A Manifesto to Secure a Healthy Planet for All - A Call for Emergency Action

A Collaborative Initiative by the InterAction Council –

An Organisation of former Heads of State and Government

Contact:drjonurse@gmail.com

StrategicAdvisor,InterActionCouncilFormerHeadofHealthandEducation,TheCommonwealth

VisitingProfessor,PlanetaryHealth,SouthamptonUniversity,UK

Overview – A Medical Diagnosis of the Planet’s Health:

•  TheChallenge-OurPlanet’sHealthisCriticallySick–andweallneedtoactwithurgency•  Therisksforfuturegenerations–arewestandingattheprecipiceofamassextinction?

• AManifestotoSecureaHealthyPlanetforAll:•  Security–ACriticalCareResponseforthePlanet’sHealth• Recovery–RehabilitationandResilience• AFlourishingPlanetforAll• Guardianship–foraHealthyPlanet• Collaborative– CommunityAction

Climate&EnvironmentalStress

Migration Violence

Disasters

SymptomsofaFeverishPlanet:-A‘Nexusof

EscalatingDisasters’

Earlysymptomsfromanemerging

Planetaryfeverat1C

TheHumanBody’snormalTemperatureisabout37C

Ariseofjust3-4degreescanbefatalandisseenasaMedicalEmergency

TheUNEPEmissionsGapReport2018:‘IfNDCambitionsarenotincreasedbefore2030,exceedingthe1.5°Cgoalcannolongerbeavoided.Nowmorethanever,unprecedentedandurgentactionisrequiredbyallnations…infact,globalCO2emissionsincreasedin2017….’“ClimateChangeisrunningfasterthanweare–andwearerunningoutoftime”UNSG,AntonioGuterres–retheIPCC2018reportonGlobalWarmingofI.5CWeareenteringintounknownterritory:Humancivilisation-over800,000yearshasoccurredwithintherangeof-1to1+C:wearecurrentlyat1+CGeologicalrecords-showthattippingpointthresholdsstartbetween1-3C

TemperatureChartandEmissions–GlobalGapsUNEP,2018Collaborativeactionneedstobescaledupurgently

NDC=NationallyDeterminedContribution,(Parisagreements)

Risks and a critical juncture in time: Feedback loops create the potential for runaway climate change and a hothouse earth scenario

•  Uncertainty-wecurrentlydonotknowifwehavealreadycrossedtippingpointthresholds

•  TheIPCCreports-providescientificconsensusonareasofrelativecertainty

•  Ariskassessment-processisstillrequiredtounderstand,detectandaverttippingpoints

‘HothouseEarth’scenario:•  Evenifweaimtokeeptemperaturerises

between1-2degrees,theprocessoffeedbackloopscouldbecomeunstoppable:

•  Resultinginglobalaveragetemperaturerisesof4-5degreeswithsealevelrisesof10-60metres.

Risks-TheClimateFeedbackLoop

RisingEmissions

HigherTemperatures

ShrinkingSeaIce

ThawingPermafrost

MassiveWildfires

What about our longer term future? By2100:Currenttrajectoryprojected3-4CincreaseBy2200:leadingto3-10CBy2300:3-12CplusTemperatureswillstayatelevatedlevelsformillenniaunlessCO2emissionsaresignificantlyreversed:TheOceanshaveabsorbed90%ofourextraheat–equivalenttoa36CincreaseifreleasedintotheEarth’satmosphere

Are we at the precipice of a 6th Mass Extinction?

ThePermianExtinction252millionyearsago-calledthe‘greatdying’–asitkilled:•  96%ofmarinespecies–fromloss

ofoxygen•  70%oflandspecies•  Mostoftheplanet’strees,insects,

plantsandmicrobes

Occurredfromtemperatureincreasesof8-10C

-Whichwecouldreachby2200

LateDevonian

Permian-Triassic

Triassic-Jurassic

Cretaceous–Paleogene

Extinctioneventstimeline-Millionyearsago439 364 251 199 65

Ordovician-Silurian

Amassextinctionisusuallydefinedasalossofmorethan75%ofallspecies

TODAY-TheEnvironmentalCrisis:Wehavealreadyseenadeclinein

60%ofmammals,birds,fishandreptilessince1970

The Environmental Crisis and Biodiversity Loss, Food System Collapse and Extinction Events

E

EcosystemCollapse

Sofarsincepre-historywehaveseen:-Anestimateddeclineof47%ofnaturalecosystemsand82%lossofwildmammals-Arapidlyacceleratingdeclineofspeciessince1970-Anestimatedonemillionspeciesatriskofextinctioninthecomingdecades,(IPBES2019)***

