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OhiO ShaleQuarterly economic trends for ohio oil and Gas industries
april 2018
CONTENTSA Message from Director Dungey ............................... 2
Executive Summary ...................................................... 3
Background Information .............................................. 4Data Sources ............................................................... 4Data Limitations ......................................................... 4Snapshot of Ohio’s Economy .................................... 5Mining and Logging Jobs vs. Total Jobs in Ohio ... 5
Statewide Shale-Related Industries ............................ 6
JobsOhio Network Regions .......................................... 7
Regional Shale-Related Industries .............................. 8
Wages for Ohio Shale-Related Core and Ancillary Industries ........................................................................ 9
Ohio Shale-Related Online Job Postings ................... 10
Well Activity Status ...................................................... 11
Key Occupations in Core Shale-Related Industries .. 12 In-Demand Shale-Related Occupations ..................... 13 Statewide Shale-Related Employment Data ............. 14
JobsOhio Network Shale-Related Employment ....... 15
County Unemployment Rates in March 2018 ........... 16
County Unemployment Rates in March 2017 ........... 17
Definitions ..................................................................... 18
2
A Message from Director Dungey
Ohio is fortunate to have a natural resource that can provide good jobs for families and reinvigorate many of our communities, especially those in the eastern part of the state. As you’ll see in the pages that follow, core shale-related employment, which includes such things as oil and gas pipeline construction and well drilling, increased 177.5 percent from the third quarter of 2011 to the third quarter of 2017. Ancillary employment – for example, freight trucking and environmental consulting – also increased. We expect non-shale industries, such as food and retail businesses near drilling sites and the surrounding communities, to benefit from shale activity, as well.
The average wages of shale-related jobs are excellent: $96,058 in core industries and $67,187 in ancillary industries. In both cases, this is higher than the average wage in all Ohio industries: $48,765.
At the Ohio Department of Job and Family Services (ODJFS), we have been working hard to help more Ohioans take advantage of these opportunities. We’ve been working closely with local workforce investment areas, community colleges, other post-secondary educational institutions, and employers to identify the occupations most in need of workers and to make sure that appropriate training programs are in place. In any given month, thousands of shale-related job openings are posted online, at OhioMeansJobs.com. The Ohio Department of Higher Education also provides an overview of shale-related employment opportunities and information about education and training at OhioEnergyPathways.org.
Individuals can sign up for on-the-job training opportunities at any of the state’s local OhioMeansJobs centers, which provide job training and other services to Ohioans looking for work and employers looking for workers. Individuals can post their resumes, and employers can post job openings at OhioMeansJobs.com.
We encourage any Ohioans in need of work or who may be considering new careers to explore these opportunities. We’re committed to improving the well-being of Ohio’s workforce and families, and are excited about the potential shale holds to make a difference in so many families’ lives.
Cynthia C. Dungey, Director Ohio Department of Job and Family Services
3
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Wages (2016 Q4 through 2017 Q3) See page 9.• The four-quarter average wage across all industries was $48,765.
• The four-quarter average wage in core shale-related industries was $96,058, which was $47,293 greater than the average for all industries.
• The four-quarter average wage in ancillary shale-related industries was $67,187, which was $18,422 higher than the average for all industries.
Online Job Postings (2017 Q4) See page 10.• Ohio had 3,289 online job postings in core and ancillary shale-related industries in 2017 Q4.
Stable Employment, All Hires and Separations (2011 Q1 to 2017 Q1) See page 14.• Stable jobs, those present at the beginning and end of a quarter, increased in three core shale-related
industries: support activities for mining, utility system construction, and pipeline transportation of natural gas.
13,000
13,200
13,400
13,600
13,800
14,000
14,200
14,400
2011Q3
2012Q3
2013Q3
2014Q3
2015Q3
2016Q3
2017Q3
13,560 13,531 13,56913,712
13,89514,017
14,168
Shale-Related Establishments by Year
160,000
170,000
180,000
190,000
200,000
210,000
220,000
2011Q3
2012Q3
2013Q3
2014Q3
2015Q3
2016Q3
2017Q3
181,293 183,500189,753
197,656 199,188195,106
209,415
Shale-Related Employment by YearEmployment (2011 Q3 to 2017 Q3) See page 6. • Core shale-related industry employment (such as
pipeline construction and well drilling) was up by 12,940 (177.5 percent).
• Ancillary shale-related industry employment (such as freight trucking and environmental consulting) increased by 15,182 (8.7 percent).
• All industry employment was up by 379,892 (7.6 percent).
Business Establishments (2011 Q3 to 2017 Q3) See page 6.• Core shale-related business establishments increased
by 200 (32.8 percent).
• Ancillary shale-related establishments increased by 408 (3.2 percent).
• Over the same time period, Ohio experienced an increase of 7,720 (2.7 percent) business establishments in all industries.
• Shale-related business establishments totaled 14,168 during the third quarter of 2017.
These data are meant to provide a barometer of shale-related economic activity and employment trends. While the vast majority of shale-related employment can be found in certain industries, not all business establishments in those industries are involved in shale activity. For those that are, not all of their products and services and, therefore, their employment, are necessarily linked to shale-related economic activity.
4
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Data Sources
The purpose of this quarterly publication is to provide the most current available data on shale-related economic activity in Ohio as compared to the base year of 2011. Although several data sources are cited in this publication, the primary source is the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW).
