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Water vapor partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze plus Garmisch FTIR measurements. Outline Results from AIRS validation campaign 2002 Combination of Zugspitze (mountain) and Garmisch (ground site) FTIR Water vapor columns variability and profile covariance above Zugspitze/Garmisch - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
Outline• Results from AIRS validation campaign 2002• Combination of Zugspitze (mountain) and Garmisch (ground site) FTIR• Water vapor columns variability and profile covariance above Zugspitze/Garmisch • Columns/partial columns retrieval characteristics and validation
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
IFU
Garmisch, 734 m
FTIR
GPS
Radio sondes
Zugspitze, 2964 m
LIDAR
IFU
IFU
GPSFTIR
FTIR
IFUIn situ
In situ
LIDAR
UV
UV
IMK-IFU Working Group „Variability and Trends“
Scientists R. Sussmann W. Junkermann H.E. Scheel T. Trickl H. Vogelmann P. Werle Engineers H. Giehl M. Rettinger A. Rockmann PhD students W. Stremme T. Borsdorff
Triple NDACC Primary Station: FTIR, Aerosol, UV.
Permanent Ground-Truthing Facility Zugspitze/Garmisch according to the WMO requirements.
MAPS,CRISTA,MOPITT, SAGE, GOME,AIRS,SCIAMACHY,ACE, IASI,CALIPSO, OCO, TCCON,GOSAT, …
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
IFU
Garmisch, 734 m
FTIR
GPS
Radio sondes
Zugspitze, 2964 m
LIDAR
IFU
IFU
GPSFTIR
FTIR
IFUIn situ
In situ
Zugspitze/Garmisch instrumentation for water vapor columns/profiles
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
Campaign duration: 3 Months (19 Aug 2002 - 17 Nov 2002)
Validation measurements: 7 days a week,2-hours-period around each overpass delivered,for 2 EOS-Aqua overpasses per day
• Zugspitze FTIR: clear sky operation, typically, 20-min-integration intervals
• Radio Sondes (Garmisch): 4 sondes a day (two per overpass)
• GPS Garmisch+ Zugspitze, permanent operation, half hourly mean values
• In-Situ Met Data (Garmisch + Zugspitze): 1-min-values
• Cloud/weather information (Zugspitze: hourly; Garmisch: 1 fish eye image per overpass)
2002 AIRS validation campaign at Zugspitze/Garmisch: Schedule
Data delivery: within 12 h
for both day- and night-overpasses
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
2002 AIRS validation campaign at Zugspitze/Garmisch: Radio Sounding
Sonde 1 launched 1h before overpassSonde 2 launched 5 min before overpass
Vaisala RS 80-30 G sondesTOTEX-800-g balloons2 x Digicora III (Marvin 21, SPS220G)
TOBIN-Inter-/Extrapolation between both soundings:
qTobin(z, top) = qsonde(z, t0) + (dq(z)/dt) (top – t0)
Tobin, D., W. Feltz, B. Knuteson, H. Revercomb, “ARM T/q Best Estimate Profiles for AIRS validation”, 1 March 2000
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
2002 AIRS validation campaign at Zugspitze/Garmisch: Radio Sounding
delivered within 12 hours
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
2002 AIRS validation campaign at Zugspitze/Garmisch: Radio Sounding
delivered within 12 hours
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
IFU
Garmisch, 734 m
GPS
Zugspitze, 2964 m
GPS
Water vapor columns: Zugspitze+Garmisch GPS
GPS (1.6 / 1.2 GHz) Receivers
Collaboration with Geoforschungszentrum Potsdam (Ch. Reigber)
11:30 12:00 12:30 13:00 13:30 14:00 14:300,0
1,0
2,0
3,0
4,0
5,0
6,0
7,0
8,0
9,0
10,0
Col
umn
abun
danc
e (
mm
)
Time of day
GPS: ifu1 GPS: zugsGarmisch GPS
Zugspitze GPS
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
ColumnsaboveGarmisch, 734 m
2-h-meanvalues
integrated Tobin-profiles
GPS bias 1-2 mm, precision 1 mm
Water vapor columns: Validation of Garmisch GPS with radio sondes
Ralf Sussmann and Claude Camy-Peyret, Ground-Truthing Center Zugspitze, Germany for AIRS/IASI Validation, EUMETSAT Contract No. EUM/CO/01/892/PS, Phase II Report, 28 March 2003
0 5 10 15 20 25 300
5
10
15
20
25
30
Y = A + B * X
