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Page 1Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
Page 2Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
Was will uns der Vortragendedamit sagen?
• Überschrift aus “European Communications, Winter 2000/2001”, Aufsatz zum Nutzen von Planungstools
• Was werde ich nicht vortragen:– “Changed Value Chain from Telecommunications to
Content” etc.– Prognosen und Statistiken, da zahlreich verfügbar
• Was werde ich tun?– Die Überschrift vom Technologieaspekt aus
beleuchten,– inbesondere welche Fragen werden für einen
Netzbetreiber wichtig
Page 3Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
Subjects
GSM -> UMTS: Network & Services GSM -> UMTS: Network & Services EvolutionEvolution
• How does our network look like?• Evolution of services concepts• 3G services tools• Evolution of network concepts
Options and Decisions to TakeOptions and Decisions to Take• Options are benefits and threats• R&D at operators side, co-operations• Key questions
Page 4Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
Subjects
GSM -> UMTS: Network & Services GSM -> UMTS: Network & Services EvolutionEvolution
• How does our network look like?• Evolution of services concepts• 3G services tools• Evolution of network concepts
Options and Decisions to TakeOptions and Decisions to Take• Options are benefits and threats• R&D at operators side, co-operations• Key questions
Page 5Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
How does our network look How does our network look like ?like ?
D2 Vodafone has more than 19 Million customersOur customers generate more than 750 Million SMS/monthWe operate an installed basis of > 100 MSCs and20.000 radio cellsWe frequently add MSCs, SMSCs, IN-Systems,VoiceMail Systems, Voice Response Units........We launch numerous services per yearWe stick to multi-vendor capabilityUMTS roll-out plans are in progress
Page 6Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
Platforms have been added Platforms have been added to create servicesto create services
• Over the years we have added various platforms for service offeringsVoicemailSMS Service CenterVarious Voice Response Units for service
customisation, special information ....Pre-Paid Service Platforms
(IN, HotBilling, AoC) CellBroadcast Service CenterWAP Gateway & Server Internet Services
Page 7Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
D2-Network
Fixed NetworkSTP's
Int. Carrier
SMPSMP
MSC
MSC
GSN
MSC
SSPSSP
IPIP
Administration and Billing
BSS
BTS
VoiceMail
VoiceMail
SCPSCPVoice
Response Unit
VoiceResponse
Unit
Billing
CC
HLR/VLRHLR/VLR
SubscriberAdministration
Auxilary Systems
Auxilary Systems
IPIP
EDBEDB
Billing
Platforms added to create servicesPlatforms added to create services
PABX
SMSCSMSCSMSCSMSC
VoiceResponse
Unit
VoiceResponse
UnitVoice
Response Unit
VoiceResponse
Unit
SCPSCP
Page 8Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
ISDN concept has beenapplied for definition ofGSM services Tele Services, Bearer Services,
Supplementary Services, Features
Legacy Services moved to 3G
Bearerservice
Teleservice
GSM PLMNPossible Transit
Network
Terminating
Network
Terminal
Equipment
Terminal
Equipment
How the network has developed over the How the network has developed over the years?years?
Evolution of services conceptsEvolution of services concepts
Te
le -
an
d B
ea
rer
Se
rvic
es
Emergency Call Telephony
FaxGeneric Bearer for
DataGPRS
HSCSDVoice Group CallVoice Broadcast
eMLPPSMS
CellBroadcast
Call ForwardingCall BarringCall Waiting
Call HoldAdvice of Charge
MultiPartyExplicit Call
TransferCompletion of Calls to Busy Subscriber
Call DeflectionOperator
Determined Call Barring
Su
pple
men
tary
Se
rvic
es
Page 9Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
Plus Advanced Services Virtual Home Environment
as Philosophy
Bearerservice
Teleservice
GSM PLMNPossible Transit
Network
Terminating
Network
Terminal
Equipment
Terminal
EquipmentT
ele
- a
nd
Be
are
r S
erv
ices
Emergency Call Telephony
FaxGeneric Bearer for
DataGPRS
HSCSDVoice Group CallVoice Broadcast
eMLPPSMS
CellBroadcast
Call ForwardingCall BarringCall Waiting
Call HoldAdvice of Charge
MultiPartyExplicit Call
TransferCompletion of Calls to Busy Subscriber
Call DeflectionOperator
Determined Call Barring
Su
pple
men
tary
Se
rvic
es
Evolution of services conceptsEvolution of services concepts
Page 10Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
application
service capabilityserver
terminal
HLR CSE MExE server SAT server
network
MExE client SAT client
application
INAP/CAP/MAP
GSM/GPRS/UMTS protocols
WAP/HTTP/... “11.14”
application interface
framework
service capabilityfeature
application server
OSA
...
