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one side slope ppt
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2007 PICE NATIONAL CONVENTION
1
ONE-SIDE SLOPE ROAD: Alternative Scheme to Cut Cost
in Urban Road Projects
HENRY P. TURALDECollege of Engineering
Camarines Sur Polytechnic CollegesEmail: [email protected]
Quotable Quotes
2007 PICE NATIONAL CONVENTION
2
“A man’s judgment is no better than his information”
- Bits and Pieces
Outline of the presentation
2007 PICE NATIONAL CONVENTION
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Introduction The Typical Cross-section
Common Scheme : Cross Slope Alternative Scheme: One Side
Slope Designing the Storm Water Drainage
Using Box Culvert Using Pipe Culvert
Highlights on the Differences of the Common and Alternative Schemes
Conclusion
Introduction
2007 PICE NATIONAL CONVENTION
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Land transportation Principal means of
transporting persons and goods
Road’s crucial role in economic development
Roads as priority infrastructure
Introduction
2007 PICE NATIONAL CONVENTION
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THE PROBLEMCost – major
constraint in construction of road projects Materials Labor Equipments
Introduction
2007 PICE NATIONAL CONVENTION
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Cost reduction considerations, one or combination as appropriate: Do away with non-essentials Eliminate duplicates Rid off redundant Reduce items of works Combine similar works Others
The Typical Cross Section
2007 PICE NATIONAL CONVENTION
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slope slopeslope
slope
carriageway
drainage drainage
sidewalk sidewalk
Common Scheme:
Two-side slope or cross-slope
two drainage lines
The Typical Cross Section
2007 PICE NATIONAL CONVENTION
8
slope slopeslope
slope
carriageway
drainage drainage
sidewalk sidewalk
Common Scheme:
Two-side slope or cross-slope
two drainage lines
The Typical Cross Section
2007 PICE NATIONAL CONVENTION
9
slope
slope
slope
carriageway
drainage
sidewalksidewalk
Alternative Scheme:
One-side slope
one drainage line
(bigger)
Designing the Road’s Storm-Water Drainage
2007 PICE NATIONAL CONVENTION
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where: Q = run-off rate C = coefficient of run-off I = average rainfall intensity Ad = drainage area
AdCIQ SRnv 21
32
)1(
where: v = flow velocity n = Manning’s roughness
coefficient S = slope R = hydraulic radius
)1( nQ Ac SR 2
13
2
where: Ac = cross-sectional area of flow
Designing the Road’s Storm-Water Drainage
2007 PICE NATIONAL CONVENTION
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Ac = 0.7653 D2
P = 2.639 DR = Ac/P = 0.7653D2/2.639D = 0.29D
Ac = bd = 2d2 P = 2d + b = 2d + 2d = 4dR = Ac / P = 2d2 / 4d = ½ d
Using Box Culvert: Using Pipe:
Designing the Road’s Storm-Water Drainage
2007 PICE NATIONAL CONVENTION
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Illustrative Example ApplicationGiven:
Length of the Road = 1000 m Width of the 2-lane road = 7 m
(consider 20 m including sidewalk, planting strip and other)
Distance between manholes = 50 m Coefficient of run-off = 0.85 Rainfall intensity = 224 mm/hr = 0.0622 mm/sec Roughness coefficient = 0.013 Slope = 0.005
Dimension of drainage linesUsing box culverts
13
Sta. up to Drain. AreaUse 2 culverts w/ dimension
(mm)Use 1 culvert w/ dimension
(mm)
km m2 b d b d
0 + 050 1,000 500 500 600 500
0 + 100 2,000 600 500 700 500
0 + 150 3,000 600 500 700 500
0 + 200 4,000 700 500 800 500
0 + 250 5,000 700 500 800 500
0 + 300 6,000 700 500 800 500
0 + 350 7,000 750 500 800 500
0 + 400 8,000 750 500 900 600
0 + 450 9,000 750 500 900 600
0 + 500 10,000 800 500 900 600
0 + 550 11,000 800 500 900 600
