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Our Planet’s Moon
Daytime???
or
Nighttime only???
Definitions
• Reflective—physically capable of returning/ reflecting light or sound
(Ex. mirrors have reflective properties)
– Lighter colors (white and grey) have
the ability to reflect more light than dark colors
Introduction Activity
You will need the round mirror, orange and red reflectors, and the flash light.
You will do this activity with the room lights on and off.
Purpose/Goal
To observe how reflection of light occurs. To determine which of the three items is the most
reflective.
Introduction Activity
Procedures1. Stand facing a wall about 1 to 2 feet away from it with the
lights off.2. Hold one of the 3 items (red reflector, orange reflector, or
mirror) close to your body with the reflective side facing the wall.
3. Hold the flash light away from your body pointing at the item.
4. Observe the reflection and its brightness on the wall.5. Repeat for each of the three items.6. Now repeat the above 5 steps with the lights on.
(See following slide for sketch if you have any questions regarding how to do this activity)
Introduction Activity
Introduction ActivityObservation Analysis
On a sheet of paper write down what you observe.
Which of the three items was the most reflective?
Red Reflector Orange Reflector Mirror
Why do you think this is?
Was there a difference in reflections with the lights off versus the lights on? Explain.
Background Information
In the following slides you will read about the
moon. This information should give you
details about the moon that you will need
to consider while performing the Main
Activity. It should also help you in forming
your answers to the observation questions
that you will answer at the end of both
activities.
The moon’s ability to be seen
The moon is not a star with it’s own light source.
Then why is it so bright?The moon’s color has reflective properties that allow us to see light from the sun being reflected
When can we see the moon?• It is easiest seen at night because the sky is so dark allowing the
sun’s reflection to stand out• It can also be seen during the day depending on its position in
relation to the sun and the Earth
(Extension Activity: Observe the moon over the period of one month and write down details about what you see and/or draw pictures on the Lunar Sighting worksheet included in the box.)
Reflective Properties
Look at the pictures of these moon rocks and the surface of the moon.
Take note of their color.
The moon’s light color allows it to reflect light back so that we can see it.
Main ActivityCan you see its reflection?
Goal Using the flash light and the styrofoam balls of the moon
and Earth you will attempt to reflect light off of the moon onto the Earth’s surface.
You will need to do this with the lights in the room off and then again with the lights on.
You will need to work in groups of 2 or more.(One person will need to hold the flash light while others do the observation. Take turns so
that everyone has the opportunity to see the reflection.)
On a sheet of paper write down what you observe.
Main ActivityCan you see its reflection?
Procedure/Guidelines1) Insert the Earth and Moon into the flat foam piece (in the marked
holes) so that they stand on their own.
2) The person holding the flash light will stand closest to the Earth so that the beginning order is Sun, Earth, Moon.
• The flash light will be used as the Sun.• Since this is not an exact replica of the solar system, it is okay to adjust
the sun’s angle slightly to obtain the reflection of light from the Moon onto the Earth’s surface. The person holding the sun (flash light) will stay in one place
• The moon’s mirror should always face the Earth. This is because only one side of the Moon faces the Earth at all times.
Main ActivityCan you see its reflection?
3) With the room lights off, turn on the flash light (sun).
4) Make observations5) Slowly turn the foam shoe
(remember mirror faces the Earth.)
3) Make observations
4) Continue this process until you have rotated the Earth and Moon 360*
5) Do the above steps with the lights on now.
Main ActivityObservation Analysis
Thinking about what you observed…
Were you able to see the reflection at all times?
Was it easier to see the reflection with the lights on or with the lights off?
Explain why these results occurred.
Final Assessment
1. Compare and contrast the difference between these two reflection images:
2. Why can we see the moon better at night?
3. Why can we sometimes see the moon during the day?
See a recording of the moon during the daytime.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ovLzyFeZJJE&NR=1
In the picture at right you can see the sun is just
beginning to rise over the water in the far right
of the picture. The moon is what is seen already
in the sky to the far left.
In the picture at left you can see the sun
is full and low to the horizon. The moon
is large and high in the sky. The moon is
in its crescent shape.
Teacher Reference SectionIndiana State Standard
4.3.1 Observe and report that the moon can be seen sometimes at night and sometimes during the day.
http://dc.doe.in.gov/Standards/AcademicStandards/StandardSearch.aspx
http://www.indianastandardsresources.org/files/sci/sci_4_3_1.pdf
Materials in BoxTotal of 2 complete sets
Instructor’s Demonstration Items:• Complete solar system model• Pictures of bicycle with reflector bright white• Lunar Sighting worksheet
http://www.indianastandardsresources.org/files/sci/sci_4_3_1.pdf
Introduction Activity:• Notebook paper• Red reflector• Orange reflector• Round mirror• Flashlight (use for both activities)
Main Activity:• Notebook paper• Round styrofoam disc or foam flip flop• Styrofoam moon on a dowel• Styrofoam Earth on a dowel
Analysis Questions
Compare and contrast the reflector activity to the sun, Earth, and moon activity?
Apply what you learned about reflectors to determine why bicycles, pedestrians, and joggers need to have reflectors or reflective material on?
Based on the moon activity and what you learned about color and reflective things, what else can people do or wear besides reflective materials?