The QCEW program derives its data from quarterly tax reports of employers subject to state and federal unemploy-ment insurance laws. This includes 95 percent or more of all wage and salary employment in Ohio. Under the QCEW program, employment data represent the number of covered workers who worked during, or received pay for, the pay period including the 12th of the month. Excluded are members of the armed forces, the self-employed, unpaid family workers and railroad workers covered by the railroad unemployment insurance system. Data is published ap-proximately six months after the quarter ends.
Also included in this publication are several additional data sources that capture Ohio’s most current overall eco-nomic situation (Local Area Unemployment Statistics and Current Employment Statistics), employer demand (The Conference Board Help Wanted OnLine™Data Set) and hiring activity (Quarterly Workforce Indicators). For an expla-nation of all data sources, please refer to the “Definitions” section on page 18.
In this edition, most current data from the QCEW program are for the third quarter of 2017. Because the data are not seasonally adjusted, the same quarter of a given year must be used when analyzing growth over time. This will ensure that seasonal factors are not influencing employment change. Therefore, third quarter 2017 QCEW data are compared to third quarter 2011 QCEW data.
Data Limitations
The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), which is reviewed and revised every five years, was used to define shale-related industries. Much of the information included in this publication reflects data on a group of six industries identified as “core” and a group of 30 industries identified as “ancillary.” See page 20 for the impact the NAICS 2017 revision had on the shale-related industries.
These data are meant to provide a barometer of shale-related economic activity and employment trends. While the vast majority of shale-related employment can be found in these industries, not all business establishments in these industries are involved in shale activity. For those that are, not all of their products and services and, therefore, their employment are necessarily linked to shale-related economic activity. This is particularly true for the ancillary industries.
The data in this publication include government employment (federal, state and local) in all shale-related industries because significant non-private employment is present in a number of these industries, most notably: highway, street and bridge construction; engineering services; water supply and irrigation systems; and sewage treatment facilities.
As shale-related activity develops further in Ohio, additional industries may be added to the ancillary group, based on such factors as significant employment gains in an industry in a geographic region or the identification of a group of companies in the same industry involved in shale-related activity.
5
• Ohio’s seasonally adjusted unemployment rate for March 2018 was 4.4 percent. • The rate decreased from 4.5 percent in February.
Snapshot of Employment in Ohio
• Ohio had 5,579,200 seasonally adjusted nonfarm jobs in March 2018. • Compared to March 2017, employment has increased by 54,400 jobs.
Note: Recessionary periods are defined by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER).
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Seasonally Adjusted Unemployment RatesRecession Ohio U.S.
• In March 2018, 11,900 workers were employed in the mining and logging industry. That’s an increase of 500 from February 2018 and 900 from March 2017.
-10,000
-5,000
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
Feb-17 Mar-17 Apr-17 May-17 Jun-17 Jul-17 Aug-17 Sep-17 Oct-17 Nov-17 Dec-17 Jan-18 Feb-18 Mar-18
Ohio Nonfarm Employment Over-the-Month Change
6
STATEWIDE SHALE-RELATED INDUSTRIES• From 2011 Q3 to 2017 Q3, employment in core industries increased by 12,940 (177.5 percent). Over the same
period, employment in ancillary industries increased by 15,182 (8.7 percent).
• From 2011 Q3 to 2017 Q3, the number of business establishments in the core industries grew by 200 (32.8 percent), while establishments in ancillary industries increased by 408 (3.2 percent).
Number of Business Establishments and Employment in Shale-Related Industries (2011 Q3 - 2017 Q3)
Source: Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages.ND - Not Disclosable.**See page 20 for explanation of 2111.
Core Industries 2011 Q3 2017 Q3 ChangeNAICS Title Estab. Empl. Estab. Empl. Estab. Empl.
2111** Oil and gas extraction 203 2,918 130 1,073 -73 -1,845
213111 Drilling oil and gas wells 84 628 113 1,242 29 614
213112 Support activities for oil and gas operations 187 1,353 325 4,190 138 2,837
237120 Oil and gas pipeline construction 100 2,083 195 13,179 95 11,096
486210 Pipeline transportation of natural gas 36 310 47 548 11 238
Core Industry Totals 610 7,292 810 20,232 200 12,940Ancillary Industries 2011 Q3 2017 Q3 Change
NAICS Title Estab. Empl. Estab. Empl. Estab. Empl.
