OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS for the TYPE KATC-C1 … · Each press of the HOLD/RUNDOWN push-button causes the display to briefly show the transformer-under-test secondary current to which

OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

for the

TYPE KATC-C1

AUTOMATIC TRANSFORMER COMPARATOR

Serial Number: _______

Leaflet Number 2-048 Revision A

April 2014

Knopp Incorporated 1307 – 66th Street

Emeryville, California 94608 (510) 653-1661(800) 227-1848

(510) 653-2202 (FAX)

Table of Contents 04/14 i

Table of Contents

General Information .................................................................................. 1

Specifications ............................................................................................ 2

Installation ................................................................................................ 4

Type KCTS Current Transformer Testing System ............................................... 4

Operation ................................................................................................... 6

Description of Controls ........................................................................................ 6

ON/OFF Switch .......................................................................................... 6

REFERENCE TRANSFORMER Switch ........................................................ 6

TRANSFORMER-UNDER-TEST Switch ....................................................... 6

RATIO ERROR Switch ............................................................................... 6

PHASE ERROR Switch ............................................................................... 6

50/60 Hz LEDs............................................................................................ 6

MEASURE Push-button .............................................................................. 6

HOLD/RUNDOWN Push-button ................................................................... 7

PRINT Push-button .................................................................................... 7

Operating Procedures .......................................................................................... 7

Connecting the Transformer-Under-Test .................................................. 7

Performing a Test ...................................................................................... 7

One-to-One Test ................................................................................................... 9

Display Messages ................................................................................................ 9

Freq. Counter – no Start ............................................................................ 9

Freq. Counter – no Finish ........................................................................ 10

REF. COUNTER = 0 .................................................................................. 10

ERROR COUNT>REF. COUNT .................................................................. 10

S + E*COS() > 25.00 ................................................................................. 10

WRONG POLARITY .................................................................................. 10

PHASE ANGLE > 45° ................................................................................ 10

(S+Ecos)2+(Esin)2 >625 .......................................................................... 10

A/D not low (start) ................................................................................... 10

A/D not high ............................................................................................. 10

A/D not low (end) ..................................................................................... 10

REF CURRENT TOO HIGH ....................................................................... 10

ERROR CURRENT TOO HIGH .................................................................. 11

AUTORANGING........................................................................................ 11

RUNUP ..................................................................................................... 11

MEASURE ................................................................................................ 11

HOLD/RUNDOWN ..................................................................................... 11

Table of Contents 04/14 ii

INVALID SWITCH SETTING ..................................................................... 11

SET CURRENT TO 0.00 ........................................................................... 11

XMTR not empty ...................................................................................... 11

*** (Over-range Indicators) ..................................................................... 11

Troubleshooting and Repair .................................................................... 12

Doesn't Work The First Time ............................................................................. 12

Identical Or Near Zero Results .......................................................................... 12

Inaccurate Test Current Display ....................................................................... 13

Failed or Suspect Printed Circuit Card .............................................................. 13

Printed Circuit Card Listing ............................................................................... 13

Other Features ........................................................................................ 14

Serial (RS-232C) Communications Port ............................................................. 14

Serial Port Configuration ........................................................................ 14

Serial Port Baud Rate .............................................................................. 15

Remote Commands ............................................................................................ 15

RS-232 Data Record Formats ............................................................................ 16

RATIO ERROR AND MINUTES ................................................................. 17

RATIO ERROR AND MILLIRADIANS ........................................................ 19

RATIO CORRECTION FACTOR AND MINUTES ........................................ 21

RATIO CORRECTION FACTOR AND MILLIRADIANS ............................... 23

REDUCED (TWO-LINE) PRINTOUT ........................................................... 25

TEST CURRENT OUTPUT ........................................................................ 26

Warranty .................................................................................................. 27

KATC-C1 Instructions Page 1 04/14

General Information

The Knopp Automatic Transformer Comparator (KATC-C1) is used to measure the ratio and phase

angle errors of current transformers with respect to a "standard" or "precision" transformer. This

microprocessor-based instrument automatically selects the optimum measurement range, computes

the results, and digitally displays several values, including:

the transformer ratio and phase angle errors,

the ANSI accuracy class for which the transformer qualifies,

the test current in the secondary of the precision transformer, and

the test current in the secondary of the Transformer-Under-Test.

The KATC-C1 has protective circuitry which helps prevent damage when the Transformer-Under-

Test (TUT) is improperly connected.

A serial (RS-232C) input/output port is included as a standard feature. This port can be used to

download KATC-C1 test data to a computer for data storage and/or analysis. The port can also be

used to control various functions of the KATC-C1 from a computer.

The KATC-C1 is designed to test transformers with secondaries of one or five amperes. It automati-

cally senses, and adjusts to, operation at 50 or 60 Hz.

The KATC-C1 has been designed to make testing transformers as easy and fast as possible without

sacrificing accuracy or reliability. We trust that you will find it to be a useful instrument in performing

this task.