Parameter Value Error------------------------------------------A 0,5699 0,25176B 1,036 0,01497------------------------------------------
R N------------------------------------------0,98331 166------------------------------------------
Linear Fit Upper 95% Confidence Limit Lower 95% Confidence Limit
Wat
er
Co
lum
n fr
om G
arm
isch
GP
S (
mm
)
Water Column from Radio Sondes (mm)
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
ColumnsaboveZugspitze, 2964 m
2-h-meanvalues
integrated Tobin-profiles
GPS bias 1-2 mm, precision 1 mm
Ralf Sussmann and Claude Camy-Peyret, Ground-Truthing Center Zugspitze, Germany for AIRS/IASI Validation, EUMETSAT Contract No. EUM/CO/01/892/PS, Phase II Report, 28 March 2003
Water vapor columns: Validation of Zugspitze GPS with radio sondes
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Y = A + B * X
Parameter Value Error---------------------------------------------A 1,62739 0,12615B 0,95162 0,02186---------------------------------------------
R N----------------------------0,95773 173----------------------------
Linear Regression Upper 95% Confidence Limit Lower 95% Confidence Limit
To
tal W
ate
r C
olu
mn
from
Zu
gspi
tze
GP
S (
mm
)
Total Water Column from Radio Sondes (mm)
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
IFU
Garmisch 734 m
FTIR
Zugspitze2964 m
IFU
FTIR
FTIR
IFU
H2O columns and profiles
“Differential FTIR” with Zugspitze: H2O columns and profiles
Garmisch operational since 200494 measurement days in 2004 147 measurement days in 2005
Zugspitze operational since 1995typ. 130 measurement days per year
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
HITRAN96
010-010R10, R14water lines
solar OH
Zugspitze solar FTIR retrieval: Micro windows
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
HITRAN2000, solar OH removed
010-010R10, R14water lines
Zugspitze solar FTIR retrieval: Micro windows
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
HITRAN96
010-010R11water line
Zugspitze solar FTIR retrieval: Micro windows
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
HITRAN2000
010-010R11water line
Zugspitze solar FTIR retrieval: Micro windows
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
HITRAN96
010-010R10, R13, R16water lines
Zugspitze solar FTIR retrieval: Micro windows
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
HITRAN2000
010-010R10, R13, R16water lines
Zugspitze solar FTIR retrieval: Micro windows
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
HITRAN2000
010-010R10, R13, R16water lines
Zugspitze solar FTIR retrieval: Micro windows
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
Zugspitze solar FTIR retrieval: Micro windows
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
ColumnsaboveZugspitze, 2964 m
2-h-meanvalues
integrated Tobin-profiles0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Y = A + B * X
Parameter Value Error-------------------------------------------A 0,04386 0,12322B 1,05399 0,03245-------------------------------------------
R N-------------------------------------------0,98928 25-------------------------------------------
Linear Fit Upper 95% Confidence Limit Lower 95% Confidence Limit
To
tal W
ate
r C
olu
mn
fro
m F
TIR
(m
m)
Total Water Column from Radio Sondes (mm)
Water vapor columns Zugspitze/Garmisch: Validation of solar FTIR with sondes
Ralf Sussmann and Claude Camy-Peyret, Ground-Truthing Center Zugspitze, Germany for AIRS/IASI Validation, EUMETSAT Contract No. EUM/CO/01/892/PS, Phase II Report, 28 March 2003
FTIR is probably one of the most accurate techniques to quantify columnar water vapor, with an accuracy around 0.1 mm
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
0.734
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020
volume mixing ratio
alti
tud
e [k
m]
Garmisch radio sonde profiles
Zugspitze/Garmisch FTIR profile retrieval: A priori information used (I)
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
0.734 2 4 6 8 10 12 140.734
