Pain and Management 2201 05

8/8/2019 Pain and Management 2201 05

1/14

Pain and ManagementPain and Management

Chapter 3Chapter 3


2/14

DefinitionDefinition

Pain is a sensation of hurting or strongPain is a sensation of hurting or strong

discomfort in some part of the body, acuseddiscomfort in some part of the body, acused

by an injury, disease, or a functionalby an injury, disease, or a functionaldisorder and transmitted through thedisorder and transmitted through the

nervous system.nervous system.


3/14


4/14

AssessmentAssessment

PP placeplace

AA amount use a pain scaleamount use a pain scale

II interactions (what makes the pain worse)interactions (what makes the pain worse) NN neutralizers (what makes the pain less)neutralizers (what makes the pain less)


5/14

Acute/Chronic and CancerAcute/Chronic and Cancer

AcuteAcute recent onset has been experiencedrecent onset has been experienced

over a period less than 6 months.over a period less than 6 months.

ChronicChronic may be continuous ormay be continuous orintermittent, occurring over a period ofintermittent, occurring over a period of

longer than 6 months.longer than 6 months.

Cancer relatedCancer related -- --may be acute or chronic.may be acute or chronic.


6/14

TreatmentTreatment

MedicationsMedications opioid, and nonopioid.opioid, and nonopioid.

SurgerySurgery to block the transmission of painto block the transmission of pain

or remove the cause of painor remove the cause of pain


7/14

Alternative TherapiesAlternative Therapies

BiofeedbackBiofeedback aimed at helping gain voluntaryaimed at helping gain voluntarycontrol over normally involuntary physiologiccontrol over normally involuntary physiologicfunctions.functions.

RelaxationRelaxation used to modify muscle tensionused to modify muscle tension ImageryImagery used to produce relaxation and increaseused to produce relaxation and increase

the production of endorphins.the production of endorphins.

HypnosisHypnosis

Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve StimulationTranscutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) to block or reduce the transmission of(TENS) to block or reduce the transmission ofpainful impulses.painful impulses.


8/14

Alternative TherapiesAlternative Therapies

MassageMassage consist of manipulation,consist of manipulation,

methodical pressure, friction, and kneadingmethodical pressure, friction, and kneading

of the body.of the body. This type of treatment stimulates bloodThis type of treatment stimulates blood

flow, induces relaxation, and increases theflow, induces relaxation, and increases the

production of endorphins.production of endorphins.


9/14

Humor, Laughter, and PlayHumor, Laughter, and Play

Humor and laughter control pain in fourHumor and laughter control pain in four

ways:ways:

Distracting attentionDistracting attention Reducing tensionReducing tension

Changing expectationsChanging expectations

Increasing production of endorphinsIncreasing production of endorphins thethebodys natural pain killers.bodys natural pain killers.


10/14

MusicMusic

Music helps alleviate pain.Music helps alleviate pain.

Put client in a more relaxed statePut client in a more relaxed state

May also have healing powersMay also have healing powers


11/14

AcupunctureAcupuncture

Originated in China more than 5000 yearsOriginated in China more than 5000 years

agoago

Technique for treating certain painfulTechnique for treating certain painfulconditions and for producing regionalconditions and for producing regional

anesthesia via the passage of long, thinanesthesia via the passage of long, thin

needles through the skin to specific pointsneedles through the skin to specific points


12/14

AromatherapyAromatherapy

Is the use of essential oils found in plantsIs the use of essential oils found in plants

and herbs to relieve painand herbs to relieve pain


13/14

Therapeutic TouchTherapeutic Touch

Is a technique that has been taught to thousands ofIs a technique that has been taught to thousands of

practitioners.practitioners.

The practitioner begins the therapeutic touchThe practitioner begins the therapeutic touch

session with a client assessment wherein thesession with a client assessment wherein the

practitioner places hands 2 to 6 inches above thepractitioner places hands 2 to 6 inches above the

clients body and makes slow, rhythmic handclients body and makes slow, rhythmic hand

motions so that the clients blockages in themotions so that the clients blockages in the

energy field can be found.hand motions replenishenergy field can be found.hand motions replenish

the energy fieldthe energy field


14/14

YogaYoga

Means union, is a system of beliefs and practices,Means union, is a system of beliefs and practices,

the goal of which is to teach mind and body unitythe goal of which is to teach mind and body unity

Generally associated with physical postures,Generally associated with physical postures,

relaxation, and regulation of breathingrelaxation, and regulation of breathing

Used to promote relaxation, aid circulation, reduceUsed to promote relaxation, aid circulation, reduce

fatigue, lower blood pressure, regulate heart rate,fatigue, lower blood pressure, regulate heart rate,

stimulate particular body areas, strengthenstimulate particular body areas, strengthenmuscles, and develop flexibilitymuscles, and develop flexibility

Documents

Pain and Management 2201 05