Chapter

1


Specifications

Input Power: 120 VAC, 50/60 Hz, less than 0.2 A

Test Frequency: 50 or 60 Hz

Test Current Range: 5% to 500% of selected range (1 or 5 amperes)

Ratio Error Range: 100% to +1000% (0 to 10 Ratio Correction Factor)

Phase Error Range: 1000 to +1000 minutes

Accuracy Class Range: 0 to 100

Accuracy: ±(0.75% of reading + 1 Least Significant Digit) or

(±0.01% ratio error and ±0.3 minutes phase angle er-

ror) whichever is greater

Interlock Relay: Capable of carrying 120/240 Volts at a maximum of

10 Amperes

Burden on Reference Transformer: Less than 0.2 VA (typical)

Burden on TUT Less than 0.2 VA (typical)

Resolution:

RCF

Phase

Angle

(Minutes)

Accuracy

Class

0.0 Accuracy Class < 0.2 0.00001 0.01 0.01

0.2 Accuracy Class < 0.7 0.00001 0.1 0.01

0.7 Accuracy Class < 1.4 0.0001 0.1 0.01

1.4 Accuracy Class < 10 0.0001 1 0.01

10 Accuracy Class 0.0001 1 0.1

Chapter

2


RS-232 Serial Communications Port: 1200 or 9600 baud (user selectable)

8 Data Bits

No Parity

2 Stop Bits

Bi-directional


Installation

The KATC-C1 Comparator is designed for use as a stand-alone unit, it can be purchased as part of a

complete test system, or it can be retrofitted into existing equipment. This chapter describes installa-

tion of the KATC-C1 into various pieces of test equipment and its use in a stand-alone environment.

Type KCTS Current Transformer Testing System

Typically, the KCTS is shipped with the KATC-C1 already installed. If you are upgrading from an

older-style Knopp comparator, proceed as follows:

1. Ensure that all power is removed from the KCTS!

2. Remove the four front-panel screws which secure the existing comparator to the KCTS.

3. Slide the comparator up and out of the KCTS, laying it upside down on the top of the KCTS

to gain access to the rear panel connections. Remove the rear panel connections from the old

comparator. Make sure that all leads are labeled so that it will be easy to place them on

the new comparator.

4. Set the old comparator aside and place the KATC-C1 on top of the KCTS so that the leads can

be attached. Connect the two interlock leads to the black five-way binding posts on the rear of

the KATC-C1 (polarity is not important). Next, connect the automatic run-down leads to the

solid-state relay mounted on the rear of the KATC-C1. Connect the power cord to the rear of

the KATC-C1.

5. Some rewiring will be necessary before connecting leads to the KATC-C1 terminal strip.

Refer to Schematic Diagrams Number 10280 (originally supplied with the KCTS) and 12278

(enclosed) for guidance. Proceed as follows:

a) Connect the lead marked “U” to the U terminal on the KATC-C1.

b) Remove any connections (if present) between Ground and the chassis of the KATC.

c) The lead previously marked “E” must be separated into two leads “E” and “E-bar” (E with

a bar over it). Referring to Schematic Diagram 10280, as originally built the E lead is con-

nected to terminal S1 on the One-to-One Test Switch and to the terminal labeled “5” for

connection of the secondary of the transformer-under-test. Now refer to Schematic Num-

ber 12278 and note that terminal S1 should be connected to the E terminal on the

Chapter

3


KATC-C1 and the “5” terminal should be connected to E-bar on the KATC-C1. Ensure

that the jumper from E-bar to the red binding post (DM) remains in place. It is important

that all connections are clean and tight and that wire of sufficient gauge (#6) is used.

d) Connect the lead marked “S” to the S terminal on the KATC-C1. Double check that all

connections have been made correctly and that they are all tight.

The drawing below shows the transformer connections to be made to the terminal board on the rear

panel of the KATC-C1 if the KATC-C1 is not used as a part of a test system. This connection allows

the KATC-C1 to be used with a standard transformer and burden in a “bench-top” situation. The "AC

Supply" shown on the drawing should be controlled by a variac — so that current can be applied

gradually.

PRIPRI

SEC SEC

S E E U

Burden

KATC-C1

Terminal

Board

Demag

Terminal

(Red)

±

±

±

±

Standard

Transformer

Transformer

Under Test

AC Supply


Operation

Description of Controls

ON/OFF Switch

Controls 120 VAC power to the KATC-C1.

REFERENCE TRANSFORMER Switch

Used to configure the KATC-C1 for use with reference (precision) transformers with 1 or 5 ampere

secondaries. Do not change this switch with current applied to the KATC-C1.

TRANSFORMER-UNDER-TEST Switch

Used to configure the KATC-C1 for testing transformers with 1 or 5 ampere secondaries. Do not

change this switch with current applied to the KATC-C1.

RATIO ERROR Switch

Allows the ratio error of the transformer-under-test to be displayed in Percent Error (%E) or Ratio

Correction Factor (RCF). [%E = 100 * (RCF-1)]

PHASE ERROR Switch

Allows the phase angle error of the transformer-under-test to be displayed in Minutes (MIN) or Milli-

radians (MR). [1 Minute = 0.29089 Milliradians]

50/60 Hz LEDs

Indicate whether the KATC-C1 has detected the applied test current to be 50 or 60 Hz. If no test

current is applied, the LEDs default to 60 Hz.