VHE
•Toolkits for provision of operator specific services
OSA: Open Service Architecture, SAT: SIM Application Toolkit
Evolution of services conceptsEvolution of services concepts
Page 11Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
application
service capabilityserver
terminal
HLR CSE MExE server SAT server
network
MExE client SAT client
application
INAP/CAP/MAP
GSM/GPRS/UMTS protocols
WAP/HTTP/... “11.14”
application interface
framework
service capabilityfeature
application server
OSA
...
VHE
Terminal/server centric tools
OSA: Open Service Architecture, SAT: SIM Application Toolkit
Network centric tools
Page 12Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
Call ForwardingCall BarringCall Waiting
Call HoldAdvice of Charge
MultiPartyExplicit Call
TransferCompletion of Calls to Busy Subscriber
Call DeflectionOperator
Determined Call Barring
HLRVLR
MSC
Why Camel: From 'Fixed Wired' Services to Service Platforms
Page 13Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
Call ForwardingCall BarringCall Waiting
Call HoldAdvice of Charge
MultiPartyExplicit Call
TransferCompletion of Calls to Busy Subscriber
Call DeflectionOperator
Determined Call Barring
HDBHLR
ValueAdded
Services
ServiceManage-
ment
Service Creation
HLRVLR
MobilityManagement
&Number Portability
ServerMSC
Why Camel: From 'Fixed Wired' Services to Service Platforms
CaMel
Page 14Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
CAMEL Network ArchitectureCAMEL Network Architecture
BillingSystem
SSP
MSC
MSC
CAP (GSM 9.78)
VLR
MSC
HLR
SSP
VLR VLR
MSC MSC
SCE
SCP/CSE
SMP
MAP (GSM 9.02)
SSP
IN/CAMEL Network Elements
Page 15Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
Micro-Browser integrated in handsetMicro-Browser integrated in handset
Special content formats for WAP servicesSpecial content formats for WAP services
Protocols optimised for wireless environment Protocols optimised for wireless environment
Bearer independant communication MS<->GWBearer independant communication MS<->GW
Mobile access to internetMobile access to internet
Web Server
Content
CGIScripts
etc.
WM
L D
ecks
wit
h W
ML
-Scr
ipt
WAP Gateway
WML Encoder
WMLScriptCompiler
Protocol Adapters
Client
WML
WML-Script
WTAI
Etc.
HTTPWSP/WTP
WML Wireless Markup Language
WTAI Wireless Telephony Application
Interface
WSP Wireless Session Protocol
WTP Wireless Transport Protocol
WAP has been introducedWAP has been introduced
Page 16Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
Basic GSM / GPRS / UMTS Control & Transport
Network CapabilitiesBearer Capabilities
TerminalUSIM/IC-CardNetwork
Services&Application Domain [Home Environment]
Term
inal/U
SIM
- INP
UT/O
UTP
UT
Application Domain
ApplicationDomain
Basic Service Capabilities Features and Service Capabilities DomainMobility Management, Security, Call Control, Bearer Control, Software Defined Radio capabilities, Performance Package Selection (QoS), Location Information
Network API
Basic UMTS Network Features & Services Domain
API OPEN INTERFACES
Application Domain [Terminal and USIM]
User
Terminal Services Architecture
Page 17Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
ApplicationDomain
User
Basic Service Capabilities Features and Service Capabilities Domain
Basic GSM / GPRS / UMTS Control & Transport
Network CapabilitiesBearer Capabilities
TerminalUSIM/IC-Card
Mobility Management, Security, Call Control, Bearer Control, Software Defined Radio capabilities, Performance Package Selection (QoS), Location Information
Network API
Network
Basic UMTS Network Features & Services Domain
Services&Application Domain [Home Environment]
API
Term
inal/U
SIM
- INP
UT/O
UTP
UT
Service Management &Provisioning, O&MMMI / USER INTERFACE
OPEN INTERFACES
Application Domain
... FirmWare / Terminal Operating System / Virtual Machine ...