221112 Fossil fuel electric power generation 83 5,302 71 3,528 -12 -1,774
221210 Natural gas distribution 146 3,910 153 5,584 7 1,674
221310 Water supply and irrigation systems 248 6,121 260 5,940 12 -181
221320 Sewage treatment facilities 212 3,859 211 3,855 -1 -4
237110 Water and sewer system construction 385 5,611 360 6,876 -25 1,265
237310 Highway, street, and bridge construction 725 17,435 742 19,145 17 1,710
238912 Nonresidential site preparation contractors 630 5,885 650 6,992 20 1,107
325110 Petrochemical manufacturing 5 355 4 ND -1 ND
325120 Industrial gas manufacturing 45 760 41 ND -4 ND
331110 Iron and steel mills and ferroalloy manufacturing 60 10,419 61 7,738 1 -2,681
331210 Iron, steel pipe and tube from purchase steel 54 3,163 40 3,528 -14 365
333131 Mining machinery and equipment manufacturing 12 476 10 265 -2 -211
333132 Oil and gas field machinery and equipment 7 141 10 237 3 96
423810 Construction equipment merchant wholesalers 202 2,729 184 2,821 -18 92
423830 Industrial machinery merchant wholesalers 1,701 15,506 1,664 17,319 -37 1,813
423840 Industrial supplies merchant wholesalers 511 4,909 498 5,525 -13 616
484110 General freight trucking, local 1,371 12,256 1,411 13,355 40 1,099
484220 Other specialized trucking, local 1,013 7,571 1,126 9,029 113 1,458
484230 Other specialized trucking, long-distance 291 4,636 335 6,345 44 1,709
531190 Lessors of other real estate property 294 1,018 286 1,097 -8 79
532412 Other heavy machinery rental and leasing 168 1,363 211 2,186 43 823
541330 Engineering services 2,308 28,371 2,468 30,267 160 1,896
541360 Geophysical surveying and mapping services 51 272 58 181 7 -91
541380 Testing laboratories 364 6,587 421 7,037 57 450
541620 Environmental consulting services 297 1,766 327 1,924 30 158
562910 Remediation services 189 2,601 220 3,902 31 1,301
811310 Commercial machinery repair and maintenance 1,103 7,417 1,078 9,515 -25 2,098
924110 Air, water, and waste program administration 165 6,359 158 6,372 -7 13
924120 Administration of conservation programs 281 6,723 270 7,049 -11 326
926130 Utility regulation and administration 29 480 30 516 1 36
Ancillary Industry Totals 12,950 174,001 13,358 189,183 408 15,182
Core Industries and Ancillary Industries Totals 13,560 181,293 14,168 209,415 608 28,122
All Industries Totals 289,289 5,009,939 297,009 5,389,831 7,720 379,892
7
JOBSOHIO NETWORK REGIONS
Southeast Ohio
Southwest Ohio
Central Ohio
West Ohio
Northwest Ohio
Northeast Ohio
Regions
8
REGIONAL SHALE-RELATED INDUSTRIESThe JobsOhio Network is a partnership of statewide economic development organizations with deep ties to their business communities. The following charts show trends in shale-related employment for each of the six JobsOhio regions.
Large percentage increases and decreases in employment may be the result of a change in industry classification following a routine NAICS assignment review. Changes in NAICS assignments are typically done with the publication of the first-quarter data.
-100.0%
-50.0%
0.0%
50.0%
100.0%
150.0%
200.0%
Southwest59.5%
Northeast158.4%
Central12.0%
West173.9%
Southeast132.5%
Northwest-84.2%
Core Shale-Related IndustriesPercent Employment Change (2011 Q3 - 2017 Q3)
0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
Southwest5.4%
Northeast1.3%
Central28.0%
West8.2%
Southeast14.0%
Northwest5.1%
Ancillary Shale-Related IndustriesPercent Employment Change (2011 Q3 - 2017 Q3)
Source: Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages program, Enhanced Quarterly Unemployment Insurance file.
• The largest percent growth in employment for core shale-related industries was in the West region (173.9 percent), followed by the Northeast region (158.4 percent).
• For ancillary shale-related industries, the largest percent growth in employment was in the Central region (28.0 percent), followed by the Southeast region (14.0 percent).
9
WaGeS FOR OhiO Shale-RelaTeD CORe aND aNCillaRY iNDUSTRieS
• The four-quarter average wage across all industries for 2016 Q4 through 2017 Q2 was $48,765.
• The four-quarter average wage in the core industries was $47,293 greater than the average wage for all industries.
• The four-quarter average wage in the ancillary industries was $18,422 higher than the average wage for all industries.
Four-Quarter Average Wage by Industry
Large changes in average wages may be the result of a change in industry classification following a routine NAICS assignment review.
$57,547
$70,171
$72,870
$76,024
$97,745
$112,915
$0 $30,000 $60,000 $90,000 $120,000
Crude Petroleum Extraction*
Support activities for oil and gas operations
Natural Gas Extraction*
Drilling oil and gas wells
Pipeline transportation of natural gas
Oil and gas pipeline construction
$29,792
$43,954
$45,068
$46,066
$55,390
$56,162
$56,420
$56,835
$57,361
$58,279
$59,529
$60,783
$61,459
$62,184
$67,759
$69,190
$69,259
$69,344
$69,452
$69,746
$71,082
$71,613
$72,737
$74,155
$79,494
$82,172
$82,760
$91,583
$104,848
$120,401
Lessors of other real estate property
Administration of conservation programs
General freight trucking, local
Other specialized trucking, local
Mining machinery and equipment manufacturing
Water supply and irrigation systems
Testing laboratories
Geophysical surveying and mapping services
Other specialized trucking, long-distance
Sewage treatment facilities
Nonresidential site preparation contractors
Other heavy machinery rental and leasing
Construction equipment merchant wholesalers
Air, water, and waste program administration
Industrial supplies merchant wholesalers
Highway, street, and bridge construction
Water and sewer system construction
Oil and gas field machinery and equipment
Remediation services
Environmental consulting services
Industrial machinery merchant wholesalers
Commercial machinery repair and maintenance
Industrial gas manufacturing
Utility regulation and administration
Engineering services
Iron, steel pipe and tube from purchase steel
Iron and Steel Mills and Ferroalloy Manufacturing
Natural gas distribution
Fossil fuel electric power generation
Petrochemical manufacturing
Source: Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages.* Wages displayed are based on 2017 Q1, Q2, and Q3 only. The combined average wage for the core industries is based on a weighted average. See page 20 for more information.