MEASURE Push-button

Toggles the KATC-C1 between MEASURE and RUNUP modes.

MEASURE mode should be selected when the desired test current has been reached. Selecting

MEASURE mode causes the KATC-C1 to begin taking measurements using the optimum meas-

urement range. Measurements can be taken at any current greater than approximately 4% of the

selected transformer-under-test secondary current. Selecting MEASURE mode erases any data

previously saved by pressing the HOLD/RUNDOWN push-button.

Chapter

4


RUNUP mode causes the KATC-C1 to not take any measurements, instead the KATC-C1 selects

its highest internal error range. This mode is used while the test current is being adjusted to mini-

mize chances of damage to the comparator.

This push-button is also used to reset the KATC-C1 after an error that caused an "alarm" condition is

corrected.

HOLD/RUNDOWN Push-button

"Freezes" the displayed data so that the test current can be reduced to zero — with the test data still

available. A box ( ¦ ) is shown in the display to indicate that the displayed data is “held” and will not

change if the test current is changed. Each press of the HOLD/RUNDOWN push-button causes the

display to briefly show the transformer-under-test secondary current to which the held values apply.

After a couple of seconds the display returns to a real-time display of applied test current.

On systems with an automatic current rundown feature (such as the Knopp KCTS) pushing

HOLD/RUNDOWN also initiates rundown of the test current.

PRINT Push-button

Causes the displayed test result data, along with some heading information, to be sent to the device at-

tached to the RS-232 Serial Communications Port. Sample outputs are shown later in this manual.

Operating Procedures

Connecting the Transformer-Under-Test

If you are using the KATC-C1 without one of the Knopp Transformer Testing Systems, connect the

transformers according to the instructions for Portable Use as shown in the previous chapter. When

using the KATC-C1 with a Knopp Transformer Test System, refer to the instruction manual for your

system for transformer connection instructions.

Performing a Test

1. When power is first applied to the KATC-C1, the display will momentarily show RESET. After

this message disappears, test current is displayed and RUNUP mode is selected. Since the

KATC-C1 can be used with reference transformers and transformers-under-test with either 1 or 5

ampere secondaries, there are three different displays of test current provided to aid the operator.

The Reference Transformer secondary current is always shown as a percentage of the selected

secondary value (1 or 5 amperes). The Transformer-Under-Test secondary current is shown as

both a percentage and actual value.

2. Adjust the test current slowly to the desired value.

3. Pressing the MEASURE push-button toggles the KATC-C1 between RUNUP and MEASURE

modes.

RUNUP mode selects a high error current range on the KATC-C1 error measurement circuit.

This provides an extra measure of safety to the equipment and allows the current to be in-

creased more quickly than when the KATC-C1 is in the measure mode.


In the MEASURE mode the KATC-C1 is constantly calculating and displaying accuracy

measurements and thus does not react as quickly to large changes in current.

While we recommend using the RUNUP mode to set the test current and then pressing

MEASURE to begin taking measurements, it is possible to change the test current while in the

MEASURE mode. If this is done, it is important that the current is changed slowly so as to reduce

chances of damaging the comparator. As the test current is increased with the KATC-C1 in

MEASURE mode, the display on the KATC-C1 will occasionally go blank. This is normal and is

caused by the auto-ranging feature of the KATC-C1. Auto-ranging is what allows the KATC-C1

to provide excellent accuracy throughout the measurement range.

4. After the test data are displayed, press HOLD/RUNDOWN to "freeze" the results in the display

— then reduce the current to zero.

a) If the KATC-C1 is installed in a KCTS, the test current is automatically reduced to zero (or

near zero) upon pressing HOLD/RUNDOWN if the AUTO RUNDOWN switch (located in

the KCTS) is turned on. Refer to the KCTS Instruction Manual for more information on this

feature.

b) The HOLD status is denoted on the KATC-C1 display by the appearance of a "box" ( ¦ ) next

to the display of test current.

c) Each time the HOLD/RUNDOWN button is pressed, the current at which the displayed

results were taken is recalled to the display for a short time. The ammeter then returns to

showing the presently applied (real-time) current.

5. Record the test data, or, if you have a computer or serial printer connected to the KATC-C1

RS-232 Serial Communications Port, the data can be sent by pressing PRINT. It is also possible to

have the computer send a command to the KATC-C1 to cause it to send the test result data. See

the section entitled Remote Commands for more information.

6. Press MEASURE to clear the HOLD status and erase the test data.


One-to-One Test

The One-to-One test verifies proper operation of the KATC-C1 measurement circuitry. The

connections shown below are to be used if the KATC-C1 is not used with a Knopp Transformer Test

System, or if the KATC-C1 has been removed from a test system for troubleshooting. If the

KATC-C1 is installed in a Knopp Transformer Test System, see the instruction manual

included with that unit for information on running the One-to-One test. The "AC Supply" shown

on the drawing should be controlled by a variac — so that current can be applied gradually.