AUDIO - SPEECH (e.g. AMR; EFR; VoIP; ...)- AUDIO STREAMING (e.g. RealAudio; QuickTime; MP3;...) - BROADCAST - UPLOAD/ DOWNLOAD ...
VIDEO - VIDEO TELEPHONY/ CONFERENCING (e.g. H.323; H.324M; MPEG4; H.263;...)- VIDEO STREAMING (e.g. RealVideo;VIVO; QuickTime;...) - BROADCAST - UPLOAD/DOWNLOAD ...
Multi- media
Messaging-Instant Mess.-MM ChatSEND, RECEIVECOMPOSE STORE &FORWARDUPLOAD/DOWNLOAD VIEW ...
- SAT- WEB/ WAP- Browser
- Location
Service
VHE-PROFILE&Terminal-Adaptation
ElectronicCommerce GAMES
INTERNET/INTRANET/EXTRANETACCESS
ApplicationDomain
Applications & Services
SERVER-FARM:SMSC, MAILBOX, WEB/WAP-SERVER/IN-NODE, MExE-SERVER, WTA-SERVER, CAMEL-SERVER, SAT-OTASERVER, H.323 GATEKEEPER, MULTIMEDIA GATEWAY, MCU
Application Domain [Terminal and USIM]
Page 18Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
• Network Services and Features– Supplementary Services– Operator Specific Services & Features ...
• Services Nodes– Voice Mail– Short Message Service / Cell Broadcast
Center– Positioning Server– Voice Response Units ... • CAMEL/IN-Services– PrePaid– VPN ...
• SIM Application Toolkit (SAT)/OTA, JavaCard• MExE, WAP, Java
3G Services Tools3G Services Tools
Options a
re benefits and th
reats
- what c
oncepts are best
?
Page 20Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
Subjects
GSM -> UMTS: Network & Services GSM -> UMTS: Network & Services EvolutionEvolution
• How does our network look like?• Evolution of services concepts• 3G services tools• Evolution of network concepts
Options and Decisions to TakeOptions and Decisions to Take• Options are benefits and threats• R&D at operators side, co-operations• Key questions
Page 21Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
The migration toThe migration to3rd Generation via 3rd Generation via GPRS to 3G R’99GPRS to 3G R’99
GPRSGPRS3G R’993G R’99
RNS
RNC
RNS
RNC
CN
Node B Node B Node B Node B
IuCS IuPS
Iur
Iubis
USIM
ME
MS
Cu
Uu
MSCSGSN
Gs
GGSNGMSC
GnHLR
Gr
GcC
D
E
AuCH
EIR
F Gf
GiPSTN
IuCSIuPS
VLRB
Gp
VLRG
BSC
BTSBTS
Um
A
BSC
BTSBTS
Gb
Abis Abis
Um
BSSBSS
SIM
SIM-ME i/f or
MSC
B
PSTN
Iubis
PSTN
Evolution of the network Evolution of the network conceptconceptfrom circuit switched & from circuit switched & packet ...packet ...
Evolution of the network Evolution of the network conceptconceptfrom circuit switched & from circuit switched & packet ...packet ...