Ancillary Industries
Ancillary Shale-Related Industries
(2016 Q4 - 2017 Q3)
$67,187
Core Shale-Related Industries
(2016 Q4 - 2017 Q3)
$96,058*
All Ohio Industries(2016 Q4 - 2017 Q3)
$48,765
Core Industries
10
OHIO SHALE-RELATED ONLINE JOB POSTINGS
Statewide Online Job Postings2017 Q1 2018 Q1 % Change
Core Industries 86 122 41.9%
Ancillary Industries 4,279 5,168 20.8%
Total: ALL Industries 214,796 223,717 4.2%
Regional Online Job PostingsCore and Ancillary Combined 2017 Q1 2018 Q1 % ChangeSouthwest Ohio 873 940 7.7%
Northeast Ohio 1,360 1,532 12.6%
Central Ohio 698 1,092 56.4%
West Ohio 551 896 62.6%
Southeast Ohio 352 307 -12.8%
Northwest Ohio 414 389 -6.0%
Total* 4,365 5,290 21.2%
Statewide Online Job Postings
• Total job postings across all Ohio industries increased in 2018 Q1 compared to 2017 Q1.
• Overall, job postings increased in core (41.9 percent) and ancillary (20.8 percent) shale-related industries.
Regional Online Job Postings
• Job postings increased in the Southwest Ohio (7.7 percent), Northeast Ohio (12.6 percent), Central Ohio (56.4 percent) and West Ohio (62.6 percent) regions in 2018 Q1 compared to 2017 Q1.
Source: The Conference Board Help Wanted Online® (HWOL). New ads only. Data are subject to revision. Not seasonally adjusted. Excludes miscellaneous ads.
Data are not comparable to previous Ohio Shale Quarterly Economic Trends for Ohio Oil and Gas Industries reports due to HWOL 2017 methodological revisions.
*The total includes job ads that may have listed Ohio as the only geographical area. As a result, the sum of the job ads for the regions may be lower, since it does not include ads without a city or metropolitan statistical area specification.
11
WELL ACTIVITY STATUS AS OF APRIL 14, 2018
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GIFFORD SFGIFFORD SF
CHAPIN FORESTCHAPIN FORESTRESERVATION SFRESERVATION SF
T8
T83
T209
T259
T297
T236
T176
T208
T800
T58
T254
T193
T150
T16
T154
T21
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T60
T45
T5
T43
T46
T284
T165
T3
T2
T82
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T18
T647
T61
T151
T14
T174
T616
T700
T7
T79
T719
T93
T416
T539
T7
T173
T344
T792
T9
T723
T764
T516
T113
T661
T754
T252
T13
T291
T91
T687
T10
T44
T149
T170
T800
T331
T89
T162
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T313
T91
T212
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T158
T7
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T267
T78
T757
T37
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T60
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T265
T172
T183
T342
T226
T93
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T60
T169
T340
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T60T43
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T82
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T17
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Wayne NationalWayne NationalForestForestNational Forest FSNational Forest FS
Wayne National ForestWayne National ForestNational Forest FSNational Forest FS
Wayne NationalWayne NationalForestForestNational Forest FSNational Forest FS
Mosquito Creek LakeMosquito Creek LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Cuyahoga Valley NationalCuyahoga Valley NationalPark National Park NPSPark National Park NPS
Ravenna ArsenalRavenna ArsenalArmy DODArmy DOD
Michael J. Kirwan ReservoirMichael J. Kirwan ReservoirArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Berlin LakeBerlin LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Charles Mill LakeCharles Mill LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Pleasant Hill LakePleasant Hill LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Beach City LakeBeach City LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Atwood LakeAtwood LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Leesville LakeLeesville LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Mohawk ReservoirMohawk ReservoirArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Tappan LakeTappan LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Clendening LakeClendening LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Piedmont LakePiedmont LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Wills Creek LakeWills Creek LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Dillon LakeDillon LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Senecaville LakeSenecaville LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Burr Oak LakeBurr Oak LakeArmy Corps of Engineers DODArmy Corps of Engineers DOD
Wayne National Forest PurchaseWayne National Forest PurchaseUnit Purchase Unit Block FSUnit Purchase Unit Block FS
223
441222
3 575223
41752 165
320
526
1511 131
301
1515
1
1
Well Head Count by County1 - 10
11 - 50
51 - 100
101 - 200
201 - 400
401 - 600
Horizontal Wells Activity Statusat end of Saturday 04/14/2018:
ODNR LandsODNR LandsODNR LandsDivision of Forestry
Department
Division of Parks
Division of Watercraft
Division of Wildlife
Natural Areas and Preserves
Utica/Point Pleasant Well Heads
Marcellus Well Heads
Horizontal Wellbores
Utica/Point Pleasant Bottom HoleXW PERMITTED-(Permitted; Not Drilled; Canceled)
DRILLED-(Drilling; Well Drilled)
PRODUCING-(Producing; Plugged Back)
INACTIVE-(Drilled Inactive; Shut in)
Lost Hole or Final Restoration
Dry and Abandoned
Plugged and Abandoned
Marcellus Bottom HoleXW PERMITTED-(Permitted; Not Drilled; Canceled)
DRILLED-(Drilling; Well Drilled)
PRODUCING-(Producing; Plugged Back)
Inactive
Wells Permitted To Date: Utica: 2804 Marcellus: 52Wells Drilled To Date: Utica: 2319 Marcellus: 35Wells Producing To Date: Utica: 1883 Marcellus: 23
STATE OF OHIOJohn R. Kasich, Governor
DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCESJames Zehringer, Director
OFFICE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGYDonovan Powers, Chief
HORIZONTAL OIL AND GAS WELLS IN THEUTICA/POINT PLEASANT AND MARCELLUS FORMATIONS
ODNR OFFICE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGYApril 2018
OHIO DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES2018
Text
Data source: The ODNR Division of Oil and Gas Resources provided the Well data from RBDMS; The ODNR Division of Geological Survey provided the S<SUB1</SUB> data; The ODNR Office of Information Technology provided the ODNR lands data; The NationalAtlas.gov provided the federal lands; Ohio Department ofTransportation provided the city boundaries, roads, and lakes data.
