Operating Systems for Wireless Mobile Devices

D r. Ta l L a v i a nh t t p : / / c s . b e r k e l e y. e d u / ~ t l a v i a n

t l a v i a n @ c s . b e r k e l e y. e d uU C B e r k e l e y E n g i n e e r i n g , C E T

We e k # 5

Why the OS matter?

2

Focus of the class today!

Operating System

Semiconductor and

Electronics

Display (Touchscreen

)

Qwerty keyboard

Materials science

3

Why is Mobile OS Different?(from a desktop operating system)

Constraint and

Restrictions on Physical

size*

Scarce availability of

battery power

Limited computing

and communicati

on capabilities

*Screen size Processing power Memory

4

What does Mobile OS do?

•Provides management of operations and control•Coordinates the use of hardware for application programs•Shares the resources of a device

http://cmer.cis.uoguelph.ca

Mobile OS Structure

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Mobile OS Features

Multitasking

Scheduling

Memory Allocation

File System

Interface

Keypad Interface

I/O Interface

Protection and

Security

Multimedia Features

http://cmer.cis.uoguelph.ca

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Mobile OS for Smartphones – Market share

46%

31%

17%

5%1%

AndroidiOSBlackberryWindows PhoneSymbian

(Source: Market Research 2011)

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Market share – most recent data

(Credit: comScore)http://www.zdnet.com/smartphone-operating-systems-the-rise-of-android-the-fall-of-windows-7000011004/

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Market share – most recent data

(source: Wikipedia Feb 2013)

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Mobile OS – Who is Number 3?

http://www.zdnet.com/smartphone-operating-systems-the-rise-of-android-the-fall-of-windows-7000011004/

The new and coming contenders for third place in 2013 will be Firefox OS, Sailfish OS, Tizen, and Ubuntu. 

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Android Mobile OS

http://cmer.cis.uoguelph.ca

Distributed under Apache License

Created by Android Inc., as part of Google in 2005

Development is Open Source; source code is

publicly available

Programmers are welcome to

contribute via Software

Development Kit (SDK)

Linux Kernel

Java-based application framework

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Android Mobile OS - Architecture

http://code.google.com/android/what-is-android.html

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Android Mobile OS – Architecture (Contd.)

• For core system services such as security, memory management, and process management.

Linux kernel

• Set of core libraries which supports Java functionality

• The Android Virtual Machine known as Dalvik VM

• Relies on the Linux kernel for underlying functionality such as threading,…

Runtime

13

Android Mobile OS – Architecture (Contd.)

• Includes a set of C/C++ libraries. These libraries are exposed to developers through the Android application framework. They include media libraries, system C libraries, surface manager, 3D libraries, SQLite and etc.

Libraries

• An access layer to the framework APIs used by the core applications.

• It allows components to be used by the developers.

Application

Framework

Source: http://code.google.com/android/what-is-android.html

14

iPhone OS

BSD File Systems

I/O systems Networking components

Based on Mach kernel and Drawin Core as Mac

OS X

http://developer.apple.com/documentation/Darwin/Conceptual/KernelProgramming/Architecture/Architecture.html

15

Mac OS X Architecture

Multitasking

Pre-emptive, i.e. act of taking the control of operating system from one task and giving it to another

task.

Real-time Strong memory protection

Each application has

4GB space

http://developer.apple.com/documentation/Darwin/Conceptual/KernelProgramming/Architecture/Architecture.html

16

Windows Mobile OS

Today’s screen shows the

current date, owner info and

upcoming appointments

Task bar shows current time and

volume

Office Mobile – a suite of office applications

(mobile version)

Outlook Mobile

Internet Explorer Mobile

Windows media player

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Types of Windows Mobile OS

•Windows Mobile Classic Devices (Pocket PC)•Windows Mobile Smartphones•Windows Mobile 2003•Windows Mobile 2003 SE•Windows Mobile 5•Windows Mobile 6•Windows Mobile 6.5.1•Windows Mobile 6.5.3•Windows Mobile 6.5.5 •Windows Phone 7

Windows Mobile 6.5 is based on Windows CE 5.2 kernel

Even screen hardware is different for different OS

Mobile professional runs with touchscreen Mobile Standard runs with regular screensMobile Classic runs with Windows Mobile Classic devices (Pocket PCs)

http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/aSGuest89856-889448-mobile-operating-system/

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BlackBerry Z10

Proprietary mobile OS based on

QNX

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BlackBerry Z10 and Q10

http://ca.blackberry.com/smartphones/blackberry-z10.html?LID=ca:bb:devices:blackberryz10:getdetails&LPOS=ca:bb:devices

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BlackBerry OS

Multi-tasking

Specialized input devices

including touchscreen

Wireless activation and

synchronization

Enterprise email and

contact with enterprise

servers

http://www.qnx.com/products/neutrino-rtos/neutrino-rtos.html

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Microsoft’s Approach to Smartphone Patent

Microsoft has approached smartphone patents from a different angle than many others

Things to keep in mind: Microsoft has many software patents that courts

could potentially deem read upon by the Android OS

Suing for patent infringement is A) costly B) no way to make friends

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Microsoft’s Approach (Contd.)

Microsoft has chosen to pursue de facto licensing arrangements in lieu of litigation

Instead of suing manufacturers of Android devices for software infringement, has agreed to not sue OEM so long as they pay royalties to Microsoft

Such deals exemplify yet another means companies have for making money from their IP

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Microsoft’s Approach (Contd.)

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Microsoft’s Approach (Contd.)

Microsoft has litigated: Motorola

Software patents for email Barnes & Noble

Android OS on Nook ebook reader Foxconn

Android OS Inventec

Android OS

Microsoft hasn’t litigated nearly as

much as some other companies.Why might that

be?

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Homework for next week

By Friday Midnight: Two blog posts on Operating Systems for Wireless Mobile

devices (3-unit students – additional two YouTube clips)

By Sunday Midnight: Two comments on this week blog posts, AND two

comments on the YouTube video clips. (3-units students, additional four comments on

YouTube video clips)