ORBIT Project Overview

www.orbit-lab.org

ORBIT Overview: Project Rationale• Wireless testbeds motivated by:

– cost & time needed to develop experimental prototypes– need for reproducible protocol evaluations– large-scale system studies (...emergent behavior)– growing importance of cross-layer protocol studies– creation of communities for wireless network research

• ORBIT: open-access multi-user facility for experimental wireless networking research– ~24/7 service facility with remote access– open interfaces for flexible layer 2,3 & cross-layer protocols– extensive measurements at PHY, MAC and Net layers– support for wide range of radio system scenarios

ORBIT co-PI’s

• WINLAB, Rutgers University – Dipankar Raychaudhuri– Max Ott– Ivan Seskar– Wade Trappe – Manish Parashar– Yanyong Zhang

• Columbia University– Henning Schulzrinne

• Princeton University– Hisashi Kobayashi

• IBM Research– Arup Acharya

• Lucent Bell Labs– Sanjoy Paul

• Thomson– Kumar Ramaswamy

Urban

300 meters

500 meters

Suburban

20 meters

ORBIT Testbed

20 meters

HallwayOffice

30 meters

Radio Mapping Algorithm

Formulation of Link SNR Mapping

STEP 1

Modeling Link SNR of Real Environments

Prototype network (AP, Ad Hoc, etc.)

Spatial distribution of terminals

Empirical/Analytical path loss model

Setting dedicated noise-like sources

Setting locations of grid nodes

Setting transmission powers of nodes

Fidelity of Grid SINR to Link SNR

STEP 2

Configuring Grid SINR

The Grid: Architecture

80 ft ( 20 nodes )

70 ft

m (

20 n

odes

)

Control switch

Data switch Application Servers

(User applications/ Delay nodes/

Mobility Controllers / Mobile Nodes)

Internet VPN Gateway / Firewall

Back-end servers

Front-endServers

Gigabit backboneVPN Gateway to

Wide-Area Testbed

SA1 SA2 SAP IS1 IS2 ISQ

RF/Spectrum Measurements Interference Sources

The Grid: Hardware

512 MBRAM

Gigabit Ethernet(control)

GigabitEthernet

(data)

AtherosminiPCI802.11a/b/g

22.1Mhz

1 Ghz

pwr/resetvolt/temp

20 GBDISK

Serial Console110

VAC

RJ11 NodeIdBox+5v standby

PowerSupply

CPUVIA

C3 1Ghz

AtherosminiPCI802.11a/b/g

BluetoothUSB

CPURabbit Semi

RCM3700

10 BaseTEthernet

(CM)

RF Interference grid

• Number of transmitter antennas providing spatial distribution of interference sources (BW = 40 MHz, f0=250 KHz – 6 GHz)

• Ideally @ each antenna linear combination of 2-8 sources (cost issue)

• Variety of interference types(W-CDMA, cdma2000, 1xEV-DO/DV, TD-SCDMA, cdmaOne, GSM/EDGE, GPRS/EGPRS, Bluetooth, GPS, enhanced multitone, NPR, AWGN, or up to 8 sec of arbitrary waveform generation)

AgilentESG

…

…AgilentESG

AgilentESG

+

Experiment Support Architecture

System

Control

Measure

Dep

loy

& C

onfig

ure

Experimenter

Results

Definition

Defining an Experiment

Experiment

Static

- Mapping nodes to prototype- Binding free properties

Dynamic

P1

Pi

Topology Application

Properties

Measurements

Test code

Prototype

App 1

Sys

Mapping Strategy

OML: Measurement Framework

Experiment Definition

Experiment.name = "tutorial-1"Experiment.project = "Orbit::Tutorial"Experiment.startMode = Experiment::REBOOT

## Define nodes used in experiment#node([2, 3], :sender) {|n|n.prototype("http://apps.orbit-lab.org/sender", {:if => Node::W0_IF,:packetSize => Experiment.parameter("packetSize"),:rate => Experiment.parameter("rate")