Page 22Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
Gf
Gi
Iu-ps'
Iu
GiMr
Gi
Ms
Gi
R Uu
MGWGn
Gc
Gp
Signalling and Data Transfer Interface
Signalling Interface
TE MT UTRAN
Gr
Other PLMN
SGSN
GGSN
GGSN
EIR
SGSN
Gn
MGCF
R-SGW
MRF
MultimediaIP Networks
PSTN/Legacy/External
Applications& Services
HSS
Mm
Mw
Legacy mobilesignalingNetwork
Mc
Cx
R Um
TE MT ERAN
AlternativeAccessNetwork Mh
CSCF
CSCF
Mg
T-SGW
ISHF
Mz
Mx
My
All-IP assumes end-to-endIP functionality
All-IP is a revolutionaryconcept
Evolution of the network Evolution of the network conceptconcept... to all IP... to all IP
Evolution of the network Evolution of the network conceptconcept... to all IP... to all IP
Options a
re benefits and th
reats
- what c
oncepts are best
?
Page 23Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
Subjects
GSM -> UMTS: Network & Services GSM -> UMTS: Network & Services EvolutionEvolution
• How does our network look like?• Evolution of services concepts• 3G services tools• Evolution of network concepts
Options and Decisions to TakeOptions and Decisions to Take• Options are benefits and threats• R&D at operators side, co-operations• Key questions
Page 24Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
Options are benefits and threatsOptions are benefits and threats
What is the best choice for
service creation and deployment?
network vs. terminal centric concepts
What is the best choice
for the target backbone network?
circuit switched, packet or mixed
do we gain in terms of quality or do we loose
Page 25Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
Max
Avg
bit/s
t
t
t
t
bit/s
bit/s
bit/s
Max
Avg
Max
Avg
Max
Avg
t
t
Virtual Connections
Packet Scheduler
Probability
QoSManagement
Throughput
Delay
QoS
Is there really a gain for packet traffic with service mix ?
Page 26Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
Options are benefits and threatsOptions are benefits and threats
What are the mechanism for QoS across
several networks?
How we ensure reliability and ability to operate?
How we protect our network from threats?
How we ensure the integrity of services?
How we cater for billing all the services,
in particular for the pre-paid market?
Page 27Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
Questions Questions & how they are addressed& how they are addressed
Old days are long gonewe never had an explicit research unit likeForschungsinstitut der Telekom
However, we do some own researchWe are happy to conduct a couple of joint studies -national and internationalThere are more questions we can address ourselves
Page 28Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
Key Questions:Key Questions:Service creation conceptsService creation concepts
OSA (Open Services Architecture) is created forsystem and vendor independent service design Will OSA fly?What are the pre-requisites for afirm and sound specification of OSA?What else is necessary?What’s about Parlay?Do we get rid ofvendor’s services creation environment?
Page 29Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
Integration of central andIntegration of central andde-central services conceptsde-central services concepts
OSA (Open Services Architecture) is created forsystem and vendor independent service design
Java terminals
How we can provide sound and stable serviceswith mixed architectures?
Service modification management?
Page 30Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
Security architecture in an open Security architecture in an open service creation & provision service creation & provision environmentenvironment
Services will be created ,provided & operated bythe telecommunication operator,Application Service ProviderInternet Service Provider
How we can provide sound and stable serviceswith mixed service creation, operation and ownership?Service modification management?Charging management?
Page 31Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
Multimedia servicesMultimedia servicesStandards for multimedia standards:
MPEG4, H.263+ (Video), mp3, AAC, (Audio), SMIL*,MPEG4-BIFS (Synchronisation - Presentation), ... + 3GPP Audio codecs AMR Wideband AMR
Quality of Service for multimedia services and applications in the GSM/3G depends on content and careful selection of client - server protocols (e.g. automatic adaptation on the link quality)
Best codecs for services?Interoperation and link adaptation management?*Synchronised Integration Language [mix many media types like video, graphics, audio, text and vector based animation together andsynchronize them to a timeline]
Page 32Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany
Quality of Service (QoS)Quality of Service (QoS)Questions Questions Support of 4 Traffic Classes
ConversationalStreamingInteractiveBackground
QoS Negotiation and Re-negotiationQoS Mechanisms (to be supported across networks)
Label Switching (MPLS) and/orRSVP
Do such concepts hold what they promise?Are they applicable in large networks?QoS via multiple media gateways?
Page 33Armin Toepfer, MMO, 01/2001 25 - 26 January 2001, Bremen, Germany