OpenInsight V2N2-Dialogica p83

7/17/2019 OpenInsight V2N2-Dialogica p83

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/openinsight-v2n2-dialogica-p83 1/31

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Montserrat Salomón Ferrer

Universidad Panamericana

[email protected]

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Palabras clave: Rawls, Daniels, Sen, Justicia, Igualdad.



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Keywords: Rawls, Daniels, Sen, Justice, Equality.

Algunos límites al primer principio de la justicia en la Teoría de la justicia de J. Rawls




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Parto de ellos y me concentro en las consecuencias que se siguen para los conceptos

de igualdad y libertad.





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desde la posición de igual ciudadanía. Esta posición se define por los derechos y li-

oportunidades. Cuando los dos principios se satisfacen, todos son ciudadanos iguales



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sencillo puesto que su meta es darle prioridad a la libertad para -

demasiado pobre, ignorante o débil para hacer uso de sus derechos, la libertad que és-

tos le confieren no significa nada para él, pero no por ello es aniquilada dicha libertad.

de dar las oportunidades necesarias para el desarrollo de las artes y de las ciencias y de

impedir desigualdades arbitrarias y tácticas políticas, sociales y legales reaccionarias,

no se hace menos estricta porque no vaya dirigida necesariamente a la promoción de

posible que sea valioso tenerla, o al establecimiento de valores que puede que sean



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“El sentido ‘positivo’ de la palabra ‘libertad’ se deriva del deseo por parte del indi-

viduo de ser su propio dueño. Quiero que mi vida y mis decisiones dependan de mí

mismo, y no de fuerzas exteriores, sean éstas del tipo que sean. […] Quiero ser alguien,

ser movido por la naturaleza exterior o por otros hombres como si fuera una cosa, un

medios propios y realizarlos […] Yo me siento libre en la medida en que creo que esto

es verdad y me siento esclavizado en la medida en que me hacen darme cuenta de que





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ral de las personas. Parece que algunos tipos de discapacidad mental podrían poner

en entredicho la capacidad de autonomía de los enfermos. Como sabemos, el pater-

nalismo en Rawls se considera una situación temporal. En los casos en los que la dis-



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personas. Sin embargo, este problema no parece preocupar demasiado a Rawls, pues-

ya, brevemente, la de los niños, en relación con el paternalismo. El problema de los que

han perdido su capacidad, temporalmente, a causa de una desgracia, un accidente o

una tensión intelectual, puede ser considerado de modo similar. Pero los que se ven

privados más o menos permanentemente, de personalidad moral, pueden presentar





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OpenInsight V2N2-Dialogica p83