PRI

SEC

S E E U

Burden

KATC-C1

Terminal

Board

Demag

Terminal

(Red)

±

±

Standard

Transformer

AC

Supply

Display Messages

Following is a listing and description of all messages which the KATC-C1 may display. Some

descriptions include references to Printed Circuit Cards. These cards are located in the KATC-C1 card

cage. The card cage is accessed by unscrewing the two thumbscrews on the rear of the KATC-C1 and

removing the fan assembly. Each card in the card cage is identified by a numbered plastic ejector. It is

these ejectors which are referred to as a card number in the descriptions which follow.

Some of these messages are accompanied by an alarm beep from the comparator. The alarm continues

to sound until the condition which caused it is corrected and the MEASURE push-button is pressed.

When the alarm sounds, the KATC-C1 opens the interlock relay and initiates a run down of test

current (in test systems with this capability).

Freq. Counter – no Start

This message indicates that the Zero Crossing Detector on Card #4 in the KATC-C1 is not able to

detect the sinusoidal current as it passes through zero. This could be caused by a loss of signal to the

card or by a defective component on Card #4 or by problems on other PC Cards. Contact Knopp for

further diagnosis.


Freq. Counter – no Finish

This message is similar to the message above except that it indicates that the KATC-C1 was able to

start taking a measurement but was unable to complete the process.

REF. COUNTER = 0

This message indicates that zero crossings were detected but that there have not been any counts

received from the Counter Card #6. This could be caused by a defective component on Card #6 or

Card #4. Contact Knopp for further diagnosis.

ERROR COUNT>REF. COUNT

This message indicates a defective Card #6 (Counter Card). Contact Knopp for further diagnosis.

S + E*COS() > 25.00

This message indicates an internal math overflow during error calculations. This message could be

caused by a large error in the transformer-under-test when the test current is near the maximum 25

ampere capability of the KATC-C1. Reducing the current should allow the KATC-C1 to take a

measurement and indicate the large error in the transformer-under-test.

WRONG POLARITY

If the Transformer-Under-Test is connected with incorrect polarity, the display will indicate WRONG

POLARITY. Continuing to increase the current will trigger the audible alarm and result in an opening

of the KATC-C1 interlock relay.

PHASE ANGLE > 45°

This message indicates that the phase angle error of the transformer-under-test is greater than 45°. An

error of this magnitude is too large for the KATC-C1 to accurately measure.

(S+Ecos)2+(Esin)2 >625

This message indicates an internal math overflow during error calculations. This message could be

caused by a large error in the transformer-under-test when the test current is near the maximum 25

ampere capability of the KATC-C1. Reducing the current should allow the KATC-C1 to take a

measurement and indicate the large error in the transformer-under-test.

A/D not low (start)

A/D not high

A/D not low (end)

These three messages are related to a malfunction of the KATC-C1 Analog-to-Digital (A/D)

Converter. This could be caused by a failure of the ±15 VDC Analog Power Supply or by a failure of

the A/D Converter located on Card #8.

REF CURRENT TOO HIGH

This message indicates that the current in the secondary of the Reference Transformer has exceeded

the 500% limit of the KATC-C1.


ERROR CURRENT TOO HIGH

The Error Current is defined as the difference between the secondary currents of the Reference Trans-

former and the Transformer-Under-Test. If the Error Current exceeds 1.5 amperes the KATC-C1 will

display this message and attempt to remove test current by opening the interlock and initiating a run

down of test current.

AUTORANGING

This message indicates that the KATC-C1 has received an internal indication of a hardware error. The

comparator responds by displaying this message and attempting to restart the measurement cycle.

RUNUP

This message indicates that the KATC-C1 is in RUNUP mode. This mode is used when increasing the

test current prior to taking measurements. The MEASURE push-button toggles between RUNUP and

MEASURE modes.

MEASURE

This message indicates that the KATC-C1 is in MEASURE mode. This mode is used when taking

measurements. The MEASURE push-button toggles between RUNUP and MEASURE modes.

HOLD/RUNDOWN

This message indicates that the KATC-C1 is in HOLD/RUNDOWN mode but that there is no valid

data to display.

INVALID SWITCH SETTING

This message indicates that the REFERENCE TRANSFORMER switch is set to 1 ampere and the

TRANSFORMER-UNDER-TEST switch is set to 5 amperes. This combination is not valid. One of

the two switch settings must be changed in order to perform a valid test.

SET CURRENT TO 0.00

This message is displayed if the REFERENCE TRANSFORMER or TRANSFORMER-UNDER-

TEST switches were changed with test current applied. It is necessary to reduce test current to zero

prior to changing the setting of these switches.

XMTR not empty

This message indicates that the Serial (RS-232) Communications Port was not able to complete

sending the test result data. This could be caused by a defective cable connection to the receiving

device or incorrect baud rate selection on the receiving device.

*** (Over-range Indicators)

If the limits of ratio error, phase error, or accuracy class (as defined under Specifications, above) are

exceeded, over-range indicators (***) will appear in the appropriate places on the display.


Troubleshooting and Repair

Prior to initiating any repair of the KATC-C1, we encourage you to call us at one of the numbers

listed above. Quite often, after hearing a brief description of the problem, we are able to identify the

failed component and save you significant amounts of time.

Doesn't Work The First Time

If your KATC-C1 doesn't work after you have just unpacked it and applied power for the first time,

the problem is probably a bad connection resulting from shipment. Remove the rear panel and

"re-seat" all the printed circuit cards and the ribbon cables. Make sure that the cards "snap" into place.