Projection is Ohio state plane coordinate system, south zoneNorth American Datum 1983.
³SCALE 1:300,000
5 0 5 102.5 Miles
5 0 5 10 152.5 Kilometers
Utica/Point Pleasant and MarcellusHorizontal Well Head Counts by County
12
KEY OCCUPATIONS IN CORESHALE-RELATED INDUSTRIES
The occupations listed in the table below are found within the national staffing patterns of core shale-related industries. While these occupations are not exclusive to the core shale-related industries, the 2015 base employment count within these industries was above 50.
A standard occupation classification (SOC) code is provided for each occupation. For a complete list of terms and definitions, please refer to the Staffing Patterns definition on page 19.
SOC Code SOC Title
Median Annual Wage1
Typical Education, Work Experience, On-the-Job Training (OJT)
17-2171 Petroleum Engineers $109,574 Bachelor's degree
19-2042 Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers $65,645 Bachelor's degree
19-4041 Geological and Petroleum Technicians $50,253 Associate's degree, Moderate-term OJT
47-2151 Pipelayers $43,888 HS/GED, Short-term OJT
47-5011 Derrick Operators, Oil and Gas $39,998 Less than HS, Short-term OJT
47-5012 Rotary Drill Operators, Oil and Gas $40,976 Less than HS, Moderate-term OJT
47-5013 Service Unit Operators, Oil, Gas and Mining $34,278 Less than HS, Moderate-term OJT
47-5021 Earth Drillers, Except Oil and Gas $44,117 HS/GED, Moderate-term OJT
47-5071 Roustabouts, Oil and Gas $30,514 Less than HS, Moderate-term OJT
47-5081 Helpers--Extraction Workers $40,601 HS/GED, Moderate-term OJT
51-8092 Gas Plant Operators $67,870 HS/GED, Long-term OJT
51-8093 Petroleum Pump System Oper./Refinery Oper./Gaugers $61,589 HS/GED, Long-term OJT
53-7071 Gas Compressor and Gas Pumping Station Operators $67,371 HS/GED, Moderate-term OJT
53-7073 Wellhead Pumpers $33,841 HS/GED, Moderate-term OJT, Less than 5 years
1Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying hourly median wage by 2,080 hours.Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics, May 2015.
13
IN-DEMAND SHALE-RELATED OCCUPATIONSThe occupations listed below have been identified as in-demand occupations through the Ohio Workforce Information Exchange — Job Forecast initiative as of July 2017. This initiative works directly with employers with at least one Ohio location to identify employers’ most in-demand occupations over the next one, three, and five years. While the occupations below are not exclusive to the core shale-related industries, the 2015 base employment count within these industries was above 20.
For more information on the Workforce Information Exchange, please refer to page 20.
