ORGANIZINGMANAGEMENT

CONTENTOrganizingPurpose of OrganizingOrganization & Organization StructureBuilding Blocks of an Organization Structure Work SpecializationDepartmentalizationChain of CommandSpan of ControlCentralization and DecentralizationFormalizationMechanistic and Organic Organizational DesignContingency FactorsTraditional Organization StructureContemporary Organization Structure

Assign tasks and responsibilities associated with individual jobs.Divides work to be done into specific jobs and departments.Coordinates diverse organizational tasks.Establishes relationships among individuals, groups and departments.Clusters jobs into units.Establishes formal lines of authorityPurpose of OrganizingAllocates and deploys organizational resources.

Characteristics of Organization

Work specialization, sometimes called adivision of labor, refers to the degree to which an organization divides individual tasks into separate jobs.

How the different jobs can be grouped together!

There are Five common forms of Departmentalization:

FunctionalGeographicalProductProcessCustomer

FUNCTIONAL DEPARTMENTALIZATION

GEOGRAPHICAL DEPARTMENTALIZATION

PRODUCT DEPARTMENTALIZATION

PROCESS DEPARTMENTALIZATION

CUSTOMER DEPARTMENTALIZATION

is a hierarchy of authority where those at the top of the organization direct and control the activities of the organizational members below them.AuthorityResponsibilityUnity of commandChain of Command

SPAN OF CONTROL refers to the number of subordinates a supervisor has.Factor Affecting Span of Control:Geographical DispersionCapability of WorkersCapability of ManagerSimilarity of TaskRequired administrative tasksNARROWWIDERWidely dispersed branchIll Capable WorkersExperience and KnowledgeHigh similarity in TasksRegular Interaction etc

HAMILTON: Average human brain finds it effective scope in handling 3 to 6 other brainsV.A.GRAICUNA: N = n [2n 1 + (n 1)]N = Relationshipsn = No. of SubordinatesLYNDALL F. URWICK: The ideal number of subordinates for all superior authorities was to be 4 and at the lowest level of organization, where, what is delegated is the responsibility for the performance of specific tasks and not for the supervision of others, the number may be 8 to 12.Approaches for Span of Control

CENTRLIZATION is the degree to which decision making takes place at upper levels of the organization. If top managers make key decisions with little input from below the organization is more centralized while more the lower end employees provide inputs or actually make decisions, the more the decentralization is.

FORMALIZATION refers to how standardized an organizations job are and the extent to which employee behavior is guided by rules and procedures. Policies (Guidelines how an activity can be performed)Rules (Code of Conduct that must be followed)Procedures (Prescribe how the tasks to be done)

MUDAS

Batch ProductionJob Shop ProductionPProduct VolumeProduct VarietyLowHighLowHighMass ProductionC