Also check your connections to the transformer(s) and to the loading system.

Identical Or Near Zero Results

If you get near identical results for a number of transformers (or near zero errors), the Error Resistor

Card has probably been damaged. This can occur if a TUT has been connected with wrong polarity or

you have selected the wrong current range (wrong ratio). Both conditions will cause excessive error

current and, if the condition is severe enough, may defeat the protective circuitry in the KATC-C1.

Remove Card 1 and inspect it for any burned resistors or traces. The relays on this card are also

susceptible to excessive error current — but damage may not be visually evident.

Make sure that the "interlock" feature is connected to help prevent future problems.

Note that the internal KATC-C1 interlock relay is capable of carrying a maximum of 120 or 240

Volts at 10 Amperes. If this relay is being used to interrupt the main supply of a current source, it

may be necessary to use the KATC-C1 interlock relay to control a larger “contactor” type relay in

order to minimize the voltage and/or current passed through the KATC-C1 interlock relay.

Chapter

5

You Can Contact Knopp At:

(800) 227-1848 or

(510) 653-1661


Inaccurate Test Current Display

If the display of the Reference Test Current seems to be inaccurate, connect an AC ammeter between

the rear panel "S" terminal and the lead connected to that terminal. Then adjust R9 on Card 2

[accessed through the rear panel] inside the KATC-C1 until the display of Reference Test Current

agrees with the ammeter.

If the display of TUT Test Current (Amps or %) needs to be adjusted, this is an indication that the

entire KATC-C1 is in need of re-calibration. Contact Knopp at the above number to schedule return of

the instrument.

Failed or Suspect Printed Circuit Card

If it is suspected that a component on a printed circuit card has failed, we offer Next Day shipment of

a replacement card. This eliminates the need to troubleshoot the failure down to a particular compo-

nent on a card. While the KATC-C1 is under warranty, the card exchange is performed for no charge.

After the warranty has expired there is a flat charge for the card exchange. Once the new card has

been received and installed, the defective card is returned to Knopp. This method of troubleshooting

allows you to minimize your time spent in diagnosing and repairing individual cards. The following

section provides a reference for the various printed circuit cards.

Printed Circuit Card Listing

The KATC-C1 contains nine printed circuit cards. These cards are accessed through the rear door/fan

assembly of the KATC-C1. A listing of the cards and their corresponding positions in the card cage

follows.

Card #1 – Error Resistor Card

#2 – Standard Amplifier Card

#3 – Error Amplifier Card

#4 – Zero Crossing Card

#5 – Rectifier Card

#6 – Counter Card

#7 – Input/Output Card

#8 – Analog-to-Digital Converter Card

#9 – Microprocessor Card


Other Features

Serial (RS-232C) Communications Port

The Knopp KATC-C1 Automatic Transformer Comparator includes a standard RS-232 Serial

Communications Port. This port can be used to send "Remote Commands" to the KATC-C1 from an

external computer. The port can also be used to transfer test result data from the KATC-C1 to the

computer. This chapter describes:

how to configure the port and your computer to establish communication,

remote commands which can be sent from the computer to the KATC-C1, and

the data output which is sent from the KATC-C1 to your computer.

Serial Port Configuration

The KATC-C1 Serial Port is configured as a "Data Set." This means that the KATC-C1 should be

directly connected to your computer through a standard RS-232 cable. A null modem is not required.

Pins used by the KATC-C1 are:

pin 2 ................. transmitted data (TD)

pin 4 ................. request to send (RTS)

pin 5 ................. clear to send (CTS)

pin 6 ................. data set ready (DSR)

pin 7 ................. signal ground (GND)

pin 8 ................. carrier detect (CD)

pin 20 ............... data terminal ready (DTR)

Under normal operation (the KATC-C1 is not trying to send data and is assuming Data Set configura-

tion), the TD, DSR, and CD lines (pins 2, 6, and 8, respectively) are always high (approximately +5

DC volts when compared to pin 7), and the CTS line (pin 5) is low (approximately -15 volts to pin 7).

When printing is attempted, the KATC-C1 will raise the CTS line and look for high DTR and RTS

before it starts transmitting data. The KATC-C1 will check both of these lines before it sends each

byte of data. If the KATC-C1 does not detect BOTH of these signals high within approximately one

second, the transmission attempt is aborted. At the end of a successful transmission (or an aborted

attempt) the signal lines will be returned to their normal states (TD, DSR, and CD high; CTS low).

Chapter

6


Serial Port Baud Rate

The Serial Port is set to communicate at 9600 baud. Other communication parameters are: eight (8)

data bits, no parity, and two stop bits.

Remote Commands

For true remote operation, your computer can send commands to the KATC-C1. These commands

can cause the KATC-C1 to perform various functions including: run-down of the test current, initiate

a measurement, transfer of test result data to the computer, and a quick transfer of test current to the

computer.

The commands consist of four (4) bytes of ASCII data and are formatted as follows:

<any character><Z><command character><CR> where,

<any character> indicates that any ASCII character may be used to start the command,

<Z> indicates that the second character of the command must be a "Z" (5A

hex),

<command character> indicates the desired command (taken from the following list),

<CR> indicates a carriage return (0/D hex) and specifies the end of the com-

mand.