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
altitude [km]
alti
tud
e [k
m]
- 0
- 0.05
- 0.10
- 0.15
- 0.20
- 0.25
- 0.30
- 0.35
- 0.40
- 0.44
0.734
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
standard deviation of H2O variability [%]
altit
ude
[km
]
water vapor covariance
VMRUnit: covariances of VMR-layer scaling factors
Zugspitze/Garmisch FTIR profile retrieval: A priori information used (II)
water vapor variability (stdv)
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
2.964
4
6
8
10
12
14
-0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
averaging kernel
alti
tud
e [k
m]
1 mm water vapor column
Zugspitze/Garmisch FTIR profile retrieval: Averaging kernels
dofs 3 (snr 100)
dofs-1-layers: 3 - 4 km4 - 7 km7 – 15 km
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
Zugspitze/Garmisch FTIR profile retrieval: Smoothing error
2.9644
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
10 mm water vapor column 1 mm water vapor column stdv of true water vapor variability
smoothing error [%]
alti
tud
e [k
m]
Smoothing error/altitude range does not dependupon absolute column level
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
Zugspitze FTIR profile retrieval: Retrieved profiles versus sondes
2.9644
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
0 500 1000 1500 2000
FTIR radio sonde
H2O volume mixing ratio [ppm]
alti
tud
e [k
m]
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
Zugspitze FTIR profile retrieval: Retrieved profiles versus sondes
0 1 20
1
2
FT
IR p
arti
al c
olu
mn
[10
21 c
m-2]
radio sonde partial column [1021 cm-2]
0 5 100
5
10
FT
IR p
arti
al c
olu
mn
[10
21 c
m-2]
radio sonde partial column [1021 cm-2]0 1 2
0
1
2
FT
IR p
arti
al c
olu
mn
[10
21 c
m-2]
radio sonde partial column [1021 cm-2]
partial column 3 - 4 km partial column 4 - 7 km partial column 7 - 15 km
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements
Zugspitze FTIR profile retrieval: Retrieved profile versus sonde
2.9644
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
0 500 1000 1500 2000
FTIR radio sonde
H2O volume mixing ratio [ppm]
alti
tud
e [k
m]
snr = 155.938column = 2.98 mm
2.9644
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
0 500 1000 1500 2000
FTIR radio sonde
snr = 174.032column = 1.51 mm
H2O volume mixing ratio [ppm]
alti
tud
e [k
m]
2.9644
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
0 500 1000 1500 2000
FTIR radio sonde
snr = 126.952column = 2.17 mm
H2O volume mixing ratio [ppm]
alti
tud
e [k
m]
2.9644
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
0 500 1000 1500 2000
FTIR radio sonde
snr = 179.151column = 1.36 mm
H2O volume mixing ratio [ppm]
alti
tud
e [k
m]
2.9644
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
0 500 1000 1500 2000
FTIR radio sonde
snr = 154.527column = 2.22 mm
H2O volume mixing ratio [ppm]
alti
tud
e [k
m]
2.9644
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
0 500 1000 1500 2000
FTIR radio sonde
snr = 163.892column = 1.85 mm
H2O volume mixing ratio [ppm]
alti
tud
e [k
m]
IMK-IFU, Research Center Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Ralf Sussmann
EPS/MetOp validation at Ground-Truthing Center Zugspitze/Garmisch
Summary/Outlook: FTIR water vapor retrievals at Zugspitze + Garmisch
Summary • found interference-free micro-window set
• FTIR yields very very high accuracy total columns
• Zugspitze – Garmisch „differential FTIR“
• OE with climatological a priori covariance from sondes works fine
• dofs 3, i.e., layers 3 - 4 km, 4 - 7 km, 7 – 15 km
• smooting error/altitude range does not significantly depend on absolute water column level
• validation against sondes good, given high quality spectra (snr > 120)
Outlook• synergistic combination with Zugspitze water lidar measurements
• Zugspitze/Garmisch EPS-MetOp IASI validation campaign in 2007
Partial columns retrieval from Zugspitze and Garmisch FTIR measurements