Recovery:OnceecosystemDiversitycollapses

Restorationrequires

DozensofmillionsOfyears**

PlantsandProducers

RecyclersPollinators

Consumers

Estimated60%declineofmammals,

birds,fishandreptiles

since1970

“WeCannotbeRadicalEnough”SirDavidAttenborough*

ExtinctionAHealthyEcologicalPyramid

IfweconsiderthePlanet’sHealth:RespiratorySystem=carbonemissions,airpollution,lossofforestsCirculatorysystem=oceansacidic,riverspolluted,freshwatercontaminatedOrgans=lossofswamplandstodetoxifyMentalHealth=biodiversitylossandextinctionsSkin=desertification,mudslides,depletedagriculture

“ThePlanetisSick–andweallneedtoworktogethertoensurethehealthandwellbeingoffuturegenerations”HEBertieAhern,Edinburgh,2018

Wewoulddiagnoseitasseriouslyill–withmultipleorganfailure

WeneedtoactwithSpeedandScale:ACriticalCareResponsetoSecureaHealthyPlanetforAll

CriticalCareResponse:

Resuscitation

Stabilization

Diagnosis

Treatment

Recovery

Rehabilitation

Prevention

Promotion

ACTIONS:Security-a‘CriticalCareResponseforthePlanet’sHealth’Recovery–RehabilitationandResilienceAFlourishing– PlanetforAllGuardianship-foraHealthyPlanet:Collaborative–CommunityAction

Urgent

Long-Term

Planet

Place

People

Guardianship

Flourishing

Security

Recovery

AManifestotoSecurea

HealthyPlanetforAll

AIR

WATER

FOOD

GuardiansforaHealthyPlanet

ACriticalCareResponsetoSecurethePlanets’Health

UniversalHealthSystemsforPlanet,PlaceandPeople

CollaborativeAction-CreateConnectedCommunities

LAND

Manifesto to Secure a Healthy Planet for All – A Call for Emergency Action: 1.Security–ACriticalCareResponseforthePlanet’sHealth:

• DeclareanEmergencyResponse:atglobal,nationalandlocallevels,toreflecttherequiredurgencyandspeedtoaddressthecriticalsituationoftheplanet’shealth;drawinguponlessonsfromthehealthsector,establishaninternationalmulti-sectoremergencyresponse;• Resuscitation:atscale,drawdowncarbonemissions,reduceoceantemperaturesandacidity•  Stabilisation:identifykeyrisksandimpactsfrompotentialtippingpointsandco-ordinateresponsesatscaleandspeedtostabiliserisks;diagnoseanddevelopalongertermtreatmentplanfortheplanet’shealth;mapthepopulations,mostatrisktotargetandscaleupadaptationresponses

•  Resuscitation:ABC-Airways,Breathing,Circulation

•  Stabilization:Homeostasis–stablesystems:temperatureandacidosis

•  Diagnosis:excessC02andtoxins•  Treatment:reducecarbonemissionsandsourcesoftoxins

•  Recovery:healingeco-systems•  Rehabilitation:healthyeco-systems•  Prevention:buildresilience,earlydetectionandintervention

•  Promotion:flourishingeco-systems,biodiversityandsustainablewell-being

Security-ACriticalCareUnitforaSickPlanet:

ReduceandmanagetherisksfromaSickPlanet

Declaring an Emergency Response – apply Existing Mechanisms: •  UNSecurityCouncil–frametheclimateandenvironmentalcrisisasanemergencytoscaleupresponses

•  EstablishaGlobalCommitteetoaddresstheClimateandEnvironmentalCrisis

•  UtiliseandapplyexistingNationalandLocalEmergencyandResilienceMechanisms

•  ApplylearningfrominternationalandnationalemergencyresponsesformanaginghealththreatslikeEbola

•  EstablishnetworksandsharelearningfromCountriesandLocalAuthoritiesdeclaringclimateemergencies

SendaiFrameworkforDisasterRiskReduction2015-2030:

•  Strengthencapacity,governanceandinvestmentfordisasterriskreduction

•  ‘BuildBackBetter’inrecovery,rehabilitationandreconstruction

PublicHealthEmergencyofInternationalConcern:

•  WHODGcallsanInternationalHealthRegulationsEmergencyCommitteeofExperts

•  Requiresacoordinatedinternationalresponsewherethesituationisserious,carriesimplicationsforpublichealthbeyondnationalborders,andrequiresimmediateinternationalaction–(usuallyappliestodiseases)

2.Recovery:RehabilitationandResilience–HealthyAir,WaterandFoodSystems,PlacesandEco-Cities