Following is a list of commands which can be sent to the KATC-C1 from a remote computer.

Command Character Description

H This command is the same as pressing the Hold/Rundown push-

button. It causes the KATC-C1 to hold the test results in the display

and initiate a rundown of test current (if the KATC-C1 rundown out-

put is connected to a motorized variac — as in the Type KCTS Test

System).

M This command is the same as pressing the Measure push-button. It

causes the KATC-C1 to begin taking measurements. It is usually used

at the start of a test or after a Hold or Print command has been issued.

P This command is the same as pressing the Print push-button. It causes

the KATC-C1 to send a copy of the displayed test data to the computer

through the serial port. This command sends a full copy of test data in-

cluding heading information, as shown in the next section.


R This command causes the KATC-C1 to send a reduced printout

through the serial port. The reduced printout contains only test result

data, no heading information is included. This is done to speed the

transfer of data from the KATC-C1 to the computer. An example of

this printout is also included in the next section.

T This command causes the KATC-C1 to send the present transformer-

under-test secondary test current value to the computer through the se-

rial port. The format of this data is shown in the next section. This

function is useful if the KATC-C1 is used in an automatic test system.

This output can be monitored and used to ensure that the equipment

has set the test current to the proper level.

RS-232 Data Record Formats

There are four possible data record outputs for the KATC-C1:

Ratio Error and Minutes,

Ratio Error and Milliradians,

Ratio Correction Factor and Minutes, and

Ratio Correction Factor and Milliradians.

In addition, the KATC-C1 has two other printouts (reduced printout and test current output), described

in the preceding section. The format of these printouts are provided here, as well.

Data files of KATC-C1 data are written in ASCII format and can be printed as ASCII files. They will

appear in the same formats as the examples shown later in this document. Each record of data will be

stored as one long string of bytes. Thus, to locate a particular field of data, you must know in which

byte it begins. The record layouts given here show the exact byte locations for the data fields in each

of the four records and the two special printouts described above.

All test data records are of fixed format. Each record is 382 bytes in length.

In the record layouts, the data fields are delimited by a double line ( º ). The first byte of each field is

indicated by the byte position above it.

Also in the record layouts:

* = {CR} CARRIAGE RETURN (hexadecimal 0D)

# = {LF} LINE FEED (hexadecimal 0A)

X = place holder indicating possible positions for data

± = floating plus/minus indicator

The following pages provide layouts for all possible KATC-C1 outputs. Each layout shows the

printout which is obtained when the Print key is pressed, and an individual byte-wise description of

the printouts.


RATIO ERROR AND MINUTES

ASCII format:

{CR}{LF}

{CR}{LF}

CT TEST; REF. TRANSFORMER SEC.: X AMPS; FREQUENCY: XX HZ. {CR}{LF}

{CR}{LF}

REF. TUT TUT {CR}{LF}

TEST TEST TEST RATIO PHASE ACCURACY {CR}{LF}

CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT ERROR ERROR CLASS {CR}{LF}

(%) (%) (AMPS) (%) (MINUTES) (%) {CR}{LF}

XXX.X XXX.X XX.XX ±XXX.XXX ±XXX.XX XX.XX {CR}{LF}

{CR}{LF}

{CR}{LF}

Record layout:

1

+-------+

¦*¦#¦*¦#¦

+-------+

6 38 57

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

¦ ¦C¦T¦ ¦T¦E¦S¦T¦;¦ ¦R¦E¦F¦.¦ ¦T¦R¦A¦N¦S¦F¦O¦R¦M¦E¦R¦ ¦S¦E¦C¦.¦:¦ ¦X¦ ¦A¦M¦P¦S¦;¦ ¦F¦R¦E¦Q¦U¦E¦N¦C¦Y¦:¦ ¦X¦X¦ ¦H¦Z¦.¦ ¦

¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

67

+---+

¦*¦#¦

+---+

69

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

¦ ¦ ¦R¦E¦F¦.¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦T¦U¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦T¦U¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦

¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

131

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

¦ ¦ ¦T¦E¦S¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦T¦E¦S¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦T¦E¦S¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦R¦A¦T¦I¦O¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦P¦H¦A¦S¦E¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦A¦C¦C¦U¦R¦A¦C¦Y¦

¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

193

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

¦ ¦C¦U¦R¦R¦E¦N¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦C¦U¦R¦R¦E¦N¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦C¦U¦R¦R¦E¦N¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦E¦R¦R¦O¦R¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦E¦R¦R¦O¦R¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦C¦L¦A¦S¦S¦ ¦

¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

255 285 294

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(¦%¦)¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(¦%¦)¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(¦A¦M¦P¦S¦)¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(¦%¦)¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(¦M¦I¦N¦U¦T¦E¦S¦)¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(¦%¦)¦ ¦ ¦

¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

319 329 339 346 358 370

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

¦ ¦ ¦X¦X¦X¦.¦X¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦X¦X¦X¦.¦X¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦X¦X¦.¦X¦X¦ ¦ ¦±¦X¦X¦X¦.¦X¦X¦X¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦±¦X¦X¦X¦.¦X¦X¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦X¦X¦.¦X¦X¦ ¦

¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

379


+-------+

¦*¦#¦*¦#¦

+-------+

Notes: When the TUT Test Current Switch is set to 1 ampere, the decimal point for the TUT TEST

CURRENT (AMPS) printout is shifted one digit to the left (X.XXX).