SOC Code SOC Title
Median Annual Wage1
Typical Education, Work Experience, On-the-Job Training (OJT)
11-3031 Financial Managers $106,330 Bachelor's degree, 5+ Years
11-9021 Construction Managers $84,989 Bachelor's degree, Moderate-term OJT
11-9041 Architectural and Engineering Managers $120,515 Bachelor's degree, 5+ Years Experience
11-1021 General and Operations Managers $89,960 Bachelor's degree, 5+ Years Experience
13-1051 Cost Estimators $56,597 Bachelor's degree
13-1199 Business Operations Specialists, All Other $62,421 Bachelor's degree
13-2011 Accountants and Auditors $63,357 Bachelor's degree
13-2051 Financial Analysts $69,576 Bachelor's degree
15-1121 Computer Systems Analysts $82,514 Bachelor's degree
17-2112 Industrial Engineers $76,660 Bachelor's degree
43-3031 Bookkeeping, Accounting and Auditing Clerks $35,600 HS/GED, Moderate-term OJT
43-4051 Customer Service Representatives $30,514 HS/GED, Short-term OJT
43-6011 Executive Secretaries and Executive Administrative Assistant $49,026 HS/GED, 1-5 Years Experience
43-6014Secretaries and Administrative Assistants, Ex. Legal, Medical and Executive
$32,635 HS/GED, Short-term OJT
43-9061 Office Clerks, General $28,600 HS/GED, Short-term OJT
47-1011First-Line Supervisors of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers
$59,717 HS/GED, 5+ Years Experience
47-2031 Carpenters $43,784 HS/GED, Apprenticeship
47-2061 Construction Laborers $36,733 Less than HS, Short-term OJT
47-2073 Operating Engineers and Other Construction Equipment Operators $48,859 HS/GED, Moderate-term OJT
47-2152 Plumbers, Pipefitters and Steamfitters $51,792 HS/GED, Apprenticeship
49-1011 First-Line Supervisors of Mechanics, Installers and Repairers $60,237 HS/GED, 1-5 Years Experience
49-3042 Mobile Heavy Equipment Mechanics, Except Engines $47,486 HS/GED, Long-term OJT
49-9041 Industrial Machinery Mechanics $47,029 HS/GED, Long-term OJT
51-1011 First-Line Supervisors of Production and Operating Workers $55,494 HS/GED, 1-5 Years Experience
51-4121 Welders, Cutters, Solderers and Brazers $36,338 HS/GED, Moderate-term OJT
51-9061 Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers and Weighers $36,171 HS/GED, Moderate-term OJT
53-3032 Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers $40,872 Post-sec non-degree, Short-term OJT
1Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying hourly median wage by 2,080 hours.Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics, May 2015.
14
STATEWIDE SHALE-RELATED EMPLOYMENT DATA
The Quarterly Workforce Indicators (QWI) are a set of economic indicators derived from state administrative records and basic demographic information from the Census Bureau. They can be examined based on geography, industry, gender and age of workers. Data presented are the most recent available. Because QWI data are not seasonally adjusted, the same quarter must be used when analyzing changes over time. This will ensure that seasonal factors are not influencing employment change. Therefore, in the table below and on the following page, 2011 Q1 data is presented with 2017 Q1 data.
The tables below and on the following page show Ohio shale-related employment. “Stable Employment” is an estimate of the number of jobs that were present at the beginning and end of a quarter. “All Hires” is the estimated number of workers who started a job during the quarter; it includes new and recalled employees. “Separations” is the estimated number of workers whose jobs with a given employer ended during a quarter.
Ohio
2011 Q1 2017 Q1
Stable Employment All Hires Separations
Stable Employment All Hires Separations
All industry groups 4,307,006 590,882 554,669 4,606,220 760,136 731,517
2111 Oil and Gas Extraction 2,807 187 93 1,006 92 110
2131 Support Activities for Mining 2,250 649 469 4,291 1,493 1,188
2371 Utility System Construction 7,624 1,395 1,423 12,162 8,045 3,856
4862 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas 317 13 21 539 28 37
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics, Quarterly Workforce Indicators.
QWI are available only at the four-digit NAICS level. Consequently, although these industry groups contain some employment from non-shale-related core industries, they provide an indication of labor activity for these shale-related industries.
• Stable jobs, those present at the beginning and end of a quarter, increased in three core shale-related industries from 2011 Q1 to 2017 Q1: support activities for mining, utility system construction, and pipeline transportation of natural gas.
• The job market has significant turnover as demonstrated by the number of hires and separations.
15
JOBSOHIO NETWORK SHALE-RELATED EMPLOYMENT
Central Ohio
2011 Q1 2017 Q1
Stable Employment All Hires Separations
Stable Employment All Hires Separations
All industry groups 848,703 124,830 113,117 944,189 168,029 163,809
2111 Oil and Gas Extraction 183 9 5 123 5 10
2131 Support Activities for Mining 146 37 21 181 39 28
2371 Utility System Construction 1,457 275 216 3,309 1,085 785
4862 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas 113 7 8 130 9 15
Northeast Ohio
All industry groups 1,637,319 215,805 201,018 1,703,145 262,599 253,582
2111 Oil and Gas Extraction 628 63 30 552 43 68
2131 Support Activities for Mining 664 82 89 1,642 474 345
2371 Utility System Construction 2,850 533 615 3,235 3,929 1,196
4862 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas 85 3 5 211 10 11
Northwest Ohio
All industry groups 448,894 56,921 58,865 479,104 78,368 76,076
2111 Oil and Gas Extraction 1,547 88 30 *** 0 0
2131 Support Activities for Mining 18 0 0 27 7 ***
2371 Utility System Construction 1,008 133 181 1,560 1,055 832
4862 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas 27 0 *** 33 *** ***
Southeast Ohio
All industry groups 259,454 34,252 32,333 268,039 44,108 42,323
2111 Oil and Gas Extraction 363 19 27 328 41 31
2131 Support Activities for Mining 1,398 521 353 2,340 913 740
2371 Utility System Construction 572 258 180 1,018 835 440
4862 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas 78 *** 5 79 4 6
Southwest Ohio
All industry groups 664,138 101,198 91,988 738,268 128,415 119,329
2111 Oil and Gas Extraction 84 8 *** *** *** ***
2131 Support Activities for Mining *** 0 *** 12 41 70
2371 Utility System Construction 1,137 119 115 2,086 544 387
4862 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas *** *** *** 85 3 3
West Ohio
All industry groups 448,498 57,876 57,349 473,475 78,617 76,399
2111 Oil and Gas Extraction *** 0 0 0 *** 0
2131 Support Activities for Mining 19 8 5 90 19 ***
2371 Utility System Construction 600 77 115 953 598 217
4862 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas *** 0 0 0 0 0
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics, Quarterly Workforce Indicators. ***Indicates data cannot be disclosed due to confidentiality restrictions or data quality standards.