AIR

WATERFOODHealthyPlaces&Eco-Cities

Air:•  Rapidinvestmentandscaleupofcleanenergyand

transport•  Promotewalkingandcyclingandenhancegreen

urbandesignWater:•  Enhanceoceanroleinrecoveringplanetary

homeostasis(temp,C02,acidity,toxins)•  AdvancenaturebasedsolutionsforsustainablewaterandsanitationLand:•  Restorehealthyhabitats,reversedesertification–

enhancereforestationwithindigenoustrees•  Promotehabitatsthatenhancepollinatorspecies

forfoodsecurityFood:•  Scaleupsustainable‘HealthyPlanetFoodSystems’-

enhanceplantbasedfoods•  Reduceexcessconsumptionandfoodwaste,

improvestorage,cleancooking,recyclewasteandrefridgeration

‘HealthySystemsforPlanet,PlaceandPeople’

LAND

1.  Governance:planetaryhealthguardianshipandlegislation;sciencebasedpolicyandstrategy;cyclicalinvestment;planetaryhealthindex.

2.  Knowledge:surveillance,monitoringandevaluation;researchandevidence;riskandinnovation;digitalsystemsanddissemination.

3.  Protection:PlanetaryHealthrisksandresponse;IHRandSendaiFramework;communicablediseasecontrol;emergencypreparedness;environmentalhealth;climatechangeandsustainability.

4.  Promotion:intergenerationalinequalities;AIR-WATER-LAND-FOODsystems;co-benefitsandsustainabledevelopment;ecologicalhealthliteracy;life-courseresilience;healthyeco-settings.

5.  Prevention:primaryprevention:vaccination;secondaryprevention:screening;efficienthealthcaremanagement,wasteandrecycling.

6.  People:primaryhealthcare(ecologicalcommunityofficers;maternal&childhealth);secondaryandtertiaryhealthandsocialcare&recovery.

7.  Advocacy:leadershipandethics;planetaryhealthcommunityguardians;greenconnectedcommunities;multi-medianetworks.

8.  Capacity:life-courseeducation,workforcedevelopment;workforceplanning:numbers,resources,infrastructure;standards,curriculum,accreditation;capabilities,teachingandtraining.

AdaptedfromtheGlobalCharterforthePublic’sHealth,WFPHAandthe‘SystemsFrameworkforHealthyPolicy’theCommonwealth,2016.

AdvancedbytheDigitalPlatformforPlanet,PlaceandPeople–aHuboftheCommonwealthCentreforDigitalHealth

PLANET

PLACE

2.Recovery:-UniversalHealthSystemsforPlanet,PlaceandPeople

ManifestotoSecureaHealthyPlanetforAll–ACallforAction:3.AFlourishing–PlanetforAll-Promote Sustainable Well-Being

ConnectedMind

ConnectedMind&Body

ConnectedFamilies

ConnectedCommunities

ConnectedEnvironment

CreateConnectedCommunities

Flourishing: Create Connected Communities -

to enhance innovative nature based solutions for the Sustainable Well-Being of Future Generations

Flourishing Moderatementalhealth

Languishing

Mentaldisorder

ShiftingthePopulationDistributionofMentalHealthandFlourishing

CreativeConnectedCommunities

EnhanceResilience

Manifesto to Secure a Healthy Planet for All – A Call for Action: 4. Guardianship - for a Healthy Planet: Enabling the

Sustainable Development Goals GuardiansforaHealthyPlanet:PEGASUS

•  PlanetaryFirstAid-placethePlanet’sHealthatthecentreofdecisionmakingtosecurethewell-beingoffuturegenerations

•  EmergencyResponse–co-ordinateandcommunicateurgentactiontoaddressourClimateEmergency

•  Guardianship–protectourPlanet’sHealthfromrisksandpromotetheWell-beingoffutureGenerations

•  Advocacy-forsciencebaseddecisionsandnature-basedresponses

•  Solutions-educateoneselfandothersonenvironmentalchallengesandinnovativesolutionsforthePlanet’sHealth

•  Unify–actforthewell-beingofallonthisplanet,andenablecollaborativeactionforspeedandscale

•  Sustain–hopeandinspireactiontocreateaflourishingplanetforall

Planet’sHealthandWell-Being

SocialDevelopment

EconomicDevelopment

EnvironmentalDevelopment

CoreValues:-PlacethePrimacyoftheHealthof

ThePlanetinallthatwedo-ActwithSpeedandScaletoSecureTheWell-beingofFutureGenerations

Guardianship–AHealthyPlanetIndextoSecureaHealthyPlanetforAll

11.5

22.12.4

16

16.116.616.7

33.43.63.73.83.93.d

44.7

55.55.6

66.36.66.a

77.a

88.4

99.4

10

10.2

11

11.211.311.411.511.611.711.a11.B

12

12.112.212.312.412.8

13

13.113.213.313.b

14

14.114.214.314.5

15

15.115.215.315.415.515.9

1717.617.717.917.1417.1517.1617.17

ScaleupMulti-SectorGovernanceMechanisms,LeadershipandStrategicSystemsSolutions:-AHealthyPlanetIndex–adriverforscalingupcollaborativeactionacrosstheSustainableDevelopmentGoals