RATIO ERROR AND MILLIRADIANS

ASCII format:

{CR}{LF}

{CR}{LF}


{CR}{LF}



CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT ERROR ERROR CLASS {CR}{LF}

(%) (%) (AMPS) (%) (MILLIRAD.) (%) {CR}{LF}


{CR}{LF}

{CR}{LF}

Record layout:

1

+-------+

¦*¦#¦*¦#¦

+-------+

6 38 57

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+


¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

67

+---+

¦*¦#¦

+---+

69

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

¦ ¦ ¦R¦E¦F¦.¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦T¦U¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦T¦U¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦

¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

131

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+


¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

193

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

¦ ¦C¦U¦R¦R¦E¦N¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦C¦U¦R¦R¦E¦N¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦C¦U¦R¦R¦E¦N¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦E¦R¦R¦O¦R¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦E¦R¦R¦O¦R¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦C¦L¦A¦S¦S¦ ¦

¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

255 285 294

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(¦%¦)¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(¦%¦)¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(¦A¦M¦P¦S¦)¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(¦%¦)¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(¦M¦I¦L¦L¦I¦R¦A¦D¦.¦)¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(¦%¦)¦ ¦ ¦

¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

319 329 339 346 358 370

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+


¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

379


+-------+

¦*¦#¦*¦#¦

+-------+




RATIO CORRECTION FACTOR AND MINUTES

ASCII format:

{CR}{LF}

{CR}{LF}


{CR}{LF}



CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT CORR. ERROR CLASS {CR}{LF}

(%) (%) (AMPS) FACTOR (MINUTES) (%) {CR}{LF}

XXX.X XXX.X XX.XX X.XXXXX ±XXX.XX XX.XX {CR}{LF}

{CR}{LF}

{CR}{LF}

Record layout:

1

+-------+

¦*¦#¦*¦#¦

+-------+

6 38 57

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+


¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

67

+---+

¦*¦#¦

+---+

69

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

¦ ¦ ¦R¦E¦F¦.¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦T¦U¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦T¦U¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦

¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

131

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+


¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

193

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

¦ ¦C¦U¦R¦R¦E¦N¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦C¦U¦R¦R¦E¦N¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦C¦U¦R¦R¦E¦N¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦C¦O¦R¦R¦.¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦E¦R¦R¦O¦R¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦C¦L¦A¦S¦S¦ ¦

¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

255 285 294

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(¦%¦)¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(¦%¦)¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(¦A¦M¦P¦S¦)¦ ¦ ¦F¦A¦C¦T¦O¦R¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(¦M¦I¦N¦U¦T¦E¦S¦)¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(¦%¦)¦ ¦ ¦

¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

319 329 339 347 358 370

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

¦ ¦ ¦X¦X¦X¦.¦X¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦X¦X¦X¦.¦X¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦X¦X¦.¦X¦X¦ ¦ ¦ ¦X¦.¦X¦X¦X¦X¦X¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦±¦X¦X¦X¦.¦X¦X¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦X¦X¦.¦X¦X¦ ¦

¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

379


+-------+

¦*¦#¦*¦#¦

+-------+




RATIO CORRECTION FACTOR AND MILLIRADIANS

ASCII format:

{CR}{LF}

{CR}{LF}


{CR}{LF}



CURRENT CURRENT CURRENT CORR. ERROR CLASS {CR}{LF}

(%) (%) (AMPS) FACTOR (MILLIRAD.) (%) {CR}{LF}

XXX.X XXX.X XX.XX X.XXXXX ±XXX.XX XX.XX {CR}{LF}

{CR}{LF}

{CR}{LF}

Record layout:

1

+-------+

¦*¦#¦*¦#¦

+-------+

6 38 57

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+


¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

67

+---+

¦*¦#¦

+---+

69

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

¦ ¦ ¦R¦E¦F¦.¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦T¦U¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦T¦U¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦

¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

131

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+


¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

193

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

¦ ¦C¦U¦R¦R¦E¦N¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦C¦U¦R¦R¦E¦N¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦C¦U¦R¦R¦E¦N¦T¦ ¦ ¦ ¦C¦O¦R¦R¦.¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦E¦R¦R¦O¦R¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦C¦L¦A¦S¦S¦ ¦

¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

255 285 294

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(¦%¦)¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(¦%¦)¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(¦A¦M¦P¦S¦)¦ ¦ ¦F¦A¦C¦T¦O¦R¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(¦M¦I¦L¦L¦I¦R¦A¦D¦.¦)¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦(¦%¦)¦ ¦ ¦

¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

319 329 339 347 358 370

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

¦ ¦ ¦X¦X¦X¦.¦X¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦X¦X¦X¦.¦X¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦X¦X¦.¦X¦X¦ ¦ ¦ ¦X¦.¦X¦X¦X¦X¦X¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦±¦X¦X¦X¦.¦X¦X¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦X¦X¦.¦X¦X¦ ¦

¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

379


+-------+

¦*¦#¦*¦#¦

+-------+




REDUCED (TWO-LINE) PRINTOUT

This section describes the reduced printout which is available by sending the KATC-C1 the reduced

printout command from a computer. This command is described in a preceding section. The purpose

of the command is to minimize time required to obtain test result data from the KATC-C1. No

heading information or descriptive wording is included in this printout.