Quarterly Workforce Indicators are available only at the four-digit NAICS level. Consequently, although these industry groups contain some employment from non-shale-related core industries, they help provide an indication of labor activity for these shale-related industries.
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4.1% or Lower
4.2% to 4.3%
4.4% to 7.0%
7.1% or HigherSource: Ohio Department of Job and Family Services Office of Workforce Development Bureau of Labor Market Information*Data are preliminary and subject to revision.
COUNTY UNEMPLOYMENT RATES IN MARCH 2018(Not Seasonally Adjusted)
Unemployment Rates
Not Seasonally Adjusted Seasonally Adjusted
United States 4.1% 4.1%
Ohio 4.3% 4.4%
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Source: Ohio Department of Job and Family Services Office of Workforce Development Bureau of Labor Market Information*Data based on 2017 benchmark.
COUNTY UNEMPLOYMENT RATES IN MARCH 2017 (Not Seasonally Adjusted)
Unemployment Rates
Not Seasonally Adjusted Seasonally Adjusted
United States 4.6% 4.5%
Ohio 5.3% 5.1%
4.6% or Lower
4.7% to 5.3%
5.4% to 7.0%
7.1% or Higher
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DEFINITIONS
OHIO LABOR FORCE STATISTICS*
Source: Ohio Department of Job and Family Services’ Bureau of Labor Market Information, Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS)
The labor force and unemployment data are based on the same concepts and definitions as those used for the official national estimates obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS). The LAUS program measures employment and unemployment on a place-of-residence basis and produces estimates using equations based on regression techniques. This method uses data from several sources, including the CPS, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program and state unemployment insurance programs. The LAUS program does not produce estimates for any demographic groups.
Employment − A count of all persons who, during the week that includes the 12th day of the month, (a) did any work as paid employees, worked in their own businesses or professions or on their own farm, or worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in enterprises operated by members of their families, or (b) were not working but who had jobs from which they were temporarily absent. Each employed person is counted only once, even if the person holds more than one job. Included are the self-employed, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers and private household workers, who are excluded by the CES survey.
Labor Force − The population of people either working or looking for work, or classified as employed or unemployed.
Unemployment − A count of all persons age 16 and older who had no employment during the reference week (the week containing the 12th day of the month), who were available for work (except for temporary illness), and who had made specific efforts to find employment sometime during the four-week period ending with the reference week. This includes those waiting to be recalled to jobs from which they had been laid off.
Unemployment Rate − The number of unemployed workers as a percent of the labor force.
JOB DATA*
Source: Ohio Department of Job and Family Services’ Bureau of Labor Market Information, Current Employment Statistics
Each month the CES program surveys about 149,000 national businesses and government agencies to provide detailed industry data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on non-farm payrolls. This is a collaborative effort between the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) and the states. CES produces a count of jobs, not of people.
Nonfarm Jobs − The total number of persons on established payrolls employed full- or part-time who received pay for any part of the pay period that includes the 12th day of the month. Temporary and intermittent employees are included, as are any employees who are on paid sick leave, on paid holiday, or who worked during only part of the specified pay period. A striking employee who works only a small portion of the survey period, and is paid, is included as employed. Those on payrolls of more than one establishment are counted in each establishment. Data exclude proprietors, self-employed workers, unpaid family or volunteer workers, farm workers, and domestic workers. Those on layoff, strike or leave without pay for the entire pay period, or who have not yet reported for work, are not counted as employed. Government employment covers only civilian employees.
QUARTERLY WORKFORCE INDICATORS
Source: U.S. Census Bureau
The Quarterly Workforce Indicators are data that can be examined by region, industry, gender and age of workers. These indicators are built on wage records in the unemployment insurance system and information from state Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) data.
*THESE DATA ARE SEASONALLY ADJUSTED. Seasonal adjustment removes changes in employment due to normal seasonal hiring or layoffs (such as holidays, weather, etc.).
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DEFINITIONS
QUARTERLY CENSUS OF EMPLOYMENT AND WAGES
Source: Ohio Department of Job and Family Services’ Bureau of Labor Market Information, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages
Business Establishment − An establishment is the location of a certain economic activity, such as a factory, store, office or mine, which produces goods or services. It is typically at a single physical location and engaged in one, or predominantly one, type of economic activity. An employer may have one or more establishments.
Employment − Employment data include all employment covered under federal and Ohio unemployment insurance laws for each of the three months in a quarter. The employment count represents the number of full- and part-time employees who worked during or received pay for the payroll period including the 12th day of the month. The employment totals for each month are averaged for the quarter employment count. Those on paid vacations or paid sick leave are included. Workers temporarily earning no wages due to labor-management disputes, layoffs or other reasons are not reported as employed. Those on the payroll of more than one employer during the same reference week are reported more than once.
Wages − Wages include total compensation paid during a calendar quarter, including bonuses. Average wages are calculated by dividing total wages for a quarter by average employment in that quarter.