0 + 600 12,000 800 500 900 600
0 + 650 13,000 800 500 900 600
0 + 700 14,000 800 500 1,000 600
0 + 750 15,000 850 500 1,000 600
0 + 800 16,000 850 500 1,000 600
0 + 850 17,000 850 500 1,000 600
0 + 900 18,000 850 500 1,000 600
0 + 950 19,000 900 500 1,000 600
1 + 000 20,000 900 500 1,000 600
Using box culverts
Typical detail of box culvert excavation
O.D. + 0.6m
14
Dimension of drainage linesusing pipes
15Sta. up to Half-Q Diameter Use 2 pipes Full- Q Diameter Use 1 pipe
km m3/sec mm mm m3/sec mm mm
0 + 050 0.026 204 200 0.053 265 300
0 + 100 0.053 265 300 0.106 344 400
0 + 150 0.079 271 300 0.159 351 400
0 + 200 0.106 344 400 0.212 446 500
0 + 250 0.132 374 400 0.264 485 500
0 + 300 0.159 400 400 0.317 519 600
0 + 350 0.185 424 500 0.370 550 600
0 + 400 0.212 446 500 0.423 578 600
0 + 450 0.238 466 500 0.476 604 600
0 + 500 0.264 485 500 0.529 629 700
0 + 550 0.291 502 500 0.582 652 700
0 + 600 0.317 519 600 0.635 673 700
0 + 650 0.344 535 600 0.688 694 700
0 + 700 0.370 550 600 0.740 713 800
0 + 750 0.397 564 600 0.793 732 800
0 + 800 0.423 578 600 0.846 750 800
0 + 850 0.450 591 600 0.899 767 800
0 + 900 0.476 604 600 0.952 784 800
0 + 950 0.502 617 700 1.005 800 800
1 + 000 0.529 629 700 1.058 815 900
Using pipes
Typical detail of pipe culvert excavation
OD + 0.6m
16
Benefits of the Alternative Scheme
2007 PICE NATIONAL CONVENTION
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slope
slope
slope
carriagewaysidewalksidewalk
Typical Cross-Section
One-Side Slope Road
Summary Comparison Quantities of drainage works
18
No. of Manholes = 2 [(1000/50) + 1] = 42
No. of Manholes = (1000/50) + 1 = 21
Manholes reduced = 42 -21 = 21 (50%)
For cross-slope:
For one-side slope:
2007 PICE NATIONAL CONVENTION
Benefits of the Alternative Schemeusing box culvert
2007 PICE NATIONAL CONVENTION
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slope
slope
slope
carriageway
drainage
sidewalksidewalk
Typical Cross-Section
One-Side Slope Road
Summary Comparison Quantities of drainage works
20
USING BOX CULVERTS
2007 PICE NATIONAL CONVENTION
Excavation (m3) Backfill (m3) Concrete (m3) Steel (kg)
Cross-slope 4,322.50 2,622.50 937.50 84,375.00
One-side slope 2,493.13 1,428.25 562.88 50,658.75
Qty. Reduced 1,829.37 1,194.25 374.62 33,716.25
Reduced (%) 42.32% 45.54% 39.96% 39.96%
Benefits of the Alternative Schemeusing pipes
2007 PICE NATIONAL CONVENTION
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slope
slope
slope
carriageway
drainage
sidewalksidewalk
Typical Cross-Section
One-Side Slope Road
Summary Comparison Quantities of drainage works
22
USING PIPES
2007 PICE NATIONAL CONVENTION
Excavation (m3) Backfill (m3)
Cross-slope 2,256.00 1,827.96
One-side slope 1,463.00 1,111.14
Quantity reduced 793.00 716.82
Reduced (%) 35.15% 39.21%
23
Diameter Cross-slope One-side Slope Reduction
(mm) Length (m) Length (m) Length (m) %200 100 - 100 100.00%300 200 50 150 75.00%400 300 100 200 66.67%500 500 100 400 80.00%600 700 200 500 71.43%
700 200 200 0 0.00%
800 - 300(300
addition) -
900 - 50 (50 addition) -Total 2000 1000 1000 -
Summary Comparison Quantities of drainage works
USING PIPES
2007 PICE NATIONAL CONVENTION
CONCLUSION
2007 PICE NATIONAL CONVENTION
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One-side slope road as alternative scheme cuts down urban road project construction costs due to reduction of quantities of drainage works Excavation Backfill Manholes Conveyance materials
One-side slope road shortens project execution period Particularly underground works require extra
care Savings derived through this alternative scheme
Eventually be used to build other roads
Point to Ponder
2007 PICE NATIONAL CONVENTION
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In time of scarcity, option is a luxury.