MINISTRY OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING/ NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING AGENCY (BAPPENAS)

REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA

Nina Sardjunani Deputy Minister for Human Resource and Culture

Ministry of National Development Planning

Republic of Indonesia

High Level Meeting on South-South Cooperation for Child Rights New Delhi, 23-25 October 2013

Fulfilling Child Rights with Holistic and Integrated

Early Childhood Development

BAPPENAS OUTLINE

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1. Policy of Holistic-Integrative Early Childhood Development in Indonesia

a) Background

b) Current Status

c) Type of Services

d) National Objectives

e) National Policy

f) National Strategy

g) Principles & Typology of Service

h) Sustainable Policy

2. Way Forward Post 2015

BAPPENAS

• Competitive

• Resilient

• Good personality

• Stable Population Growth

Human Development includes human life cycle since in pregnancy until old aged.

• Civilized

• Strong Identity

• High Morals

• Self-Respect

• Healthy

• Educated

Human

Development

Mankind

Resource of

Development

National Long Term Development Plan

Concept of Human Development and Holistic-Integrated ECD

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BAPPENAS

1. Government’s commitment to ensure all aspect of child’s key essential needs to grow and develop in optimum ways are fulfilled completely

2. The early childhood development service provision is still fragmented

3. Challenge of achievement in school preparedness and health and nutrition status, and child protection still exist

BACKGROUND

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BAPPENAS

Source:

1. Central Bureau of Statistic, Indonesian Demographic Health Survey (several years)

2. Ministry of Health, Basic Health Research (several years)

Current Status 2007 2010/2011/2012

1. Health and Nutrition

Infant Mortality Rate1 34 32 (2012)

Under Five Mortality Rate1 44 40 (2012)

Underweight Prevalence Rat 2 20% 18% (2010)

Wasting Rate2 14% 13% (2010)

Stunting Rate2 40% 36% (2010)

Vitamin A Coverage2 71% 70% (2010)

Use of iron supplement1 29% 33% (2013)

Immunization Coverage1 83% 89% (2010)

Current Status of Fulfilling Child Rights

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BAPPENAS

Source:

1. Ministry of Education and Culture, Education Statistic Data Center, Education Statistics (several years)

Current Status 2007 2010/2011/2012

2. Education Attainment

Gross Enrolment Rate of ECE 39% 63%

Repetition Rate in Early Grades G1=0,3% G2= 4% G3= 1% (2008/2009)

G1=3,1% G2=0,6% G3=0,1% (2011/2012)

Drop Out Rate in Early Grades G1=7,6% G2=4,2% G3= 3,6% (2008/2009)

G1=6,5% G2=3,7% G3=3% (2011/2012)

Current Status of Fulfilling Child Rights

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BAPPENAS

Source:

Central Bureau of Statistic, Socio Economic Survey

Current Status 2007 2010/2011/2012

3. Child Protection

Children U5 with Birth Certificate1 53% 64% (2012)

Related Laws : • Presidential Decree No. 60 of 2013 on Holistic Integrated ECD • Government Regulation No. 33 of 2012 on Exclusive Breast Feeding • Law No. 17 of 2007 on Food • Law No. 36 of 2009 on Health • Law No. 20 of 2003 on National Education System • Law No. 23 of 2002 on Child Protection

Current Status of Fulfilling Child Rights

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BAPPENAS

Source:

1. Central Bureau of Statistic, Indonesian Demographic Health Survey (several years)

2. Central Bureau of Statistic, Socio Economic Survey

Current Status 2007 2010/2011/2012

4. Child Rearing

Exclusive Breastfeeding1 32% 42% (2012)

BKB/Parental Education2

0,6% (2011)

Current Status of Fulfilling Child Rights

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BAPPENAS

TYPES OF SERVICE TOTAL NUMBER

I. Ministry of Health 1)

1.Primary Health Care 2.Satellite Primary Health Care 3.Maternity Village Post 4.Hospitals

9,321 23,525 42,233 2,186

II. Ministry of Education and Culture 2)

1.Kindergarten 2.Playgroup 3.Day Care 4.Other ECE Service

71,351 64,409 3,103 23,885

III. Ministry of Social Affairs 3)

1.Day Care Center

176

IV. Ministry of Religious Affairs 2)

1.1. Faith-based Kindergarten

25,345

V. BKKBN (National Population and Family Planning Body) 4)

1.1. BKB (Parental Education Program)

80,568

VI. Ministry of Home Affairs 5)

1.Integrated Service Post (POSYANDU)

275,942

Type of Services

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Source: 1) Child’s Health Directorate-MoH, 2012; 2) Education Statistic in Brief-MoEC, 2011; 3) Child’s Welfare Directorate-MoSA, 2012; 4) Family of U5 Directorate-BKKBN, 2012; 5) DG of Village Community Empowerment-MoHA, 2012

BAPPENAS CHALLENGES

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1. Low health and nutrition status of children under five

2. Quite high drop out and repetition rate suspected as a result of low school readiness

3. Coverage of ECD is not optimum

4. Low quality of services and low competence of manpower

5. Regional, and socio-economic disparities on health and nutrition status and ECE enrolment

BAPPENAS

GENERAL

Provide holistic-integrative early childhood development service to ensure Indonesian children are healthy, smart, happy and demonstrate noble character