ASCII format:

{CR}{LF}



{CR}{LF}

Record layout:

1

+---+

¦*¦#¦

+---+

4 36 55

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+


¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

67 77 87 94 106 118

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+


¦*¦#¦

+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

+

127

+---+

¦*¦#¦

+---+



The entry shown for transformer-under-test ratio error will vary depending on whether Ratio

Error (shown above) or Ratio Correction Factor (X.XXXXX) is selected on the KATC-C1

front panel.


TEST CURRENT OUTPUT

This section describes the test current output, which is available by sending the KATC-C1 the test

current command from a computer. This command is described in a preceding section. The purpose of

the command is to allow use of the KATC-C1 in an automated environment. In such an environment

it may be useful to know the present value of the transformer-under-test secondary current as an aid in

automatically adjusting the test current to the desired value.

ASCII format:

{CR}{LF}

XX.XX{CR}{LF}

{CR}{LF}

Record layout:

1

+---+

¦*¦#¦

+---+

3

+-------------+

¦X¦X¦.¦X¦X¦*¦#¦

+-------------+

10

+---+

¦*¦#¦

+---+

Notes: When the TUT Test Current Switch is set to 1 ampere, the decimal point is shifted one digit to

the left (X.XXX).


Warranty

The Knopp Type KATC-C1 Automatic Transformer Comparator is warranted against defects in

materials and workmanship for a period of ONE YEAR.

If the KATC-C1 does not perform in accordance with stated operating specifications during the

warranty period, necessary parts and assistance will be supplied under warranty to restore the

equipment to service.

Normal service is accomplished through telephone consultation with the Knopp Engineering

Department.

Parts are shipped by overnight carrier.

Chapter

7

I N D E X

KATC-C1 Instructions 04/14

*

*** (Over-range Indicators) .............................................. 11

A

Accuracy ............................................................................. 2

Accuracy Class ................................................................... 2

AUTORANGING ............................................................. 11

B

Baud Rate

Serial Port .................................................................... 15

Burden

Reference Transformer .................................................. 2

TUT ............................................................................... 2

C

commands

remote .......................................................................... 15

Configuration

Serial Port .................................................................... 14

D

Data Record Formats ........................................................ 16

display

Inaccurate Test Current ............................................... 13

Display Messages ............................................................... 9

E

ERROR CURRENT TOO HIGH ..................................... 10

F

Features

Other ............................................................................ 14

Frequency ........................................................................... 2

H

HOLD/RUNDOWN ......................................................... 11

I

Identical Or Near Zero Results ......................................... 12

Input Power ........................................................................ 2

Installation .......................................................................... 4

interlock ........................................................................... 12

Interlock ............................................................................. 2

INVALID SWITCH SETTING ....................................... 11

K

KCTS ................................................................................. 4

M

MEASURE ....................................................................... 11

modes

Measure ......................................................................... 7

Run-Up ......................................................................... 7

O

Operation ............................................................................ 6

OUTPUT

Test Current ................................................................ 23

P

Phase Error ......................................................................... 2

Portable Use ....................................................................... 5

Printed Circuit Card Listing ............................................. 13

PRINTOUT

Reduced (Two Line) ................................................... 22

protective circuitry ............................................................. 1

push-button

Measure ......................................................................... 7

Push-button

Hold/Rundown .............................................................. 7

Measure ......................................................................... 6

Print .............................................................................. 7

R

Ratio Error.......................................................................... 2

REF CURRENT TOO HIGH ........................................... 10

Remote Commands ........................................................ 15

repair ................................................................................ 12

Resolution .......................................................................... 2

RS-232 Serial Communications Port .............................. 3, 8

RUNUP ............................................................................ 11

I N D E X

KATC-C1 Instructions 04/14

S

Serial (RS-232) Communications Port

XMTR not empty ........................................................ 11

Serial (RS-232C) Communications Port ........................... 14

serial (RS-232C) input/output port ..................................... 1

SET CURRENT TO 0.00 ................................................. 11

Switch

ON/OFF ......................................................................... 6

Ratio Error ..................................................................... 6

Reference Transformer .................................................. 6

Transformer-Under-Test ................................................ 6

T

test

One-to-One .................................................................... 9

Test

Performing .................................................................... 7

test current

adjust slowly ................................................................. 7

Test Current ........................................................................ 2

Transformer-Under-Test

Connecting .................................................................... 7

Troubleshooting and Repair ............................................. 12

W

Warranty........................................................................... 24

WRONG POLARITY ...................................................... 10

X

XMTR not empty ............................................................. 11

Documents

OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS for the TYPE KATC-C1 … · Each press of the HOLD/RUNDOWN push-button causes the display to briefly show the transformer-under-test secondary current to which