Organizing Your Ideas

Basic Elements of a Speech

• Introduction

• Central Idea (Thesis Statement)

• Body

Main points

Sub points

Conclusion

Organizing the Body

• Identify Main Points and Sub-points• Choose the Best Organizational Pattern

– Chronological-- Spatial– Topical– Cause-effect– Problem-solution– Motivated Sequence

• Like a sales pitch -- sequence of ideas which, by following the normal process of human thinking, motivates the audience to respond to the speaker’s purpose

Motivated Sequence

• Attention step

• Need step

• Satisfaction step

• Visualization step

• Action step

A “Logic Tree”

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Rules for Main Points

• Main points should be stated as claims, declarative sentences

• All points should support the thesis

• A presentation should contain no more than five main points (us, 3-5)

• Each main point should contain only one idea

• Main points should be parallel to each other in structure whenever possible

Common Organizational Problems

• Taking Too Long to Get to the Point

• Putting speech content in the Intro

• Including Irrelevant Material

• Leaving Out Necessary Information

• Getting Ideas Mixed up

• Lack of practice = uncertainty of content

Functions of the Introduction (attention focusing material)

• Capture the Listeners’ Attention

• Give Your Audience a Reason to Listen

• Set the Proper Tone for the Topic and Setting

• Establish Your Qualifications

• Introduce Your Thesis and Preview Your Presentation

Types of Opening Statements (attention-focusing ideas)

• Ask a Question or Rhetorical Question• Tell a Story• Present a Quotation• Make a Startling Statement• Refer to the Audience• Refer to the Occasion• Use Humor

Orientating Material

• Historical Background

• Define Terms

• Personal History or Tie to Topic

Planning the Conclusion

• Functions of the Conclusion– The Review

– The Closing Statement

• Types of Closing Statements– Return to the Theme of Your Opening Statement

– Appeal for Action (inform vs. persuade)

– End With a Challenge

– Clincher that connects to the Intro

More Conclusion

• Humorous Story

• Rhetorical Question

• Unusual or Dramatic Device

• Quotations

• Summary

• In conclusion…& close!

• DON’T ASK FOR QUESTIONS

Adding Transitions

• Functions of Transitions

– They Promote Clarity

– They Emphasize Important Ideas

– They Keep Listeners’ Interested

• We don’t know your ‘map’ -- give us clear sign markers of where you’re going

Final Preparation...

• Plan for 10 minute speech

– Practice, record, evaluate -- realistic setting

• Minimum 2 prepared visual aids in each

• Visual / presentation aids

– Kind? How to use? (later)

– PowerPoint -- noon Wednesday deadline

• Sources and citations

– No citations in speech = failing grade on speech

Critique Speeches

• Speaker 1

• Speaker 2

Break!

• 10 minutes

Visuals

• Later...

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Making Money: The SoundExchange Problem NAB - SoundExchange Settlement

2006 - $.0008 2007 - $.0011 2008 - $.0014 2009 - $.0015 2010 - $.0016 2011 - $.0017 2012 - $.0020 2013 - $.0022 2014 - $.0023 2015 - $.0025

The SoundExchange Problem

Assuming 12 songs an hour times the aggregate tuning hours from previous months plus a growth rate.

KNDE example last month: 18,859 aggregate tuning hours

18,859*12*$0.0015=$339.46 for the SoundExchange fee