SPECIFIC a. To fulfill key essential needs of a child survival, growth and

development holistically

b. To protect child from abuse and exploitation

c. To ensure all early childhood development service is integrated and synchronized

d. To strengthen commitment of all relevant stakeholders to provide HI-ECD at all level

National Objectives of HI-ECD

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BAPPENAS

Improving equal access to sustain HIECD services

Improving quality of early childhood development services

Improving cross-sectoral coordination and cooperation and partnership between government agencies, implementing agencies and related local, national and international organizations

Strengthening institutions and legal basis and involving community and mass media in implementing early childhood development services

NATIONAL POLICY

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BAPPENAS

Improving the skills of prospective brides, parents, families and caregivers in taking care of child in an optimal way

Conducting equitable and reachable early childhood development services

Improving the quality of early childhood development services

Internalizing religious and cultural values

Empowering communities Enhancing commitment, coordination and cooperation among government agencies, implementing agencies and related organizations

Strengthening and harmonizing the legal basis of providing holistic-integrated early childhood development services

NATIONAL STRATEGY

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BAPPENAS

Principles of Holistic-Integrative ECD:

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Holistic Services which include early care conducted at home, education for parents and family members and caregivers in child care, health and nutrition services, provision of quality sanitation, treatment and education of early childhood at education service centers, and legal protection from mistreatment, including exploitation and violence against children.

Sustainable Services. A well coordinated and integrated service system providing services in a sustainable way from fetus to the age of six years.

Community Participation. Community must be involved in the planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation phases of holistic-integrated early childhood development program so the sense of belonging to the program of the community will be stronger.

BAPPENAS

Principles of Holistic-Integrative ECD:

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Constructive Cultural Basis. Early childhood service program should take positive local and global cultures into account pursuant to the needs for optimal growth and development of the child.

Non-discriminative Services. Services should be provided in a fair way for all early childhood both males and females to meet their needs, including orphans, children with special needs such as disable children and children in the conflict area, poor communities, rural and remote areas, islands and refuges.

Good Governance, including transparency, accountability, participation, efficiency and effectiveness of the use of available resources. Therefore, it is expected that all early childhood potencies can be explored and developed optimally.

Expansion of Service Distribution between community groups is undertaken by applying principles of accessibility, consideration, availability of sources, economic reachability and socio-cultural acceptance.

BAPPENAS

Endorsed Typology of Services: Integrated Services:

Complete and holistic services, conducted in an integrated way by a number of Centers

One Stop Integrated Services:

Complete and holistic services conducted by one or several providers in one location.

Endorsed Typology of Services

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BAPPENAS SUSTAINABLE POLICY

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President

Ministry of Home Affairs

Province Authorities

District Authorities

Ministry of Health

Ministry of Women

Empowerment and Child

Protection

Ministry of

Education and

Culture

Ministry of

Religious Affairs

BKKBN/ National

Population and Family

Planning Board

Ministry of Social Affairs

Ministry of National Development

Planning/ BAPPENAS

Coordinating Ministry of People’s Welfare

Regulation

* HI-ECD Provincial Decree in number of provinces (East Java, Central Java, West Sulawesi, NTB)

* HI-ECD District Decree in number of districts (Sukabumi, Sikka, Kupang, etc.)

HI-ECD President

Decree

HI-ECD Ministerial Decree for Coordinating

Implementation

HI-ECD Planning and Budgeting

MoHA Regulation

Provincial Regulation

District Regulation

BAPPENAS Way Forward Post 2015

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As there are several unfinished goals in MDG, post 2015 needs to continue its work to secure the well being, dignity and rights of those still on the margins today, as well as future generations.

Therefore, 12 illustrative goals and targets relevant to ECD are proposed

in High Level Panel of Eminent Person Report on Post 2015 Development Agenda where President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, Prime Minister of UK, and President of Liberia co-chaired need to be adopted:

1. Bring the number of people living on less than $1.25 a day to zero and

reduce the share of people living below their country’s 2015 national poverty line

2. Prevent and eliminate all forms of violence against girls and women 3. End child marriage

BAPPENAS

4. Increase the proportion of children able to access and complete pre-primary education

5. End preventable infant and U5 deaths 6. Increase the proportion of children, adolescents at risk adults and

older people that are fully vaccinated 7. Decrease maternal mortality ratio 8. End hunger and protect the right of everyone to have access to

sufficient , safe affordable and nutritious food 9. Reduce stunting, wasting and anemia for all children U5 10. Provide universal access to safe drinking water at home and in

schools health centers and refugee camps 11. Provide fee and universal legal identity such as birth registrations 12. Reduce violents and eliminate all forms of violence againts

children

Way Forward Post 2015

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BAPPENAS

The above 12 illustrative goals has been reflected in the report to the Secretary General in UN General Assembly presented in September 2012 in New York (A Life Dignity for All: Accelerating Progress the MDG and Advancing the UN Development Agenda Beyond 2015)

Way Forward Post 2015

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BAPPENAS

THANK YOU

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