})}node([3, 4]) {|n|n.prototype("http://apps.orbit-lab.org/receiver", {:if => Node::W0_IF})

}

## Configure environment#node("/*/*").net.w0 {|n|n.essid = "HelloWorld"n.mode = "ad-hoc"n.channel = 1n.xmitPower = 1 ;# What is 1?n.bitrate = "11Mbps" # Force single raten.ip = "%10.0.%x.%y"

}

# Start experimentwhenReady {|e, n|p.packetSize = 1024p.rate = 250 e.sleep 5.0e.done

}

Prototype Definition

p = Prototype.create("http://apps.orbit-lab.org/sender")p.name = "Sender"p.description = "Nodes which send a stream of packets"p.addParameter(:if, "Name of interface to use", Node::W0_IF)p.addParameter(:packetSize, "Payload length of outgoing packets", 1000)p.addParameter(:rate, "Rate to send", 1000)p.addParameter(:channel, "Channel to send on", 1)p.addParameter(:useSocket, "If true use socket, otherwise use libmac for transport", true)

genny = p.addApplication(:gennySender, "http://apps.orbit-lab.org/gennySender#gennySender")genny.bindProperty(:interface_name, :if)genny.bindProperty(:rate)genny.bindProperty(:payload_length, :packetSize)genny.bindProperty(:use_socket, :useSocket)

genny.addMeasurement(:group3, Filter::SAMPLE, {Filter::SAMPLE_SIZE => 100},[["offered_load", Filter::MEAN]

])

<prototype id='http://apps.orbit-lab.org/sender'><name>Sender</name><url>http://apps.orbit-lab.org/sender</url><description>Nodes which send a stream of packets</description><parameters><parameter name='packetSize' id='packetSize'><description>Payload length of outgoing packets</description><default>1000</default>

</parameter>…

</parameters><applications><application refid='http://apps.orbit-lab.org/gennySender#gennySender'><properties><property idref='interface_name'><binding idref='if'/></property>…

</properties><measurements><measurement id='group3'><properties><property idref='uri:oml:filter:trigger'>…

</properties><metric refid='offered_load'><filter idref='uri:oml:filter:mean'/>

…

Analyzing Experiments

function nsf(dbServer, dbUser, dbPW, database);

% Part where we retrieve data from the database;mysql('open',dbServer, dbUser, dbPW);mysql('use', database);output = struct('time',[],'thr_all',[],'node',[]);[output.time, output.thr_all, output.node] = mysql('select timestamp, throughput, node_id from group2');[thru1_4, time1_4, thru3_1, time3_1] = sort_mysql(output);

% Finally, the plotting partsubplot(2,1,1); plot(time1_4, thru1_4, '-*');title('Throughput On Obstructed Link');xlabel('Time (sec)'); ylabel('Throuhput (bps)'); grid on;subplot(2,1,2); plot(time3_1, thru3_1, '-*');title('Throughput On Monitor Node'); xlabel('Time (sec)');

ylabel('Throuhput (bps)'); grid on;

Progress• Installed Production Nodes• Scaled to 64 Nodes• Added Bluetooth• Semi-automated calibration (+/- 10db)• Web site is up • Supporting “Click”• Started with external experimenter (Columbia)• Started exploring mobility & NS-2 integration• V2 of node handler & OML in beta• 5 Papers accepted

Future• Delivery of 450 nodes in December• Extend Beta testers to industry EWPs• Move into new building (???)• Explore new radios (Zigbee, Mote, GNU radio)

• Scale to 400

• Interested? Join mailing list www.orbit-lab.org/community/mailingLists

www.orbit-lab.org

Testbed System• ORBIT consists of radio grid emulator + field trial network• Emulator used for detailed protocol evaluations in reproducible

complex radio environments• Field trial network for further real-world evaluation & application

trials