Manifesto to Secure a Healthy Planet for All - A Call for Action 5. Collaborative – Community and Health Professional Action

AdvocacyandLeadingbyexample:•  Guardians:BecomeGuardiansforthePlanet’sHealthandacommunityadvocate

•  Efficient:Usecleanrenewableenergysources,insulatebuildingsandprovideaccessiblecommunitybasedanddigitalservices

•  Recycle:disposeofmedicalwaste,plastics,refrigeratorsandair-conditionersresponsibly

•  Protect:patientsfromextremeweathereventsandhaveemergencyplansandprocessesinplace

•  Green:planttreesaroundhealthcenterstoprotectagainstheatwaves,floodingandtocreatehealthyenvironments

PatientAdvise,ServicesandPrescriptions:•  HealthyFood:Encourageashifttohealthyplantbasedfoods,reducefoodwasteandoptimalenergyconsumption

•  PhysicalActivity:Encouragephysicalactivitieslikegardening,walkingandcycling

•  GreenActivity:PrescribeGreenVolunteering,kitchengardens,communityconservationandtreeplanting

•  ResilientFamilies:ProvideaccessibleMaternalandChildHealthservices,includingreproductiveandmentalhealthservices

•  QualityServices:Reduceoverprescribingandoverinvestigation,increasepreventiveapproachesandempowerpatients

CollaborativeCommunityAction-RapidReductionofCarbontoSecurePlanetaryHealthforAll

Sector TotalReductionofCO2EGT

NetCost$Billions

NetSavings$Billions

Food 322 $777 $10,017Energy 247 $4,896 $21,447LandUse 150 $64 $1,250WomenandGirls 121 NA $88Materials 112 $1,125 $1,039Buildings&Cities 54 $4,778 $17,906Transport 46 $15,676 $22,666Total 1,052 $27,316 $74,413

Drawdown–themostcomprehensiveplaneverproposedtoreverseglobalwarming;PaulHawken,Penguin,2017:http://www.drawdown.org

ManifestotoSecureaHealthyPlanetforAll–ACallforEmergencyAction-30 Endorsing Organisations:

•  InterActionCouncil(formerheadsofgovernmentgroup)•  WorldFederationofPublicHealthAssociations•  WorldPsychiatricAssociation•  InternationalFederationofEnvironmentalHealth•  WorldOrganisationofFamilyDoctors–WorkingGroup

ontheEnvironmental•  InternationalUnionfortheConservationofNature–

UrbanAlliance•  CommonwealthMedicalAssociation•  CommonwealthCentreforDigitalHealth•  CommonwealthLocalGovernmentForum•  CommonwealthRoyalSociety•  CommonwealthAssociationofScience,Technologyand

MathematicsEducators•  CommonwealthHumanEcologyCouncil•  CommonwealthAssociationofMuseums•  CommonwealthAssociationofPlanners•  NCDAlliance•  PlanetaryHealthAlliance

•  OneYoungWorld

•  InternationalFederationofMedicalStudentsAssociation

•  ArabWorldAssociationofYoungScientists

•  WelshCommissionfortheWell-BeingofFutureGenerations

•  SalzburgGlobalSeminar

•  EngineersforSocialResponsibilityInc.•  SchoolofInternationalFutures•  FacultyofPublicHealth,UK•  UniversityofSouthernDenmarkandDanishPublicHealth

Institute

•  CharteredInstituteofEnvironmentalHealth

•  FoundationforDemocracyandSustainableDevelopment

•  AssociationofInternationalAccountants•  WorldHealthSummitandM8Alliance

•  IslamicWorldAcademyofSciences

Follow up Actions and Next Steps: DisseminationoftheManifesto:•  ThroughOrganisationalNetworksandSocialMedia•  Iffurtherorganisationswishtoendorseorsupportthemanifesto,pleaseputastatementonyourwebsiteandlinktotheManifestoontheInterActionCouncilwebsite

UNSGClimateSummit:•  PresentationoftheManifestoatasideeventattheUnitedNationsClimateSummitConvenefollowupmeetings:•  Collaborativeevents,meetingsandround-tablesDigitalPlatformtobeestablished:•  HostedbySouthamptonUniversityfor‘UniversalHealthSystemsforPlanetPlaceandPeople’asaHubofthe‘CommonwealthCentreforDigitalHealth’–engagingcollaborativepartnerstocreateacommongoodforsecuringahealthyplanetforall

Profileatfutureconferencesandevents:•  OneYoungWorldSummit–22nd-25thOctober2019,London•  WorldFederationofPublicHealthAssociationsCongress,Rome2020•  ‘Nightingale2020’Conference–London27-28thOctober2020