ed (it! "ing

s,ots o" ye&&o(

*&otc!es% Conside"ed

to *e on&y a #i&d

disease *$t can *e

i#,o"tant on

ca,sic$#%

Ste"i&i+ation on

seed and

e3$i,#ent#ec!an

ica& *eo"e

,&anting%

-se incecticide to

'ecto".insect%

-se !e"*icide to

(eeds a"o$nd *y

t!at !a'e ,otentia&

to *e inected%

"ucumber mosaic virus

0CMB

Documents

Paper Pest and Disease_Dickdoyo Langgeng