STAFFING PATTERNS
Source: Ohio Department of Job and Family Services’ Bureau of Labor Market Information
A staffing pattern is a list of the occupations most commonly found within a particular industry. This information comes from the biennial Long-Term Occupational Employment Projections data.
Annual Median Wage − The annual median wage earned by workers in an occupation, assuming 40 hours of work per week, 52 weeks a year. Wage data is derived from the annual Occupational Employment Statistics survey.
Typical Education, Training and Experience − To assist with career planning, the BLS has determined the typical education needed for entry into an occupation, years of commonly needed work experience in a related occupation, and typical on-the-job training needed to attain competency in the occupation. For definitions of available categories, see bls.gov/emp/ep_education_tech.htm.
Typical Education Levels
• Less than high school• High school diploma or equivalent (HS/GED)
• Postsecondary non-degree award (Post-HS Cert.)
• Associate’s degree
• Bachelor’s degree
• Master’s degree
• Doctoral or professional degree
Work Experience in a Related Occupation
• Five years or more• One to five years• Less than one year
Typical On-The-Job (OJT) Training
• Long-term OJT – More than 12 months OJT or combined work experience and formal classroom instruction
• Moderate-term OJT – One to 12 months OJT and informal training
• Short-term OJT – Less than one month OJT
ONLINE JOB POSTINGS
Source: The Conference Board Help Wanted OnLine™ Data Set
The Conference Board HWOL data set provides real-time insight into the employment marketplace through the world’s largest database of online job ads. Job ads can be classified by industry, occupation, employer and geographic area. Data are analyzed for employment trends and to forecast economic conditions. The underlying data for The Conference Board HWOL are provided by Wanted Technologies Corporation.
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DEFINITIONS
NORTH AMERICAN INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM (NAICS) CHANGES
NAICS, established in 1997, is reviewed for potential revisions every five years. The latest revision, in 2017, was implemented by BLS in the QCEW program with the release of first quarter 2017 data. As part of this revision, the NAICS code of two core shale-related industries were impacted: NAICS 211111 (Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Extraction) and NAICS 211112 (Natural Gas Liquid Extraction). The NAICS 2017 structure regrouped those NAICS into 211120 (Crude Petroleum Extraction) and 211130 (Natural Gas Extraction). A portion of the former 211111 was moved to 211120; while 211130 contains all of 211112 and a portion of 211111. These data are comparable at the 4-digit level, as all are contained within 2111 (Oil and Gas Extraction), but they are not comparable at 5- or 6-digit level. Because the employment from year 2011 is not defined in NAICS 2017 codes and year 2017 employment is not defined under old codes, we provide only the 4-digit level data for NAICS 2111 on page 6.
Core Shale-Related Industries (NAICS):
Crude Petroleum Extraction (211120); Natural Gas Extraction (211130); Drilling Oil & Gas Wells (213111); Support Activities for Oil & Gas Operations (213112); Oil & Gas Pipeline & Related Structures Construction (237120); and Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas (486210).
Ancillary Shale-Related Industries (NAICS):
Fossil Fuel Electric Power Generation (221112); Natural Gas Distribution (221210); Water Supply & Irrigation Systems (221310); Sewage Treatment Facilities (221320); Water & Sewer Line & Related Structures Construction (237110); Highway, Street, and Bridge Construction (237310); Nonresidential Site Preparation Contractors (238912); Petrochemical Manufacturing (325110); Industrial Gas Manufacturing (325120); Iron & Steel Mills & Ferroalloy Manufacturing (3311101); Iron & Steel Pipe & Tube Manufacturing from Purchased Steel (331210); Mining Machinery & Equipment Manufacturing (333131); Oil & Gas Field Machinery & Equipment Manufacturing (333132); Construction and Mining (except Oil Well) Machinery and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers (423810); Industrial Machinery and Equipment Merchant Wholesalers (423830); Industrial Supplies Merchant Wholesalers (423840); General Freight Trucking, Local (484110); Specialized
Freight Trucking, Local (484220); Specialized Freight Trucking, Long-Distance (484230); Lessors of Other Real Property (531190); Construction, Mining & Forestry Machinery & Equipment Rental & Leasing (532412); Engineering Services (541330); Geophysical Surveying & Mapping Services (541360); Testing Laboratories (541380); Environmental Consulting Services (541620); Remediation Services (562910); Commercial & Industrial Machinery & Equipment Repair & Maintenance (811310); Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs (924110); Administration of Conservation Programs (924120); and Regulation and Administration of Communications, Electric, Gas, and Other Utilities (926130).
WORKFORCE INFORMATION EXCHANGE
Source: Governor’s Office of Workforce Transformation
(workforce.ohio.gov)
The Governor’s Office of Workforce Transformation deployed a statewide jobs forecasting tool to the top companies of predefined industry clusters. These companies represent small, medium and large businesses with at least 10 employees and at least one Ohio location. Through the forecasting tool, businesses identify the top five critical, difficult-to-fill job needs over the next one, three and five years. The information from the forecast tool is aggregated with current job postings and occupation projections from ODJFS to better align the in-demand jobs with education and training providers and Ohio’s workforce development system.
John R. Kasich, Governor State of Ohio
Cynthia C. Dungey, Director Ohio Department of Job and Family Services
April 2018
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